Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an intelligent material/part distribution cabinet based on load-bearing pressure sensing for measuring the quantity and inventory of materials and parts in real time and carrying out identity recognition management on a material taker, which can display the quantity of the materials in real time and report data statistics through the Internet, thereby realizing the modernization and fine management of the materials and the parts.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
An intelligent material distribution cabinet with quantity display comprises a cabinet body, a control system and a plurality of material drawers with weighing functions, wherein each material drawer is locked on the cabinet body through an electric control lock, and a weighing sensor is arranged at the lower part of each material drawer; the two sides of a rack bottom plate of the cabinet body are provided with telescopic sliding rails, a plurality of weighing sensors are fixed on the telescopic sliding rails through supporting plates, and a material drawer is arranged on each weighing sensor; the two sides of the material drawer are provided with a plurality of pulleys, the corresponding position of the bottom plate of the rack is provided with a plurality of sloping plates, and when the material drawer is closed, the pulleys are pressed on the sloping surfaces of the corresponding sloping plates, so that the material drawer is separated from the support of the weighing sensor.
In the intelligent material distribution cabinet with the quantity display, the control system comprises an identity recognition unit, an upper computer terminal, a transfer unit and a plurality of lower computers, wherein each material drawer corresponds to one lower computer;
The identity recognition unit is electrically connected with the upper computer terminal; the upper computer terminal is connected with the transfer unit through a USB-TTL interface;
The transfer unit comprises a transfer MCU, an RS485 transceiver and a power supply control circuit, wherein the RS485 transceiver is electrically connected with the transfer MCU; the RS485 transceiver receives and transmits data from the lower computer through an RS485 bus; the power supply control circuit is electrically connected with the power supply to realize on-off control of the power supply;
The lower computer comprises a lower computer MCU, an RS485 transceiver electrically connected with the lower computer MCU, an AD conversion circuit and a monitoring control circuit; the AD conversion circuit realizes data acquisition of the weighing sensor (207); the monitoring control circuit is electrically connected with the electric control lock and used for controlling and monitoring the state of the electric control lock;
The lower computer MCU receives and transmits data from the transfer MCU through the RS485 transceiver and the RS485 bus.
In the intelligent material distribution cabinet with the quantity display, the control system further comprises a busy line unit for providing an identifier for the busy state of the RS485 bus; the busy line unit comprises a bifurcation wire and peripheral components, one end of the bifurcation wire is electrically connected with the digital input port A and the digital output port B of the transfer unit MCU through the components, and the other end of the bifurcation wire is electrically connected with the digital input ports A and the digital output ports B of the plurality of lower computer MCU through the components after bifurcation, so that the judgment and the switching of the level of the bifurcation wire are realized.
In the intelligent material distribution cabinet with the quantity display, peripheral components of the busy line unit comprise driving three lasers and current limiting resistors corresponding to each MCU; in one end of a lower computer of the busy line unit, an emitter of the triode C is grounded, a base is connected to a digital output port B of the MCU through a current-limiting resistor, a collector is divided into two paths, one path is connected to a digital input port A of the MCU through the current-limiting resistor, and the other path is connected to a lead. In one end of a transfer unit of the busy line unit, an emitter of a triode C is grounded, a base is connected to a digital output port B of the MCU through a current-limiting resistor, a collector is divided into three paths, the first path is connected to a digital input port A of the MCU through the current-limiting resistor, the second path is connected to a power supply Vcc through the current-limiting resistor, and the third path is connected to a lead.
In the intelligent material distribution cabinet with the quantity display, the front surface of the material drawer is provided with the induction probe for inducing a human hand to contact with the drawer handle; the monitoring control circuit is electrically connected with the inductive probe and is used for monitoring the state when the hand touches the drawer.
In the intelligent material distribution cabinet with the quantity display, 4 weighing sensors below each material drawer are fixed on the supporting plate in a staggered manner.
In the intelligent material distribution cabinet with the quantity display, the lower end of the material drawer is provided with the positioning edge, and the positioning edge is limited on the edge of the shell of the weighing sensor.
In the intelligent material distribution cabinet with the quantity display, the gradient of the slope plate is 10-20 DEG
In the intelligent material distribution cabinet with the quantity display, the supporting plate and the front panel of the drawer are fixed into a whole, the drawer body is placed above the weighing sensor behind the front panel, and the drawer handle is fixed on the front panel of the drawer.
An intelligent material distribution system with quantity display comprises a plurality of intelligent material distribution cabinets which are interconnected in a wireless local area network.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. The invention is based on the mobile interconnection technology, integrates electromechanical integrated fine control, visualizes a man-machine interaction window of a touch screen computer, realizes the fine management of parts and materials in the Internet of things, realizes the high-efficiency and low-error-rate intelligent management of material in-out and in-out storage, and provides quick and reliable material data for management such as planning, production scheduling, resource overall planning and the like.
2. According to the invention, the weight of each drawer before and after peeling is acquired by adopting the weighing sensor, and then the number of parts in the material drawer is counted in real time according to the weight of single parts or materials obtained by measuring in advance, and the parts are uploaded to the upper computer and displayed on the digital display unit of the drawer in real time, so that statistics, report, supply and timely grasp of information by material taking staff are facilitated.
3. The invention adopts a movable structure, and the roller and the leveling knob are arranged at the bottom, thereby being convenient for the whole movement of the distribution cabinet, and simultaneously the leveling knob provides a guarantee for the accurate measurement of the bearing sensor.
4. According to the distribution cabinet, the plurality of pulleys are additionally arranged outside the drawer, and the pulleys bear on the slope plate when the drawer is closed, so that the weighing sensor is separated from the drawer; when the drawer is opened, the pulley is separated from the slope plate, so that the drawer is pressed on the weighing sensor, and the separation and pressure bearing of the weighing sensor when the drawer is closed and opened are skillfully realized through the mechanism. When the drawer is locked at ordinary times, the weighing sensor is not pressurized any more, and errors such as fatigue effect and creep of the sensor caused by long-term working of the weighing sensor are avoided.
5. According to the invention, at least one pressure spring is arranged on the back plate of the cabinet body, and when the drawer is sprung by adopting a common electric control elastic lock, the action of the pressure spring can automatically sprung the tool drawer under the heavier condition; when the drawer is reset, the pressure spring can be pushed by manpower, so that the application of the drawer in the next opening is not affected.
6. According to the invention, the induction probe is arranged at the handle of the material drawer, and when the hand is detected to contact the drawer handle, the calculation of the weight is stopped, so that the weighing measurement is ensured not to be interfered by external force.
7. The movable bracket is adopted to fix the tablet personal computer, so that the tablet personal computer can be buckled on the top of the cabinet body when a receiving worker is not in use, and a computer screen is protected.
8. The invention integrates a plurality of identity recognition modes such as a radio frequency card recognition module, a fingerprint recognition module, a face recognition module, an iris recognition module and the like, and meets the application of various occasions and special crowds.
9. The material drawers can be customized according to the size and the number of the materials, and the cabinet body can be matched with different drawers according to application occasions.
10. The control system comprises an upper computer terminal, a transfer unit and a lower computer distributed to each drawer, wherein the lower computer independently measures the weight and the quantity of the materials in each drawer for display, thereby facilitating the management of the materials and the understanding of the users on the residual materials; the upper computer terminal realizes the identification of the user identity, the management of material data, the information sharing and the instruction issuing of opening the drawer to the lower computer through software operation, so that the whole distribution cabinet is safe and reliable to manage and convenient to use; the transfer unit realizes intelligent power management of the lower computer group, and plays roles of saving energy consumption and prolonging the service life of devices.
11. The invention is provided with the monitoring control circuit in the lower computer, monitors whether the drawer is closed in real time, provides conditions for data reporting, monitors the state of the induction probe at the handle in real time, and provides triggering conditions for data acquisition of the weighing sensor.
12. The invention sets a public busy line between the transfer unit and each lower computer, and the busy and idle states of the busy line need to be detected before the lower computer reports data to the upper computer terminal, which is used as a 485 transmission bus busy and idle mark, thereby avoiding data disorder caused by simultaneous data reporting of a plurality of drawers, ensuring the accuracy of measurement, and having the characteristics of simplicity and reliability.
13. The intelligent material use management system is composed of a plurality of mobile distribution cabinets, integrates software and hardware of the Internet of things technology, the wireless Wi-Fi technology, the cloud computing technology, the electromechanical integration technology and the like, meets the requirements of tool use and warehouse managers in various manufacturing and maintenance places, provides functional modules of warehousing, ex-warehouse, checking, statistical query and the like of materials and parts, and achieves the intellectualization of material management.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-7, the material distribution cabinet body of the invention is a cabinet body 1 with rollers 11 mounted at the bottom, an upper computer terminal 5 and an identity recognition unit 4 are arranged on the cabinet body 1, a lower computer 2 is arranged inside the cabinet body 1, the lower computer 2 is electrically connected with the upper computer terminal 5 and the identity recognition unit 4, the upper computer terminal 5 recommends to use a tablet personal computer, the tablet personal computer is fixed at the top of the cabinet body 1 through a bracket 6, the bracket 6 can adopt a movable type, and the tablet personal computer is buckled at the top of the cabinet body when a user does not use the cabinet, so as to protect a computer screen.
The inside of the cabinet body 1 is embedded with a plurality of material drawers 9, materials and parts are placed in the drawers, and each cabinet can customize a plurality of groups of drawers with different sizes in large, medium and small according to the requirements of production occasions. The material drawer 9 is locked on the cabinet body 1 through the electric control lock 211, and the drawer can be automatically opened through the electric control lock 211 only after the identity of the user is confirmed through the identity recognition unit 4. The front surface of the material drawer 9 is provided with a digital display unit 3 and a drawer handle 10.
The lower end of each material drawer is provided with a weighing sensor 207, the weight of each drawer before and after the parts are placed is measured, the number of the rest parts in each drawer is calculated according to the weight of each part obtained in advance, and the number of the rest parts is reported to the upper computer terminal 5 and simultaneously displayed on the digital display unit 3. For the accurate measurement, a level bar is further arranged on the cabinet body, and a leveling knob 30 is arranged at the bottom of the cabinet body, so that the horizontal working requirement of the weighing sensor during accurate measurement is met. The electric control lock 211 is an electric control elastic lock, and is closed by virtue of thrust, and is automatically sprung open once an opening signal is received.
As shown in fig. 7, a spring 217 is provided between the frame rear plate 201 and the drawer 9, and one end of the spring 217 is fixed to the frame rear plate 201 and the other end is suspended. The purpose is that when the drawer needs to be sprung by adopting a common electric control elastic lock, the action of the pressure spring can cause the automatic spring-open of the tool drawer under the condition of heavier weight; when the drawer is reset, the pressure spring can be pushed by manpower, so that the application of the drawer in the next opening is not affected.
As shown in fig. 2-6, in order to achieve accurate weight measurement of materials, the weighing cell of the present invention is arranged as follows: two sides of the frame bottom plate 202 are respectively provided with a telescopic slide rail 205, a plurality of weighing sensors 207 are fixed on the telescopic slide rails 205 through supporting plates 204, material drawers 9 are arranged on the weighing sensors 207 in a suspended mode, generally 4 weighing sensors 207 below each material drawer 9 are fixed on the supporting plates 204 in a staggered mode, and accurate weight data can be obtained when unbalanced placement of parts is ensured.
The purpose of the staggered placement of the weighing sensors 207 is also to have a positioning effect on the material drawers 9, as shown in fig. 5, the lower ends of the material drawers 9 are provided with positioning edges 216, and the positioning edges 216 are limited on the edges of the shell of the weighing sensors 207, so that the material drawers 9 placed in the air cannot be greatly shifted in the front, back, left and right directions in the push-pull process.
In order to overcome the problem that errors such as sensor fatigue effect and creep deformation occur in the long-time weight loading process by adopting a pressure-sensitive measurement principle by the traditional weighing sensor 207, the weighing sensor does not bear pressure in the normal time part and material storage process in the scheme of the invention, and only after the part is taken and placed, the weighing measurement is carried out. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a plurality of pulleys 213 are disposed on two sides of the material drawer 9, a plurality of ramp plates 203 are disposed at corresponding positions of the frame bottom plate 202, and when the material drawer 9 is closed, the pulleys 213 are pressed against the slopes of the corresponding ramp plates 203, so that the material drawer 9 is separated from the support of the weighing sensor 207. Usually, each material drawer 9 is provided with 4 pulleys, 2 pulleys are arranged on each side, the gradient of the slope plate 203 is 10 degrees to 20 degrees, the slope height and the fixed position of the pulleys 213 are designed reasonably, so that the drawers are closed when materials or parts are not taken and placed at ordinary times, the electric control lock 8 is locked, the pulleys 213 are just positioned on the slope plate 203, the material drawer 9 is separated from the support of the weighing sensor 207, the weighing sensor 207 is ensured not to be stressed any more, and errors such as fatigue effect and creep of the sensor are prevented; when the material taking and discharging person clicks the appointed of the upper computer to open the material drawer, the electric control lock 8 is opened, the material drawer 9 is sprung by means of the elasticity of the electric control lock 8 and the elasticity of the rear end spring 217, the pulley 213 is moved away from the slope plate 203, the position of the material drawer 9 is lowered to the beginning bearing support of the weighing sensor 207, the weight of the drawer is read at a proper time, and the weight is uploaded to the upper computer for processing, so that the weighing sensor is weighed only in a few occasions, and creep errors are prevented.
The above measurement can bring another problem, namely when the drawer is opened, the weight of the drawer body 206 at the moment needs to be collected after the action of taking and placing the parts is completed, and the influence on the change of the load of the drawer body 206 in the process of pushing and pulling the drawer is eliminated, and the scheme adopted at present has three solving measures:
Measure one: continuously collecting weight data after the part taking and placing actions are completed, removing and filtering unstable burr fluctuation data (namely interference caused by pushing and pulling the drawer) in the weight data, and obtaining accurate measurement results.
And a second measure: as shown in fig. 5 and 6, an inductive probe 215 is installed near the drawer handle 10, the inductive probe 215 can adopt a photoelectric shielding switch, when a human hand is detected to contact the drawer handle 10, the weight measurement is stopped, and when the inductive probe 215 cannot sense that an object exists at the handle, the acquisition unit of the control system is triggered to acquire a weight signal, so that the weighing measurement is ensured not to be interfered by external force.
And step three: as shown in fig. 8, the front panel 218 and the drawer body 206 of the drawer are in a split structure, the supporting plate 204 and the front panel 218 of the drawer are fixed together, the drawer body 206 is placed above the weighing sensor 207 behind the front panel 218, and the drawer handle 10 is fixed on the front panel 218 of the drawer, so that the weight of the drawer body 206 above the weighing sensor 207 is not affected when the drawer handle 10 is touched during picking and placing parts, thereby avoiding the crosstalk of symmetrical weight data and further improving the measurement accuracy.
As shown in fig. 9-11, the control system of the invention comprises an identity recognition unit 4, an upper computer terminal 5, a transfer unit 13 and a plurality of lower computers 2 which are electrically connected, wherein each material drawer corresponds to one lower computer 2. The identity recognition unit 4 is electrically connected with the upper computer terminal 5 through a USB interface, and the upper computer terminal 5 is connected with the transfer unit 13 through a USB-TTL interface. The lower computer 2 is responsible for measuring, calibrating, calculating and displaying the weight of the materials, and then uploading the weight to the upper computer terminal 5. The upper computer terminal 5 is responsible for identity verification, provides a material information input interface, establishes a material database, receives a drawer opening instruction from a software interface, executes opening action, collects material quantity information uploaded by the lower computer 2, rewrites the material database, and shares the material database information on a local area network or the Internet through Wifi.
In fig. 9, the upper computer terminal 5 acquires and verifies the identity information of the operator through the identity recognition unit 4. After verification, the upper computer terminal 5 firstly gives a system power-on instruction to the transfer unit 13 through the USB-TTL module, and then the transfer unit 13 immediately supplies power to all the lower computers 2 to start operation. The upper computer terminal 5 sends instructions such as drawer opening, tare measurement or sensitivity measurement to the lower computer 2 selected by the user through the USB-TTL module and the RS485 bus. The lower computer 2 with the matched site immediately executes the corresponding instruction after receiving the instruction and responds to the upper computer terminal 5.
In fig. 10, the transfer unit 13 mainly comprises an MCU, an RS485 transceiver and a power supply control circuit, wherein the RS485 transceiver receives and transmits data from the lower computer 2 through an RS485 bus, and the power supply control circuit is electrically connected with a power supply to realize on-off control of the power supply; besides receiving the power-on instruction of the upper computer terminal 5 through the USB-TTL module and completing the function of powering on the lower computer group, the full-closed state of the drawers is also detected, and when all the drawers are closed for a period of time (usually more than ten seconds), the transfer unit 13 cuts off the power supply of the lower computer group so as to achieve the purposes of reducing energy consumption and prolonging the service life of the system.
In fig. 11, the lower computer 2 mainly comprises an MCU, an RS485 transceiver, an AD conversion circuit, a digital display unit, a monitoring control circuit, and the like. The monitoring control circuit is electrically connected with the electric control lock 211 and is used for controlling the electric control lock 211 to switch and monitor the state of the electric control lock 211; the lower computer MCU receives and transmits data from the transfer MCU through the RS485 transceiver and the RS485 bus; the digital display unit 3 is used for displaying the quantity of tools or materials in the distribution cabinet; the MCU receives the instruction issued by the RS485 bus, controls the electric control lock 211 according to the instruction requirement, acquires the drawer tare or real weight data through the AD conversion circuit, performs sensitivity calculation, calculates and displays the material quantity and the like. In addition, the MCU of the lower computer monitors the state of the electric control lock 211 through the monitoring control circuit, and reports data to the upper computer terminal 5 when the electric control lock 211 is in a closed state, namely when the drawer is closed. The monitoring control circuit also monitors the state of the sensing probe 215 at the handle 10 in real time as required, and triggers the AD conversion circuit to perform acquisition conversion on the weighing sensor when no human hand or object is detected to contact the drawer handle 10.
When the drawer is not in operation at ordinary times, the drawer is closed, when a certain drawer is opened by a user with a normal identity in operation and materials are taken away, the lower computer 2 collects data of the weighing sensor and stores the data in the MCU in the open state of the drawer, and when the drawer is closed, the lower computer 2 actively reports the quantity of the residual materials and the state information of the drawer to the upper computer terminal 5.
As shown in fig. 12, in order to avoid bus collision when a plurality of drawers take away materials and report data at the same time, which causes data disorder, the system is provided with a busy line unit as a 485 bus busy flag. The busy line consists of a bifurcation wire and peripheral components, one end of the wire is electrically connected with the digital input port A and the digital output port B of the transfer unit MCU through the components, and the other end of the wire is electrically connected with the digital input ports A and the digital output ports B of the plurality of lower computer MCU through the components after bifurcation. In fig. 12, ports a and B represent a digital input port and a digital output port of the corresponding single chip microcomputer, respectively, and C is a driving triode. The peripheral device comprises a triode C and a plurality of shunt resistors, wherein the triode C corresponds to each MCU. The digital input port A of the MCU detects the level of the busy line, and the digital output port B realizes the level raising and lowering of the busy line. The busy line is a high level and marks the RS485 bus as idle, otherwise, the busy line level is 0, and marks that the RS485 bus is occupied.
A specific implementation circuit is given below. In fig. 12, in one end of the lower computer of the busy line unit, the emitter of the triode C is grounded, the base is connected to the digital output port B of the MCU through the current limiting resistor, the collector is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the digital input port a of the MCU through the current limiting resistor, and the other path is connected to the lead. In one end of a transfer unit of the busy line unit, an emitter of a triode C is grounded, a base is connected to a digital output port B of the MCU through a current-limiting resistor, a collector is divided into three paths, the first path is connected to a digital input port A of the MCU through the current-limiting resistor, the second path is connected to a power supply Vcc through the current-limiting resistor, and the third path is connected to a lead.
When a certain lower computer prepares to report data, the MCU monitors the busy line level through the digital input port A. If the busy line is low level, the mark RS485 bus is occupied by other lower computers, the MCU enters a waiting state until the busy line becomes high level, at the moment, the RS485 bus is released, the MCU instantly outputs high level through the digital output port B to drive the triode C to be conducted, so that the bus level becomes low level, thereby occupying the busy line, and starting a transmitting program to report data. After the data is reported, the MCU immediately restores the digital output port B to be low level, so that the triode C is in a cut-off state, and the RS485 bus restores to be high level so as to be used by other lower computers. If a plurality of lower computers wait for sending data, the user can preempt busy line use right and report the data. Compared with the traditional method, the method has the advantages that the data coding and the frame header processing are simpler and more stable for each lower computer, and the reliability of a control system is improved.
As shown in fig. 13, the identification unit 4 of the present invention is one or a combination of several of the radio frequency card identification module 71, the fingerprint identification module 72, the face identification module 73 and the iris identification module 74, and adopts various identification modes to facilitate the user, and to cope with the defect that the radio frequency card is lost or the fingerprint identification cannot be performed when the user forgets to take the radio frequency card or the hands of the user are dirty, so as to satisfy the application of various occasions and special people.
As shown in fig. 14, several distribution cabinets 83 interconnected via a wireless lan may form an intelligent material management system. Each distribution cabinet 83 is operated and used, the state of the quantity of materials on the cabinet and other cabinets can be inquired through the tablet personal computer 5 on each cabinet, and a manager can also scan the data of each distribution cabinet 83 in real time through the terminal equipment 82 in the wireless local area network, collect and summarize the data uniformly, and manage and process the data. In addition, through APP software, a user can key in the number of the distribution cabinet 83 on the handheld mobile terminal device to perform multi-condition classification fine query.
The main functions and operation steps of the distribution cabinet are described in detail below:
1. personnel identity recognition and electronic bill management.
The upper computer of the starting device enters the system operation interface. The identity of the operator is firstly identified through the identity identification unit, and the operation authority of the operator for material access is confirmed. And the subsequent material access operation will form the personal electronic bill and file.
2. Material warehouse-in
1) Establishing a specification list: on a system operation interface, distributing the type of the material drawer which is suitable for the size of the warehouse-in material, and inputting information such as material names, specifications, units, replenishment prompt quantity, remarks and the like. The material drawers are currently divided into three types of large, medium and small according to the size so as to adapt to materials with different specifications.
2) The materials are put in storage for the first time: clicking a calibration button corresponding to the material specification on an operation interface of the system, enabling a corresponding material drawer to enter a calibration mode, collecting the weight of the drawer and memorizing the weight; inputting the quantity of materials to be put in storage on an operation interface, confirming, and automatically opening a drawer; and after the materials with the quantity are put into the drawer, the drawer is closed, and the calibration is completed.
3) And (3) daily material warehouse entry: clicking an opening button corresponding to the material specification on an operation interface of the system, automatically flicking a corresponding material drawer, and immediately displaying the quantity of the existing materials by a nixie tube; directly storing the materials, wherein the number of the materials on the nixie tube is increased by one when one material is stored; closing the material drawer, the amount of material will remain displayed for 15 seconds and then extinguish.
3. Material warehouse-out
Clicking an opening button corresponding to the material specification on an operation interface of the system, automatically flicking a corresponding material drawer, and immediately displaying the quantity of the existing materials by a nixie tube; the material is directly taken, and the number of the materials on the nixie tube is reduced by one when one material is taken; closing the material drawer, the amount of material will remain displayed for 15 seconds and then extinguish.
4. Inventory query and remote data management
A user can conveniently inquire the existing quantity of materials in the cabinet body from a list of a system interface, and meanwhile, the bill of materials is shared in a local area network (or the Internet) through wireless Wi-Fi, so that remote data collection and analysis are convenient.
5. Low material quantity warning
When the quantity of the materials in the drawer reaches the quantity of the replenishment prompts and below, replenishment prompt information is sent out to the materials with the specification on a system interface.
According to the invention, the electronic control lock is started based on a weighing principle and automatic identification and authority management, and is controlled by a touch screen computer visual interface in a real-time single machine, so that the materials and parts in the material distribution cabinets are finely managed, the in-out warehouse summarizing and the replenishment reminding are automatically formed, and a plurality of distribution cabinets are communicated through a network of a local area network, so that the unified summarizing and data management of a server terminal is realized, and the modernization and fine management of the materials and the parts are facilitated.