Background technique
When carrying out orthopaedic trauma fractures, three reset, fixation, healing key steps are generally divided into, and are fixed thenIt is the link of forming a connecting link resetted with healing, good fixation not only consolidates reset effect, can also promote healing rate and quality,Simultaneously also have analgesic, mitigate the wounded pain, prevent the condition of the injury aggravate, protection wound, prevent infection, convenient for patient transport etc. it is manyBeneficial effect.
Current more common fracture fixation mode is mostly that clamping plate grips method, and this method is although easy to accomplish, but rightOperation when fixed is more demanding, and under normal circumstances, skeleton is not absolute straight line or well-regulated curve-like, is with shin boneExample, though it is on the whole rodlike strip, not neat linear extension, there are different degrees of protruding parts, and twoThere is joint at end；Therefore in fixed tibial, clamping plate length is required to match with limbs length first, is in addition for bony prominencePosition will carry out cushioning operation appropriate, and to have prevented Hanging sectionally the case where causes unbalance stress to keep fracture site mobile in patientWhen generate different degrees of dislocation, but it is excessive easily to occur cushioning position stress in cushioning operating process, also results in stressUneven situation, thus it is more demanding to the profession of operator.
For above situation, there are also a kind of exter-nal fixer for being specifically used to carry out fracture fixation, exter-nal fixers at presentIt is the external steelframe being assembled by collet and steel pipe, can be with support bones, correction bone occurs each in agglutinationKind displacement；But this fixator preferably fixes and supports effect to reach, it is solid using being drilled and being penetrated to boneThe mode of fixed pole is fixed, and brings unnecessary wound to patient, increases infection risk.
Summary of the invention
For above situation, to make up technical deficiency present in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of for tibial boneThe post-surgery fixing device of folding, to solve the problems, such as to be not easy in a manner of existing fracture fixation fixed or increase wound.
Its technical solution solved is: including horizontally disposed fixed plate, being equipped in fixed plate can control in fixed plateMultiple gears of rotation, multiple gears are distributed along the length direction of fixed plate, on gear equipped with gear coaxial arrangement and can beThe screw rod slid back and forth on gear has the threaded hole to match with screw rod in fixed plate, and screw rod is connect through threaded hole with fixed plate,Constitute gear rotation when, screw rod with gear simultaneously rotate and generate screw-driven between threaded hole, make screw rod on gear beforeThe structure slided afterwards；
The fixed plate is equipped with multiple the vertical chutes that gear rear is corresponded and be placed in gear, the vertical chuteIt is connected to threaded hole, the vertical chute is provided with the sliding block that can slide up and down, and has in the vertical chute and is placed in vertically setting above sliding blockThe spring set constitutes structure of the sliding block through spring slide downward in the vertical chute；
The lower end of the sliding block is equipped with the compression semi-ring being placed in below fixed plate, compresses between semi-ring and sliding block through sphereIt is hinged and connected；On sliding block be equipped with vertically arranged compression bar, the lower part of compression bar with sliding block through being threadedly coupled, when compression bar is through screw-drivenAnd when moving down, the lower end of compression bar can be contacted with sphere；On sliding block equipped with compression bar coaxial arrangement and can on sliding block levelThe top of the turntable of rotation, turntable and compression bar slides vertically connection, equipped with the torsional spring being placed in above turntable on sliding block, the two of torsional springEnd is connected with sliding block and turntable respectively, constitutes the structure that turntable rotates on sliding block through the torsion of torsional spring；
Equipped with the push rod that is placed in the top of turntable and can slide back and forth on sliding block on the sliding block, the front end of push rod is setIn there is the vertically arranged guide rod being placed in below push rod in threaded hole, on push rod, turntable is equipped with the spiral of vertically communicated turntableThrough slot, guide rod are placed in spiral through slot, constitute push rod when sliding to the right on sliding block, guidance of the turntable through guide rod Yu spiral through slotAnd generate the structure of rotation；
Equipped with the rack gear that can be slided along fixed plate length direction in the fixed plate, rack gear can be meshed with gear.
Convenient for fixing, general medical staff can operate the present invention, and will not increase to patient after fixing need notThe wound wanted also need not carry out drilling operation to shin bone, alleviate the physical pain of patient, avoid infection brought by woundRisk.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail.
It is provided by Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, the present invention includes horizontally disposed fixed plate 1, and being equipped in fixed plate 1 can be in fixed plate 1Multiple gears 2 of left-right rotation, multiple gears 2 are distributed along the length direction of fixed plate 1, are equipped on gear 2 and coaxially set with gear 2The screw rod 3 set and can slid back and forth on gear 2 has the threaded hole 4 to match with screw rod 3 in fixed plate 1, and screw rod 3 is through screw threadHole 4 is connect with fixed plate 1, and when constituting the rotation of gear 2, screw rod 3 rotates simultaneously with gear 2 and generates screw thread between threaded hole 4Transmission, the structure for sliding back and forth screw rod 3 on gear 2；
The fixed plate 1 is equipped with multiple the vertical chutes 5 that 2 rear of gear is corresponded and be placed in gear 2, verticallySliding slot 5 is connected to threaded hole 4, and the vertical chute 5 is provided with the sliding block 6 that can slide up and down, and is placed on sliding block 6 in the vertical chute 5The vertically arranged spring 7 of side constitutes structure of the sliding block 6 through the slide downward in the vertical chute 5 of spring 7；
The lower end of the sliding block 6 is equipped with the compression semi-ring 8 for being placed in 1 lower section of fixed plate, compresses between semi-ring 8 and sliding block 6It is hinged and connected through sphere 9；On sliding block 6 be equipped with vertically arranged compression bar 10, the lower part of compression bar 10 with sliding block 6 through being threadedly coupled, whenThrough screw-driven and when moving down, the lower end of compression bar 10 can contact compression bar 10 with sphere 9；Equipped with same with compression bar 10 on sliding block 6The turntable 11 that axis is arranged and can horizontally rotate on sliding block 6, turntable 11 slides vertically with the top of compression bar 10 and connect, on sliding block 6Equipped with the torsional spring 12 for being placed in 11 top of turntable, the both ends of torsional spring 12 are connected with sliding block 6 and turntable 11 respectively, constitute turntable 11 and pass throughThe structure that the torsion of torsional spring 12 rotates on sliding block 6；
Equipped with the push rod 13 that is placed in the top of turntable 11 and can be slid back and forth on sliding block 6, push rod 13 on the sliding block 6Front end be placed in threaded hole 5, have the vertically arranged guide rod 14 for being placed in the lower section of push rod 13 on push rod 13, turntable 11 is equipped with perpendicularTo the spiral through slot 15 of perforation turntable 11, guide rod 14 is placed in spiral through slot 15, is constituted push rod 13 and is slided to the right on sliding block 6When, guidance of the turntable 11 through guide rod 14 and spiral through slot 15 and the structure for generating rotation；
Equipped with the rack gear 16 that can be slided along 1 length direction of fixed plate in the fixed plate 1, rack gear 16 can be with 2 phase of gearEngagement.
In order to make the present invention reach better locating effect, the rack gear 16 when being slided in fixed plate 1, rack gear 16 withMultiple gears 2 successively engage；It, can be in position fixing process according to each pressure by successively engaging for rack gear 16 and multiple gears 2Tight semi-ring 8 carries out manual fine-tuning to compression semi-ring 8 not in place is bonded with the situation that is bonded of shin bone.
In order to make the present invention reach better locating effect, the rack gear 16 when being slided in fixed plate 1, rack gear 16 withMultiple gears 2 engage simultaneously；Due to multiple gears 2 rotate synchronously, can according to the actual situation the stopping to rack gear 16 intoRow manually controls, to ensure that sliding block 6 and sphere 9 are reliably fixed in current location.
Reach preferably fitting effect to make to compress semi-ring 8, the silicon being arranged below is housed on the compression semi-ring 8Glue-line 17.
In order to make the present invention reach easily binding effect, it is hinged on the sliding block 6 before being respectively placed in sliding block 6Two adhesive tape buttons 18 of two sides afterwards.
In order to make gear 2 and screw rod 3 reach better sliding effect, the screw rod 3 is equipped with two opposing upper and lowerSection, there is binding face corresponding with section on gear 2, section be bonded face contact.
Then the present invention puts the present invention to the shin bone resetted in use, first reset the shin bone of patientSide keeps the length direction of fixed plate 1 consistent with the length direction of shin bone, and the mobile present invention connects layer of silica gel 17 with front side of shin boneTouching compresses semi-ring 8 according to the tibia sites contacted and carries out automatic rotation with suitable at this time under the universal rotational effect of sphere 9Answer the shape of shin bone；It keeps patient's shin bone to be in engagement state and press lightly on fixed plate 1 to shin bone direction, compresses semi-ring at this time8 by shin bone resistance and push sliding block 6 to 1 direction of fixed plate slide, according to the flatness of shin bone different parts, multiple sliding blocks6 corresponding displacement is slipped in fixed plate 1 after stop, under the elastic force effect of spring 7, sliding block 6 compresses on semi-ring 8 after stoppingLayer of silica gel 17 always with tibia contact；When multiple compression semi-rings 8 are completed with shin bone after fitting all in accordance with the position corresponding to it,Stop pressing fixed plate 1, at this point, since the distance of each sliding block 6 sliding is not quite similar, the pressure of the corresponding spring 7 of sliding block 6Contracting distance is also not exactly the same, therefore the elastic force that multiple springs 7 provide is different, at this time as directly carried out bundling operation, can make shin boneEach position unbalance stress is also easy to produce dislocation after fixed for a long time, therefore sliding block 6 should be made to be located in current location at this time, and by ballBody 9 is fixed to ensure that multiple compression semi-rings 8 and fixed plate 1 become an entirety of adaptation patient's Tibial shape, then carries outBundling operation, according to the different set of rack gear 16, positioning operation is divided into following two situation:
A) when sliding in fixed plate 1, rack gear 16 successively engages rack gear 16 with multiple gears 2: sliding rack 16 makes at this timeIt slides into the other end from one end of fixed plate 1, since 16 number of teeth of rack gear is fixed, in its sliding process, and multiple gears 2It is successively engaged with rack gear 16, and the circle number that multiple gears 2 rotate is identical；When gear 2 rotates, screw rod 3 and gear 2 are simultaneouslyRotation, while worm drive are generated between screw rod 3 and threaded hole 4 slides screw rod 3 to 6 direction of sliding block, when rack gear 16 and gear 2Engagement after, gear 2 stops operating with screw rod 3, and the extruding of screw rod 3 and sliding block 6 contacts, and sliding block 6 is fixed on current locationAnd it can not slide up and down；Simultaneously as push rod 13 is placed in threaded hole 4, after screw rod 3, which is moved to, to be contacted with push rod 13, withThe continuous movement of screw rod 3, push rod 13 generates under the promotion of screw rod 3 slides and drives guide rod 14 while movement, and turntable 11 is through leadingThe guidance of bar 14 and spiral through slot 15 and generate rotation；When turntable 11 rotates, compression bar 10 rotates simultaneously therewith, the rotation of compression bar 10So that compression bar 10 is generated downward movement through the screw-driven between its underpart and sliding block 6, when screw rod 3 stop after, compression bar 10 toUnder be moved to the lower end of compression bar 10 and contacted with the extruding of sphere 9, sphere 9 is fixed on current state and can not rotate；
B) when sliding in fixed plate 1, rack gear 16 engages rack gear 16 simultaneously with multiple gears 2: at this time in sliding rack 16Sliding process in, multiple gears 2 engage simultaneously with rack gear 16, thus multiple gears 2 rotate synchronously；When gear 2 rotatesWhen, screw rod 3 rotates simultaneously with gear 2, while worm drive are generated between screw rod 3 and threaded hole 4 makes screw rod 3 to 6 direction of sliding blockSliding, after the engaging of rack gear 16 and gear 2, gear 2 stops operating with screw rod 3, and screw rod 3 is squeezed with sliding block 6 and contacted, cunningBlock 6 is fixed on current location and can not slide up and down；Simultaneously as push rod 13 is placed in threaded hole 4, when screw rod 3 is moved toAfter contacting with push rod 13, with the continuous movement of screw rod 3, push rod 13 generates under the promotion of screw rod 3 to be slided and drives guide rod 14It is mobile simultaneously, guidance of the turntable 11 through guide rod 14 and spiral through slot 15 and generate rotation；When turntable 11 rotates, compression bar 10 is same therewithWhen rotate, the rotation of compression bar 10 makes compression bar 10 generate downward movement through the screw-driven between its underpart and sliding block 6, works as spiral shellAfter bar 3 stops, compression bar 10, which is moved downward to the lower end of compression bar 10 and squeezes with sphere 9, to be contacted, sphere 9 be fixed on current state andIt can not rotate；
After sliding block 6 and sphere 9 are fixed, due to the self-locking of threaded connection, when not influenced by external force, screw rod 3Movement will not be generated with compression bar 10, fixed plate 1 and multiple compression semi-rings 8 be connected as an entirety and with the Tibial shape phase of patientMatching.
It after the completion of above-mentioned positioning operation, is kept fixed that plate 1 is constant in current location, utilizes the adhesive tape button 18 of 6 two sides of sliding blockThe present invention is bundled on patient's shank to complete shin bone fixed operation；Since fixed plate 1 and multiple compression semi-rings 8 are connected as oneA entirety, and the position of sliding block 6 is locked, therefore the elastic force of spring 7 will not act on patient's through sliding block 6 and compression semi-ring 8On shin bone, and after the completion of binding, power caused by the binding of the corresponding adhesive tape button 18 of each sliding block 6 passes through entirety dispersionIt is transferred on patient's shin bone, the situation of local pressure unevenness will not be generated, have for the holding of shin bone reset state preferableProtecting effect.
At the end of use of the present invention, adhesive tape button 18 is unclamped, the binding force between the present invention and shin bone disappears, and can incite somebody to action at this timeThe present invention removes；Should carry out reset operation after removing: to above-mentioned opposite direction sliding rack 16, gear 2 is nibbled through rack gear 16Close and rotate backward, screw rod 3 therewith rotate backward and screw-driven through threaded hole 4 and slided to 2 direction of gear, screw rod 3 withSliding block 6 separates, and under the elastic force effect of spring 7, sliding block 6 resets downwards pop-up；Simultaneously as the twisting force of torsional spring 12, turnsDisk 11 does reset rotation, guidance of the push rod 13 through guide rod 14 and screw thread through slot 15 and slided to 3 direction of screw rod, and compression bar 10 is with turningDisk 11 does reset and rotates and compression bar 10 is made to generate upward movement through the screw-driven between its underpart and sliding block 6, compression bar 10Lower end separated with sphere 9, compress semi-ring 8 be in active state, when rack gear 16 slide stop after, complete reset operation, so as toIn reusing.
Structure of the invention is ingenious, easy to operate, sphere hingedly and sliding block sliding synergy under, compress semi-ring according toThe shape of patient's shin bone and generate rotation and offset and finally fit with patient's shin bone, eliminate cushioning operation, simplify solidDetermine step；Meanwhile after matching with the completion of patient's shin bone, sliding block and compression semi-ring can be fixed on current state by sliding rackIt is set to become an entirety with fixed plate, to ensure that the elastic force of spring will not act on shin bone, and different parts after bindingSeizing force is transferred on shin bone through fixed plate dispersion, it is not necessary to worry that local pressure unevenness causes junction to generate dislocation.
Compared to currently used fixing means, the present invention not only easily facilitates fixation, general medical staffIt is operated, and unnecessary wound will not be increased to patient after fixing, need not also carried out drilling operation to shin bone, alleviate troubleThe physical pain of person avoids infection risk brought by wound.