The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned the shortcomings of the prior art, and proposes a kind of adaptiveCharging circuit can carry out the adjustment of charging voltage automatically according to the charging current of charging load, so as to meet different charging voltagesCharging load can be carried out charging demand, solve to be charged for the portable lamp or electrical equipment of different sizeCompatibility issue, mitigate the carrying burden of user.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a kind of adaptive charging circuit, including for by the work of inputVoltage conversion is the charging control unit of output voltage, and for providing the generating of operating voltage for the charging control unitUnit；Also include：The voltage adaptive unit being connected with the charging control unit, for the charging current according to charging portTo adjust the output voltage of the charging control unit.
Preferably, the charging control unit, including：Management module and voltage setting module；
The management module is connected by energization input with the generator unit, the work that the generator unit is inputtedVoltage processing is normal voltage；
The voltage setting module, it is connected respectively with the management module and the voltage adaptive unit, by described inStandard output voltage forms the output voltage after carrying out transformation and is output to the charging port.
Preferably, the voltage adaptive unit, including：Current detection module and handover module；
The current detection module is connected between the charging port and the handover module, detects the charging in real timeThe charged state of port, and control the handover module to work according to the charged state；
The handover module is connected between the current detection module and the voltage setting module, different by switchingResistance value the voltage setting module is exported the output voltage of different magnitudes of voltage.
Preferably, the charging control unit also includes：Anti reverse module and current settings module；The Anti reverse moduleIt is connected with the management module, for preventing the electrode of the charging load from reversely accessing；The current settings module with it is describedManagement module connects, for controlling the electric current of the management module output.
Preferably, the voltage setting module is provided with the 6th resistant series and born at the current sampling end of the management moduleBetween pole and normal voltage output end；The 7th resistant series are additionally provided between normal voltage output end and ground wire；
The current settings module is by the 4th resistance after parallel connection and the 5th resistant series described in the management moduleCurrent sampling end negative pole and current sampling are rectified between pole；
The 5th diode cathode that the Anti reverse module is set and the current sampling end negative pole of the management module connectConnect, the negative pole of the 5th diode is connected with the positive pole of the charging port；
The management module is provided with：External inductance end pole is rectified by current sampling described in the first inductance connection；It is describedCurrent sampling rectifies pole and passes through the 9th nonpolar capacity earth；The positive pole of 8th polar capacitor is rectified pole with the current sampling and connectedConnect, the negative pole ground connection of the 8th polar capacitor；3rd resistor and seventh non-pole of the external inductors end by sequential seriesProperty capacity earth；The negative pole of 4th diode connects the external inductors end, the plus earth of the 4th diode；4th is non-Polar capacitor both ends connect the external inductors end and upper tube drive end respectively；
The management module is additionally provided with：Compensating end is connect by the first resistor and the 3rd nonpolar electric capacity of sequential seriesGround, proportional integration regulation is carried out to the frequency domain in management module to reach, stablizes the internal loop of the management module.
The management module is additionally provided with ground terminal and is grounded.
Preferably, the current detection module is provided with：First comparator, the forward end of the first comparator pass throughTen resistance eutral groundings；The backward end of the first comparator connects the negative pole of the charging port, and passes through the 9th resistance eutral grounding；InstituteThe delivery outlet for stating first comparator connects the positive pole of the 11st polar capacitor by the 12nd resistance, and the 11st electric capacity is bornPole is grounded；
The handover module is provided with；The 8th resistance being connected with the normal voltage output end, the 8th resistanceThe other end connects the anode of controllable silicon, the minus earth of the controllable silicon；The control pole of the controllable silicon and the 11st poleProperty electric capacity positive pole connection；When the delivery outlet of first comparator exports high level, the controlled silicon conducting, the 8th resistanceParallel connection is formed with the 7th resistance.
Preferably, the adaptive charging circuit also includes：
Reference voltage unit, it is connected with the generator unit, for voltage on the basis of the operating voltage is handled；The baseQuasi- voltage cell is provided with adjusting module, and the input of the adjusting module connects the work of the generator unit by second resistanceMake voltage output end；The positive pole of 5th polar capacitor is connected with the input, the negative pole ground connection of the 5th polar capacitor；SextupoleProperty electric capacity positive pole be connected with the reference voltage output end of the adjusting module, the negative pole of the 6th polar capacitor ground connection；The baseQuasi- voltage output end is connected by the 11st resistance with the forward end of the first comparator.
Preferably, the adaptive charging circuit also includes：
Charge indicating member；The charging indicating member is provided with the positive pole that the 13rd resistance is connected to the charging portBetween light emitting diode positive pole, the negative pole of the light emitting diode is connected with the negative pole of the charging port, for when describedPhotoelectricity instruction is provided when charging port is charged.
Preferably, the generator unit is hand generator.
Compared with prior art, adaptive charging circuit of the invention, by setting voltage adaptive unit to loadCharging current carries out sampling judgement, when charging current is too small, adjusts the corresponding electricity of voltage setting module in charging control unitResistance is hindered, improves output voltage to meet to load actual charge requirement.Can meet current most of portable lamps or itsThe Charging Specification of his electrical equipment, that is, inserting and fill, it is not necessary to user carries out gear selection, meanwhile, also eliminated for charging deviceSpace needed for driving switch is set, the burden of user is alleviated while emergent occasion charge requirement is met.
Embodiment
In order to further illustrate the principle and structure of the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are entered in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1-6Row describes in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of adaptive charging circuit, including for the operating voltage of input to be converted into output voltageCharging control unit, and for providing the generator unit of operating voltage for charging control unit；Also include：With charge controlThe voltage adaptive unit of unit connection, the output of charging control unit electricity is adjusted for the charging current according to charging portPressure.When the charging current for detecting charging port is too small or without when, that is, think that existing charging voltage is less than charging loadNominal charging voltage, voltage adaptive unit adjusts corresponding pressure limiting resistance value to cause the output voltage of charging control unitRise, such as the resistance value of a part of divider resistance in series circuit is reduced to lift the voltage of another part, or directlyConnect to improve in series circuit and correspond to corresponding resistor resistance of output voltage etc., and then meet the charging requirement of present load.
As shown in Figure 2 in the present embodiment, charging control unit, including：Management module U1 and voltage setting module 2；Management module U1 is connected by energization input VCC with generator unit, is standard by the operating voltage processing of generator unit inputVoltage；Preferably, charging control unit is using CX8519 decompression chips, to guarantee it is exported on the premise of constant currentNormal voltage is adjusted again.Can also use other decompression chip, as AN6533 constant-current decompressions chip or other, do not do hereinLimitation.
Voltage setting module 2, it is connected respectively with management module U1 and voltage adaptive unit, standard output voltage is led toCross and form output voltage after series resistance carries out partial pressure and be output to charging port.
In other embodiments, voltage setting module can also be formed in the form of normal voltage to be accessed to adjustable resistance2, the size of output voltage is determined according to the difference of selection resistance.
As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, voltage adaptive unit, including：Current detection module 4 and handover module5；
Current detection module 4 is connected between charging port and handover module 5, detects the charging shape of charging port in real timeState, and control handover module 5 to work according to the charged state；Specifically, when the positive and negative electrode of charging port accesses charging loadWhen, if output voltage is more than or equal to the charging voltage of load, charging port necessarily leads to electric current, if conversely, electric current mistakeIt is small or do not have, then illustrate that output voltage is too low, it is necessary to heighten.
Handover module 5 is connected between current detection module 4 and voltage setting module 2, by switching different resistance valuesTo make voltage setting module 2 export the output voltage of different magnitudes of voltage.To meet the corresponding charging voltage of the charging load of access.
As shown in Figure 2, in a preferred embodiment, charging control unit can also include：Anti reverse module 3 and electric currentSetting module 1；Anti reverse module 3 is connected with management module U1, for preventing the electrode of charging load from reversely accessing, avoids chargingLoad overdischarge and adaptive charging circuit are reversed the risk of breakdown.Meanwhile current settings module 1 and management module U1 connectsConnect, be a steady state value set for controlling the electric current that management module U1 is exported, built to adjust the scheme of voltage by resistanceNecessary basis is stood, also allows for the apolegamy of the respective resistivity values of corresponding different output voltage values.
As shown in Figure 3, in specific charging control unit circuit, voltage setting module 2 is provided with the 6th resistance R6It is connected between management module U1 current sampling end negative pole ISEN- and normal voltage output end；It is additionally provided with the 7th resistance R7It is connected between normal voltage output end and ground wire；It is easy to the constant current setting the six, the 7th exported according to current sampling endResistance R7 respective resistivity values.Current sampling end negative pole ISEN- is also grounded by the tenth nonpolar electric capacity C10.
The electric current that the 4th resistance R4 after parallel connection and the 5th resistance R5 are connected on management module U1 by current settings module 1 takesSample end negative pole ISEN- and current sampling are rectified between the ISEN+ of pole；Adjusted by the resistance value of parallel connection, you can obtain respective strengthsElectric current.
The 5th diode D5 positive poles that Anti reverse module 3 is set are connected with management module U1 current sampling end negative pole ISEN-,5th diode D5 negative pole and the positive pole of charging port connect；Loaded when avoiding the positive pole of charging port from accessing the negative pole of loadBattery over-discharge cause damage.
Management module U1 is provided with：External inductance end LX rectifies pole ISEN+ by the first inductance L1 connections current sampling；ElectricitySampling end positive pole ISEN+ is flowed to be grounded by the 9th nonpolar electric capacity C9；8th polar capacitor C8 positive pole is rectified with current samplingPole ISEN+ connections, the 8th polar capacitor C8 negative pole ground connection；External inductors end passes through the 3rd resistor R3 of sequential series and the 7thNonpolar electric capacity C7 ground connection；4th diode D4 negative pole connection external inductors end, the 4th diode D4 plus earth；4thNonpolar electric capacity C4 both ends connect external inductors end and upper tube drive end BST respectively；To ensure that management module U1 uses CX8519During chip, its normal voltage exported is stable.
Management module U1 is additionally provided with：Compensating end COMP/EN is nonpolar by the first resistor R1 of sequential series and the 3rdElectric capacity C3 is grounded, and earth terminal GND is directly grounded, and proportional integration regulation is carried out to the frequency domain in management module U1 to reach,Stable management module U1 internal loop.
Management module U1 is additionally provided with ground terminal and is grounded.
As shown in Figure 4, in the present embodiment, the circuit of current detection module 4 is specifically provided with：First comparator U3,First comparator U3 forward end is grounded by the tenth resistance R10；First comparator U3 backward end connection charging port is bornPole, and be grounded by the 9th resistance R9；First comparator U3 delivery outlet passes through the polarity of the 12nd resistance R12 connections the 11st electricityHold C11 positive pole, the negative pole ground connection of the 11st electric capacity；It is pointed out that as a kind of voltage output using 5v and 9v as baseThe transformation scheme of this selection, first comparator U3 forward end have also accessed the 5v reference voltages from reference voltage unit, lead toCross substantially 0.1v after the 11st resistance R11 is depressured.As the comparison with backward end input voltage.In general, work as backward endInput voltage when being less than 0.1v, basic explanation charging port does not have charging current or charging current very little, then first comparesDevice U3 delivery outlets produce high level signal, and instruction output voltage needs to improve.If conversely, first comparator U3 backward end inputVoltage when being more than 0.1v, it can be load charging to illustrate existing output voltage, without improving output voltage.
Scheme that is individual in other embodiments, can also being charged with 9v, 15v equal-specification, to the corresponding electricity in circuitResistance is adjusted, and is not limited herein.
As shown in Figure 4, handover module 5 is provided with；The 8th resistance R8 being connected with normal voltage output end, the 8th resistanceR8 other end connection controllable silicon Q1 anode, controllable silicon Q1 minus earth；Controllable silicon Q1 control pole and the 11st polarityElectric capacity C11 positive pole connection；When first comparator U3 delivery outlet exports high level, controllable silicon Q1 conductings, the 8th resistance R8Parallel connection is formed with the 7th resistance R7, reduces the grounding resistance for normal voltage of knowing clearly so that output voltage raises, and meets adaptiveAnswer the requirement of unit lifting output voltage.
In other embodiments, the scheme of output voltage values can also be improved by the way of adjustable resistance is adjusted,This is not limited.
As shown in Figure 5, in the present embodiment, adaptive charging circuit also includes reference voltage unit, and it is single with generating electricityMember connection, for voltage on the basis of operating voltage is handled；The reference voltage unit is provided with adjusting module U2, adjusting module U2The input operating voltage output end that passes through second resistance R2 connection generator units；5th polar capacitor C5 positive pole and inputEnd connection, the 5th polar capacitor C5 negative pole ground connection；The reference voltage of 6th polar capacitor C6 positive pole and adjusting module U2 is defeatedGo out end connection, the 6th polar capacitor C6 negative pole ground connection；Reference voltage output end passes through the 11st resistance R11 and first comparatorU3 forward end connection, a stable benchmark is improved for first comparator U3.
As shown in Figure 6, in a preferred embodiment, adaptive charging circuit also includes：
Charge indicating member；Charging indicating member is provided with positive pole and hair that the 13rd resistance R13 is connected to charging portBetween optical diode LED positive poles, the negative pole of LED and the negative pole of charging port connect, for entering when charging portPhotoelectricity instruction is provided during row charging, user is got information about the load of its access can charge normal.
In a preferred embodiment, generator unit is hand generator, be easy under emergency conditions can be in good time for justTake formula light fixture or corresponding electrical equipment is powered.
Below according to accompanying drawing 3- accompanying drawings 6 and corresponding parameter is combined to a preferred embodiment of the present invention and its work originalReason is described in detail.
The common circuit that different voltages are exported by switching switch, for different products, user can not be trueThe voltage specification for knowing that the product should charge is cut, therefore even if there is switch switching circuit, still can not know that gear is fittedConjunction is charged, and is caused to be inconvenient to use or can not be charged.Circuit of the present invention by detecting the charging current of charging port, fromThe battery specifications grade of dynamic identification charging load, and automatically switch on corresponding charging voltage gear, brought very to useBig facility.
As shown in Figure 3, in the physical circuit of charging control unit, 1 is current setting circuit, and calculation formula is Iout=0.115/Rcs, output current Iout is determined by setting Rcs.R6 and R7 in 2 are voltage setting circuits, output voltage benchmarkVFB=1.2V, output voltage Vout=1.2* (1+R6/R7).Diode in 3 plays a part of preventing from loading reversal connection.
As shown in Figure 4, in the physical circuit of voltage adaptive unit, the charging current of battery is detected by resistance R9,When the reverse input end voltage for detecting U3 is more than 0.1V, show that connecing load battery has charging, first comparator U3 letterNumber output end output low level, controls in handover module 5 Q1 controllable silicon Q1 circuits to be not turned on.When detecting first comparator U3The voltage of reverse input end be less than 0.1V, show that connecing load battery does not charge, then output voltage grade is less than normal at present,Can not activated batteries.Now the signal output part of the first comparator U3 in accompanying drawing 4 exports control of the high level to controllable silicon Q1Pole, driving controllable silicon Q1 negative electrode are turned on anode, and resistance R8 is connected to the ground.R8 is in parallel with the R7 in accompanying drawing 3, by output voltageThe lower end resistance value of dividing point drags down, because reference point voltage VFB is that 1.2V is constant, therefore output voltage Vout increases.
Accompanying drawing 5 is the physical circuit of reference voltage unit, and it is used to export+5V reference voltages are given in accompanying drawing 4 firstThe reference voltage that comparator U3 positive input power supply and offer is compared.
Accompanying drawing 6 is charging indicator light display circuit, and when charging normal, indicator lamp is bright, is referred to when faulty or when not chargingShow that lamp does not work.
The embodiment that 5v and 9v is preset as with output voltage further illustrates operation principle of the invention.With reference to correspondingAfter setup parameter, as shown in Figure 3, if desired setting management module U1, it exports charging current Iout=0.85A, then Rcs=0.115V/0.85A=0.135 ohms, i.e., when voltage is 0.115V, the parallel resistance value in current settings module 1 is 0.135Ohm.The initial output voltage of charging control unit is set into 5V, the standard electric exported due to management module U1 normal end FBPress VFB=1.2V, then output voltage Vout=1.2* (1+R6/R7)=5, set R7=9.1K, then R6=30K.
If detecting that the voltage of the reverse input end of the first comparator U3 in now accompanying drawing 4 is more than 0.1V, show thisWhen charging port between battery there is charging current to flow through, 5V charging voltage grades are correct.If now detect firstThe voltage of comparator U3 reverse input end is less than 0.1V, illustrates that loading battery during 5V voltages does not activate (i.e. charging port twoThe actual charging voltage at end is less than the required charging voltage of load), no charging current produces.Now first comparator U3 letterNumber output end exports control pole of the high level to controllable silicon Q1, driving controllable silicon Q1 negative electrode and anode conducting, meets resistance R8Ground, formed and form parallel circuit with the resistance R7 in accompanying drawing 3, take R8=9K, R7=9.1K, then R7//R8=4.52K, it is now defeatedGo out voltage Vout=1.2* [1+R6/ (R7//R8)]=9.2V, now output voltage is 9V voltage class, reactivates charging.Due to the controllable silicon Q1 turn-off function that is not easy, therefore conducting state is will always be in, unless outside is stopped power supply.Pass through accompanying drawing 6Charging indicating member, when being supported on charged state, LED light can Chang Liang, show that charging is normal.
Scheme that is individual in other embodiments, can also being charged with 9v, 15v, 36v equal-specification, to the phase in circuitAnswer resistance value to be adjusted, do not limit herein.
Compared with prior art, adaptive charging circuit of the invention, by having accessed voltage certainly for charging control unitAdaptation unit so that sampling judgement can be carried out to the charging current of load, when charging current is too small, adjust charge control listThe corresponding resistor resistance of voltage setting module in member, output voltage is improved to meet to load actual charge requirement.Make the present invention canTo realize being to insert to fill, it is not necessary to which user carries out the function of gear selection so that the present invention can be for different charging voltages justTake formula light fixture or electrical equipment is charged, extend its working time.Meanwhile also eliminated for charging device and set gear to openSpace needed for closing, the burden of user is alleviated while emergent occasion charge requirement is met.
The preferable possible embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not limited the scope of the invention.It is all to use thisEquivalent structure change made by description of the invention and accompanying drawing content, is all contained in protection scope of the present invention.