CN107346292B - Server system and computer-implemented method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

服务器系统及其计算机实现的方法。本发明的各种实施例提供结合有交换卡和转接卡的服务器系统来提供弹性的硬盘(HDD)和固态硬盘(SSD)的支持的系统和方法。更具体来说，一服务器系统包括具有至少两种不同类型的接口(例如：一串行连接小型计算机系统接口(Serial Attached SCSI，SAS接口)、一串行ATA(Serial ATA，SATA)接口或一快速周边组件互连(Peripheral Component Interconnect Express，PCIe)接口)的交换卡以及一个包括第一中央处理单元(CPU)以及第二中央处理单元的控制器。第一中央处理单元连接至一第一转接卡，而第二中央处理单元连接至一第二转接卡。第一转接卡以及第二转接卡耦接于服务器系统的交换卡。

Server system and computer-implemented method thereof. Various embodiments of the present invention provide a server system incorporating a switch card and an adapter card to provide a system and method for flexible hard disk drive (HDD) and solid state drive (SSD) support. More specifically, a server system includes a switch card having at least two different types of interfaces (e.g., a Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) interface, a Serial ATA (SATA) interface, or a Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) interface) and a controller including a first central processing unit (CPU) and a second central processing unit. The first central processing unit is connected to a first adapter card, and the second central processing unit is connected to a second adapter card. The first adapter card and the second adapter card are coupled to the switch card of the server system.

Description

Translated fromChinese

服务器系统及其计算机实现的方法Server system and computer-implemented method thereof

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及在电信网络中的硬盘(HDD)以及固态硬盘(SSD)的弹性支持。The present invention relates to resilient support of hard disk drives (HDD) and solid state drives (SSD) in telecommunication networks.

背景技术Background technique

现代的服务器群(server farm)或数据中心通常采用大量的服务器来负责处理各种应用服务的处理需求。每个服务器处理多种操作并且需要一某种程度的存储容量以维持这些操作。其中的一些操作是关键的并且可能容易遇到系统故障。关键的服务器系统通常采用冗余拓扑(redundant topologies)并且可能需要增强的或不同的存储能力。A modern server farm or data center usually employs a large number of servers to handle the processing requirements of various application services. Each server handles multiple operations and requires some degree of storage capacity to maintain these operations. Some of these operations are critical and may be prone to system failure. Critical server systems often employ redundant topologies and may require enhanced or different storage capabilities.

然而，传统的服务器系统为了能够同时支持不同的存储功能(例如：硬盘(harddisk drive，简称HDD)与固态硬盘(solid state drive，简称SSD))，在一服务器和/或存储系统中需要大的主板空间以及电缆路由(cable routing)区域。因此，需要一种可在服务器系统的有限主板空间与电缆路由区域内提供弹性的硬盘以及固态硬盘的支持解决办法。However, in order to support different storage functions (for example: hard disk drive (HDD) and solid state drive (SSD)) at the same time in the traditional server system, a large server and/or storage system is required. Motherboard space and cable routing (cable routing) area. Therefore, there is a need for a hard disk and solid state disk support solution that can provide flexibility within the limited motherboard space and cable routing areas of server systems.

发明内容Contents of the invention

依据本发明的各种实施例的系统以及方法可提供了解决上述问题的方法，其可通过在一服务器系统中结合交换卡以及转接卡，以提供弹性的硬盘以及固态硬盘的支持。更确切来说，一个服务器系统包括具有至少两种不同类型的接口(例如：一串行连接小型计算机系统接口(Serial Attached SCSI，以下简称SAS接口)、一串行ATA(Serial ATA，以下简称SATA)接口或一快速周边组件互连(Peripheral Component Interconnect Express，以下简称PCIe)接口)的交换卡以及一个包括第一中央处理单元(CPU)以及第二CPU的控制器。第一CPU连接至一第一转接卡(adapter card)，而第二CPU连接至一第二转接卡。第一转接卡以及第二转接卡耦接于服务器系统的交换卡。控制器可以检测转接卡的类型，并发送一个信号，以使交换卡支持相应类型的服务器系统的存储装置。The systems and methods according to various embodiments of the present invention can provide a solution to the above-mentioned problems by combining switch cards and riser cards in a server system to provide flexible support for hard disks and solid state disks. More precisely, a server system includes at least two different types of interfaces (for example: a Serial Attached SCSI (Serial Attached SCSI, hereinafter referred to as SAS interface), a Serial ATA (Serial ATA, hereinafter referred to as SATA) ) interface or a peripheral component interconnect (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express, hereinafter referred to as PCIe) interface) switch card and a controller including a first central processing unit (CPU) and a second CPU. The first CPU is connected to a first adapter card, and the second CPU is connected to a second adapter card. The first riser card and the second riser card are coupled to the switch card of the server system. The controller can detect the type of the riser card and send a signal to make the switch card support the corresponding type of storage device of the server system.

在一些实施例中，相应于判定一服务器系统的一第一转接卡以及一第二转接卡支持SAS硬盘(HDD)时，一控制器可致使服务器系统的一交换卡致能(enable)交换卡之一SAS接口以及禁能交换卡的其他非SAS接口。控制器(例如：第一CPU与第二CPU)可接着经由第一转接卡或第二转接卡中的至少一个以及交换卡的SAS接口与服务器系统的多个SAS硬盘进行通信。In some embodiments, corresponding to determining that a first riser card and a second riser card of a server system support SAS hard disk (HDD), a controller can cause a switch card of the server system to enable (enable) Disable one of the SAS ports of the switch card and disable the other non-SAS ports of the switch card. The controller (for example: the first CPU and the second CPU) can then communicate with the plurality of SAS hard disks of the server system via at least one of the first riser card or the second riser card and the SAS interface of the switch card.

在一些实施例中，相应于判定一服务器系统的一第一转接卡以及一第二转接卡支持PCIe固态硬盘(SSD)时，一控制器可致使服务器系统的一交换卡致能交换卡的一PCIe接口以及禁能交换卡的其他非PCIe接口。控制器(例如：第一CPU与第二CPU)可接着经由经由第一转接卡或第二转接卡中的至少一个以及交换卡的PCIe接口与服务器系统的多个PCIe固态硬盘进行通信。In some embodiments, corresponding to determining that a first riser card and a second riser card of a server system support PCIe solid-state drives (SSDs), a controller may cause a switch card of the server system to enable the switch card one PCIe interface of the switch card and disable other non-PCIe interfaces of the switch card. The controller (for example: the first CPU and the second CPU) can then communicate with the plurality of PCIe solid state disks of the server system via at least one of the first riser card or the second riser card and the PCIe interface of the switch card.

在一些实施例中，服务器系统的第一转接卡与第二转接卡彼此互连以支持冗余拓扑。相应于判定第一转接卡或第一转接卡的其中一元件具有一故障，控制器可经由第二转接卡或第一转接卡的剩余元件以及服务器系统的一交换卡来管理服务器系统的多个硬盘或多个固态硬盘。In some embodiments, the first riser card and the second riser card of the server system are interconnected with each other to support a redundant topology. Corresponding to determining that the first riser card or one of the components of the first riser card has a fault, the controller can manage the server via the second riser card or the remaining components of the first riser card and a switch card of the server system Multiple hard drives or multiple solid-state drives for the system.

在一些实施例中，一服务器系统的一第一转接卡以及一第二转接卡支持SAS硬盘。第一转接卡包括一第一SAS控制器以及一第一扩展器。第一SAS控制器连接至服务器系统的第一CPU且第一扩展器经由服务器系统的交换卡连接至服务器系统的SAS硬盘。第二转接卡包括一第二SAS控制器以及一第二扩展器。第二SAS控制器连接至服务器系统的第二CPU，而第二扩展器经由交换卡连接至服务器系统的SAS硬盘。在一些实施例中，第一扩展器连接至第二SAS控制器且第一SAS控制器连接至第二扩展器以支持冗余拓朴。In some embodiments, a first riser card and a second riser card of a server system support SAS hard drives. The first riser card includes a first SAS controller and a first expander. The first SAS controller is connected to the first CPU of the server system and the first expander is connected to the SAS hard disk of the server system via the switch card of the server system. The second riser card includes a second SAS controller and a second expander. The second SAS controller is connected to the second CPU of the server system, and the second expander is connected to the SAS hard disk of the server system through the switch card. In some embodiments, the first expander is connected to the second SAS controller and the first SAS controller is connected to the second expander to support a redundant topology.

在一些实施例中，一服务器系统的一第一转接卡以及一第二转接卡支持PCIe固态硬盘。第一转接卡包括一第一PCIe切换器，而第二转接卡包括一第二PCIe切换器。第一PCIe切换器经由服务器系统的交换卡连接至服务器系统的一第一CPU与PCIe固态硬盘。第二PCIe切换器经由交换卡连接至服务器系统的一第二CPU与PCIe固态硬盘。在一些实施例中，为了支持冗余拓扑，第一PCIe切换器耦接于第二PCIe切换器与第二CPU，并且第二PCIe切换器耦接于第一CPU。In some embodiments, a first riser card and a second riser card of a server system support PCIe solid state drives. The first riser card includes a first PCIe switch, and the second riser card includes a second PCIe switch. The first PCIe switch is connected to a first CPU and the PCIe solid state disk of the server system through the switch card of the server system. The second PCIe switch is connected to a second CPU and the PCIe solid state disk of the server system through the switch card. In some embodiments, to support redundant topology, the first PCIe switch is coupled to the second PCIe switch and the second CPU, and the second PCIe switch is coupled to the first CPU.

附图说明Description of drawings

为使本发明的上述和其他目的、特征、和优点能更明显易懂，下文特举出一或多个优选实施例，并配合附图，作详细说明如下。注意的是，虽然公开书依附图进行说明，然其并非用以限定本发明，本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，当可做些许更动与润饰，其原理与附加特征可配合附图描述与解释，其中：In order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, one or more preferred embodiments will be described in detail below together with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that although the disclosure is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, its principles and additional features It can be described and explained in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

图1A-1B显示依据本发明实施例的支持弹性的硬盘与固态硬盘的示范服务器系统的示意方块图；1A-1B show a schematic block diagram of an exemplary server system supporting flexible hard disks and solid state disks according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图1C显示依据本发明一实施例的包括一存储子系统与一服务器系统的示范服务器系统的示意方块图；FIG. 1C shows a schematic block diagram of an exemplary server system including a storage subsystem and a server system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图1D显示依据本发明一实施例的交换卡的示意方块图；FIG. 1D shows a schematic block diagram of a switching card according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图2显示依据本发明一实施例的用以在一服务器系统中支持弹性的硬盘与固态硬盘的方法的流程图；FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of a method for supporting flexible hard disks and solid state disks in a server system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图3显示依据本发明各种实施例的运算装置的示意图；以及Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a computing device according to various embodiments of the present invention; and

图4与5显示依据本发明各种实施例的示范系统的示意图。4 and 5 show schematic diagrams of exemplary systems according to various embodiments of the invention.

【符号说明】【Symbol Description】

100A、100B、100C、100D～系统；100A, 100B, 100C, 100D～system;

101～服务器系统；101～server system;

102～存储系统；102～storage system;

104～交换卡；104～exchange card;

106～PCIe接口；106～PCIe interface;

108～SAS接口；108～SAS interface;

109～存储装置；109～storage device;

110～控制器；110～controller;

112～第一CPU；112～the first CPU;

114～第二CPU；114～second CPU;

116、118～转接卡；116, 118～transfer card;

120、124～SAS控制器；120, 124 ~ SAS controller;

122、126～扩展器；122, 126 ~ expander;

128、130～转接卡；128, 130～transfer card;

132、134～PCIe切换器；132, 134~PCIe switcher;

140～电源供应；140～power supply;

141、142～电源供应单元(PSU)；141, 142～power supply unit (PSU);

145～电源按键；145～power button;

146～南桥(NB)；146～South Bridge (NB);

148～硬盘(HDD)；148～hard disk (HDD);

150～插槽；150～slot;

152～ISA插槽；152～ISA slot;

154～PCI总线；154～PCI bus;

160～PCIe插槽；160～PCIe slots;

161～PCIe插槽；161～PCIe slot;

162～散热元件；162～radiating element;

165～处理器；165～processor;

170～PCI插槽；170～PCI slot;

171～PCI插槽；171～PCI slot;

172～快取存储器；172～cache memory;

174～存储子系统模块；174～storage subsystem module;

176～北桥(NB)；176～North Bridge (NB);

180～主存储器；180 ~ main memory;

190～转接卡；190～transfer card;

191、192～扩展器；191, 192 ~ expander;

1042～FPGA；1042～FPGA;

1911、1912、1921、1922～存储装置；1911, 1912, 1921, 1922～storage device;

200～方法流程图；200～method flowchart;

202、204、206、208、209、210、212、214、215、216～执行步骤；202, 204, 206, 208, 209, 210, 212, 214, 215, 216～executing steps;

300～运算装置；300～computing device;

315～总线；315～bus;

361～存储器；361 ~ memory;

362～CPU；362~CPU;

363～处理器；363～processor;

368～接口；368～interface;

400～系统；400～system;

405～系统总线；405～system bus;

410～处理器；410～processor;

412～快取存储器；412～cache memory;

415～存储器；415 ~ memory;

420～ROM；420～ROM;

425～RAM；425 ~ RAM;

430～存储装置；430～storage device;

432～MOD 1；432~MOD 1;

434～MOD 2；434～MOD 2;

436～MOD 3；436～MOD 3;

435～输出装置；435～output device;

440～通信接口；440～communication interface;

445～输入装置；445～input device;

500～服务器系统；500～server system;

555～处理器；555 ~ processor;

560～芯片组；560～chipset;

565～输出装置；565～output device;

570～存储装置；570～storage device;

575～RAM；575 ~ RAM;

580～桥接器；580～bridge;

585～用户接口元件；以及585 ~ user interface element; and

590～通信接口。590～communication interface.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

本发明的各种实施例提供结合有交换卡和转接卡的服务器系统来提供弹性的硬盘(以下简称HDD)和固态硬盘(以下简称SSD)支持系统和方法。更具体来说，一个服务器系统包括具有至少两种不同类型的接口(例如：一串行连接小型计算机系统接口(SerialAttached SCSI，以下简称SAS接口)、一串行ATA(Serial ATA，以下简称SATA)接口或一快速周边组件互连(Peripheral Component Interconnect Express，以下简称PCIe)接口)的交换卡以及一个包括第一中央处理单元(CPU)以及第二CPU的控制器。第一CPU连接至一第一转接卡(adapter card)，而第二CPU连接至一第二转接卡。第一转接卡转接卡以及第二转接卡耦接于服务器系统的交换卡。控制器可以检测转接卡的类型，并发送一个信号，以使交换卡支持相应类型的服务器系统的存储装置。Various embodiments of the present invention provide a server system combined with a switch card and a riser card to provide flexible hard disk (hereinafter referred to as HDD) and solid state disk (hereinafter referred to as SSD) support systems and methods. More specifically, a server system includes at least two different types of interfaces (for example: a serial attached small computer system interface (SerialAttached SCSI, hereinafter referred to as SAS interface), a serial ATA (Serial ATA, hereinafter referred to as SATA) interface or a peripheral component interconnect (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express, hereinafter referred to as PCIe) interface) switching card and a controller including a first central processing unit (CPU) and a second CPU. The first CPU is connected to a first adapter card, and the second CPU is connected to a second adapter card. The first riser card and the second riser card are coupled to the switch card of the server system. The controller can detect the type of the riser card and send a signal to make the switch card support the corresponding type of storage device of the server system.

图1A显示依据本发明实施例的支持弹性的硬盘与固态硬盘的示范服务器系统100A的示意方块图。在本实施例中，系统100A支持SAS硬盘。系统100A包括存储系统102、控制器110、以及转接卡(例如：第一转接卡116与第二转接卡118)。存储系统102包括多个存储装置(例如：SAS HDD、SATA HDD、或SSD)以及一交换卡(switch card)104。交换卡104具有至少一个SAS接口108以及PCIe接口106以分别对应支持SAS HDD以及PCIe SSD。在一些实施例中，交换卡104包括至少一个SATA接口以支持SATA HDD。第一转接卡116包括第一SAS控制器120以及第一扩展器(expander)122，而第二转接卡118包括第二SAS控制器124以及第二扩展器126。控制器110包括第一CPU 112与第二CPU 114，其用以接收来自第一转接卡116或第二转接卡118的数据，以判断转接卡116，118是否支持SAS HDD、PCIe SSD、SATA HDD、或其它合适的存储装置，并且致使交换卡104致能(enable)对应于所判定的存储装置的一接口(例如：接口106与108的其中一个)以及禁能(disable)交换卡104的其他接口(例如，106与108中的另一个)。FIG. 1A shows a schematic block diagram of an exemplary server system 100A supporting flexible hard disks and solid state disks according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the system 100A supports SAS hard disks. The system 100A includes a storage system 102 , a controller 110 , and riser cards (eg, a first riser card 116 and a second riser card 118 ). The storage system 102 includes a plurality of storage devices (eg, SAS HDD, SATA HDD, or SSD) and a switch card 104 . The switch card 104 has at least one SAS interface 108 and a PCIe interface 106 to support SAS HDD and PCIe SSD respectively. In some embodiments, switch card 104 includes at least one SATA interface to support SATA HDD. The first riser card 116 includes a first SAS controller 120 and a first expander 122 , and the second riser card 118 includes a second SAS controller 124 and a second expander 126 . The controller 110 includes a first CPU 112 and a second CPU 114, which are used to receive data from the first riser card 116 or the second riser card 118, to determine whether the riser cards 116, 118 support SAS HDD, PCIe SSD , SATA HDD, or other suitable storage devices, and cause the switch card 104 to enable (enable) an interface corresponding to the determined storage device (for example: one of the interfaces 106 and 108) and disable the switch card (disable) Other interfaces of 104 (eg, the other of 106 and 108).

在本例中，第一CPU 112耦接于第一SAS控制器120(例如：经由PCIex8连接)，而第二CPU 114耦接于第二SAS控制器124(例如：经由PCIex8连接)。第一扩展器122以及第二扩展器126分别经由一12Gx4连接来连接至第一SAS控制器120以及第二SAS控制器124，并且经由一12Gx16连接来连接至交换卡104。第一CPU 112可以经由第一SAS控制器120、第一扩展器122以及具有一已致能的SAS接口的交换卡104与存储系统102的多个存储装置进行通信。第一CPU 112也可经由第一SAS控制器120、第二扩展器126以及具有一已致能的SAS接口的交换卡104与存储系统102的多个存储装置进行通信。另一方面，第二CPU 114可以经由第二SAS控制器124、第二扩展器126以及具有一已致能的SAS接口的交换卡104与存储系统102的多个存储装置进行通信。第二CPU 114也可经由第二SAS控制器124、第一扩展器122以及具有一已致能的SAS接口的交换卡104与存储系统102的多个存储装置进行通信。In this example, the first CPU 112 is coupled to the first SAS controller 120 (eg, connected via PCIex8), and the second CPU 114 is coupled to the second SAS controller 124 (eg, connected via PCIex8). The first expander 122 and the second expander 126 are respectively connected to the first SAS controller 120 and the second SAS controller 124 via a 12Gx4 connection, and are connected to the switch card 104 via a 12Gx16 connection. The first CPU 112 can communicate with multiple storage devices of the storage system 102 via the first SAS controller 120 , the first expander 122 , and the switch card 104 with an enabled SAS interface. The first CPU 112 can also communicate with multiple storage devices of the storage system 102 via the first SAS controller 120 , the second expander 126 , and the switch card 104 with an enabled SAS interface. On the other hand, the second CPU 114 can communicate with multiple storage devices of the storage system 102 via the second SAS controller 124 , the second expander 126 , and the switch card 104 with an enabled SAS interface. The second CPU 114 can also communicate with multiple storage devices of the storage system 102 via the second SAS controller 124 , the first expander 122 and the switch card 104 with an enabled SAS interface.

在一些实施例中，相应于判定第一转接卡116或第一转接卡116的一元件具有一故障时，控制器110可经由第二转接卡118或第一转接卡116的剩余元件以及存储系统102的交换卡104来管理存储系统102的多个存储装置。举例来说，当第一SAS控制器120发生故障时，控制器110可经由第二CPU 114、第二SAS控制器124、第二扩展器126和/或第一扩展器122、以及交换卡104与存储系统102的多个存储装置通信。在另一实例中，当第一扩展器122发生故障时，控制器110可经由第一CPU 112、第一SAS控制器120、第二扩展器126与交换卡104来与存储系统102的多个存储装置通信；或者经由第二CPU 114、第二SAS控制器124、第二扩展器126与交换卡104来与存储系统102的多个存储装置通信。In some embodiments, when it is determined that the first riser card 116 or a component of the first riser card 116 has a fault, the controller 110 can pass the second riser card 118 or the rest of the first riser card 116 The components and the switch card 104 of the storage system 102 manage multiple storage devices of the storage system 102 . For example, when the first SAS controller 120 fails, the controller 110 can pass through the second CPU 114, the second SAS controller 124, the second expander 126 and/or the first expander 122, and the switch card 104 Communicates with a plurality of storage devices of the storage system 102 . In another example, when the first expander 122 fails, the controller 110 can communicate with the multiple Storage device communication; or communicate with multiple storage devices of the storage system 102 via the second CPU 114 , the second SAS controller 124 , the second expander 126 and the switch card 104 .

图1B显示依据本发明实施例的支持弹性的硬盘与固态硬盘的示范服务器系统100B的示意方块图。在本实施例中，系统100B支持SSD。系统100B包括存储系统102、控制器110、以及转接卡(例如：第一转接卡128与第二转接卡130)。存储系统102包括多个存储装置(例如：SAS HDD、SATA HDD、或SSD)以及一交换卡(switch card)104。交换卡104包括至少一个SAS接口108以及PCIe接口106以分别对应支持SAS HDD以及PCIe SSD。在一些实施例中，交换卡104包括至少一个SATA接口以支持SATA HDD。第一转接卡128包括第一PCIe切换器(PCIe switch)132，而第二转接卡130包括第二PCIe切换器134。控制器110包括第一CPU112与第二CPU 114，其用以接收来自第一转接卡128或第二转接卡130的数据，以判断转接卡128，130是否支持SAS HDD、PCIe SSD、SATA HDD、或其它合适的存储装置，并且致使交换卡104致能对应于所判定的存储装置的一接口(例如：接口106与108的其中一个)以及禁能(disable)交换卡104的其他接口(例如，106与108中的另一个)。FIG. 1B shows a schematic block diagram of an exemplary server system 100B supporting flexible hard disks and solid state disks according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the system 100B supports SSD. The system 100B includes a storage system 102 , a controller 110 , and riser cards (eg, a first riser card 128 and a second riser card 130 ). The storage system 102 includes a plurality of storage devices (eg, SAS HDD, SATA HDD, or SSD) and a switch card 104 . The switch card 104 includes at least one SAS interface 108 and a PCIe interface 106 to support SAS HDD and PCIe SSD respectively. In some embodiments, switch card 104 includes at least one SATA interface to support SATA HDD. The first riser card 128 includes a first PCIe switch (PCIe switch) 132 , and the second riser card 130 includes a second PCIe switch 134 . The controller 110 includes a first CPU 112 and a second CPU 114, which are used to receive data from the first riser card 128 or the second riser card 130 to determine whether the riser cards 128, 130 support SAS HDD, PCIe SSD, SATA HDD, or other suitable storage devices, and cause the switch card 104 to enable an interface corresponding to the determined storage device (for example: one of the interfaces 106 and 108) and disable other interfaces of the switch card 104 (eg, the other of 106 and 108).

在本例中，第一CPU 112耦接于第一PCIe切换器132(例如：经由PCIex8连接)，而第二CPU 114耦接于第二PCIe切换器134(例如：经由PCIex8连接)。第一PCIe切换器132以及第二PCIe切换器134分别经由一PCIex16连接来连接至交换卡104。第一CPU 112可以经由第一PCIe切换器132以及具有一已致能的PCIe接口的交换卡104与存储系统102的多个存储装置进行通信。第一CPU 112也可经由第二PCIe切换器134以及具有一已致能的PCIe接口的交换卡104与存储系统102的多个存储装置进行通信。另一方面，第二CPU 114可以经由第二PCIe切换器134以及具有一已致能的PCIe接口的交换卡104与存储系统102的多个存储装置进行通信。第二CPU 114也可经由第一PCIe切换器132以及具有一已致能的PCIe接口的交换卡104与存储系统102的多个存储装置进行通信。In this example, the first CPU 112 is coupled to the first PCIe switch 132 (eg, connected via PCIex8), and the second CPU 114 is coupled to the second PCIe switch 134 (eg, connected via PCIex8). The first PCIe switch 132 and the second PCIe switch 134 are respectively connected to the switch card 104 via a PCIex16 connection. The first CPU 112 can communicate with multiple storage devices of the storage system 102 via the first PCIe switch 132 and the switch card 104 with an enabled PCIe interface. The first CPU 112 can also communicate with multiple storage devices of the storage system 102 via the second PCIe switch 134 and the switch card 104 with an enabled PCIe interface. On the other hand, the second CPU 114 can communicate with the plurality of storage devices of the storage system 102 via the second PCIe switch 134 and the switch card 104 with an enabled PCIe interface. The second CPU 114 can also communicate with multiple storage devices of the storage system 102 via the first PCIe switch 132 and the switch card 104 with an enabled PCIe interface.

在一些实施例中，相应于判定第一转接卡128或第一转接卡128的一元件具有一故障时，控制器110可经由第二转接卡130或第一转接卡128的剩余元件以及存储系统102的交换卡104来管理存储系统102的多个存储装置。举例来说，当第一转接卡128发生故障时，控制器110可经由第二CPU 114、第二转接卡130以及交换卡104与存储系统102的多个存储装置通信。在另一实例中，当第一PCIe切换器132发生故障时，控制器110可经由第二CPU 114、第二转接卡130与交换卡104，或者经由第一CPU 112、第二转接卡130与交换卡104来与存储系统102的多个存储装置通信。In some embodiments, corresponding to determining that the first riser card 128 or a component of the first riser card 128 has a fault, the controller 110 may transmit the second riser card 130 or the rest of the first riser card 128 The components and the switch card 104 of the storage system 102 manage multiple storage devices of the storage system 102 . For example, when the first riser card 128 fails, the controller 110 can communicate with the storage devices of the storage system 102 via the second CPU 114 , the second riser card 130 and the switch card 104 . In another example, when the first PCIe switch 132 fails, the controller 110 can pass the second CPU 114, the second riser card 130 and the switch card 104, or pass the first CPU 112, the second riser card 130 and the switch card 104 to communicate with multiple storage devices of the storage system 102 .

图1C显示依据本发明一实施例的包括一存储子系统102与一服务器系统101的示范系统100C的示意方块图。FIG. 1C shows a schematic block diagram of an exemplary system 100C including a storage subsystem 102 and a server system 101 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

在本实施例中，服务器系统101包括连接到快取存储器172的至少一个微处理器或处理器165、一或多个散热元件162、一主存储器(MEM)180、至少一电源供应单元(PSU)141，其中PSU 141可以电源供应140接收一交流电源并提供电力给服务器系统101。存储子系统102包括从电源供应140接收AC电源并提供电力给存储子系统102的一个或多个PSU 142、至少一扩展器(例如：扩展器191与192)、以及多个存储装置(例如：1911、1912、1921与1922)。存储装置可以包括SCSI(SAS)硬盘、串行ATA(SATA)硬盘或固态硬盘(SSD)中的至少一个。存储装置可以是单独的存储装置，或者可以一起被设置为磁盘阵列(Redundant Array ofIndependent Disks，RAID)。每一扩展器用以管理存储子系统102的一或多个存储装置(例如：接收命令并将它们导向到相应的存储装置)，并且可与一网络中的远端装置、一管理模块以及存储子系统102中的其他扩展器进行通信。前述命令可以包括读或写命令、信息请求、或管理命令(例如：分区命令)。命令可以表示为文本格式、小型服务器系统接口(SCSI)格式、AT附件(ATA)格式或串行ATA(SATA)格式。在本实施例中，扩展器191用以管理存储装置1911以及1912，而扩展器192则用以管理存储装置1921以及1922。In this embodiment, server system 101 includes at least one microprocessor or processor 165 connected to cache memory 172, one or more cooling elements 162, a main memory (MEM) 180, at least one power supply unit (PSU) ) 141, wherein the PSU 141 can receive an AC power from the power supply 140 and provide power to the server system 101. Storage subsystem 102 includes one or more PSUs 142 that receive AC power from power supply 140 and provide power to storage subsystem 102, at least one expander (e.g., expanders 191 and 192), and a plurality of storage devices (e.g., 1911, 1912, 1921 and 1922). The storage device may include at least one of a SCSI (SAS) hard disk, a Serial ATA (SATA) hard disk, or a Solid State Disk (SSD). The storage devices may be separate storage devices, or may be configured together as a disk array (Redundant Array of Independent Disks, RAID). Each expander is used to manage one or more storage devices of the storage subsystem 102 (for example: receiving commands and directing them to corresponding storage devices), and can communicate with remote devices in a network, a management module and storage sub-systems. other expanders in system 102 to communicate. The aforementioned commands may include read or write commands, information requests, or management commands (eg, partition commands). Commands may be expressed in text format, Small Server System Interface (SCSI) format, AT Attachment (ATA) format or Serial ATA (SATA) format. In this embodiment, the expander 191 is used to manage the storage devices 1911 and 1912 , and the expander 192 is used to manage the storage devices 1921 and 1922 .

在本实施例中，前述至少一个扩展器(例如：扩展器191与192)也可以在一或多个转接卡190和存储子系统102之间提供一个命令列接口(command-line interface，CLI)。一或多个转接卡190或远端用户可以通过CLI输入命令。CLI可包括，但不限于，数字命令语言(digital command language，DCL)，各种Unix壳层(Unix shell)、微计算机控制程序(CP/M)、command.com、cmd.exe以及资源时间共享系统(resource time sharing system，RSTS)CLI。In this embodiment, the aforementioned at least one expander (for example: expanders 191 and 192) can also provide a command line interface (command-line interface, CLI) between one or more riser cards 190 and the storage subsystem 102 ). One or more riser cards 190 or remote users can enter commands through the CLI. CLI may include, but not limited to, digital command language (digital command language, DCL), various Unix shells (Unix shell), microcomputer control program (CP/M), command.com, cmd.exe and resource time sharing System (resource time sharing system, RSTS) CLI.

在一些实施例中，存储子系统102的扩展器连接至存储子系统102的多个具有连接冗余的存储装置的，以保护对抗一个故障的通信链结(例如：故障的缆线或端口，或者意外拔出的连接)。在一些实施例中，存储子系统102与服务器系统101可以配置在单个机架或可在不同服务器机架进行配置。In some embodiments, expanders of storage subsystem 102 are connected to multiple storage devices of storage subsystem 102 with connection redundancy to protect against a failed communication link (e.g., a failed cable or port, or accidentally unplugged connections). In some embodiments, the storage subsystem 102 and the server system 101 may be configured in a single rack or may be configured in different server racks.

至少一PSU 141用以提供电力至服务器系统101的各种元件，例如：处理器165、快取存储器172、北桥逻辑176，PCIe插槽160、主存储器180、南桥逻辑146、存储装置148、ISA插槽150、PCI插槽170以及控制器110。在服务器系统101的电源开启后，服务器系统101用以从存储器、计算机存储装置或外部存储装置中载入软件应用程序以执行各种操作。硬盘148架构成可用于服务器系统101的操作系统与各种应用程序的逻辑区块并且可用于在服务器系统101断电后继续保存服务器的数据。PSU 142用以提供电力至存储子系统102的各种元件，例如:前述多个存储装置、前述至少一扩展器、以及一或多个散热元件162。At least one PSU 141 is used to provide power to various components of the server system 101, such as: processor 165, cache memory 172, north bridge logic 176, PCIe slot 160, main memory 180, south bridge logic 146, storage device 148, ISA slot 150 , PCI slot 170 and controller 110 . After the server system 101 is powered on, the server system 101 is used to load software application programs from memory, computer storage device or external storage device to perform various operations. The hard disk 148 is structured as a logical block that can be used for the operating system and various application programs of the server system 101 and can be used to continue to save server data after the server system 101 is powered off. The PSU 142 is used to provide power to various elements of the storage subsystem 102 , such as the aforementioned plurality of storage devices, the aforementioned at least one expander, and one or more cooling elements 162 .

主存储器180可以通过北桥(NB)逻辑176耦接至处理器165。存储器控制模块(未绘示)可用以通过在存储器操作期间产生(assert)必要的控制信号来控制主存储器180的操作。主存储器180可以包括，但不限于，动态随机存取存储器(dynamic random accessmemory，DRAM)、双倍数据速率动态随机存取存储器(dual data rate DRAM，DDR DRAM)、静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)，或其他类型的适当存储器。Main memory 180 may be coupled to processor 165 through North Bridge (NB) logic 176 . The memory control module (not shown) can be used to control the operation of the main memory 180 by asserting necessary control signals during memory operation. The main memory 180 may include, but is not limited to, dynamic random access memory (dynamic random access memory, DRAM), double data rate dynamic random access memory (dual data rate DRAM, DDR DRAM), static random access memory (static RAM) , SRAM), or other types of appropriate memory.

在一些实施例中，处理器165可为多内核处理器，其中的每一内核通过连接到北桥逻辑176的一CPU总线耦接在一起。在一些实施例中，北桥逻辑176可整合在处理器165中。北桥逻辑176也可连接至多个快速周边组件互连(Peripheral Component Interconnectexpress，PCIe)端口160以及南桥(SB)逻辑146。前述多个PCIe端口160可用于连接以及作为总线，如PCI Express×1、USB 2.0、SMBus卡、SIM卡、PCIe另一通道的未来扩展、1.5伏以及3.3伏电力、以及诊断服务器的机箱上的发光二极管(Light-Emitting Diode，LED)的电线。In some embodiments, processor 165 may be a multi-core processor, each core of which is coupled together through a CPU bus connected to Northbridge logic 176 . In some embodiments, Northbridge logic 176 may be integrated in processor 165 . Northbridge logic 176 may also be connected to multiple Peripheral Component Interconnectexpress (PCIe) ports 160 and Southbridge (SB) logic 146 . The aforementioned multiple PCIe ports 160 can be used for connection and as a bus, such as PCI Express x 1, USB 2.0, SMBus card, SIM card, future expansion of another channel of PCIe, 1.5 volts and 3.3 volts of power, and diagnostics on the chassis of the server Light-Emitting Diode (Light-Emitting Diode, LED) wire.

在本例中，北桥逻辑176以及南桥逻辑146通过一周边组件互连(peripheralcomponent interconnect，PCI)总线154连接。PCI总线154可支持标准化格式的CPU功能，此标准化格式独立于所有的CPU的本地总线的格式。PCI总线154可另外连接至多个PCI插槽170(例如：PCI插槽171)。总线控制器(未绘示)可将连接PCI总线的装置视为直接连接到CPU总线，分派在处理器165的地址空间的地址，且与单独总线时钟同步。PCI卡可用于多个PCI插槽170包括但不受限于，网络接口卡(Network Interface Card，NIC)、音效卡、数据机、TV调谐器卡、硬盘控制器、显示卡、小计算机系统接口(Small Computer System Interface，SCSI)转换器、以及个人计算机存储卡国际协会(PCMCIA)卡等。In this example, the north bridge logic 176 and the south bridge logic 146 are connected through a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus 154 . PCI bus 154 can support CPU functions in a standardized format that is independent of the format of all CPU's local buses. The PCI bus 154 can additionally be connected to a plurality of PCI slots 170 (eg, PCI slot 171 ). A bus controller (not shown) may treat devices connected to the PCI bus as directly connected to the CPU bus, assign addresses in the address space of the processor 165, and synchronize to a separate bus clock. PCI cards can be used in multiple PCI slots 170 including, but not limited to, network interface cards (Network Interface Cards, NICs), sound cards, modems, TV tuner cards, hard disk controllers, display cards, small computer system interfaces (Small Computer System Interface, SCSI) converter, and Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) card, etc.

南桥逻辑146可经由扩展总线，将PCI总线154耦接至多个扩展卡或插槽150(例如：ISA插槽152)。扩展总线可为用于南桥逻辑146以及周边装置之间通信的一总线，并且可包括，但不限于，工业标准架构(Industry Standard Architecture，ISA)总线、PC/104总线，低引脚数(low pin count)总线、扩展ISA(Expansion ISA，EISA)总线、通用串行总线(Universal Serial Bus，USB)、整合式电子驱动接口(Integrated Drive Electronics，IDE)总线、或任何适合用于周边装置的数据通信的其他总线。The south bridge logic 146 can couple the PCI bus 154 to a plurality of expansion cards or slots 150 (eg, the ISA slot 152 ) via the expansion bus. The expansion bus may be a bus used for communication between Southbridge logic 146 and peripheral devices, and may include, but is not limited to, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a PC/104 bus, a low pin count ( low pin count) bus, expansion ISA (Expansion ISA, EISA) bus, Universal Serial Bus (Universal Serial Bus, USB), integrated electronic drive interface (Integrated Drive Electronics, IDE) bus, or any suitable for peripheral devices Other buses for data communication.

在本例中，南桥逻辑146更耦接至连接到前述至少一PSU 141的控制器110。在一些实施例中，控制器110可为基板管理控制器(Baseboard Management Controller，BMC)、机架管理控制器(Rack Management Controller，RMC)或其他合适类型的系统控制器。控制器用于控制至少一PSU 141的操作和/或其他可应用操作。在一些实施例中，控制器110用以监控处理需求以及服务器系统101的元件状态和/或连接状态。In this example, the south bridge logic 146 is further coupled to the controller 110 connected to the aforementioned at least one PSU 141 . In some embodiments, the controller 110 may be a baseboard management controller (Baseboard Management Controller, BMC), a rack management controller (Rack Management Controller, RMC), or other suitable types of system controllers. The controller is used to control the operation of at least one PSU 141 and/or other applicable operations. In some embodiments, the controller 110 is configured to monitor processing requirements as well as component status and/or connection status of the server system 101 .

在本例中，控制器110通过一电缆线或无线连接(例如：I 2C、SM总线(SMBus)或PCIe)连接至存储子系统102的至少一个扩展器(例如：扩展器191与192)。In this example, the controller 110 is connected to at least one expander (eg, expanders 191 and 192 ) of the storage subsystem 102 through a cable or wireless connection (eg, I2C, SM Bus (SMBus) or PCIe).

图1D显示依据本发明一实施例的交换卡104的示意方块图100D。在本实施例中，交换卡104包括一个现场可编程辑门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Arrays，FPGA)1042。FPGA 1042可以接收配置配置(CFG)数据以及高速信号(例如：PCIe或SAS数据)。依据来自控制器(例如：图1A以及图1B中所示的控制器110)的CFG数据，FPGA 1042可以将接收到的SAS和PCI-E的信号重导向至专用于对应协议的对应输出。FIG. 1D shows a schematic block diagram 100D of the switch card 104 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the switch card 104 includes a field-programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays, FPGA) 1042 . FPGA 1042 can receive configuration configuration (CFG) data as well as high-speed signals (eg, PCIe or SAS data). According to the CFG data from the controller (eg, the controller 110 shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B ), the FPGA 1042 can redirect the received SAS and PCI-E signals to corresponding outputs dedicated to the corresponding protocols.

在图1A与图1B所示的例子中，控制器110包括两个计算节点(computing node)。每个计算节点包括至少一个处理器、随机存取存储器(RAM)、基板管理控制器(BMC)...等。每个计算节点可以接收状态信号或传送控制信号至周边元件(例如：转接卡116和118以及存储元件)，使得计算节点可以监控周边元件的状态并相应地控制周边元件。当服务器系统101处于正常操作时，控制器110的计算节点可以检查转接卡(例如：116和118)的类型。In the example shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B , the controller 110 includes two computing nodes. Each compute node includes at least one processor, random access memory (RAM), baseboard management controller (BMC), . . . Each computing node can receive status signals or transmit control signals to peripheral elements (eg, riser cards 116 and 118 and storage elements), so that the computing node can monitor the status of the peripheral elements and control the peripheral elements accordingly. When the server system 101 is in normal operation, the computing nodes of the controller 110 can check the type of riser cards (eg: 116 and 118 ).

当检测到的是一SAS转接卡，控制器110可以发送一个SAS CFG信号到FPGA 1042。FPGA 1042可以接收此CFG信号，接着将输入数据重导向至存储系统102的SAS HDD。此时，FPGA 1042的PCIe接口被禁能。When a SAS riser card is detected, the controller 110 may send a SAS CFG signal to the FPGA 1042 . The FPGA 1042 can receive the CFG signal and then redirect the incoming data to the SAS HDD of the storage system 102 . At this time, the PCIe interface of FPGA 1042 is disabled.

如果检测到的是一PCIe转接卡，控制器110可以发送一个PCIe CFG信号到FPGA1042。FPGA 1042可以接收此CFG信号，接着将输入数据重导向至存储系统102的PCIe SSD。此时，FPGA 1042的SAS接口被禁能。If a PCIe riser card is detected, the controller 110 may send a PCIe CFG signal to the FPGA 1042 . The FPGA 1042 can receive the CFG signal and then redirect the incoming data to the PCIe SSDs of the storage system 102 . At this time, the SAS interface of FPGA 1042 is disabled.

在第一扩展器122故障的事件发生时，控制器110可检测到第一扩展器122发生故障，并启动第二扩展器126。因此，控制器110的一个或多个节点可经由第二扩展器126来存取存储系统102的硬盘。在第一PCIe切换器132故障的事件发生时，控制器110可检测到第一PCIe切换器132发生故障，并启动第二PCIe切换器134。因此，控制器110的一个或多个节点可经由第二PCIe切换器134来存取存储系统102的固态硬盘。In the event that the first expander 122 fails, the controller 110 may detect that the first expander 122 fails, and activate the second expander 126 . Therefore, one or more nodes of the controller 110 can access the hard disks of the storage system 102 via the second expander 126 . When the failure event of the first PCIe switch 132 occurs, the controller 110 may detect that the first PCIe switch 132 fails, and activate the second PCIe switch 134 . Therefore, one or more nodes of the controller 110 can access the solid state disk of the storage system 102 via the second PCIe switch 134 .

虽然图1A、1B、1C与1D的示范系统100A、100B、100C与100D中分别只显示一些元件，示范系统100A、100B、100C与100D中也可包括可处理或存储数据，或接收或传送信号的各类型的电子或运算元件。另外，示范系统100A、100B、100C与100D内的电子或运算元件可用于执行各类型的应用程序和/或可使用各类型的操作系统。这些操作系统可包括但不受限于Android、柏克莱软件套件(Berkeley Software Distribution，BSD)、iPhoneOS(iOS)、Linux、OS X、类Unix的即时操作系统(例如：QNX)、微软视窗、微软视窗电话、以及IBMz/OS。Although only some components are shown in the exemplary systems 100A, 100B, 100C, and 100D of FIGS. 1A, 1B, 1C, and 1D, respectively, the exemplary systems 100A, 100B, 100C, and 100D may also include components that can process or store data, or receive or transmit signals. Various types of electronic or computing components. In addition, electronic or computing components within exemplary systems 100A, 100B, 100C, and 100D may be used to execute various types of application programs and/or may use various types of operating systems. These operating systems may include, but are not limited to, Android, Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), iPhoneOS (iOS), Linux, OS X, Unix-like real-time operating systems (for example: QNX), Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Windows Phone, and IBM z/OS.

取决于示范系统100A、100B、100C与100D中所需的实施方式而定，可使用各种网络和讯息通信协议，包括但不受限于TCP/IP，开放式系统互联通信(Open SystemInterconnection，OSI)、文件传输通信协议(File Transfer Protocol，FTP)、通用随插即用(Universal Plug and Play，UpnP)、网络文件系统(Network File System，NFS)、网络文件共享系统(Common Internet File System，CIFS)、AppleTalk等等。本领域技术人员可知图1A、1B、1C与1D中显示的示范系统100A、100B、100C与100D用于说明的目的。因此，网络系统可使用许多合适的变化来实现，同时仍依据本发明各种实施例提供网络平台设定。Depending on the desired implementation in exemplary systems 100A, 100B, 100C, and 100D, various networking and messaging protocols may be used, including but not limited to TCP/IP, Open System Interconnection (OSI ), File Transfer Protocol (File Transfer Protocol, FTP), Universal Plug and Play (Universal Plug and Play, UpnP), Network File System (Network File System, NFS), Network File Sharing System (Common Internet File System, CIFS ), AppleTalk, etc. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the exemplary systems 100A, 100B, 100C, and 100D shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, 1C, and ID are for illustration purposes. Thus, a network system can be implemented using many suitable variations while still providing a network platform configuration in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention.

在图1A、1B、1C与1D的实施例设置中，示范系统100A、100B、100C与100D内也可包括一或多个无线元件，用于与特定无线通道的运算范围内之一或多个电子装置通信。无线通道可为任意用于让装置进行无线通信的合适通道，例如蓝牙、蜂窝、NFC、或Wi-Fi通道。同时需要了解装置可有一或多个已知有线通信连接，如已知技术。在本发明各种实施例的范围中可尽可能的包括各种其他元件和/或其结合。1A, 1B, 1C and 1D embodiment settings, exemplary systems 100A, 100B, 100C and 100D may also include one or more wireless components, used to communicate with one or more of the operating range of a specific wireless channel Electronic devices communicate. The wireless channel can be any suitable channel for devices to communicate wirelessly, such as Bluetooth, cellular, NFC, or Wi-Fi channels. It is also to be understood that the device may have one or more known wired communication connections, such as are known in the art. Various other elements and/or combinations thereof may be included within the scope of various embodiments of the present invention as possible.

以上讨论意在描述本发明的原理与各种实施例。当完全理解上述公开内容时，各种变化和修改将变得显而易见。The foregoing discussion is intended to describe the principles and various embodiments of the invention. Various changes and modifications will become apparent when the above disclosure is fully understood.

图2显示依据本发明一实施例的用以在一服务器系统中支持弹性的硬盘与固态硬盘的方法200的流程图。需要了解实施例方法200仅用于表示目的，且依据本发明实施例的其他方法可包括以相似或替代顺序、或平行方式执行更多、更少、或替代步骤。实施例方法200首先在步骤202中接收来自两个或多个转接卡(例如：如图1A、1B以及1C中所示的转接卡)的数据。FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of a method 200 for supporting flexible hard disks and solid state disks in a server system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the example method 200 is for illustrative purposes only, and that other methods according to embodiments of the present invention may include more, fewer, or alternative steps performed in a similar or alternative order, or in parallel. The embodiment method 200 first receives data from two or more riser cards (eg, the riser cards shown in FIGS. 1A , 1B and 1C ) in step 202 .

在步骤204中，服务器系统的一控制器可判断前述两个或多个转接卡是否支持SASHDD、SATA HDD、固态硬盘(SSD)、或其它合适的存储装置，如图1A、图1B、以及图1C中所示。In step 204, a controller of the server system can determine whether the aforementioned two or more riser cards support SASHDD, SATA HDD, solid state disk (SSD), or other suitable storage devices, as shown in Figure 1A, Figure 1B, and shown in Figure 1C.

相应于判定前述两个或多个转接卡支持SAS HDD时，在步骤206中，控制器可致能服务器系统的一交换卡的一SAS接口并且禁能此交换卡的所有其它类型的接口，如图1A、图1C、以及图1D中所示。Corresponding to when it is determined that the aforementioned two or more riser cards support SAS HDD, in step 206, the controller may enable a SAS interface of a switch card of the server system and disable all other types of interfaces of the switch card, As shown in FIG. 1A , FIG. 1C , and FIG. 1D .

在步骤208中，控制器可经由第一转接卡、第二转接卡、以及交换卡的SAS接口中的至少一个与服务器系统的多个SAS HDD进行通信，如图1A、图1C、以及图1D所示。In step 208, the controller can communicate with multiple SAS HDDs of the server system via at least one of the first riser card, the second riser card, and the SAS interface of the switch card, as shown in Figures 1A, 1C, and Figure 1D.

在步骤209中，可判断转接卡或转接卡的任何元件是否有故障。在步骤210中，相应于判定第一转接卡具有故障，控制器可经由第二转接卡以及交换卡与多个SAS HDD进行通信，如图1A、图1C、以及图1D所示。相应于判定没有任何故障发生时，流程200返回到步骤206。In step 209, it may be determined whether the riser card or any component of the riser card is faulty. In step 210, corresponding to determining that the first riser card is faulty, the controller can communicate with the plurality of SAS HDDs via the second riser card and the switch card, as shown in FIG. 1A, FIG. 1C, and FIG. 1D. Correspondingly, when it is determined that no fault occurs, the process 200 returns to step 206 .

在步骤212中，相应于判定两个或多个转接卡支持PCIe SSD时，控制器可致能交换卡的一PCIe接口并禁能交换卡的其他类型的接口，如图1A、图1C、以及图1D所示。在步骤214中，控制器可经由第一转接卡、第二转接卡、以及交换卡的PCIe接口中的至少一个与服务器系统的多个PCIe SSD进行通信，如图1A、图1C、以及图1D所示。在步骤215中，可判断转接卡或转接卡的任何元件是否有故障。在步骤216中，相应于判定第一转接卡具有故障，控制器可经由第二转接卡以及交换卡与多个PCIe SSD进行通信，如图1A、图1C、以及图1D所示。相应于判定没有任何故障发生时，流程200返回到步骤212。In step 212, when it is determined that two or more riser cards support PCIe SSD, the controller may enable a PCIe interface of the switch card and disable other types of interfaces of the switch card, as shown in Fig. 1A, Fig. 1C, and as shown in Figure 1D. In step 214, the controller can communicate with multiple PCIe SSDs of the server system via at least one of the PCIe interfaces of the first riser card, the second riser card, and the switch card, as shown in Figures 1A, 1C, and Figure 1D. In step 215, it may be determined whether the riser card or any component of the riser card is faulty. In step 216, corresponding to determining that the first riser card is faulty, the controller can communicate with the plurality of PCIe SSDs via the second riser card and the switch card, as shown in FIG. 1A, FIG. 1C, and FIG. 1D. Correspondingly, when it is determined that no fault occurs, the process 200 returns to step 212 .

术语the term

一计算机网络为藉由通信连接和区段互连的节点的地理分配聚集，用以在终端之间传输数据，例如：个人计算机和工作站。可适用于许多类型的网络，其类型范围从局域网络(Local Area Network，LAN)和广域网络(Wide Area Network，WAN)到重叠式(overlay)和软件定义网络，例如虚拟可扩展局域网络(Virtual Extensible Local Area Network，VXLAN)。A computer network is a geographically distributed collection of nodes interconnected by communication links and segments for the transfer of data between terminals such as personal computers and workstations. Can be applied to many types of networks, ranging from local area networks (Local Area Network, LAN) and wide area networks (Wide Area Network, WAN) to overlay (overlay) and software-defined networks, such as virtual extensible LAN (Virtual Extensible Local Area Network, VXLAN).

LAN通常连接位于相同通用物理位置，例如大楼或校园的专用私有通信连接的节点。另一方面，WAN通常连接长距通信连接的地理分散节点，例如共同载波电话线、光纤路径、同步光纤网络(Synchronous Optical network，SONET)、或同步数字阶级(SynchronousDigital Hierarchy，SDH)连结。LAN和WAN可包括第2层(L2)和/或第3层(L3)网络和装置。A LAN typically connects nodes that are located in the same common physical location, such as a building or a campus for dedicated private communication links. A WAN, on the other hand, typically connects geographically dispersed nodes of long-distance communication links, such as common-carrier telephone lines, fiber optic paths, Synchronous Optical Network (SONET), or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) links. LANs and WANs may include Layer 2 (L2) and/or Layer 3 (L3) networks and devices.

互联网为WAN的一个例子，其连接世界上的不同网络，提供各种网络上的节点之间的全球通信。节点通常依据预定义通信协议例如传输控制通信协议/互联网通信协议(TCP/IP)等交换离散数据讯框或分组而在前述网络上进行通信。在本申请中，通信协议可视为一组定义节点间如何彼此互动的规则。计算机网络可进一步藉由中继网络节点例如路由器等互连，以延伸每个网络的有效“大小”。The Internet is an example of a WAN that connects different networks in the world, providing global communication between nodes on the various networks. Nodes typically communicate over the aforementioned network by exchanging discrete frames or packets of data according to a predefined communication protocol such as Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). In this application, a communication protocol can be viewed as a set of rules that define how nodes interact with each other. Computer networks can be further interconnected by relay network nodes such as routers to extend the effective "size" of each network.

重叠式网络(overlay network)一般允许在一物理网络基础建设上产生以及分层虚拟网络。重叠式网络通信协议，例如虚拟可扩展区域网(Virtual Extensible LAN，VXLAN)、一般路由封装实现网络虚拟化(Network Virtualization Using Generic RouterEncapsulation，NVGRE)、网络虚拟化共存(Network Virtualization Overlays，NVO3)、以及传输层隧道(Stateless Transport Tunneling，STT)，提供流量封装方案，允许通过逻辑通道通过L2和L3网络而承载网络流量。这种逻辑通道可通过虚拟通道终端(VTEP)起始以及结束。Overlay networks generally allow creation and layering of virtual networks on top of a physical network infrastructure. Overlay network communication protocols, such as Virtual Extensible LAN (VXLAN), Network Virtualization Using Generic Router Encapsulation (NVGRE), Network Virtualization Overlays (NVO3), and Transport layer tunneling (Stateless Transport Tunneling, STT) provides a traffic encapsulation solution, allowing network traffic to be carried through L2 and L3 networks through logical channels. Such a logical channel can be initiated and terminated by a virtual channel termination (VTEP).

另外，重叠式网络可包括虚拟区段，例如VXLAN重叠式网络内的VXLAN区段，其可包括虚拟L2和/或L3重叠式网络，虚拟机器(Virtual Machine，VM)可在之上进行通信。虚拟区段可通过虚拟网络识别值(VNI)而被辨识，例如VXLAN网络识别值，此虚拟网络识别值可特别辨识相关虚拟区段或网域。In addition, the overlay network may include a virtual segment, such as a VXLAN segment within the VXLAN overlay network, which may include a virtual L2 and/or L3 overlay network on which virtual machines (Virtual Machines, VMs) can communicate. A virtual segment can be identified by a virtual network identifier (VNI), such as a VXLAN network identifier, which specifically identifies the associated virtual segment or network domain.

网络虚拟化允许硬件和软件资源结合入虚拟网络。举例来说，网络虚拟化可使多个VM分别通过虚拟LAN(VLAN)依附于物理网络。VM可分别依据其VLAN进行分组，且可与其他VM以及内部或外部网络的其他装置通信。Network virtualization allows hardware and software resources to be combined into virtual networks. For example, network virtualization enables multiple VMs to be attached to a physical network via virtual LANs (VLANs). VMs can be grouped individually according to their VLANs, and can communicate with other VMs and other devices on internal or external networks.

网络区段，例如物理或虚拟区段、网络、装置、端口、物理或逻辑连结、和/或流量大致来说可分为桥接或洪水网域(flood domain)。桥接网域或洪水网域可表示一广播网域，例如L2广播网域。桥接网域或洪水网域可包括单独子网络，但也可包括多子网络。另外，桥接网域可相关于网络装置上的桥接网域接口，例如一切换器。桥接网域接口可为支持L2桥接网络以及L3路由网络之间流量的逻辑接口。此外桥接网域接口可支持互联网通信协议(IP)终止、VPN终止、地址解析处理、MAC定位等等。桥接网域和桥接网域接口两者可藉由相同索引或识别值而被辨识。Network segments, such as physical or virtual segments, networks, devices, ports, physical or logical links, and/or traffic can generally be classified as bridged or flood domains. A bridged network domain or a flooded network domain may represent a broadcast network domain, such as an L2 broadcast network domain. A bridged or flooded domain can include individual subnets, but can also include multiple subnets. Additionally, a bridged domain may be associated with a bridged domain interface on a network device, such as a switch. The bridged domain interface may be a logical interface that supports traffic between L2 bridged networks and L3 routed networks. In addition, the bridging domain interface can support Internet protocol (IP) termination, VPN termination, address resolution processing, MAC location and so on. Both bridge domains and bridge domain interfaces can be identified by the same index or identification value.

此外，终端群组(EndPoint Group，下称EPG)在网络中可用于将应用程序对映(mapping)至网络。特别来说，EPG可使用网络中应用程序终端的分组，应用连接性和政策来对应用程序分组。EPG可作为用于装运的容器，或是应用程序或应用程序元件的集合，以及实现转送和政策逻辑的层级。EPG也允许从藉由使用逻辑应用程序边界代替决定地址将网络政策、安全性、以及转送分开。In addition, an EndPoint Group (EPG) can be used in the network to map applications to the network. In particular, EPG can use grouping of application endpoints in the network, application connectivity and policies to group applications. The EPG can serve as a container for shipping, or an application or a collection of application elements, and a layer to implement routing and policy logic. EPG also allows separating network policy, security, and forwarding from addressing by using logical application boundaries instead of deciding addresses.

在一或多个网络也可提供云端运算，藉以使用共享资源提供运算服务。云端运算可大致上包括互联网为基础的运算，其中运算资源通过网络(例如"云端")可取得的资源集合被动态提供与分配给用户端或用户计算机或其他装置的随选(on-demand)功能。云端运算资源，例如，可包括任意类型的资源，例如运算、存储、以及网络装置，虚拟机器(VirtualMachine，简称VM)等等。举例来说，资源可包括服务装置(防火墙、深度分组检测，流量监控、负载均衡等等)、运算/处理装置(服务器、CPU的、存储器、暴力(brute force)处理能力)、存储装置(例如依附网络的存储器、存储局域网络装置)等等。此外，这种资源会用于支持虚拟网络、虚拟机器(VM)、数据库、应用程序(Apps)等等。Cloud computing may also be provided on one or more networks to provide computing services using shared resources. Cloud computing may broadly include Internet-based computing in which computing resources are dynamically provisioned and allocated to clients or on-demand from a user's computer or other device from a collection of resources available over a network (e.g., "the cloud") Function. Cloud computing resources, for example, may include any type of resources, such as computing, storage, and network devices, virtual machines (Virtual Machine, VM for short), and so on. For example, resources may include service devices (firewall, deep packet inspection, traffic monitoring, load balancing, etc.), computing/processing devices (servers, CPU's, memory, brute force processing capabilities), storage devices (such as network-attached storage, storage area network devices), etc. Additionally, such resources are used to support virtual networks, virtual machines (VMs), databases, applications (Apps), and more.

云端运算资源可包括"私有云端”、"公有云端”、和/或"混和式云端。"混和式云端"可为一种由2或多个云端所组成的云端基础建设，该2或多个云端可通过技术相互运作或进行同盟。本质上混和式云端为私有和公有云端之间的互动，其中私有云端结合公有云端并以一种安全且有弹性(scalable)的方式使用公有云端资源。云端运算资源也可通过虚拟网络在重叠式网络例如VXLAN之内提供。Cloud computing resources may include "private cloud", "public cloud", and/or "hybrid cloud". "Hybrid cloud" may be a cloud infrastructure composed of 2 or more clouds, the 2 or more Clouds can interoperate or be confederated through technology.Essentially, a hybrid cloud is an interaction between private and public clouds, where the private cloud combines with the public cloud and uses public cloud resources in a secure and scalable manner.Cloud Computing resources can also be provided within an overlay network such as VXLAN through a virtual network.

在网络切换系统中，可维持一查找数据库(lookup database)以保持多个依附切换系统的终端之间的路径轨迹。然而终端可具有各种设定且相关于许多承租者。终端可具有各种类型的识别值，例如IPv4、IPv6、或第2层。查找数据库必须设定不同模式来处理不同类型的终端识别值。一些查找数据库的能力是设计用于处理不同地址类型的进入分组。另外网络切换系统中的查找数据库通常受限于1K虚拟路由以及转送(VRF)。因此，需要用于处理各种类型的终端识别值的改良查找算法。本发明所公开的技术提出用于电信网络中的地址查找所需的技术。本发明所公开的系统、方法、和计算机可读取存储介质用于藉由将终端识别值对映到一致空间且允许一致处理不同形式的查找来统一各种类型的终端识别值。接着参见图3和图4所示，实施例系统和网络的简单描述将在此公开。本发明实施例的变形于各个实施例中描述。相关技术请参考图3。In the network switching system, a lookup database can be maintained to keep track of the paths between terminals attached to the switching system. However a terminal may have various settings and be associated with many tenants. A terminal may have various types of identification values such as IPv4, IPv6, or layer 2. The lookup database must be set up in different modes to handle different types of terminal identification values. Some lookup database capabilities are designed to handle incoming packets of different address types. In addition, the lookup database in the network switching system is usually limited to 1K virtual routing and forwarding (VRF). Therefore, there is a need for improved lookup algorithms for handling various types of terminal identification values. The techniques disclosed in this invention address the techniques needed for address lookup in telecommunications networks. The disclosed systems, methods, and computer readable storage media are used to unify various types of terminal identification values by mapping terminal identification values into a consistent space and allowing different forms of lookups to be handled consistently. Referring next to Figures 3 and 4, a brief description of the embodiment system and network will be disclosed herein. Variations of the embodiments of the present invention are described in the respective embodiments. Please refer to FIG. 3 for related technologies.

图3显示依据本发明一实施例的运算装置(computing device)300的示意图。运算装置300包括主中央处理单元(CPU)362、接口368、以及总线315(例如PCI总线)。当在合适软件或固件的控制下动作时，CPU 362用于负责执行分组管理、错误检测、和/或路由功能，例如不当连接(miscabling)检测功能。CPU362较佳地在包括操作系统以及任意合适应用程序软件的软件控制之下完成上述功能。CPU 362可包括一或多个处理器363，例如来自Motorola微处理器家族或MIPS微处理器家族的处理器。在另一实施例中，处理器363为特定设计的硬件，用于控制运算装置300的操作。在特定实施例中，存储器361(例如非易失性RAM和/或ROM)也形成CPU 362一部分。然而，存储器可通过许多不同方式耦接系统。FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a computing device 300 according to an embodiment of the invention. The computing device 300 includes a main central processing unit (CPU) 362, an interface 368, and a bus 315 (such as a PCI bus). When acting under the control of suitable software or firmware, the CPU 362 is responsible for performing packet management, error detection, and/or routing functions, such as miscabling detection functions. CPU 362 preferably performs the functions described above under the control of software including an operating system and any suitable application software. CPU 362 may include one or more processors 363, such as processors from the Motorola family of microprocessors or the MIPS family of microprocessors. In another embodiment, the processor 363 is specifically designed hardware for controlling the operation of the computing device 300 . In particular embodiments, memory 361 (eg, non-volatile RAM and/or ROM) also forms part of CPU 362 . However, memory can be coupled to the system in many different ways.

接口368通常提供作为接口卡(有时称为"线路卡(line card)")。一般来说，接口368控制通过网络的数据分组的传送与接收且有时支持与运算装置300一起使用的其他周边。可提供的接口为以太网接口、讯框中继接口、缆线接口、DSL接口、令牌环(token ring)接口等等。此外，可提供各种非常高速接口例如快速令牌环接口、无线接口、以太网接口、Gigabit以太网接口、ATM接口、HSSI接口、POS接口、FDDI接口等等。一般而言，这些接口可包括用于合适介质的通信的合适端口。在一些实施例中，接口也可包括独立处理器，以及在一些实施例中可包括易失性RAM。独立处理器可控制分组切换、介质控制和管理等此种通信密集任务。藉由对通信密集任务提供分开的处理器，上述接口允许主微处理器362有效执行路由运算、网络诊断、安全性功能等等。Interface 368 is typically provided as an interface card (sometimes referred to as a "line card"). In general, interface 368 controls the transmission and reception of data packets over the network and sometimes supports other peripherals used with computing device 300 . The available interfaces are Ethernet interface, frame relay interface, cable interface, DSL interface, token ring interface and so on. In addition, various very high-speed interfaces such as fast Token Ring interface, wireless interface, Ethernet interface, Gigabit Ethernet interface, ATM interface, HSSI interface, POS interface, FDDI interface, etc. can be provided. In general, these interfaces may include suitable ports for communication of suitable media. In some embodiments, the interface may also include a separate processor, and in some embodiments may include volatile RAM. A separate processor controls such communication-intensive tasks as packet switching, media control, and management. The interface allows the main microprocessor 362 to efficiently perform routing operations, network diagnostics, security functions, and the like by providing a separate processor for communication-intensive tasks.

虽然图3所示的系统为本发明实施例的一特定运算装置，然其绝非本发明实施例仅有的网络装置构造。举例来说，经常使用具有单独处理器的构造，该单独处理器处理通信以及路由运算等等。另外，其他类型的接口和介质也能与路由器一起使用。Although the system shown in FIG. 3 is a specific computing device of the embodiment of the present invention, it is by no means the only network device configuration of the embodiment of the present invention. For example, configurations with separate processors that handle communications as well as routing operations, etc. are often used. Additionally, other types of interfaces and media can also be used with routers.

无论网络装置的设定是什么，网络装置都会使用一或多个存储器或存储器模块(包括存储器361)用于针对存储通用网络操作的程序指令以及针对上述漫游、路由优化和路由功能的机制。例如程序指令可控制操作系统和/或一或多个应用程序的操作。存储器或多个存储器也可用于存储表格例如移动连结、注册、和相关表格等等。Regardless of the network device settings, the network device utilizes one or more memories or memory modules (including memory 361 ) for storing program instructions for general network operations as well as mechanisms for the roaming, route optimization and routing functions described above. For example, program instructions may control the operation of an operating system and/or one or more application programs. The memory or memories may also be used to store forms such as mobile links, registration, and related forms, among others.

图4与5显示依据本发明多个实施例的示范系统的示意图。本领域技术人员在应用本发明实施例时可应用更合适的实施例。本领域技术人员也已知其他系统实施例的可能性。4 and 5 show schematic diagrams of exemplary systems according to various embodiments of the invention. Those skilled in the art can apply more suitable embodiments when applying the embodiments of the present invention. Other system embodiment possibilities are also known to those skilled in the art.

图4显示已知系统中一种总线运算系统构造400，其中系统的元件互相使用总线405进行电性通信。系统400的例子包括处理单元(CPU或处理器)410以及系统总线405，此系统总线405耦接各种系统元件到处理器410，各种系统元件包括系统存储器415，例如只读存储器(ROM)420和随机存取存储器(RAM)425。系统400可包括高速存储器的快取存储器，此高速存储器直接连接、靠近、或整合为处理器410的一部分。系统400可将数据从存储器415和/或存储装置430复制到快取存储器412用于处理器410的快速存取。以此方式快取存储器可在等待数据时提供效能增进，避免处理器410延迟。上述以及其他模块会控制或用于控制处理器410藉以执行各种动作。同时也可使用其他系统存储器415。存储器415可包括多个具有不同效能特性的不同类型存储器。处理器410可包括任意通用处理器以及硬件模块或软件模块，例如存储于存储装置430的模块432，模块434，和模块436，用于控制处理器410以及特殊功用处理器，其中软件指令结合入实际处理器设计。处理器410可实质上为完全自给自足的运算系统，包括多内核或处理器、总线，存储器控制器、快取存储器等等。多核处理器可为对称或非对称。FIG. 4 shows a bus-computing system configuration 400 in a known system, wherein components of the system communicate electrically with each other using a bus 405 . An example of system 400 includes a processing unit (CPU or processor) 410 and a system bus 405 that couples various system elements to processor 410, including system memory 415, such as read-only memory (ROM) 420 and Random Access Memory (RAM) 425 . System 400 may include cache memory of high speed memory that is directly connected to, proximate to, or integrated as part of processor 410 . System 400 may copy data from memory 415 and/or storage device 430 to cache memory 412 for fast access by processor 410 . Cache memory in this way can provide performance gains while waiting for data, avoiding processor 410 delays. These and other modules control or are used to control the processor 410 to perform various actions. Other system memory 415 may also be used at the same time. Memory 415 may include multiple different types of memory with different performance characteristics. Processor 410 may include any general-purpose processor and hardware modules or software modules, such as module 432, module 434, and module 436 stored in memory device 430, for controlling processor 410 and a special-purpose processor, wherein software instructions are incorporated into Actual processor design. The processor 410 may be substantially a completely self-contained computing system, including multiple cores or processors, buses, memory controllers, cache memories, and the like. Multi-core processors can be symmetric or asymmetric.

为了使用户可以和运算装置400互动，输入装置445会代表任意数量的输入机制，例如用于演讲的麦克风、用于手势或图形输入的触控屏幕、键盘、鼠标、动作输入、语音以及其他。输出装置435也可为本领域技术人员所知的一或多个输出机制。在一些例子中，多模系统会对用户提供多类型的输入藉以和运算装置400通信。通信接口440会大致上包含并管理用户输入以及系统输出。任意特定硬件设置上的各种操作没有限制，因此这里的基本特征会很容易置入发展增进中的硬件或固件设置。可理解的是，本申请说明书的任何实施例中所提及的任意特征或步骤可与任何实施例中的任意其他特征或步骤组合。In order for a user to interact with computing device 400, input device 445 may represent any number of input mechanisms, such as a microphone for speech, touch screen for gesture or graphic input, keyboard, mouse, motion input, voice, and others. The output device 435 can also be one or more output mechanisms known to those skilled in the art. In some examples, the multimodal system provides users with multiple types of input to communicate with the computing device 400 . Communication interface 440 will generally contain and manage user input as well as system output. There is no limit to various operations on any particular hardware setup, so the basic features here will be easily incorporated into evolving hardware or firmware setups. It should be understood that any feature or step mentioned in any embodiment of the specification of the present application can be combined with any other feature or step in any embodiment.

存储装置430为非易失性存储器且可为硬盘或其他类型的计算机可读取介质，该计算机可读取介质会存储计算机可存取数据，且可例如为磁带、快闪存储器卡、固态存储器装置、数字光盘、卡匣、随机存取存储器(RAM)425、只读存储器(ROM)420、以及其混合。Storage device 430 is non-volatile memory and may be a hard disk or other type of computer readable medium that stores computer accessible data and may be, for example, magnetic tape, flash memory card, solid state memory device, digital disc, cartridge, random access memory (RAM) 425, read only memory (ROM) 420, and mixtures thereof.

存储装置430可包括软件模块432、434、436，用于控制处理器410。也会考虑其他硬件或软件模块。存储装置430会连接至系统总线405。在某个方面，执行特定功能的硬件模块可包括存储于计算机可读取介质的软件元件，该存储于计算机可读取介质和所需硬件元件有关，该所需硬件元件可例如为用于执行功能的处理器410、总线405、输出装置435(例如显示器)等等。The storage device 430 may include software modules 432 , 434 , 436 for controlling the processor 410 . Other hardware or software modules are also contemplated. The storage device 430 is connected to the system bus 405 . In one aspect, a hardware module that performs a specific function may include software elements stored on a computer-readable medium that are associated with required hardware elements, such as for executing Functional processor 410, bus 405, output device 435 (eg, display), and so on.

图5显示一种具有芯片组构造的服务器系统500，该芯片组构造会被使用来执行所述方法并产生及显示图形用户接口(GUI)。服务器系统500为用于实现所公开技术的计算机硬件、软件和固件的实施例。系统500可包括处理器555，表示任意数量的物理和/或逻辑区别资源，执行用于所示运算的软件、固件、和硬件。处理器555会与芯片组560通信，该芯片组560会控制处理器555的输入和输出。在本实施例中，芯片组560输出信息至输出装置565，例如显示器，且会读取和写入信息至存储装置570，存储装置570可包括例如磁盘介质和固态介质。芯片组560也会读取数据和写入数据至RAM575。用于与各种用户接口元件585进行接口的桥接器580会用于与芯片组560进行接口。此种用户接口元件585可包括键盘、麦克风、触控检测和处理电路、指向装置，例如鼠标等等。大致来说系统500的输入会来自各种来源，可以由机器产生和/或人工产生。FIG. 5 shows a server system 500 having a chipset configuration that may be used to perform the method and generate and display a graphical user interface (GUI). Server system 500 is an embodiment of computer hardware, software, and firmware for implementing the disclosed techniques. System 500 may include processor 555, representing any number of physically and/or logically distinct resources, executing software, firmware, and hardware for the operations shown. Processor 555 will communicate with chipset 560 which will control processor 555 inputs and outputs. In this embodiment, the chipset 560 outputs information to an output device 565, such as a display, and reads and writes information to a storage device 570, which may include, for example, magnetic disk media and solid state media. Chipset 560 also reads and writes data to RAM 575 . A bridge 580 for interfacing with various user interface elements 585 is used to interface with chipset 560 . Such user interface elements 585 may include a keyboard, a microphone, touch detection and processing circuitry, pointing devices such as a mouse, and the like. In general, inputs to system 500 will come from a variety of sources, and can be machine-generated and/or human-generated.

芯片组560也会与一或多个具有不同物理接口的通信接口590进行接口。此种通信接口可包括用于宽频无线网络以及个人局域网络(personal area network)的有线和无线本地局域网络的接口。一些用于产生、显示、以及使用本发明实施例GUI的方法的应用程序可包括，藉由处理器555分析存储于存储570或RAM 575的数据而接收通过物理接口或由机器自行产生的请求数据组。另外机器接收来自用户通过用户接口元件585的输入并会藉由使用处理器555解释输入来执行合适的功能，例如浏览功能。Chipset 560 also interfaces with one or more communication interfaces 590 having different physical interfaces. Such communication interfaces may include interfaces for broadband wireless networks as well as wired and wireless local area networks for personal area networks. Some application programs for generating, displaying, and using the method of the GUI of the embodiment of the present invention may include, through the processor 555 analyzing the data stored in the storage 570 or the RAM 575, receiving request data through the physical interface or generated by the machine itself Group. Additionally the machine receives input from the user through the user interface element 585 and will interpret the input using the processor 555 to perform an appropriate function, such as a browsing function.

实施例系统400和500会具有大于一个处理器410或为群组一部分或为一起网络连接的运算装置群集，用以提供更多处理能力。Embodiment systems 400 and 500 may have more than one processor 410 or be part of a cluster or a cluster of computing devices connected together in a network to provide more processing power.

为了清楚解释，在本发明一些实施例可包括独自的功能区块，该功能区块包括软件或硬件和软件的结合实现的方法中的装置、装置元件、步骤或例程(routines)。For clarity of explanation, some embodiments of the present invention may include independent functional blocks, which include devices, device elements, steps or routines in a method implemented by software or a combination of hardware and software.

在一些实施例中计算机可读取存储装置、介质、以及存储器可包括缆线或包括位流的无线信号等等。然而当提到时，非暂态计算机可读取存储介质明确排除例如能量、载波信号、电磁波、以及信号等等介质。In some embodiments computer-readable storage devices, media, and memory may include cables or wireless signals including bit streams, and the like. However, when mentioned, non-transitory computer-readable storage media expressly excludes media such as energy, carrier signals, electromagnetic waves, and signals.

依据上述实施例的方法会使用计算机可执行指令实现，该计算机可执行指令存储于计算机可读取介质或可由计算机可读取介质提供。此种指令可包括，例如让通用计算机、特殊功能计算机、或特殊功能处理装置执行一些功能或功能群组的指令和数据。部分计算机资源可通过网络存取。计算机可执行指令可为例如二元、中继格式指令例如组合语言、固件、或来源码。计算机可读取介质的实施例会用于存储指令、使用信息、和/或依据所述实施例的方法进行中所产生的信息，该计算机可读取介质包括磁盘或光盘、快闪存储器、非易失性存储器提供的USB装置、网络连接存储装置等等。The methods according to the above-mentioned embodiments are implemented using computer-executable instructions stored in or provided by computer-readable media. Such instructions may include, for example, instructions and data which cause a general purpose computer, special function computer, or special function processing device to perform some function or group of functions. Some computer resources are accessible via the Internet. Computer-executable instructions may be, for example, binary, relay format instructions such as assembly language, firmware, or source code. Embodiments of computer-readable media can be used to store instructions, use information, and/or information generated during the method according to the described embodiments, and the computer-readable media include magnetic or optical disks, flash memory, non-volatile USB devices provided by volatile memory, network attached storage devices, etc.

依据本发明实施例实现的装置可包括硬件，固件和/或软件，并可使用各种形式因素。形式因素的典型实施例包括笔记型计算机、智慧手机、小型化机构(small formfactor)个人计算机、个人数字助理等等。所述的功能性也会以周边或扩展卡实现。功能性也会藉由其他实施例，由单独装置中电路板上不同芯片或不同程序间的执移动作实现。Apparatuses implemented in accordance with embodiments of the present invention may include hardware, firmware, and/or software, and may utilize a variety of form factors. Typical examples of form factors include notebook computers, smartphones, small formfactor personal computers, personal digital assistants, and the like. The described functionality can also be implemented with peripheral or expansion cards. In other embodiments, the functionality may be implemented by execution between different chips or different programs on a circuit board in a single device.

指令、传递该指令的介质、执行该指令的运算资源、以及其他支持该运算资源的构造为用以提供公开书所述功能的方式。The instructions, the medium for transmitting the instructions, the computing resources for executing the instructions, and other configurations supporting the computing resources are used to provide the functions described in the disclosure.

本发明实施例的各个方面提供用以远端控制一存储子系统的分区管理的系统以及方法。虽然以上已经引用特定实施例来显示可选操作在不同指令下如何使用，其他实施例可结合可选操作和不同指令。为了清楚解释，在本发明一些实施例可包括独自的功能区块，该功能区块包括软件或硬件和软件的结合实现的方法中的装置、装置元件、步骤或例程。Various aspects of the embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for remotely controlling partition management of a storage subsystem. Although specific embodiments have been referenced above to show how optional operations are used with different instructions, other embodiments may combine optional operations with different instructions. For clarity of explanation, some embodiments of the present invention may include independent functional blocks, which include devices, device elements, steps or routines in a method implemented by software or a combination of hardware and software.

其他实施例可另外在各种操作环境中实现，该各种操作环境在一些实施例中可包括用于操作多个应用程序的一或多台服务器计算机、用户计算机或运算装置。用户或客户装置可包括任意多个通用个人计算机，例如以标准操作系统运作的桌上型或膝上型计算机、以及以移动软件运作并能支持多个网络和讯息通信协议的蜂窝、无线以及手持装置。该系统也可包括多个以各种商用操作系统以及其他已知针对特殊目的的应用程序运作的工作站，上述特殊目的可例如为发展和数据库管理。上述装置也可包括其他电子装置，例如虚拟终端、瘦客户端、游戏系统以及其他能通过网络通信的装置。Other embodiments may additionally be implemented in various operating environments, which in some embodiments may include one or more server computers, client computers, or computing devices for operating multiple application programs. User or client devices can include any number of general-purpose personal computers, such as desktop or laptop computers running on standard operating systems, and cellular, wireless, and handheld computers running on mobile software and capable of supporting multiple networks and messaging protocols device. The system may also include a plurality of workstations running on various commercial operating systems and other known applications for special purposes such as development and database management. The aforementioned devices may also include other electronic devices, such as dummy terminals, thin clients, game systems, and other devices capable of communicating over a network.

为了延伸实施例，本发明实施例或部分实施例以硬件实现，并以任意一种或以下技术的结合实现：具有逻辑门的离散逻辑电路，可在收到数据信号时用于实现逻辑功能、具有合适的组合逻辑门的应用程序特定集成电路(Application Specific IntegratedCircuit，ASIC)、可编程硬件例如可编程门阵列(Programmable Gate Array，PGA)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)等等。In order to extend the embodiment, the embodiment or some embodiments of the present invention are implemented in hardware, and implemented in any one or combination of the following technologies: discrete logic circuits with logic gates, which can be used to implement logic functions when receiving data signals, Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) with suitable combinatorial logic gates, programmable hardware such as Programmable Gate Array (Programmable Gate Array, PGA), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), etc.

大部分实施例使用本领域技术人员周知的至少一网络，用于支持各种商用通信协议的通信，例如TCP/IP、OSI、FTP、UPnP、NFS、CIFS、AppleTalk等等。网络可为，例如为本地局域网络、广域网络、虚拟私有网络、互联网、内连网(intranet)、外连网(extranet)、公众电话交换网络(public switched telephone network)、红外线网络、无线网络以及以上任意组合。Most embodiments use at least one network known to those skilled in the art for communication supporting various commercial communication protocols, such as TCP/IP, OSI, FTP, UPnP, NFS, CIFS, AppleTalk, and the like. The network can be, for example, a local area network, a wide area network, a virtual private network, the Internet, an intranet, an extranet, a public switched telephone network, an infrared network, a wireless network, and Any combination of the above.

本发明实施例的方法可使用计算机可执行指令实现，该计算机可执行指令存储于计算机可读取介质或可由计算机可读取介质提供。此种指令可包括，例如让通用计算机、特殊用途计算机、或特殊用途处理装置执行一些功能或功能群组的指令和数据。部分计算机资源可通过网络存取。计算机可执行指令可为例如二元码、中继格式指令例如组合语言、固件、或来源码。计算机可读取介质的实施例可用于存储指令、使用信息、和/或依据所述实施例的方法进行中所产生的信息，该计算机可读取介质包括磁盘或光盘、快闪存储器、具有非易失性存储器的USB装置、网络连接存储装置等等。The methods in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented using computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are stored in or provided by computer-readable media. Such instructions may include, for example, instructions and data which cause a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or special purpose processing device to perform some function or group of functions. Some computer resources are accessible via the Internet. Computer-executable instructions may be, for example, binary code, instructions in a relay format such as assembly language, firmware, or source code. Embodiments of computer-readable media can be used to store instructions, use information, and/or information generated during the performance of methods according to the described embodiments, and the computer-readable media include magnetic or optical disks, flash memory, USB devices with volatile memory, network attached storage devices, etc.

依据本发明实现方法实现的装置可包括硬件，固件和/或软件，并使用各种形式因素。形式因素的典型实施例包括笔记型计算机、智慧手机、小型化机构(small formfactor)个人计算机、个人数字助理等等。所述的功能性也可以周边或扩展卡实现。功能性也可藉由其他实施例，由单独装置中电路板上不同芯片或不同程序间的执移动作实现。Means implemented in accordance with the methods of the present invention may include hardware, firmware and/or software, and use a variety of form factors. Typical examples of form factors include notebook computers, smartphones, small formfactor personal computers, personal digital assistants, and the like. The described functionality can also be implemented with peripheral or expansion cards. Functionality may also be implemented in other embodiments by execution between different chips or different programs on a circuit board in a single device.

在使用网络服务器的实施例中，网络服务器可执行各种服务器或中层应用程序，包括HTTP服务器、FTP服务器、CGI服务器、数据服务器、Java服务器以及商业应用程序服务器。服务器也能够相应于用户装置的请求而执行程序或脚本，例如藉由执行一或多个以任意编程语言或其他脚本语言编写的网络应用程序，上述任意编程语言可例如为C、C#或C++，且上述其他脚本语言可例如为Perl、Python或TCL、以及其中一种组合。服务器也可包括数据库服务器，包括但不限于可在开放商业市场上取得的服务器。In embodiments using a web server, the web server may execute various server or mid-level applications, including HTTP servers, FTP servers, CGI servers, data servers, Java servers, and business application servers. The server can also execute programs or scripts in response to requests from user devices, such as by executing one or more web applications written in any programming language or other scripting language, such as C, C# or C++, and the above-mentioned other scripting languages can be, for example, Perl, Python or TCL, and a combination thereof. Servers may also include database servers, including but not limited to those available on the open commercial market.

服务器数据中心可包括上述讨论的各种数据存储以及其他存储器和存储介质。各种数据存储以及其他存储器和存储介质会驻于各种位置之内，例如存储介质本地之上(和/或驻于)一或多台计算机或网络上任意计算机或所有计算机的远端。在实施例的特定组合中，信息可驻于本领域技术人员所熟知的存储局域网络(SAN)之内。类似地，用于执行计算机，服务器或其他网络装置特性功能的任意所需文件可于合适之处在本地和/或远端存储。上述系统包括计算机化装置，每个这种装置可包括通过总线电耦接的硬件元件，元件包括，例如至少一中央处理单元(CPU)、至少一输入装置(例如鼠标、键盘、控制器、触控显示器元素或按键)以及至少一输出装置(例如显示器装置、打印机或喇叭)。此种系统也可包括一或多个存储装置，例如碟机、光学存储装置和固态存储装置例如随机存取存储器(RAM)或只读存储器(ROM)，以及可移除介质装置、存储器卡、快闪卡等等。A server data center may include the various data stores discussed above, as well as other memory and storage media. Various data stores and other memory and storage media may reside in various locations, such as storage media locally on (and/or residing on) one or more computers or remotely from any or all computers on a network. In certain combinations of embodiments, the information may reside within a storage area network (SAN) as is well known to those skilled in the art. Similarly, any required files for performing the specified functions of the computer, server or other network device may be stored locally and/or remotely as appropriate. The system described above includes computerized devices, each of which may include hardware elements electrically coupled via a bus, including, for example, at least one central processing unit (CPU), at least one input device (e.g., mouse, keyboard, controller, touch control display elements or buttons) and at least one output device (such as a display device, printer or speaker). Such systems may also include one or more storage devices, such as disk drives, optical storage devices, and solid state storage devices such as random access memory (RAM) or read only memory (ROM), as well as removable media devices, memory cards, Flash cards and more.

该装置也可包括所述的计算机可读取存储介质读取器、通信装置(例如终端机、网络卡(无线或有线)、红外线运算装置)以及工作存储器。计算机可读取存储介质读取器可连接或用于接收计算机可读取存储介质用于暂时和/或更永久包括、存储、传送、以及提取计算机可读取信息，该计算机可读取存储介质代表远端、本地、固定和/或可移除存储装置以及存储介质。系统和各种装置通常也可包括位于至少一工作存储器装置之内的多个软件应用程序、模块、服务或其他元件，包括操作系统和应用程序程序，例如定制应用程序或网络浏览器。本领域技术人员可知替代实施例具有上述实施例的各种变化型。例如，也可使用定制硬件和/或特定元件可以硬件、软件(包括可携软件、例如小程序(applet))或两者兼有加以实现。另外，也可使用到其他运算装置的连接，该其他运算装置可例如为网络输入/输出装置。The device may also include the computer-readable storage medium reader, a communication device (such as a terminal, a network card (wireless or wired), an infrared computing device) and a working memory. A computer-readable storage medium reader connectable to or operable to receive a computer-readable storage medium for temporarily and/or more permanently including, storing, transmitting, and retrieving computer-readable information from the computer-readable storage medium Represents remote, local, fixed and/or removable storage and storage media. The system and various devices may also typically include a number of software applications, modules, services or other elements, including operating systems and application programs, such as custom applications or web browsers, located within at least one working memory device. Alternative embodiments will be known to those skilled in the art as variations on the above-described embodiments. For example, custom hardware could also be used and/or particular elements could be implemented in hardware, software (including portable software such as applets), or both. Additionally, connections to other computing devices, such as network input/output devices, may also be used.

用以包括编码、或部分编码的存储介质和计算机可读取介质可包括本领域已知或使用的任意合适介质，包括存储介质和运算介质，例如但不限于易失性和非易失性、可移除和不可移除介质，以针对存储和/或信息传输的任意方法或技术实现，例如计算机可读取指令、数据构造、程序模块或其他数据，包括RAM、ROM、EPROM、EEPROM、快闪存储器或其他存储器技术、CD-ROM、数字光盘(digital versatile disk，DVD)或其他光学存储、磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其他磁性存储装置或任意其他用于存储所需信息且会由系统装置存取的介质，。依据本发明技术和教示，本领域技术人员可知其他方式和/或方法用以实现本发明各种实施例。Storage media and computer-readable media used to include code, or portions of code, may include any suitable media known or used in the art, including storage media and computing media, such as, but not limited to, volatile and nonvolatile, Removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage and/or transmission of information, such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, including RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash Flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cartridges, tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage, or any other The medium accessed by the device, . Based on the techniques and teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art may know other ways and/or methods for implementing various embodiments of the present invention.

本发明虽以优选实施例公开如上，然其并非用以限定本发明，本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，当可做些许的更动与润饰，因此本发明的保护范围当视所附权利要求书界定范围为准。Although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so the protection scope of the present invention The scope defined by the appended claims shall prevail.

Claims (8)

1. A server system, comprising:

a switch card including at least one of a Serial Attached small computer system interface (SAS interface) or a Serial ATA (SATA) interface, and a Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) interface; and

a master controller comprising a first compute node and a second compute node;

the first computing node is coupled to a first adapter card, and the second computing node is coupled to a second adapter card;

the first adapter card is connected to the second adapter card;

wherein the switch card is connected to a plurality of storage devices of the server system;

the main controller is used for communicating with the storage device of the server system through at least one of the first adapter card or the second adapter card and the switch card;

the main controller is used for judging that the first adapter card supports at least one SAS hard disk or at least one PCIe solid state hard disk and the second adapter card supports at least one SAS hard disk or at least one PCIe solid state hard disk;

the first adapter card comprises a first SAS controller and a first expander, and the second adapter card comprises a second SAS controller and a second expander; or the first adapter card comprises a first PCIe switcher, and the second adapter card comprises a second PCIe switcher;

wherein the main controller is used for:

determining that the first SAS controller or the first expander is malfunctioning;

when the first SAS controller is judged to be in fault, the main controller communicates with the SAS hard disk of the server system through the second computing node, the second SAS controller of the second adapter card, the second expander of the second adapter card or the first expander of the first adapter card and the switch card; and

when the first expander is judged to have a fault, the main controller communicates with the SAS hard disk of the server system through the second computing node, the second SAS controller of the second adapter card, the second expander of the second adapter card and the switch card, or through the first computing node, the first SAS controller of the first adapter card, the second expander of the second adapter card and the switch card;

or, wherein the master controller is configured to:

determining that the first PCIe switch or the first adapter card is faulty, wherein

When the first PCIe switcher is judged to have a fault, the main controller communicates with the PCIe solid state disk of the server system through the second computing node, the second PCIe switcher of the second adapter card and the switch card, or through the first computing node, the second PCIe switcher of the second adapter card and the switch card; and

when the first adapter card is judged to be in fault, the main controller communicates with the PCIe solid state disk of the server system through the second computing node, the second PCIe switcher of the second adapter card and the switch card.

2. The server system of claim 1, wherein the master controller is configured to:

enabling the SAS interface of the switch card and disabling other types of interfaces of the switch card; and

and communicating with a plurality of SAS hard disks of the server system through at least one of the first adapter card or the second adapter card and the SAS interface of the switch card.

3. The server system of claim 2, wherein the first SAS controller is coupled to the first computing node and the first expander is coupled to the SAS hard disk of the server system via the switch card; and wherein the second SAS controller is coupled to the second computing node, and the second expander is coupled to the SAS hard disk of the server system via the switch card.

4. The server system of claim 3 wherein the first SAS controller is coupled to the first expander and the second SAS controller is coupled to the first expander and the second expander.

5. The server system of claim 1, wherein the master controller is configured to:

enabling the PCIe interface of the switch card and disabling other types of interfaces of the switch card; and

communicating with a plurality of PCIe solid state disks of the server system via at least one of the first adapter card or the second adapter card and the PCIe interface of the switch card.

6. The server system of claim 5, wherein the first PCIe switch is coupled to the PCIe solid state disk of the server system and to the first compute node via the switch card; and wherein the second PCIe switch is coupled to the PCIe solid state disk of the server system and to the second compute node.

7. The server system of claim 6, wherein the first PCIe switch is coupled to the second compute node and the second PCIe switch is coupled to the first compute node.

8. A computer-implemented method for providing support for at least one of a flexible Serial Attached small computer system interface (SAS interface) or a Serial ATA (SATA) interface in a computer system, wherein the computer system includes a first computing node and a second computing node, the method comprising the steps of:

receiving data from two or more adapter cards of the computer system, wherein the two or more adapter cards comprise at least one first adapter card and a second adapter card which support at least one SAS hard disk, at least one SATA hard disk or at least one Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) solid state hard disk;

judging whether the two or more adapter cards support the at least one SAS hard disk, the at least one SATA hard disk or the at least one PCIe solid state hard disk;

enabling a PCIe interface of a switch card of the computer system and disabling other types of interfaces of the switch card in response to determining that the two or more adapter cards support the at least one PCIe solid state disk; and

communicating with a plurality of PCIe solid state disks of the computer system via the two or more adapter cards and the switch card;

the first adapter card comprises a first SAS controller and a first expander, and the second adapter card comprises a second SAS controller and a second expander; or the first adapter card comprises a first PCIe switcher, and the second adapter card comprises a second PCIe switcher;

wherein, it is determined that the first SAS controller or the first expander is malfunctioning;

when the first SAS controller is judged to have a fault, the SAS hard disk of the computer system is communicated with the second SAS controller of the second adapter card through the second computing node, the second SAS controller of the second adapter card, the second expander of the second adapter card or the first expander of the first adapter card and the switch card; and

when the first expander is judged to have a fault, the first computing node, the second SAS controller of the second adapter card, the second expander of the second adapter card and the switch card are used for communicating with the SAS hard disk of the computer system;

or, determining that the first PCIe switcher or the first adapter card has a fault, wherein

When the first PCIe switcher is judged to have a fault, the main controller communicates with the PCIe solid state disk of the computer system through the second computing node, the second PCIe switcher of the second adapter card and the switch card, or through the first computing node, the second PCIe switcher of the second adapter card and the switch card; and

when the first adapter card is judged to be in fault, the main controller communicates with the PCIe solid state disk of the computer system through the second computing node, the second PCIe switcher of the second adapter card and the switch card.