技术领域technical field
本发明涉及物联网技术领域，具体涉及一种同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元时间的方法及系统。The invention relates to the technical field of the Internet of Things, in particular to a method and system for synchronizing the time of an Internet of Things access node and a convergence unit.
背景技术Background technique
物联网通过传感器、射频识别技术、定位技术等将一切事物数字化、网络化，在物品之间、物品与人之间、人与现实环境之间实现高效信息交互方式。时间信息是物联网中的基本参量，在物联网的很多应用中，例如接入节点或物联网终端设备的状态判断、接入节点的相互协同、接入节点的数据融合等，都对时间精度有较高要求，能够协同完成信息采集任务。由于不同应用中时间同步要求不一样，也使得监控、管理这些设备变得困难，因此，时间同步成为了物联网的重要研究课题之一。The Internet of Things digitizes and networks all things through sensors, radio frequency identification technology, positioning technology, etc., and realizes efficient information interaction methods between objects, between objects and people, and between people and the real environment. Time information is a basic parameter in the Internet of Things. In many applications of the Internet of Things, such as the status judgment of access nodes or Internet of Things terminal devices, the mutual coordination of access nodes, and the data fusion of access nodes, etc., time accuracy There are high requirements, and they can cooperate to complete information collection tasks. Due to the different time synchronization requirements in different applications, it also makes it difficult to monitor and manage these devices. Therefore, time synchronization has become one of the important research topics of the Internet of Things.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明实施例公开了一种同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元时间的方法及系统，用于同步物联网中接入节点与汇聚单元之间的时间，实现对物联网设备的有效管理。The embodiment of the present invention discloses a method and system for synchronizing the time of an Internet of Things access node and a convergence unit, which are used to synchronize the time between the access node and the convergence unit in the Internet of Things, and realize effective management of Internet of Things devices.
本发明第一方面公开了一种同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元时间的方法，可包括：The first aspect of the present invention discloses a method for synchronizing the time of an Internet of Things access node and a convergence unit, which may include:
接入节点周期性向过滤网关发送第一数据包，所述第一数据包包括所述接入节点地址信息和所述第一数据包的第一发送时间点；The access node periodically sends a first data packet to the filtering gateway, where the first data packet includes address information of the access node and a first sending time point of the first data packet;
所述过滤网关根据所述第一数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出所述第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将所述第一数据包转发给所述汇聚单元；According to the address information of the access node included in the first data packet, the filtering gateway recognizes that the first data packet is a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table delivered by the converging unit, and forwards the first data packet The data packet is forwarded to the convergence unit;
所述汇聚单元接收所述第一数据包，并返回第二数据包，所述第二数据包包括所述接入节点地址信息、所述第一发送时间点、所述第一数据包的第一接收时间点和所述第二数据包的第二发送时间点；The converging unit receives the first data packet and returns a second data packet, where the second data packet includes the address information of the access node, the first sending time point, and the first data packet of the first data packet. a receiving time point and a second sending time point of the second data packet;
所述过滤网关根据所述第二数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息，从所述转发规则表中识别出所述第二数据包为优先转发数据包，将所述第二数据包转发给所述接入节点；The filtering gateway identifies the second data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table according to the access node address information included in the second data packet, and forwards the second data packet to said access node;
所述接入节点接收所述第二数据包，根据所述第一发送时间点、第一接收时间点、第二发送时间点和接收到所述第二数据包的第二接收时间点，计算所述接入节点与所述汇聚单元之间的时间补偿值，根据所述时间补偿值调整自身的时间。The access node receives the second data packet, and calculates according to the first sending time point, the first receiving time point, the second sending time point, and the second receiving time point when the second data packet is received The time compensation value between the access node and the converging unit adjusts its own time according to the time compensation value.
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第一方面中，所述接入节点周期性向过滤网关发送第一数据包，可包括：As an optional implementation manner, in the first aspect of the present invention, the access node periodically sends the first data packet to the filtering gateway, which may include:
所述接入节点周期性获取其无线网络覆盖范围内的终端设备的设备类型和所述终端设备上传数据的时间段；The access node periodically obtains the device type of the terminal device within its wireless network coverage and the time period during which the terminal device uploads data;
所述接入节点向过滤网关发送第一数据包，所述第一数据包包括所述终端设备的设备类型、所述终端设备上传数据的时间段、所述接入节点地址信息和所述第一数据包的第一发送时间点；The access node sends a first data packet to the filtering gateway, the first data packet includes the device type of the terminal device, the time period for the terminal device to upload data, the address information of the access node, and the first The first sending time point of a data packet;
所述过滤网关根据所述第一数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出所述第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将所述第一数据包转发给所述汇聚单元，包括：According to the address information of the access node included in the first data packet, the filtering gateway recognizes that the first data packet is a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table delivered by the converging unit, and forwards the first data packet The data packet is forwarded to the convergence unit, including:
所述过滤网关根据所述第一数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息、所述终端设备的设备类型和所述终端设备上传数据的时间段，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出所述第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将所述第一数据包转发给所述汇聚单元。According to the access node address information included in the first data packet, the device type of the terminal device, and the time period during which the terminal device uploads data, the filtering gateway identifies from the forwarding rule table issued by the converging unit The first data packet is sent as a priority forwarding data packet, and the first data packet is forwarded to the convergence unit.
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第一方面中，所述过滤网关根据所述第一数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息、所述终端设备的设备类型和所述终端设备上传数据的时间段，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出所述第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将所述第一数据包转发给所述汇聚单元，包括：As an optional implementation manner, in the first aspect of the present invention, the filtering gateway, according to the access node address information included in the first data packet, the device type of the terminal device, and the terminal device During the time period of uploading data, the first data packet is identified as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table issued by the convergence unit, and the first data packet is forwarded to the convergence unit, including:
所述过滤网关从所述转发规则表中查找出与所述第一数据包包括的接入节点地址信息、所述终端设备的设备类型和所述终端设备上传数据的时间段相关联的目标转发优先级，判断所述目标转发优先级是否为所述转发规则表中的最高转发优先级，如果是，将所述第一数据包转发给所述汇聚单元。The filtering gateway finds out from the forwarding rule table the target forwarding associated with the access node address information included in the first data packet, the device type of the terminal device, and the time period when the terminal device uploads data. Priority, judging whether the target forwarding priority is the highest forwarding priority in the forwarding rule table, if yes, forwarding the first data packet to the convergence unit.
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第一方面中，所述第一数据包还包括方向指示标识；所述过滤网关根据所述第一数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出所述第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将所述第一数据包转发给所述汇聚单元包括：As an optional implementation manner, in the first aspect of the present invention, the first data packet further includes a direction indicator; the filtering gateway, according to the access node address information included in the first data packet, Recognizing that the first data packet is a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table issued by the convergence unit, forwarding the first data packet to the convergence unit includes:
所述过滤网关根据所述第一数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出所述第一数据包为优先转发数据包，以及根据所述第一数据包包括的方向指示标识，将所述第一数据包转发给所述汇聚单元。According to the access node address information included in the first data packet, the filtering gateway recognizes that the first data packet is a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table issued by the converging unit, and according to the first data packet A direction indicator included in a data packet, forwarding the first data packet to the convergence unit.
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第一方面中，所述第二数据包还包括方向指示标识，所述过滤网关根据所述第二数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息，从所述转发规则表中识别出所述第二数据包为优先转发数据包，将所述第二数据包转发给所述接入节点，包括：As an optional implementation manner, in the first aspect of the present invention, the second data packet further includes a direction indicator, and the filtering gateway, according to the access node address information included in the second data packet, Identifying the second data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table, and forwarding the second data packet to the access node includes:
所述过滤网关根据所述第二数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息，从所述转发规则表中识别出所述第二数据包为优先转发数据包，以及根据所述第二数据包包括的方向指示标识，将所述第二数据包转发给所述接入节点。The filtering gateway recognizes from the forwarding rule table that the second data packet is a preferentially forwarded data packet according to the access node address information included in the second data packet, and according to the second data packet The included direction indicator is used to forward the second data packet to the access node.
本发明第二方面公开了一种同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元时间的系统，可包括：The second aspect of the present invention discloses a system for synchronizing the time of an Internet of Things access node and a convergence unit, which may include:
接入节点，用于周期性向过滤网关发送第一数据包，所述第一数据包包括所述接入节点地址信息和所述第一数据包的第一发送时间点；An access node, configured to periodically send a first data packet to the filtering gateway, where the first data packet includes address information of the access node and a first sending time point of the first data packet;
所述过滤网关，用于根据所述第一数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出所述第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将所述第一数据包转发给所述汇聚单元；The filtering gateway is configured to, according to the access node address information included in the first data packet, identify the first data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table delivered by the converging unit, and forward the first data packet to The first data packet is forwarded to the convergence unit;
所述汇聚单元，用于接收所述第一数据包，并返回第二数据包，所述第二数据包包括所述接入节点地址信息、所述第一发送时间点、所述第一数据包的第一接收时间点和所述第二数据包的第二发送时间点；The converging unit is configured to receive the first data packet and return a second data packet, the second data packet includes the access node address information, the first sending time point, the first data packet a first receiving time point of the packet and a second sending time point of the second data packet;
所述过滤网关还用于，根据所述第二数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息，从所述转发规则表中识别出所述第二数据包为优先转发数据包，将所述第二数据包转发给所述接入节点；The filtering gateway is further configured to, according to the access node address information included in the second data packet, identify the second data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table, and forward the first The second data packet is forwarded to the access node;
所述接入节点还用于，接收所述第二数据包，根据所述第一发送时间点、第一接收时间点、第二发送时间点和接收到所述第二数据包的第二接收时间点，计算所述接入节点与所述汇聚单元之间的时间补偿值，根据所述时间补偿值调整自身的时间。The access node is further configured to receive the second data packet, according to the first sending time point, the first receiving time point, the second sending time point, and the second receiving time of receiving the second data packet At a time point, calculate a time compensation value between the access node and the aggregation unit, and adjust its own time according to the time compensation value.
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第二方面中，所述接入节点用于周期性向过滤网关发送第一数据包的方式具体为：As an optional implementation manner, in the second aspect of the present invention, the manner in which the access node periodically sends the first data packet to the filtering gateway is specifically:
所述接入节点用于周期性获取其无线网络覆盖范围内的终端设备的设备类型和所述终端设备上传数据的时间段；The access node is used to periodically obtain the device type of the terminal device within its wireless network coverage and the time period for the terminal device to upload data;
所述接入节点还用于向过滤网关发送第一数据包，所述第一数据包包括所述终端设备的设备类型、所述终端设备上传数据的时间段、所述接入节点地址信息和所述第一数据包的第一发送时间点；The access node is further configured to send a first data packet to the filtering gateway, the first data packet includes the device type of the terminal device, the time period for uploading data by the terminal device, the address information of the access node and The first sending time point of the first data packet;
所述过滤网关还用于根据所述第一数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出所述第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将所述第一数据包转发给所述汇聚单元的方式具体为：The filtering gateway is further configured to, according to the access node address information included in the first data packet, identify the first data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table issued by the converging unit, and forward the first data packet to The manner in which the first data packet is forwarded to the convergence unit is specifically:
所述过滤网关还用于根据所述第一数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息、所述终端设备的设备类型和所述终端设备上传数据的时间段，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出所述第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将所述第一数据包转发给所述汇聚单元。The filtering gateway is further configured to, according to the address information of the access node included in the first data packet, the device type of the terminal device, and the time period during which the terminal device uploads data, set the forwarding rule issued by the converging unit The first data packet is identified in the table as a preferentially forwarded data packet, and the first data packet is forwarded to the convergence unit.
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第二方面中，所述过滤网关还用于根据所述第一数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息、所述终端设备的设备类型和所述终端设备上传数据的时间段，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出所述第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将所述第一数据包转发给所述汇聚单元的方式具体为：As an optional implementation manner, in the second aspect of the present invention, the filtering gateway is further configured to, according to the access node address information included in the first data packet, the device type of the terminal device, and the The time period during which the terminal device uploads data, the first data packet is identified as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table issued by the convergence unit, and the method of forwarding the first data packet to the convergence unit is specifically as follows :
所述过滤网关还用于从所述转发规则表中查找出与所述第一数据包包括的接入节点地址信息、所述终端设备的设备类型和所述终端设备上传数据的时间段相关联的目标转发优先级，判断所述目标转发优先级是否为所述转发规则表中的最高转发优先级，如果是，将所述第一数据包转发给所述汇聚单元。The filtering gateway is further configured to find out from the forwarding rule table the information associated with the access node address information included in the first data packet, the device type of the terminal device, and the time period during which the terminal device uploads data. determine whether the target forwarding priority is the highest forwarding priority in the forwarding rule table, and if yes, forward the first data packet to the convergence unit.
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第二方面中，所述第一数据包还包括方向指示标识；所述过滤网关用于根据所述第一数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出所述第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将所述第一数据包转发给所述汇聚单元的方式具体为：As an optional implementation manner, in the second aspect of the present invention, the first data packet further includes a direction indicator; the filtering gateway is configured to information, identifying the first data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table issued by the convergence unit, and the method of forwarding the first data packet to the convergence unit is specifically:
所述过滤网关用于根据所述第一数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出所述第一数据包为优先转发数据包，以及根据所述第一数据包包括的方向指示标识，将所述第一数据包转发给所述汇聚单元。The filtering gateway is configured to, according to the access node address information included in the first data packet, identify the first data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table delivered by the converging unit, and according to the the direction indicator included in the first data packet, and forward the first data packet to the convergence unit.
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第二方面中，所述第二数据包还包括方向指示标识，所述过滤网关还用于根据所述第二数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息，从所述转发规则表中识别出所述第二数据包为优先转发数据包，将所述第二数据包转发给所述接入节点的方式具体为：As an optional implementation manner, in the second aspect of the present invention, the second data packet further includes a direction indicator, and the filtering gateway is further configured to Address information, identifying the second data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table, and the method of forwarding the second data packet to the access node is specifically:
所述过滤网关还用于根据所述第二数据包包括的所述接入节点地址信息，从所述转发规则表中识别出所述第二数据包为优先转发数据包，以及根据所述第二数据包包括的方向指示标识，将所述第二数据包转发给所述接入节点。The filtering gateway is further configured to identify from the forwarding rule table that the second data packet is a preferentially forwarded data packet according to the access node address information included in the second data packet, and according to the first The direction indicator included in the second data packet is used to forward the second data packet to the access node.
与现有技术相比，本发明实施例具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
在本发明实施例中，接入节点周期性向过滤网关发送第一数据包，该第一数据包包括接入节点地址信息和第一数据包的第一发送时间点，然后过滤网关根据第一数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元，汇聚单元接收第一数据包后，对第一数据包做出响应，返回包括接入节点地址信息、第一发送时间点、第一数据包的第一接收时间点和第二数据包的第二发送时间点的第二数据包，过滤网关根据第二数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，确定第二数据包为优先转发数据包，将第二数据包转发给接入节点，最后，接入节点根据第一发送时间点、第一接收时间点、第二发送时间点和接收第二数据包的第二接收时间点，计算接入节点与汇聚单元之间的时间补偿值，根据时间补偿值调整其自身的时间，从而同步接入节点与汇聚单元之间的时间，便于汇聚单元管理物联网设备(包括接入节点、终端设备等)。In the embodiment of the present invention, the access node periodically sends the first data packet to the filtering gateway, the first data packet includes the address information of the access node and the first sending time point of the first data packet, and then the filtering gateway The access node address information included in the packet identifies the first data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table issued by the convergence unit, forwards the first data packet to the convergence unit, and after the convergence unit receives the first data packet, responding to the first data packet, returning a second data packet including access node address information, a first sending time point, a first receiving time point of the first data packet, and a second sending time point of the second data packet, The filtering gateway determines that the second data packet is a priority forwarding data packet according to the access node address information included in the second data packet, and forwards the second data packet to the access node. Finally, the access node The first receiving time point, the second sending time point and the second receiving time point of receiving the second data packet, calculate the time compensation value between the access node and the convergence unit, and adjust its own time according to the time compensation value, thereby synchronously receiving The time between the ingress node and the convergence unit is convenient for the convergence unit to manage IoT devices (including access nodes, terminal devices, etc.).
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without making creative efforts.
图1为本发明一些实施例公开的物联网架构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the Internet of Things architecture disclosed by some embodiments of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例公开的同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元时间的方法的流程示意图；2 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for synchronizing the time of an Internet of Things access node and a convergence unit disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例公开的同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元时间的方法的另一流程示意图；FIG. 3 is another schematic flowchart of a method for synchronizing the time of an Internet of Things access node and a convergence unit disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例公开的同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元时间的系统的结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for synchronizing the time of an Internet of Things access node and a convergence unit disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
需要说明的是，本发明实施例的术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or process that includes a series of steps or units. The apparatus is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to the process, method, product or apparatus.
本发明实施例公开了一种同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元时间的方法，用于同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元之间的时间，便于汇聚单元管理物联网设备，如接入节点。本发明实施例相应地公开了一种同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元时间的系统。The embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for synchronizing time between an Internet of Things access node and a convergence unit, which is used for synchronizing time between an Internet of Things access node and a convergence unit, and facilitates the convergence unit to manage Internet of Things devices, such as access nodes. The embodiment of the present invention correspondingly discloses a system for synchronizing the time of an Internet of Things access node and a convergence unit.
在介绍本发明技术方案之前，先简单介绍本发明一些实施例公开的物联网架构，图1为本发明一些实施例公开的物联网架构示意图，需要说明的是，图1仅为本发明一些实施例公开的物联网架构示意图，其它在图1基础上进行优化或者变形得到的示意图均属于本发明的保护范围，在此不再一一举例。图1所示的物联网架构按照功能划分可以包括终端设备层、接入节点层以及汇聚层三个层。其中，终端设备层可以包括海量规模的终端设备，例如湿度计、烟感器、通风设备、雨量传感器、灌溉阀等等；接入节点层可以包括网络连接的大量的接入节点，接入节点可以包括路由器、中继器、接入点等设备，本发明实施例不作限定；接入节点可以使用任何标准的组网协议，而且接入节点可以在不同的网络制式之间实现数据解析；汇聚层可以包括过滤网关和汇聚单元，其中，过滤网关可以通过互联网与接入节点层的各个接入节点直接或间接通讯连接(在图中未全部示出)；汇聚单元可以通过过滤网关对接入节点层的各个接入节点进行高层管理，从而实现数据传输频率、网络拓扑以及其他组网功能的控制；汇聚单元不仅可以对海量终端设备产生的物联网数据进行分析和决策，还可以通过发指令去获取信息或者配置终端设备参数(此时数据的传输指向终端设备)；汇聚单元还可以引入各种业务，从大数据到社交网络、甚至从社交工具“点赞”到天气分享等。在图1所示的物联网架构中，每一个接入节点可以为其自身无线网络覆盖范围内的海量终端设备提供物联网数据收发服务，其中，每一个接入节点自身无线网络覆盖范围内的每一个终端设备可以内置有无线通讯模块，这使得每一个接入节点可以通过无线网络通讯方式与自身无线网络覆盖范围内的每一个终端设备进行无线通讯。在图1所示的物联网架构中，终端设备内置的无线通讯模块在生产时，可以输入上频点470MHz，下频点510MHz，这样无线通讯模块可以自动将通讯频段定义为470MHz～510MHz，以符合中国SRRC标准的规定；或者，也可以输入上频点868MHz，下频点908MHz，这样无线通讯模块可以自动将通讯频段定义为868MHz～908MHz，以符合欧洲ETSI标准的规定；或者，可以输入上频点918MHz，下频点928MHz，这样无线通讯模块可以自动将通讯频段定义为918MHz～928MHz，以符合美国FCC标准的规定；或者，无线通讯模块的通讯频段也可以定义为符合日本ARIB标准或加拿大IC标准的规定，本发明实施例不作限定。在图1所示的物联网架构中，终端设备可以采用频分复用(Frequency Division Multiple Access，FDMA)、跳频(Frequency-Hopping SpreadSpectrum，FHSS)、动态时分复用(Dynamic Time Division Multiple Access，DTDMA)、退避复用(CSMA)相结合的方法来解决干扰问题。Before introducing the technical solutions of the present invention, a brief introduction to the Internet of Things architecture disclosed in some embodiments of the present invention is given. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the Internet of Things architecture disclosed in some embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that Figure 1 is only some implementations of the present invention The schematic diagram of the Internet of Things architecture disclosed in the example, and other schematic diagrams obtained by optimizing or deforming on the basis of FIG. 1 all belong to the protection scope of the present invention, and are not exemplified here one by one. The IoT architecture shown in FIG. 1 may be divided into three layers according to functions: a terminal device layer, an access node layer, and an aggregation layer. Among them, the terminal device layer may include a large number of terminal devices, such as hygrometers, smoke detectors, ventilation equipment, rainfall sensors, irrigation valves, etc.; the access node layer may include a large number of access nodes connected to the network, and the access node It can include routers, repeaters, access points and other equipment, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present invention; the access nodes can use any standard networking protocol, and the access nodes can implement data analysis between different network standards; aggregation The layer can include a filtering gateway and a converging unit, wherein the filtering gateway can directly or indirectly communicate with each access node of the access node layer through the Internet (not all shown in the figure); Each access node at the node layer performs high-level management, so as to realize the control of data transmission frequency, network topology and other networking functions; the convergence unit can not only analyze and make decisions on the IoT data generated by massive terminal devices, but also To obtain information or configure terminal device parameters (at this time, the data transmission points to the terminal device); the aggregation unit can also introduce various services, from big data to social networks, and even from social tools "like" to weather sharing, etc. In the IoT architecture shown in Figure 1, each access node can provide IoT data sending and receiving services for a large number of terminal devices within its own wireless network coverage, wherein each access node within its own wireless network coverage Each terminal device may have a built-in wireless communication module, which enables each access node to communicate wirelessly with each terminal device within its own wireless network coverage through wireless network communication. In the Internet of Things architecture shown in Figure 1, when the wireless communication module built in the terminal equipment is produced, it can input an upper frequency point of 470MHz and a lower frequency point of 510MHz, so that the wireless communication module can automatically define the communication frequency band as 470MHz~510MHz. Comply with the provisions of the Chinese SRRC standard; or, you can also input the upper frequency point of 868MHz and the lower frequency point of 908MHz, so that the wireless communication module can automatically define the communication frequency band as 868MHz~908MHz to meet the requirements of the European ETSI standard; or, you can input the upper frequency point The frequency point is 918MHz, and the lower frequency point is 928MHz. In this way, the wireless communication module can automatically define the communication frequency band as 918MHz~928MHz to meet the regulations of the FCC standard of the United States; or, the communication frequency band of the wireless communication module can also be defined as conforming to the Japanese ARIB standard or the Canadian standard. The provisions of the IC standard are not limited by the embodiments of the present invention. In the IoT architecture shown in Figure 1, terminal devices can use frequency division multiplexing (Frequency Division Multiple Access, FDMA), frequency hopping (Frequency-Hopping SpreadSpectrum, FHSS), dynamic time division multiplexing (Dynamic Time Division Multiple Access, DTDMA) and back-off multiplexing (CSMA) to solve the interference problem.
基于图1所示的物联网架构，下面将结合具体实施例，对本发明技术方案进行详细说明。Based on the Internet of Things architecture shown in FIG. 1 , the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
实施例一Embodiment one
请参阅图2，图2为本发明实施例公开的同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元时间的方法的流程示意图；如图2所示，一种同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元时间的方法可包括：Please refer to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for synchronizing the time of an Internet of Things access node and a convergence unit disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in FIG. 2, a method for synchronizing the time of an Internet of Things access node and a convergence unit May include:
201、接入节点周期性向过滤网关发送第一数据包，该第一数据包包括接入节点地址信息和第一数据包的第一发送时间点；201. The access node periodically sends a first data packet to the filtering gateway, where the first data packet includes access node address information and a first sending time point of the first data packet;
其中，接入节点地址信息可以为接入节点所在的某一个应用场所对应的物理地址，比如设置在某个停车场中的接入节点，接入节点地址信息为该停车场所在的物理地址。或者，接入节点地址信息还可以是包括了其覆盖的某一个应用场所物理地址的地址。Wherein, the access node address information may be a physical address corresponding to a certain application place where the access node is located, for example, for an access node installed in a certain parking lot, the access node address information is the physical address where the parking lot is located. Alternatively, the address information of the access node may also be an address including the physical address of a certain application site covered by it.
作为一种可选的实施方式，接入节点可以从传输频段中选择专用子载波信道，然后周期性地采用专用子载波信道向过滤网关发送第一数据包。As an optional implementation manner, the access node may select a dedicated sub-carrier channel from the transmission frequency band, and then periodically use the dedicated sub-carrier channel to send the first data packet to the filtering gateway.
进一步地，接入节点可以采用跳频方式从传输频段中选择专用子载波信道，然后周期性地采用专用子载波信道向过滤网关发送第一数据包。Further, the access node may select a dedicated sub-carrier channel from the transmission frequency band in a frequency hopping manner, and then periodically use the dedicated sub-carrier channel to send the first data packet to the filtering gateway.
举例来说，专用子载波信道可以在100MHz～1GHz之间以跳频方式选择，选择出100MHz～1GHz之间的一个子载波信道作为发送第一数据包的专用子载波信道。另外，专用子载波信道也可以根据信道的质量选择信道质量较好的子载波信道作为专用子载波信道。For example, the dedicated sub-carrier channel may be selected in a frequency hopping manner between 100 MHz and 1 GHz, and a sub-carrier channel between 100 MHz and 1 GHz is selected as the dedicated sub-carrier channel for sending the first data packet. In addition, the dedicated subcarrier channel may also select a subcarrier channel with better channel quality as the dedicated subcarrier channel according to the channel quality.
202、过滤网关根据第一数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元；202. According to the access node address information included in the first data packet, the filtering gateway identifies the first data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table issued by the convergence unit, and forwards the first data packet to the convergence unit;
转发规则表中包括接入节点地址信息与转发优先级的关联关系，根据接入节点地址信息查找到转发优先级，如果确定出该转发优先级为转发规则表中的最高转发优先级时，也就是识别出第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元。The forwarding rule table includes the association relationship between the access node address information and the forwarding priority. The forwarding priority is found according to the access node address information. If the forwarding priority is determined to be the highest forwarding priority in the forwarding rule table, it is also That is, the first data packet is identified as a preferentially forwarded data packet, and the first data packet is forwarded to the converging unit.
作为一种可选的实施方式，在步骤201中，接入节点周期性向过滤网关发送第一数据包包括：接入节点周期性获取其无线网络覆盖范围内的终端设备的设备类型和终端设备上传数据的时间段；接入节点向过滤网关发送第一数据包，第一数据包包括终端设备的设备类型、终端设备上传数据的时间段、接入节点地址信息和第一数据包的第一发送时间点。在该实施方式中，接入节点地址信息与终端设备的地址信息相同，或者接入节点地址信息包括终端设备的地址信息在内。As an optional implementation manner, in step 201, the periodic sending of the first data packet by the access node to the filtering gateway includes: the access node periodically obtains the device type of the terminal device within its wireless network coverage and the terminal device uploads The time period of the data; the access node sends the first data packet to the filtering gateway, the first data packet includes the device type of the terminal device, the time period for the terminal device to upload data, the address information of the access node and the first transmission of the first data packet point in time. In this embodiment, the address information of the access node is the same as the address information of the terminal device, or the address information of the access node includes the address information of the terminal device.
进而，在步骤202中过滤网关根据第一数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元包括：过滤网关根据第一数据包包括的接入节点地址信息、终端设备的设备类型和终端设备上传数据的时间段，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元。在该实施方式中，转发规则表中包括了接入节点地址信息、终端设备的设备类型、终端设备上传数据的时间段与转发优先级的关联关系，根据接入节点地址信息、终端设备的设备类型、终端设备上传数据的时间段查找到目标转发优先级，如果确定出该目标转发优先级为转发规则表中的最高转发优先级时，也就是识别出第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元。Furthermore, in step 202, according to the access node address information included in the first data packet, the filtering gateway identifies the first data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table issued by the convergence unit, and forwards the first data packet to The converging unit includes: the filtering gateway identifies the first data packet from the forwarding rule table issued by the converging unit as The data packets are forwarded preferentially, and the first data packet is forwarded to the converging unit. In this embodiment, the forwarding rule table includes the association relationship between the access node address information, the device type of the terminal device, the time period for the terminal device to upload data, and the forwarding priority. According to the access node address information, the device type of the terminal device Type, the time period when the terminal device uploads data to find the target forwarding priority, if it is determined that the target forwarding priority is the highest forwarding priority in the forwarding rule table, that is, the first data packet is identified as the priority forwarding data packet, Forward the first data packet to the convergence unit.
203、汇聚单元接收第一数据包，并返回第二数据包，第二数据包包括接入节点地址信息、第一发送时间点、第一数据包的第一接收时间点和第二数据包的第二发送时间点；203. The converging unit receives the first data packet and returns a second data packet, the second data packet includes access node address information, the first sending time point, the first receiving time point of the first data packet, and the time point of the second data packet The second sending time point;
作为一种可选的实施方式，汇聚单元可以从传输频段中选择专用子载波信道，然后采用专用子载波信道返回第二数据包。As an optional implementation manner, the converging unit may select a dedicated sub-carrier channel from the transmission frequency band, and then use the dedicated sub-carrier channel to return the second data packet.
进一步地，汇聚单元可以采用跳频方式从传输频段中选择专用子载波信道，然后采用专用子载波信道返回第二数据包。Further, the converging unit may select a dedicated sub-carrier channel from the transmission frequency band in a frequency hopping manner, and then use the dedicated sub-carrier channel to return the second data packet.
举例来说，专用子载波信道可以在100MHz～1GHz之间以跳频方式选择，选择出100MHz～1GHz之间的一个子载波信道作为发送第二数据包的专用子载波信道。另外，专用子载波信道也可以根据信道的质量选择信道质量较好的子载波信道作为专用子载波信道。For example, the dedicated sub-carrier channel may be selected in a frequency hopping manner between 100 MHz and 1 GHz, and a sub-carrier channel between 100 MHz and 1 GHz is selected as the dedicated sub-carrier channel for sending the second data packet. In addition, the dedicated subcarrier channel may also select a subcarrier channel with better channel quality as the dedicated subcarrier channel according to the channel quality.
204、过滤网关根据第二数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，从转发规则表中识别出第二数据包为优先转发数据包，将第二数据包转发给接入节点；204. The filtering gateway identifies the second data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table according to the access node address information included in the second data packet, and forwards the second data packet to the access node;
205、接入节点接收第二数据包，根据第一发送时间点、第一接收时间点、第二发送时间点和接收到第二数据包的第二接收时间点，计算接入节点与汇聚单元之间的时间补偿值，根据时间补偿值调整自身的时间。205. The access node receives the second data packet, and according to the first sending time point, the first receiving time point, the second sending time point, and the second receiving time point of receiving the second data packet, calculates the access node and the convergence unit The time compensation value between, adjust the own time according to the time compensation value.
实际情况下，从接入节点到汇聚单元之间，以及汇聚单元到接入节点之间都存在着网络时延，但是由于这两种网络时延是双向的，符合平均值为0，因此，接入节点与汇聚单元之间的时间补偿值如下公式所示：In reality, there is a network delay between the access node and the aggregation unit, and between the aggregation unit and the access node. However, since the two network delays are bidirectional, the average value is 0. Therefore, The time compensation value between the access node and the aggregation unit is shown in the following formula:
接入节点与汇聚单元之间的时间补偿值＝【(第一接收时间点-第一发送时间点)-(第二接收时间点-第二发送时间点)】/2；The time compensation value between the access node and the converging unit=[(the first receiving time point-the first sending time point)-(the second receiving time point-the second sending time point)]/2;
接入节点根据时间补偿值调整自身的时间，使得接入节点时间与汇聚单元同步。在本发明实施例中，也以汇聚单元的时钟作为标准时钟，接入节点的时钟作为待调整时钟。The access node adjusts its own time according to the time compensation value, so that the time of the access node is synchronized with the converging unit. In the embodiment of the present invention, the clock of the aggregation unit is also used as the standard clock, and the clock of the access node is used as the clock to be adjusted.
第一发送时间点、第一接收时间点、第二发送时间点和第二接收时间点为(时，分，秒)对应的绝对时间。The first sending time point, the first receiving time point, the second sending time point and the second receiving time point are absolute times corresponding to (hour, minute, second).
在本发明实施例中，接入节点周期性向过滤网关发送第一数据包，该第一数据包包括接入节点地址信息和第一数据包的第一发送时间点，然后过滤网关根据第一数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元，汇聚单元接收第一数据包后，对第一数据包做出响应，返回包括接入节点地址信息、第一发送时间点、第一数据包的第一接收时间点和第二数据包的第二发送时间点的第二数据包，过滤网关根据第二数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，确定第二数据包为优先转发数据包，将第二数据包转发给接入节点，最后，接入节点根据第一发送时间点、第一接收时间点、第二发送时间点和接收第二数据包的第二接收时间点，计算接入节点与汇聚单元之间的时间补偿值，根据时间补偿值调整其自身的时间，从而同步接入节点与汇聚单元之间的时间，便于汇聚单元管理物联网设备(包括接入节点、终端设备等)。In the embodiment of the present invention, the access node periodically sends the first data packet to the filtering gateway, the first data packet includes the address information of the access node and the first sending time point of the first data packet, and then the filtering gateway The access node address information included in the packet identifies the first data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table issued by the convergence unit, forwards the first data packet to the convergence unit, and after the convergence unit receives the first data packet, responding to the first data packet, returning a second data packet including access node address information, a first sending time point, a first receiving time point of the first data packet, and a second sending time point of the second data packet, The filtering gateway determines that the second data packet is a priority forwarding data packet according to the access node address information included in the second data packet, and forwards the second data packet to the access node. Finally, the access node The first receiving time point, the second sending time point and the second receiving time point of receiving the second data packet, calculate the time compensation value between the access node and the convergence unit, and adjust its own time according to the time compensation value, thereby synchronously receiving The time between the ingress node and the convergence unit is convenient for the convergence unit to manage IoT devices (including access nodes, terminal devices, etc.).
实施例二Embodiment two
请参阅图3，图3为本发明实施例公开的同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元时间的方法的另一流程示意图；如图3所示，一种同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元时间的方法可包括：Please refer to FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is another schematic flowchart of a method for synchronizing the time of an Internet of Things access node and a convergence unit disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in FIG. Methods can include:
301、接入节点周期性向过滤网关发送第一数据包，该第一数据包包括接入节点地址信息、方向指示标识和第一数据包的第一发送时间点；301. The access node periodically sends a first data packet to the filtering gateway, where the first data packet includes access node address information, a direction indicator, and a first sending time point of the first data packet;
在该实施例中，第一数据包还包括方向指示标识，该方向指示标识用于指示该第一数据包的传输方向，传输方向包括接入节点-汇聚单元、汇聚单元-接入节点，而第一数据包中的方向指示标识是用于指示第一数据包的传输方向从接入节点到汇聚单元。In this embodiment, the first data packet further includes a direction indicator, and the direction indicator is used to indicate the transmission direction of the first data packet, and the transmission direction includes access node-convergence unit, convergence unit-access node, and The direction indicator in the first data packet is used to indicate the transmission direction of the first data packet from the access node to the convergence unit.
其中，方向指示标识采用第一数据包中的专用比特位表示，可以简单地指示出第一数据包的传输方向。Wherein, the direction indicator is represented by a dedicated bit in the first data packet, which can simply indicate the transmission direction of the first data packet.
302、过滤网关根据第一数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出第一数据包为优先转发数据包，以及根据第一数据包包括的方向指示标识，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元；302. According to the access node address information included in the first data packet, the filtering gateway identifies the first data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table delivered by the converging unit, and according to the direction indicator included in the first data packet , forwarding the first data packet to the convergence unit;
过滤网关从第一数据包的专用比特位中读取方向指示标识，根据方向指示标识识别出第一数据包的传输方向，然后将第一数据包发送出去。The filtering gateway reads the direction indicator from the dedicated bit of the first data packet, identifies the transmission direction of the first data packet according to the direction indicator, and then sends the first data packet.
作为一种可选的实施方式，过滤网关根据第一数据包包括的方向指示标识，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元之前，过滤网关判断汇聚单元的工作负荷是否超过预设阈值，如果未超过预设阈值(等于或者小于预设阈值)，根据第一数据包包括的方向指示标识，将第一数据包发送给汇聚单元；如果超过预设阈值，则等待汇聚单元的工作负荷低于该预设阈值时，根据第一数据包包括的方向指示标识，将第一数据包发送给汇聚单元。As an optional implementation, before the filtering gateway forwards the first data packet to the convergence unit according to the direction indicator included in the first data packet, the filtering gateway judges whether the workload of the convergence unit exceeds a preset threshold, if not A preset threshold (equal to or less than the preset threshold), according to the direction indicator included in the first data packet, the first data packet is sent to the aggregation unit; if it exceeds the preset threshold, wait for the workload of the aggregation unit to be lower than the preset threshold When the threshold is set, the first data packet is sent to the converging unit according to the direction indicator included in the first data packet.
进一步地，过滤网关根据第一数据包包括的方向指示标识，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元之前，过滤网关接收汇聚单元发送的负荷指示，过滤网关在确定负荷指示表明了汇聚单元的工作负荷超过阈值时，则等待汇聚单元的工作负荷低于该阈值时，根据第一数据包包括的方向指示标识，将第一数据包发送给汇聚单元；过滤网关在确定负荷指示表明了汇聚单元的工作负荷未超过阈值(等于或者小于阈值)时，根据第一数据包包括的方向指示标识，将第一数据包发送给汇聚单元。Further, before the filtering gateway forwards the first data packet to the aggregation unit according to the direction indicator included in the first data packet, the filtering gateway receives the load indication sent by the aggregation unit, and the filtering gateway determines that the load indication indicates the workload of the aggregation unit When the threshold is exceeded, when the workload of the aggregation unit is lower than the threshold, the first data packet is sent to the aggregation unit according to the direction indicator included in the first data packet; the filtering gateway indicates that the work load of the aggregation unit is When the load does not exceed the threshold (equal to or less than the threshold), the first data packet is sent to the converging unit according to the direction indicator included in the first data packet.
在上述实施方式中，过滤网关实时监控汇聚单元的工作负荷，能够有效控制汇聚单元的工作负荷，避免因汇聚单元的工作负荷过大时造成数据丢失或者造成汇聚单元系统崩溃。In the above embodiments, the filtering gateway monitors the workload of the convergence unit in real time, which can effectively control the workload of the convergence unit, and avoid data loss or system collapse of the convergence unit when the workload of the convergence unit is too large.
303、汇聚单元接收第一数据包，并返回第二数据包，第二数据包包括接入节点地址信息、方向指示标识、第一发送时间点、第一数据包的第一接收时间点和第二数据包的第二发送时间点；303. The converging unit receives the first data packet and returns a second data packet, the second data packet includes access node address information, a direction indicator, the first sending time point, the first receiving time point of the first data packet, and the second The second sending time point of the second data packet;
同样，第二数据包还包括方向指示标识，该方向指示标识用于指示该第二数据包的传输方向，而第二数据包中的方向指示标识是用于指示第二数据包的传输方向从汇聚单元到接入节点。其中，方向指示标识采用第二数据包中的专用比特位表示，可以简单地指示出第二数据包的传输方向。Similarly, the second data packet also includes a direction indicator, which is used to indicate the transmission direction of the second data packet, and the direction indicator in the second data packet is used to indicate that the transmission direction of the second data packet is from Aggregation unit to access node. Wherein, the direction indicator is represented by a dedicated bit in the second data packet, which can simply indicate the transmission direction of the second data packet.
304、过滤网关根据第二数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，从转发规则表中识别出第二数据包为优先转发数据包，以及根据第二数据包包括的方向指示标识，将第二数据包转发给接入节点；304. The filtering gateway identifies the second data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table according to the access node address information included in the second data packet, and forwards the second data packet according to the direction indicator included in the second data packet The packet is forwarded to the access node;
过滤网关从第二数据包的专用比特位中读取方向指示标识，根据方向指示标识识别出第二数据包的传输方向，然后将第二数据包发送出去。The filtering gateway reads the direction indicator from the dedicated bit of the second data packet, identifies the transmission direction of the second data packet according to the direction indicator, and then sends the second data packet.
305、接入节点接收第二数据包，根据第一发送时间点、第一接收时间点、第二发送时间点和接收到第二数据包的第二接收时间点，计算接入节点与汇聚单元之间的时间补偿值，根据时间补偿值调整自身的时间。305. The access node receives the second data packet, and calculates the access node and the aggregation unit according to the first sending time point, the first receiving time point, the second sending time point, and the second receiving time point of receiving the second data packet The time compensation value between, adjust the own time according to the time compensation value.
在本发明实施例中，接入节点周期性向过滤网关发送第一数据包，该第一数据包包括接入节点地址信息、方向指示标识和第一数据包的第一发送时间点，然后过滤网关根据第一数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元下发的转发规则表中识别出第一数据包为优先转发数据包，根据第一数据包的方向指示标识将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元，汇聚单元接收第一数据包后，对第一数据包做出响应，返回包括接入节点地址信息、方向指示标识、第一发送时间点、第一数据包的第一接收时间点和第二数据包的第二发送时间点的第二数据包，过滤网关根据第二数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，确定第二数据包为优先转发数据包，根据第二数据包的方向指示标识将第二数据包转发给接入节点，最后，接入节点根据第一发送时间点、第一接收时间点、第二发送时间点和接收第二数据包的第二接收时间点，计算接入节点与汇聚单元之间的时间补偿值，根据时间补偿值调整其自身的时间，从而同步接入节点与汇聚单元之间的时间，便于汇聚单元管理物联网设备(包括接入节点、终端设备等)。In the embodiment of the present invention, the access node periodically sends the first data packet to the filtering gateway, the first data packet includes the address information of the access node, the direction indicator and the first sending time point of the first data packet, and then the filtering gateway According to the access node address information included in the first data packet, identify the first data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table issued by the convergence unit, and forward the first data packet according to the direction indicator of the first data packet To the convergence unit, after the convergence unit receives the first data packet, it responds to the first data packet, and returns information including access node address information, direction indicator, first sending time point, and first receiving time point of the first data packet and the second data packet at the second sending time point of the second data packet, the filtering gateway determines that the second data packet is a priority forwarding data packet according to the access node address information included in the second data packet, and according to the direction of the second data packet Instructing the identity to forward the second data packet to the access node, and finally, the access node calculates according to the first sending time point, the first receiving time point, the second sending time point and the second receiving time point of receiving the second data packet The time compensation value between the access node and the convergence unit adjusts its own time according to the time compensation value, thereby synchronizing the time between the access node and the convergence unit, which is convenient for the convergence unit to manage IoT devices (including access nodes, terminals, etc.) equipment, etc.).
实施例三Embodiment three
请参阅图4，图4为本发明实施例公开的同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元时间的系统的结构示意图；如图4所示，一种同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元时间的系统可包括：Please refer to Figure 4, Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for synchronizing the time of an Internet of Things access node and a convergence unit disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in Figure 4, a system for synchronizing the time of an Internet of Things access node and a convergence unit May include:
接入节点410，用于周期性向过滤网关420发送第一数据包，第一数据包包括接入节点地址信息和第一数据包的第一发送时间点；The access node 410 is configured to periodically send a first data packet to the filtering gateway 420, where the first data packet includes access node address information and a first sending time point of the first data packet;
过滤网关420，用于根据第一数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元430下发的转发规则表中识别出第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元430；The filtering gateway 420 is configured to identify the first data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table issued by the converging unit 430 according to the access node address information included in the first data packet, and forward the first data packet to the converging Unit 430;
汇聚单元430，用于接收第一数据包，并返回第二数据包，第二数据包包括接入节点地址信息、第一发送时间点、第一数据包的第一接收时间点和第二数据包的第二发送时间点；The converging unit 430 is configured to receive the first data packet and return the second data packet, the second data packet includes access node address information, the first sending time point, the first receiving time point of the first data packet, and the second data The second sending time point of the packet;
过滤网关420还用于，根据第二数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，从转发规则表中识别出第二数据包为优先转发数据包，将第二数据包转发给接入节点410；The filtering gateway 420 is also used to identify the second data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table according to the access node address information included in the second data packet, and forward the second data packet to the access node 410;
接入节点410还用于，接收第二数据包，根据第一发送时间点、第一接收时间点、第二发送时间点和接收到第二数据包的第二接收时间点，计算接入节点410与汇聚单元430之间的时间补偿值，根据时间补偿值调整自身的时间。The access node 410 is further configured to receive the second data packet, and calculate the time point of the access node according to the first sending time point, the first receiving time point, the second sending time point, and the second receiving time point when the second data packet is received. The time compensation value between 410 and the converging unit 430 adjusts its own time according to the time compensation value.
作为一种可选的实施方式，接入节点410可以从传输频段中选择专用子载波信道，然后周期性地采用专用子载波信道向过滤网关发送第一数据包。As an optional implementation manner, the access node 410 may select a dedicated subcarrier channel from the transmission frequency band, and then periodically use the dedicated subcarrier channel to send the first data packet to the filtering gateway.
进一步地，接入节点410可以采用跳频方式从传输频段中选择专用子载波信道，然后周期性地采用专用子载波信道向过滤网关420发送第一数据包。Further, the access node 410 may select a dedicated sub-carrier channel from the transmission frequency band in a frequency hopping manner, and then periodically use the dedicated sub-carrier channel to send the first data packet to the filtering gateway 420 .
举例来说，专用子载波信道可以在100MHz～1GHz之间以跳频方式选择，选择出100MHz～1GHz之间的一个子载波信道作为发送第一数据包的专用子载波信道。另外，专用子载波信道也可以根据信道的质量选择信道质量较好的子载波信道作为专用子载波信道。For example, the dedicated sub-carrier channel may be selected in a frequency hopping manner between 100 MHz and 1 GHz, and a sub-carrier channel between 100 MHz and 1 GHz is selected as the dedicated sub-carrier channel for sending the first data packet. In addition, the dedicated subcarrier channel may also select a subcarrier channel with better channel quality as the dedicated subcarrier channel according to the channel quality.
同样，汇聚单元可以从传输频段中选择专用子载波信道，然后采用专用子载波信道返回第二数据包。Likewise, the converging unit may select a dedicated sub-carrier channel from the transmission frequency band, and then use the dedicated sub-carrier channel to return the second data packet.
进一步地，汇聚单元430可以采用跳频方式从传输频段中选择专用子载波信道，然后采用专用子载波信道返回第二数据包。Further, the converging unit 430 may select a dedicated subcarrier channel from the transmission frequency band in a frequency hopping manner, and then use the dedicated subcarrier channel to return the second data packet.
举例来说，专用子载波信道可以在100MHz～1GHz之间以跳频方式选择，选择出100MHz～1GHz之间的一个子载波信道作为发送第二数据包的专用子载波信道。另外，专用子载波信道也可以根据信道的质量选择信道质量较好的子载波信道作为专用子载波信道。For example, the dedicated sub-carrier channel may be selected in a frequency hopping manner between 100 MHz and 1 GHz, and a sub-carrier channel between 100 MHz and 1 GHz is selected as the dedicated sub-carrier channel for sending the second data packet. In addition, the dedicated subcarrier channel may also select a subcarrier channel with better channel quality as the dedicated subcarrier channel according to the quality of the channel.
实际情况下，从接入节点410到汇聚单元430之间，以及汇聚单元430到接入节点410之间都存在着网络时延，但是由于这两种网络时延是双向的，符合平均值为0，因此，接入节点410与汇聚单元430之间的时间补偿值如下公式所示：In reality, there are network delays between the access node 410 and the convergence unit 430, and between the convergence unit 430 and the access node 410, but since these two network delays are bidirectional, the average value is 0, therefore, the time compensation value between the access node 410 and the converging unit 430 is shown in the following formula:
接入节点与汇聚单元之间的时间补偿值＝【(第一接收时间点-第一发送时间点)-(第二接收时间点-第二发送时间点)】/2；The time compensation value between the access node and the converging unit=[(the first receiving time point-the first sending time point)-(the second receiving time point-the second sending time point)]/2;
接入节点410根据时间补偿值调整自身的时间，使得接入节点410时间与汇聚单元430同步。在本发明实施例中，也以汇聚单元430的时钟作为标准时钟，接入节点410的时钟作为待调整时钟。The access node 410 adjusts its own time according to the time compensation value, so that the time of the access node 410 is synchronized with that of the converging unit 430 . In the embodiment of the present invention, the clock of the converging unit 430 is also used as the standard clock, and the clock of the access node 410 is used as the clock to be adjusted.
第一发送时间点、第一接收时间点、第二发送时间点和第二接收时间点为(时，分，秒)对应的绝对时间。The first sending time point, the first receiving time point, the second sending time point and the second receiving time point are absolute times corresponding to (hour, minute, second).
作为一种可选的实施方式，接入节点410用于周期性向过滤网关420发送第一数据包的方式具体为：As an optional implementation manner, the manner in which the access node 410 periodically sends the first data packet to the filtering gateway 420 is specifically:
接入节点410用于周期性获取其无线网络覆盖范围内的终端设备440的设备类型和终端设备440上传数据的时间段；The access node 410 is used to periodically obtain the device type of the terminal device 440 within its wireless network coverage and the time period for the terminal device 440 to upload data;
接入节点410还用于向过滤网关420发送第一数据包，第一数据包包括终端设备440的设备类型、终端设备440上传数据的时间段、接入节点地址信息和第一数据包的第一发送时间点；The access node 410 is also configured to send the first data packet to the filtering gateway 420, the first data packet includes the device type of the terminal device 440, the time period for the terminal device 440 to upload data, the access node address information and the first data packet of the first data packet - the sending time point;
过滤网关420还用于根据第一数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元430下发的转发规则表中识别出第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元430的方式具体为：The filtering gateway 420 is further configured to identify the first data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table issued by the converging unit 430 according to the access node address information included in the first data packet, and forward the first data packet to the converging The method of unit 430 is specifically:
过滤网关420还用于根据第一数据包包括的接入节点地址信息、终端设备440的设备类型和终端设备440上传数据的时间段，从汇聚单元430下发的转发规则表中识别出第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元430。The filtering gateway 420 is also used to identify the first forwarding rule table from the converging unit 430 according to the access node address information included in the first data packet, the device type of the terminal device 440 and the time period when the terminal device 440 uploads data. The data packets are preferentially forwarded data packets, and the first data packet is forwarded to the converging unit 430 .
作为一种可选的实施方式，过滤网关420还用于根据第一数据包包括的接入节点地址信息、终端设备440的设备类型和终端设备440上传数据的时间段，从汇聚单元430下发的转发规则表中识别出第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元430的方式具体为：As an optional implementation, the filtering gateway 420 is also used to send the data from the converging unit 430 according to the access node address information included in the first data packet, the device type of the terminal device 440, and the time period when the terminal device 440 uploads data. In the forwarding rule table, it is identified that the first data packet is a priority forwarding data packet, and the method of forwarding the first data packet to the convergence unit 430 is specifically as follows:
过滤网关420还用于从转发规则表中查找出与第一数据包包括的接入节点地址信息、终端设备440的设备类型和终端设备440上传数据的时间段相关联的目标转发优先级，判断目标转发优先级是否为转发规则表中的最高转发优先级，如果是，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元430。The filtering gateway 420 is also used to find out from the forwarding rule table the target forwarding priority associated with the access node address information included in the first data packet, the device type of the terminal device 440, and the time period during which the terminal device 440 uploads data, and determine Whether the target forwarding priority is the highest forwarding priority in the forwarding rule table, if yes, forward the first data packet to the converging unit 430 .
作为一种可选的实施方式，第一数据包还包括方向指示标识；过滤网关420用于根据第一数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元430下发的转发规则表中识别出第一数据包为优先转发数据包，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元430的方式具体为：As an optional implementation, the first data packet also includes a direction indicator; the filtering gateway 420 is used to identify the The first data packet is a preferentially forwarded data packet, and the method of forwarding the first data packet to the converging unit 430 is specifically as follows:
过滤网关420用于根据第一数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，从汇聚单元430下发的转发规则表中识别出第一数据包为优先转发数据包，以及根据第一数据包包括的方向指示标识，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元430。The filtering gateway 420 is configured to identify the first data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table issued by the converging unit 430 according to the access node address information included in the first data packet, and to identify the first data packet according to the direction included in the first data packet Indicate the identifier, and forward the first data packet to the converging unit 430 .
方向指示标识采用第一数据包中的专用比特位表示，可以简单地指示出第一数据包的传输方向。过滤网关420从第一数据包的专用比特位中读取方向指示标识，根据方向指示标识识别出第一数据包的传输方向，然后将第一数据包发送出去。The direction indicator is represented by a dedicated bit in the first data packet, which can simply indicate the transmission direction of the first data packet. The filtering gateway 420 reads the direction indicator from the dedicated bit of the first data packet, identifies the transmission direction of the first data packet according to the direction indicator, and then sends the first data packet.
作为一种可选的实施方式，过滤网关420根据第一数据包包括的方向指示标识，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元430之前，过滤网关420判断汇聚单元430的工作负荷是否超过预设阈值，如果未超过预设阈值(等于或者小于预设阈值)，根据第一数据包包括的方向指示标识，将第一数据包发送给汇聚单元430；如果超过预设阈值，则等待汇聚单元430的工作负荷低于该预设阈值时，根据第一数据包包括的方向指示标识，将第一数据包发送给汇聚单元430。As an optional implementation, before the filtering gateway 420 forwards the first data packet to the aggregation unit 430 according to the direction indicator included in the first data packet, the filtering gateway 420 judges whether the workload of the aggregation unit 430 exceeds a preset threshold , if the preset threshold is not exceeded (equal to or less than the preset threshold), the first data packet is sent to the aggregation unit 430 according to the direction indicator included in the first data packet; When the workload is lower than the preset threshold, the first data packet is sent to the converging unit 430 according to the direction indicator included in the first data packet.
进一步地，过滤网关420根据第一数据包包括的方向指示标识，将第一数据包转发给汇聚单元430之前，过滤网关420接收汇聚单元430发送的负荷指示，过滤网关420在确定负荷指示表明了汇聚单元430的工作负荷超过阈值时，则等待汇聚单元430的工作负荷低于该阈值时，根据第一数据包包括的方向指示标识，将第一数据包发送给汇聚单元430；过滤网关420在确定负荷指示表明了汇聚单元430的工作负荷未超过阈值(等于或者小于阈值)时，根据第一数据包包括的方向指示标识，将第一数据包发送给汇聚单元430。Further, before the filtering gateway 420 forwards the first data packet to the convergence unit 430 according to the direction indicator included in the first data packet, the filtering gateway 420 receives the load indication sent by the convergence unit 430, and the filtering gateway 420 determines that the load indication indicates that When the workload of the aggregation unit 430 exceeds the threshold, when the workload of the aggregation unit 430 is lower than the threshold, the first data packet is sent to the aggregation unit 430 according to the direction indicator included in the first data packet; When it is determined that the load indication shows that the workload of the aggregation unit 430 does not exceed the threshold (equal to or less than the threshold), the first data packet is sent to the aggregation unit 430 according to the direction indicator included in the first data packet.
在上述实施方式中，过滤网关420实时监控汇聚单元430的工作负荷，能够有效控制汇聚单元430的工作负荷，避免因汇聚单元430的工作负荷过大时造成数据丢失或者造成汇聚单元430系统崩溃。In the above embodiment, the filtering gateway 420 monitors the workload of the convergence unit 430 in real time, and can effectively control the workload of the convergence unit 430 to avoid data loss or system crash of the convergence unit 430 due to excessive workload of the convergence unit 430.
作为一种可选的实施方式，第二数据包还包括方向指示标识，过滤网关420还用于根据第二数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，从转发规则表中识别出第二数据包为优先转发数据包，将第二数据包转发给接入节点410的方式具体为：As an optional implementation manner, the second data packet further includes a direction indicator, and the filtering gateway 420 is further configured to identify the second data packet from the forwarding rule table according to the access node address information included in the second data packet as The method of forwarding the data packet with priority, and forwarding the second data packet to the access node 410 is specifically:
过滤网关420还用于根据第二数据包包括的接入节点地址信息，从转发规则表中识别出第二数据包为优先转发数据包，以及根据第二数据包包括的方向指示标识，将第二数据包转发给接入节点410。The filtering gateway 420 is further configured to identify the second data packet as a priority forwarding data packet from the forwarding rule table according to the access node address information included in the second data packet, and to forward the second data packet according to the direction indicator included in the second data packet. The second data packet is forwarded to the access node 410.
第二数据包还包括方向指示标识，该方向指示标识用于指示该第二数据包的传输方向，而第二数据包中的方向指示标识是用于指示第二数据包的传输方向从汇聚单元430到接入节点410。其中，方向指示标识采用第二数据包中的专用比特位表示，可以简单地指示出第二数据包的传输方向。The second data packet also includes a direction indicator, which is used to indicate the transmission direction of the second data packet, and the direction indicator in the second data packet is used to indicate the transmission direction of the second data packet. 430 to access node 410. Wherein, the direction indicator is represented by a dedicated bit in the second data packet, which can simply indicate the transmission direction of the second data packet.
通过实施图4所示的系统，接入节点410计算其与汇聚单元430之间的时间补偿值，根据时间补偿值调整其自身的时间，从而同步接入节点410与汇聚单元430之间的时间，便于汇聚单元430管理物联网设备(包括接入节点410、终端设备440等)。By implementing the system shown in Figure 4, the access node 410 calculates the time compensation value between itself and the aggregation unit 430, and adjusts its own time according to the time compensation value, thereby synchronizing the time between the access node 410 and the aggregation unit 430 , so that the converging unit 430 manages the IoT devices (including the access node 410, the terminal device 440, etc.).
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述实施例的各种方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，该程序可以存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，存储介质包括只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable Read-only Memory，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory，EPROM)、一次可编程只读存储器(One-time Programmable Read-Only Memory，OTPROM)、电子抹除式可复写只读存储器(Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(CompactDisc Read-Only Memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储器、磁盘存储器、磁带存储器、或者能够用于携带或存储数据的计算机可读的任何其他介质。Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above-mentioned embodiments can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium includes read-only Memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), Random Access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (Programmable Read-only Memory, PROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, EPROM), One-time Programmable Read-Only Memory (OTPROM), Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CompactDisc Read -Only Memory, CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, tape storage, or any other computer-readable medium that can be used to carry or store data.
以上对本发明实施例公开的一种同步物联网接入节点与汇聚单元时间的方法及系统进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。A method and system for synchronizing the time of an Internet of Things access node and a convergence unit disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The above embodiments The description is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and scope of application. In summary , the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
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| CN201911320704.6ACN111130680B (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2017-06-19 | Method and system for synchronizing time of access node and aggregation unit of Internet of things |
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| CN201911320704.6AActiveCN111130680B (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2017-06-19 | Method and system for synchronizing time of access node and aggregation unit of Internet of things |
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