技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种人工假体，具体涉及一种组配式可延长肿瘤型人工膝关节假体。The invention relates to an artificial prosthesis, in particular to a modular extendable tumor type artificial knee joint prosthesis.
背景技术Background technique
对于骨骺未闭的儿童膝关节周围恶性肿瘤患者，肿瘤型关节假体置换是常见的治疗方式。但由于健侧肢体持续生长，而患侧生长受限，术后常出现双侧肢体不等长，严重影响患者功能。目前临床广泛采用的组配式肿瘤型人工膝关节如需延长，则需更换部分假体组件，手术创伤较大，术后感染率高。而现有可延长假体往往存在术中操作复杂，术后强度不可靠导致长度丢失等问题。For pediatric patients with malignant tumors around the knee joint with patent epiphysis, tumor-type joint prosthesis replacement is a common treatment modality. However, due to the continuous growth of the uninjured limb and the restricted growth of the affected side, unequal lengths of bilateral limbs often occur after surgery, seriously affecting the function of the patient. At present, if the modular tumor-type artificial knee joint widely used in clinical practice needs to be extended, part of the prosthetic components need to be replaced, resulting in large surgical trauma and high postoperative infection rate. However, the existing extendable prosthesis often has problems such as complicated operation during operation, unreliable postoperative strength and length loss.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述问题，本发明的目的是提供一种组配式可延长肿瘤型人工膝关节假体。In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a modular extendable tumor-type artificial knee prosthesis.
为实现上述目的，本发明采取以下技术方案：一种组配式可延长肿瘤型人工膝关节假体，其特征在于，该人工膝关节假体包括：固定外套筒，刻有内螺纹的活动外套筒，沿轴向可转动地设置在所述固定外套筒和活动外套筒内、且与所述活动外套筒为螺纹连接的被动旋转轴，沿径向转动支撑于所述固定外套筒内、且能驱动所述被动旋转轴转动的主动旋转轴，锥接于所述固定外套筒下部的股骨髁组件，以及锥接于所述活动外套筒上部的假体柄组件；所述被动旋转轴的转动能驱使所述活动外套筒和假体柄组件产生位移。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a modular extendable tumor-type artificial knee prosthesis, which is characterized in that the artificial knee prosthesis includes: a fixed outer sleeve, a movable sleeve engraved with internal threads The outer sleeve is rotatably arranged in the fixed outer sleeve and the movable outer sleeve in the axial direction, and is threadedly connected with the movable outer sleeve. The passive rotating shaft is rotatably supported by the fixed outer sleeve in the radial direction. The active rotating shaft inside the outer sleeve and capable of driving the passive rotating shaft to rotate, the femoral condyle assembly taper-connected to the lower part of the fixed outer sleeve, and the prosthetic stem assembly taper-connected to the upper part of the movable outer sleeve ; The rotation of the passive rotation shaft can drive the displacement of the movable outer sleeve and the prosthesis stem assembly.
在一个优选的实施例中，所述固定外套筒为上端敞口、下端封闭的筒形结构，所述活动外套筒为上端封闭、下端敞口且内壁刻有内螺纹的筒形结构，所述固定外套筒和活动外套筒的敞口端相对设置。In a preferred embodiment, the fixed outer sleeve is a cylindrical structure with an open upper end and a closed lower end, and the movable outer sleeve is a cylindrical structure with a closed upper end, an open lower end and internal threads engraved on the inner wall, The open ends of the fixed outer sleeve and the movable outer sleeve are arranged oppositely.
在一个优选的实施例中，所述纵向旋转轴包括刻有外螺纹的螺纹体以及一体连接于所述螺纹体底部的类似锥齿轮的锥齿体；所述纵向旋转轴沿轴向转动地设置在所述固定外套筒和活动外套筒内，且所述纵向旋转轴的螺纹体螺纹连接于所述活动外套筒内，所述纵向旋转轴的锥齿体位于所述固定外套筒内。In a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal rotating shaft includes a threaded body engraved with external threads and a bevel tooth body similar to a bevel gear integrally connected to the bottom of the threaded body; the longitudinal rotating shaft is arranged to rotate axially In the fixed outer sleeve and the movable outer sleeve, the threaded body of the longitudinal rotating shaft is screwed into the movable outer sleeve, and the bevel tooth body of the longitudinal rotating shaft is located in the fixed outer sleeve Inside.
在一个优选的实施例中，所述主动旋转轴亦具有类似锥齿轮的锥齿体，所述主动旋转轴的锥齿体与所述被动旋转轴的锥齿体相啮合。In a preferred embodiment, the driving rotation shaft also has a bevel gear body similar to a bevel gear, and the bevel gear body of the driving rotation shaft meshes with the bevel gear body of the passive rotation shaft.
在一个优选的实施例中，所述股骨髁组件的顶部具有锥台，所述固定外套筒的底部开设有与所述股骨髁组件的锥台相配合的锥孔，所述股骨髁组件通过其锥台锥接在所述固定外套筒上。In a preferred embodiment, the top of the femoral condyle assembly has a truncated cone, and the bottom of the fixed outer sleeve is provided with a taper hole that matches the truncated cone of the femoral condyle assembly, and the femoral condyle assembly passes through Its truncated cone is connected to the fixed outer sleeve.
在一个优选的实施例中，所述假体柄组件包括锥接座和一体地连接于所述锥接座底部的髓针，所述活动外套筒的顶部具有锥台，在所述锥接座上开设有与所述活动外套筒的锥台相配合的锥孔，所述假体柄组件通过其锥孔锥接在所述活动外套筒上。In a preferred embodiment, the prosthetic stem assembly includes a taper seat and a medullary needle integrally connected to the bottom of the taper seat, the top of the movable outer sleeve has a truncated cone, and the taper joint The seat is provided with a taper hole matched with the frustum of the movable outer sleeve, and the prosthesis handle assembly is conically connected to the movable outer sleeve through the taper hole.
在一个优选的实施例中，所述固定外套筒和活动外套筒的内径和外径相同。In a preferred embodiment, the inner diameter and outer diameter of the fixed outer sleeve and the movable outer sleeve are the same.
8、如权利要求1所述的一种组配式可延长肿瘤型人工膝关节假体，其特征在于，所述固定外套筒上开设有螺钉孔，在人工膝关节假体调节到适当高度后，利用锁定螺丝将所述固定外套筒和被动旋转轴锁死固定。8. A modular extendable tumor-type artificial knee joint prosthesis as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that screw holes are opened on the fixing outer sleeve, and when the artificial knee joint prosthesis is adjusted to an appropriate height, Finally, use locking screws to lock and fix the fixed outer sleeve and the passive rotating shaft.
在一个优选的实施例中，所述被动旋转轴采用中空的筒形结构，且在中空的所述被动旋转轴内部设置有金属加强结构。In a preferred embodiment, the passive rotating shaft adopts a hollow cylindrical structure, and a metal reinforcing structure is arranged inside the hollow passive rotating shaft.
本发明由于采取以上技术方案，其具有以下优点：本发明通过巧妙的机械设计，实现了术中仅需一个小切口显露主动旋转轴，即可方便、可靠地实现假体延长。避免了常规切口、更换假体组件的延长方式带来的软组织二次损伤以及术后高感染率。因此，本发明为儿童膝关节周围恶性肿瘤切除后的重建提供了简便、可靠的解决方案。Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention realizes prosthesis extension conveniently and reliably only through a small incision to expose the active rotation axis during the operation through ingenious mechanical design. It avoids the secondary injury of soft tissue and the high postoperative infection rate caused by the conventional incision and the extended method of replacing the prosthesis components. Therefore, the present invention provides a simple and reliable solution for reconstruction after resection of malignant tumors around the children's knee joint.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的整体结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进行详细的描述。然而应当理解，附图的提供仅为了更好地理解本发明，它们不应该理解成对本发明的限制。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, it should be understood that the accompanying drawings are provided only for better understanding of the present invention, and they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
如图1所示，本发明提供的人工膝关节假体包括固定外套筒1、活动外套筒2、纵向旋转轴3、横向旋转轴4、股骨髁组件5和假体柄组件6。其中，固定外套筒1为上端敞口、下端封闭的筒形结构，活动外套筒2为上端封闭、下端敞口且内壁刻有内螺纹的筒形结构，固定外套筒1和活动外套筒2的敞口端相对设置。纵向旋转轴3包括刻有外螺纹的螺纹体31以及一体连接于螺纹段31底部的类似锥齿轮的锥齿体32。纵向旋转轴3沿轴向可转动地设置在固定外套筒1和活动外套筒2内，且其螺纹体31螺纹连接于活动外套筒2内，锥齿体32位于固定外套筒1内。横向旋转轴4沿径向转动支撑在固定外套筒1内，其上亦具有类似锥齿轮的锥齿体41，且纵向旋转轴3的锥齿体31与横向旋转轴4的锥齿体41相啮合。股骨髁组件5的顶部具有锥台，固定外套筒1的底部开设有与股骨髁组件5的锥台相配合的锥孔，股骨髁组件5通过其锥台锥接在固定外套筒1上。假体柄组件6包括锥接座61和一体地连接于锥接座61底部的髓针62，活动外套筒2的顶部具有锥台，在锥接座61上开设有与活动外套筒2的锥台相配合的锥孔，假体柄组件6通过其锥孔锥接在活动外套筒2上。As shown in FIG. 1 , the artificial knee joint prosthesis provided by the present invention includes a fixed outer sleeve 1 , a movable outer sleeve 2 , a longitudinal rotation shaft 3 , a transverse rotation shaft 4 , a femoral condyle assembly 5 and a prosthesis handle assembly 6 . Among them, the fixed outer sleeve 1 is a cylindrical structure with an open upper end and a closed lower end, and the movable outer sleeve 2 is a cylindrical structure with a closed upper end and an open lower end with internal threads engraved on the inner wall. The fixed outer sleeve 1 and the movable outer sleeve The open ends of the sleeve 2 are oppositely arranged. The longitudinal rotation shaft 3 includes a threaded body 31 engraved with external threads and a bevel tooth body 32 integrally connected to the bottom of the threaded section 31 , similar to a bevel gear. The longitudinal rotating shaft 3 is rotatably arranged in the fixed outer sleeve 1 and the movable outer sleeve 2 in the axial direction, and its threaded body 31 is screwed into the movable outer sleeve 2, and the bevel tooth body 32 is located in the fixed outer sleeve 1 Inside. The horizontal rotation shaft 4 is rotatably supported in the fixed outer sleeve 1 in the radial direction, on which there is also a bevel tooth body 41 similar to a bevel gear, and the bevel tooth body 31 of the longitudinal rotation shaft 3 and the bevel tooth body 41 of the horizontal rotation shaft 4 Mesh. The top of the femoral condyle assembly 5 has a truncated cone, and the bottom of the fixed outer sleeve 1 is provided with a taper hole that matches the truncated cone of the femoral condyle assembly 5, and the femoral condyle assembly 5 is taped on the fixed outer sleeve 1 by its truncated cone . The prosthetic stem assembly 6 includes a taper seat 61 and a needle 62 integrally connected to the bottom of the taper seat 61. The top of the movable outer sleeve 2 has a truncated cone. The tapered hole matched with the tapered frustum, the prosthesis handle assembly 6 is conically connected to the movable outer sleeve 2 through the tapered hole.
本发明在使用时，可以根据患者的实际情况选择合适型号的股骨髁组件5和假体柄组件6，人工膝关节假体与胫骨侧假体相组合使用，假体柄组件6的髓针62插入患者的股骨髓腔内，通过主动转动横向旋转轴4可使与之相啮合的纵向旋转轴3被动转动，横向旋转轴3旋转后可使活动外套筒2和假体柄组件6产生纵向位移，从而实现肢体延长。When the present invention is in use, the femoral condyle assembly 5 and the prosthesis handle assembly 6 of a suitable model can be selected according to the actual situation of the patient. The artificial knee joint prosthesis is used in combination with the tibial side prosthesis. Inserted into the femoral medullary cavity of the patient, the longitudinal rotating shaft 3 engaged with it can be passively rotated by actively rotating the transverse rotating shaft 4, and the movable outer sleeve 2 and the prosthetic stem assembly 6 can produce a longitudinal rotation after the transverse rotating shaft 3 rotates Displacement, thereby achieving limb lengthening.
在一个优选的实施例中，固定外套筒1和活动外套筒2内径和外径相同。In a preferred embodiment, the fixed outer sleeve 1 and the movable outer sleeve 2 have the same inner diameter and outer diameter.
在一个优选的实施例中，横向旋转轴4的一端刻有十字槽，以便于旋转横向旋转轴4。In a preferred embodiment, one end of the horizontal rotation shaft 4 is engraved with a cross groove, so as to facilitate the rotation of the horizontal rotation shaft 4 .
在一个优选的实施例中，固定外套筒1上开设有一个螺钉孔，在人工膝关节假体调节到适当高度后，利用锁定螺丝7将固定外套筒1和纵向旋转轴3锁死固定，避免滑动旋回导致高度丢失。In a preferred embodiment, a screw hole is provided on the fixing outer sleeve 1, and after the artificial knee joint prosthesis is adjusted to an appropriate height, the fixing outer sleeve 1 and the longitudinal rotation shaft 3 are locked and fixed by locking screws 7 , to avoid the loss of altitude caused by sliding and turning.
在一个优选的实施例中，纵向旋转轴3采用中空的筒形结构，以减轻人工膝关节假体的整体重量；同时，在中空的纵向旋转轴3内部设置有金属加强结构(图中未示出)，以提高人工椎体的整体机械性能。In a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal rotation shaft 3 adopts a hollow cylindrical structure to reduce the overall weight of the artificial knee prosthesis; at the same time, a metal reinforcement structure (not shown in the figure) is provided inside the hollow longitudinal rotation shaft 3 out) to improve the overall mechanical properties of the artificial vertebral body.
上述各实施例仅用于说明本发明，其中各部件的结构、连接方式和制作工艺等都是可以有所变化的，凡是在本发明技术方案的基础上进行的等同变换和改进，均不应排除在本发明的保护范围之外。The above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, wherein the structure, connection mode and manufacturing process of each component can be changed to some extent, and any equivalent transformation and improvement carried out on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention should not excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710532935.8ACN107242919A (en) | 2017-07-03 | 2017-07-03 | A kind of assembly type can extend tumorous type artificial knee joint prosthesis |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710532935.8ACN107242919A (en) | 2017-07-03 | 2017-07-03 | A kind of assembly type can extend tumorous type artificial knee joint prosthesis |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107242919Atrue CN107242919A (en) | 2017-10-13 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710532935.8APendingCN107242919A (en) | 2017-07-03 | 2017-07-03 | A kind of assembly type can extend tumorous type artificial knee joint prosthesis |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN107242919A (en) |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20171013 |