技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种深水网箱的海洋工况现场受力测试方法。The invention relates to a field stress test method of a deep-water net cage under marine working conditions.
背景技术Background technique
深水网箱系统主要由浮架、网衣及锚泊系统三大部分组成，其中锚泊系统是网箱在水中的根基，并与浮架相连将网箱系统控制在一定范围内运动，在海洋风浪流冲击下为保障网箱系统的安全性发挥着重要作用。随着深水网箱未来将进一步朝着大型深水化发展，大型深水网箱在获得高养殖效益的同时也面临更高风险，大型深水网箱在恶劣海况条件下受到的风浪流冲击更大，有可能造成网箱锚泊系统无法承受过大载荷而发生网箱走锚、锚绳断裂或框架塑性破坏的发生，给养殖企业或养殖户造成重大经济损失。The deep-water cage system is mainly composed of three parts: floating frame, net clothing and mooring system. The mooring system is the foundation of the cage in the water, and it is connected with the floating frame to control the movement of the cage system within a certain range. The impact plays an important role in ensuring the safety of the cage system. As deep-water cages will further develop towards large-scale deepwater in the future, large-scale deep-water cages will also face higher risks while obtaining high breeding benefits. It may cause the cage mooring system to be unable to withstand excessive loads, and the cages will be anchored, the anchor rope will be broken, or the frame will be plastically damaged, causing major economic losses to the breeding enterprises or farmers.
获取风浪流作用下网箱锚泊力学数据是开展大型深水网箱科学设计和制作安装的关键，水动力模型试验、计算机数值模拟和海洋工况现场测试是当前开展网箱力学研究的主要手段。一方面，水动力模型试验因制作小比例尺的网箱模型很难满足刚度相似条件，在实验室波浪流条件下浮架基本是未发生变形的，这与实际中浮架是柔性弹性体的情况不符，造成获取的整体网箱锚泊受力换算到实际情况时具有较大偏差；另一方面，计算机数值模拟因计算理论的缺失和计算条件的限制，为方便模拟计算，往往需要将复杂的网箱系统进行简化，且设定的风浪流环境参数均为理想情况，通过模拟获取的网箱锚泊力学数据其准确性还需要进一步验证。相比水动力模型试验和计算机数值模拟，海洋工况现场测试能够获取网箱锚泊受力的最原始真实数据，数据的准确性和可靠性是其它研究手段所不能比拟的。但为了考虑仪器设备的安全性，现阶段一般仅是测试实际海流作用下的网箱锚泊受力，没有获得海洋风浪流综合环境下的网箱力学数据。Obtaining the anchoring mechanics data of cages under the action of wind, waves and currents is the key to the scientific design, production and installation of large deep-water cages. Hydrodynamic model tests, computer numerical simulations and field tests of marine conditions are the main means for the current research on cage mechanics. On the one hand, the hydrodynamic model test is difficult to meet the similar stiffness conditions due to the small-scale cage model, and the floating frame is basically not deformed under the wave flow condition in the laboratory, which is inconsistent with the fact that the floating frame is a flexible elastic body , resulting in a large deviation when the obtained mooring force of the overall net cage is converted to the actual situation; The system is simplified, and the set wind, wave and current environmental parameters are all ideal. The accuracy of the cage mooring mechanics data obtained through simulation needs to be further verified. Compared with hydrodynamic model tests and computer numerical simulations, field tests in marine conditions can obtain the most original and real data of the mooring force of the cages, and the accuracy and reliability of the data are unmatched by other research methods. However, in order to consider the safety of instruments and equipment, at this stage, it is generally only to test the mooring force of the cage under the action of the actual ocean current, and the mechanical data of the cage under the comprehensive environment of ocean wind, wave and current has not been obtained.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种深水网箱的海洋工况现场受力测试方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for on-site stress testing of deep-water net cages under marine working conditions.
解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案如下：To solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:
一种深水网箱的海洋工况现场受力测试方法，其特征在于：所述的受力测试方法设有波浪流测试；A method for on-site stress testing of deep-water net cages in marine working conditions, characterized in that: the stress testing method is provided with a wave current test;
所述的波浪流测试包括：The wave current tests described include:
步骤S1.1、制备固定架，该固定架设有万向环、支撑架和多个配重块，所述万向环由内环、外环、内环转轴和外环转轴组成，所述支撑架设有固定圈，该固定圈位于所述支撑架的顶部，所述外环通过所述外环转轴连接在所述固定圈上，所述内环通过所述内环转轴连接在所述外环上，且所述内环转轴与外环转轴位于同一平面上并相互垂直；每一个所述配重块均通过螺杆连接悬挂在所述内环上，各个所述配重块环绕所述内环的中轴线均匀间隔布置；Step S1.1, preparing a fixed frame, the fixed frame is provided with a universal ring, a support frame and a plurality of counterweights, the universal ring is composed of an inner ring, an outer ring, an inner ring rotating shaft and an outer ring rotating shaft, and the supporting A fixed ring is erected, the fixed ring is located on the top of the support frame, the outer ring is connected to the fixed ring through the outer ring shaft, and the inner ring is connected to the outer ring through the inner ring shaft , and the shaft of the inner ring and the shaft of the outer ring are located on the same plane and perpendicular to each other; each of the counterweights is suspended on the inner ring through a screw connection, and each of the counterweights surrounds the inner ring The central axis is evenly spaced;
步骤S1.2、在所述内环上安装多普勒波浪剖面流速仪，所述内环在各个所述配重块的重力作用下能够自动调整并保持在一个静止姿态上，以确保安装在所述内环上的多普勒波浪剖面流速仪的测量方向在海底环境下能够自动调整并保持为竖直向上；Step S1.2, installing a Doppler wave profile velocity meter on the inner ring, the inner ring can be automatically adjusted and kept in a static posture under the gravity of each of the counterweights, so as to ensure that it is installed on the The measurement direction of the Doppler wave profile current meter on the inner ring can be automatically adjusted and kept vertically upward under the seabed environment;
步骤S1.3、在浮于海面的工作平台上用线缆将所述多普勒波浪剖面流速仪与电脑设备进行通信连接，并在启动所述多普勒波浪剖面流速仪后，用位于所述工作平台上的起吊设备将所述固定架和多普勒波浪剖面流速仪投放至海底，且该投放位置与受测深水网箱之间保持预定的距离；在此之后，通过所述多普勒波浪剖面流速仪测量并自动存储海面波浪数据和剖面流速数据。Step S1.3, on the working platform floating on the sea surface, use a cable to communicate with the Doppler wave profile current meter and computer equipment, and after starting the Doppler wave profile current meter, use the The hoisting equipment on the above-mentioned working platform releases the fixed mount and the Doppler wave profile current meter to the seabed, and a predetermined distance is kept between the release position and the tested deep-water net cage; Le Wave Profile Velocity Meter measures and automatically stores sea surface wave data and profile velocity data.
作为本发明的优选实施方式：所述配重块的数量为四个，每个所述配重块的重量为5kg。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the number of the counterweights is four, and the weight of each counterweight is 5kg.
为了提高支撑架在强台风环境下的防倾倒能力，作为本发明的优选实施方式：所述支撑架为由安装平台和连接在所述安装平台底面上的三根斜向支撑杆组成的三脚架，且相邻两根所述斜向支撑杆之间连接有横向连接杆，所述固定圈固定在所述安装平台的顶面上。In order to improve the anti-dumping ability of the support frame in a strong typhoon environment, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the support frame is a tripod composed of an installation platform and three oblique support rods connected to the bottom surface of the installation platform, and Transverse connecting rods are connected between two adjacent oblique support rods, and the fixing ring is fixed on the top surface of the installation platform.
用起吊设备将固定架和多普勒波浪剖面流速仪投放至海底时，为了确保支撑架的底部坐落在海底，作为本发明的优选实施方式：所述的固定架还设有起吊环；所述安装平台的顶面上固定有两个吊耳，所述起吊环的两端分别与所述两个吊耳转动连接；所述起吊设备通过所述起吊环吊起所述固定架。When the fixed frame and the Doppler wave profile current meter are put into the seabed with lifting equipment, in order to ensure that the bottom of the support frame is located on the seabed, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the fixed frame is also provided with a lifting ring; Two lifting lugs are fixed on the top surface of the installation platform, and the two ends of the lifting ring are respectively rotatably connected with the two lifting lugs; the lifting device lifts the fixed frame through the lifting rings.
为了提高紧凑性和结构强度，作为本发明的优选实施方式：所述外环位于所述固定圈的内部，所述内环位于所述外环的内部。In order to improve compactness and structural strength, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the outer ring is located inside the fixed ring, and the inner ring is located inside the outer ring.
作为本发明的优选实施方式：所述的受力测试方法还设有风速风向测试；As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the force test method is also provided with wind speed and wind direction test;
所述的风速风向测试包括：Described wind speed and wind direction test comprises:
步骤S2.1、制备风速风向仪，该风速风向仪设有风速传感器、风向传感器、安装支架、防护箱和数据采集仪，所述风速传感器、风向传感器和防护箱均固定在所述安装支架上，所述数据采集仪安装在所述防护箱内部，且所述数据采集仪的输入端分别与所述风速传感器的输出端和风向传感器的输出端电性连接；Step S2.1, prepare an anemometer, the anemometer is equipped with a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, a mounting bracket, a protective box and a data acquisition instrument, and the wind speed sensor, wind direction sensor and protective box are all fixed on the mounting bracket , the data acquisition instrument is installed inside the protective box, and the input end of the data acquisition instrument is electrically connected to the output end of the wind speed sensor and the output end of the wind direction sensor;
步骤S2.2、将所述风速风向仪的安装支架固定在所述受测深水网箱的浮架上；Step S2.2, fixing the mounting bracket of the anemometer on the floating frame of the tested deep-water net cage;
步骤S2.3、用线缆将所述风速风向仪的数据采集仪与所述电脑设备进行通信连接，并在启动所述风速风向仪的数据采集仪后，通过所述数据采集仪接收并存储所述风速传感器采集到的风速数据和所述风向传感器采集到的风向数据。Step S2.3. Connect the data collector of the anemometer to the computer equipment with a cable, and after starting the data collector of the anemometer, receive and store the data through the data collector The wind speed data collected by the wind speed sensor and the wind direction data collected by the wind direction sensor.
作为本发明的优选实施方式：所述的风速风向仪还设有太阳能发电单元；所述太阳能发电单元与所述数据采集仪的供电端电性连接。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the anemometer is also provided with a solar power generation unit; the solar power generation unit is electrically connected to the power supply terminal of the data acquisition instrument.
为了确保风速风向仪的安装稳固性，作为本发明的优选实施方式：所述受测深水网箱的浮架由主浮管、扶手管、多个数量相等的工字架和三通连接件组成，其中，每一个所述工字架均套装在所述主浮管上，每一个所述三通连接件均套装在所述扶手管上，各个所述工字架和三通连接件一一对应连接；所述的安装支架为由横杆和纵杆连接构成的T型支架，所述风速传感器和风向传感器分别固定在所述横杆的两端顶部，所述纵杆固定在其中一个所述三通连接件上并与所述扶手管和对应的工字架固定连接；所述防护箱坐落在所述扶手管上；所述太阳能发电单元通过绳索绑定在所述主浮管与扶手管之间。In order to ensure the stability of the installation of the anemometer, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the floating frame of the tested deep water net cage is composed of a main floating pipe, a handrail pipe, a plurality of equal I-frames and three-way connectors , wherein, each of the I-frames is set on the main floating pipe, each of the three-way connectors is set on the handrail pipe, each of the I-frames and the three-way connectors one by one Corresponding connection; the mounting bracket is a T-shaped bracket composed of a cross bar and a vertical bar, the wind speed sensor and the wind direction sensor are respectively fixed on the tops of both ends of the cross bar, and the The three-way connector is fixedly connected with the handrail pipe and the corresponding I-shaped frame; the protective box is located on the handrail pipe; the solar power generation unit is bound between the main floating pipe and the handrail through ropes between the tubes.
作为本发明的优选实施方式：所述的受力测试方法还设有锚泊受力测试；As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the stress testing method is also provided with an anchoring stress test;
所述的锚泊受力测试包括：The described anchoring stress test includes:
步骤S3.1、为所述受测深水网箱的锚绳安装上拉力测量装置，该拉力测量装置设有拉力计、两个卸扣和两个绳扣，所述拉力测量装置的安装方式为：在所述锚绳相对所述受测深水网箱的浮架处于海流流向的下游位置时，此时所述锚绳处于松弛状态下，首先，将处于松弛状态下的所述锚绳的部分绳段分别穿过所述两个绳扣的扣孔，使得穿过所述两个绳扣扣孔的绳段分别形成两个绳套；然后，用所述绳扣锁紧所述绳套穿过其扣孔的部分，使得所述绳套被固定；最后，用其中一个所述卸扣连接其中一个所述绳套和所述拉力计的其中一侧拉环，用另一个所述卸扣连接另一个所述绳套和所述拉力计的另一侧拉环；并且，所述锚绳位于所述两个绳扣之间的松弛绳段的长度大于所述拉力计、两个卸扣和绷直时的两个绳套的长度之和；Step S3.1, installing a tension measuring device for the anchor rope of the tested deep-water net cage, the tension measuring device is provided with a tension meter, two shackles and two rope buckles, and the installation method of the tension measuring device is : when the mooring rope is in the downstream position of the current flow direction relative to the floating frame of the tested deep-water net box, the mooring rope is in a relaxed state at this moment, at first, the part of the mooring rope that is in a relaxed state The rope segments pass through the buttonholes of the two cord buckles respectively, so that the rope segments passing through the two cord buckle button holes respectively form two rope loops; then, use the rope buckle to lock the rope loops through part of the button hole, so that the rope cover is fixed; finally, use one of the shackles to connect one of the rope sets and one side of the pull ring of the tension gauge, and use the other shackle Connect another said rope sleeve and the pull ring on the other side of the tension meter; and, the length of the slack rope section between the two rope buckles of the anchor rope is greater than that of the tension meter and the two shackles. and the sum of the lengths of the two nooses when straightened;
步骤S3.2、用线缆将所述拉力计与所述电脑设备进行通信连接，并在启动所述拉力计，使得所述拉力计采集并自动存储拉力数据。Step S3.2: Communicating the tension meter with the computer device with a cable, and starting the tension meter, so that the tension meter collects and automatically stores tension data.
作为本发明的优选实施方式：所述拉力测量装置的安装在浮于海面上的作业船上进行。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the tension measuring device is installed on a work boat floating on the sea surface.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
第一，本发明利用多普勒波浪剖面流速仪测量受测深水网箱在真实的海洋工况现场下其所处海域的海面波浪数据和剖面流速数据，即受测深水网箱受波浪流的海况数据；First, the present invention utilizes the Doppler wave profile velocity meter to measure the sea surface wave data and profile velocity data of the sea area where the deep-water net cage is located under the real marine working conditions, that is, the measured deep-water net cage is affected by wave flow. sea state data;
由于多普勒波浪剖面流速仪是安装在设有万向环和配重块的固定架上的，使得：在多普勒波浪剖面流速仪被投放到海底后，通过万向环所具有的两个方向相互垂直的转动自由度以及各个配重块对万向环的作用力，多普勒波浪剖面流速仪所在的安装平面即内环能够自动的调整姿态直至保持在一个静止姿态上(对于深水网箱所处的海域深度来说，重量较大的配重块所带来的惯性能够确保内环不会受海底处的洋流作用而发生运动)，而多普勒波浪剖面流速仪在内环上的安装方式，则能够令多普勒波浪剖面流速仪的测量方向在内环处于前述静止姿态时保持为竖直向上，从而，即便固定架因其所在的海底不平整而倾斜，多普勒波浪剖面流速仪仍能工作在稳定的安装平面(即保持静止姿态的内环)上，因而多普勒波浪剖面流速仪在海底下能够始终测量到海面波浪数据和剖面流速数据，避免了因海底不平整造成多普勒波浪剖面流速仪的测量方向偏离竖直向上方向而降低了测量的准确性和可靠性的问题；Because the Doppler wave profile current meter is installed on the fixed frame provided with the universal ring and the counterweight, so that: after the Doppler wave profile current meter is put into the seabed, the two The rotation degrees of freedom in two directions perpendicular to each other and the force of each counterweight on the universal ring, the installation plane where the Doppler wave profile current meter is located, that is, the inner ring can automatically adjust the attitude until it remains on a static attitude (for deep water In terms of the depth of the sea area where the cage is located, the inertia brought by the heavy counterweight can ensure that the inner ring will not be moved by the ocean current at the bottom of the sea), and the Doppler wave profile current meter in the inner ring The installation method above can keep the measurement direction of the Doppler wave profile current meter vertically upward when the inner ring is in the aforementioned static posture, so that even if the fixed frame is inclined due to the unevenness of the seabed where it is located, the Doppler The wave profile current meter can still work on a stable installation plane (that is, the inner ring that maintains a static attitude), so the Doppler wave profile current meter can always measure the sea surface wave data and profile velocity data under the seabed, avoiding the Unevenness causes the measurement direction of the Doppler wave profile current meter to deviate from the vertical upward direction, which reduces the accuracy and reliability of the measurement;
而且，由于万向环能够自动调整的特性，固定架和多普勒波浪剖面流速仪能够通过位于工作平台上的起吊设备直接投放至海底，而不需潜水员潜入海底对多普勒波浪剖面流速仪的工作姿态进行调整，提高了安装效率；Moreover, due to the feature that the universal ring can be automatically adjusted, the fixed frame and the Doppler wave profile current meter can be directly dropped to the seabed through the lifting device located on the working platform, without the need for divers to dive into the seabed to adjust the Doppler wave profile current meter. Adjust the working posture to improve the installation efficiency;
所以，本发明能够测量受测深水网箱受波浪流的海况数据，具有测量准确性和可靠性高、安装效率高的优点。Therefore, the present invention can measure the sea state data of the tested deep-water net cage subjected to waves and currents, and has the advantages of high measurement accuracy and reliability, and high installation efficiency.
第二，本发明通过在锚绳上安装拉力测量装置，使得风浪流作用于整体网箱系统锚绳上的拉力能够经由拉力测量装置的两个绳套、两个卸扣和拉力计进行传递，从而，令拉力计测量到受测深水网箱的锚绳在真实的海洋工况现场下的拉力数据，以获得受测深水网箱的锚泊受力情况；Second, the present invention installs the tension measuring device on the anchor rope, so that the pulling force of the wind and wave current acting on the anchor rope of the whole cage system can be transmitted through two rope sleeves, two shackles and the tension meter of the tension measuring device, Thereby, make tension meter measure the pulling force data of the mooring rope of tested deep-water net cage under real ocean working condition scene, obtain the mooring stress situation of tested deep-water net cage;
由于拉力测量装置是在锚绳处于松弛状态时进行安装的，无需解开工作中的受测深水网箱的锚绳来进行安装，因此，本发明能够在已锚泊在海面上的受测深水网箱的锚绳上安装拉力测量装置，实现对已在工作中的受测深水网箱进行锚泊受力测量，并且安装的安全性高；Since the tension measuring device is installed when the anchor rope is in a slack state, it is not necessary to untie the anchor rope of the tested deep-water net cage to install it. The tension measuring device is installed on the anchor rope of the tank to realize the anchoring force measurement of the tested deep-water net cage, and the installation safety is high;
所以，本发明能够测量受测深水网箱的锚绳的受力数据，具有拉力测量装置安装容易方便、安全性高的优点。Therefore, the present invention can measure the stress data of the anchor rope of the tested deep-water net cage, and has the advantages of easy and convenient installation of the tension measuring device and high safety.
第三，本发明用风速风向仪测量受测深水网箱在真实的海洋工况现场下受到风力作用的风速数据和风向数据，以获得受测深水网箱所在海域的风力情况；The 3rd, the present invention measures the wind speed data and the wind direction data that the deep-water net cage under test is subjected to wind force action under the scene of real ocean working condition with anemometer, so as to obtain the wind force situation of the sea area where the deep-water net cage under test is located;
由于风速风向仪固定在受测深水网箱的浮架上而能够与浮架在风力作用下同步运动，因此，受测深水网箱是还采用单点锚泊还是多点固定式锚泊，风速风向仪的风速传感器和风向传感器均能准确的测量出受测深水网箱受到风力作用的风速数据和风向数据；Since the anemometer is fixed on the floating frame of the tested deep-water net cage and can move synchronously with the floating frame under the action of wind, therefore, whether the tested deep-water net cage is still anchored at a single point or multi-point fixed anchoring, the wind speed and direction indicator Both the wind speed sensor and the wind direction sensor can accurately measure the wind speed data and wind direction data of the tested deep-water cages under the wind force;
所以，本发明能够测量受测深水网箱所在海域的风速数据和风向数据，具有测量准确性高的优点。Therefore, the present invention can measure the wind speed data and wind direction data in the sea area where the deep-water net cage to be tested is located, and has the advantage of high measurement accuracy.
综上所述，本发明适于长时间、实时对深水网箱在真实的海洋工况现场下进行受力测试。In summary, the present invention is suitable for long-term and real-time force testing of deep-water net cages under real marine working conditions.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:
图1为本发明中受测深水网箱3所安装的固定架1、多普勒波浪剖面流速仪2、风速风向仪4和拉力测量装置5的示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of fixed mount 1, Doppler wave section flow velocity meter 2, anemometer 4 and tension measuring device 5 installed in tested deep water net cage 3 among the present invention;
图2为本发明中固定架1和多普勒波浪剖面流速仪2的主视结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the front view structure schematic diagram of fixed mount 1 and Doppler wave profile current meter 2 among the present invention;
图3为本发明中固定架1和多普勒波浪剖面流速仪2的俯视结构示意图；Fig. 3 is the top view structural representation of fixed mount 1 and Doppler wave profile velocity meter 2 in the present invention;
图4为本发明中风速风向仪4的安装结构示意图；Fig. 4 is the installation structure schematic diagram of anemometer 4 among the present invention;
图5为本发明中拉力测量装置5的安装结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the tension measuring device 5 in the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
如图1至图5所示，本发明公开的是一种深水网箱的海洋工况现场受力测试方法，其设有波浪流测试、风速风向测试和锚泊受力测试。As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, the present invention discloses a method for on-site stress testing of deep-water net cages in marine working conditions, which includes wave flow testing, wind speed and wind direction testing, and anchoring stress testing.
参见图2和图3，上述波浪流测试包括：Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the above-mentioned wave flow tests include:
步骤S1.1、制备固定架1，该固定架1设有万向环11、支撑架12和多个配重块13，万向环11由内环111、外环112、内环转轴113和外环转轴114组成，支撑架12设有固定圈121，该固定圈121位于支撑架12的顶部，外环112通过外环转轴114连接在固定圈121上，内环111通过内环转轴113连接在外环112上，且内环转轴113与外环转轴114位于同一平面上并相互垂直，使得外环112能够绕外环转轴114的轴线相对固定圈121自由转动，内环111能够绕内环转轴113的轴线相对外环112自由转动；每一个配重块13均通过螺杆连接悬挂在内环111上，各个配重块13环绕内环111的中轴线均匀间隔布置；Step S1.1, preparing a fixed frame 1, the fixed frame 1 is provided with a universal ring 11, a support frame 12 and a plurality of counterweights 13, and the universal ring 11 is composed of an inner ring 111, an outer ring 112, an inner ring rotating shaft 113 and Outer ring rotating shaft 114 is formed, and support frame 12 is provided with fixing ring 121, and this fixing ring 121 is positioned at the top of supporting frame 12, and outer ring 112 is connected on the fixing ring 121 by outer ring rotating shaft 114, and inner ring 111 is connected by inner ring rotating shaft 113 On the outer ring 112, and the inner ring rotating shaft 113 and the outer ring rotating shaft 114 are located on the same plane and are perpendicular to each other, so that the outer ring 112 can rotate freely around the axis of the outer ring rotating shaft 114 relative to the fixed ring 121, and the inner ring 111 can rotate around the inner ring The axis of the rotating shaft 113 is free to rotate relative to the outer ring 112; each counterweight 13 is suspended on the inner ring 111 through a screw connection, and each counterweight 13 is evenly spaced around the central axis of the inner ring 111;
步骤S1.2、在内环111上安装多普勒波浪剖面流速仪2，内环111在各个配重块13的重力作用下能够自动调整并保持在一个静止姿态上(该静止姿态一般优选为保持水平)，以确保安装在内环111上的多普勒波浪剖面流速仪2的测量方向在海底环境下能够自动调整并保持为竖直向上；Step S1.2, installing the Doppler wave profile velocity meter 2 on the inner ring 111, the inner ring 111 can be automatically adjusted and kept on a static posture under the gravity of each counterweight 13 (the static posture is generally preferably maintain level), to ensure that the measurement direction of the Doppler wave profile current meter 2 installed on the inner ring 111 can be automatically adjusted and kept vertically upward under the seabed environment;
步骤S1.3、在浮于海面的工作平台上用线缆将多普勒波浪剖面流速仪2与电脑设备进行通信连接，并在启动多普勒波浪剖面流速仪2后，用位于工作平台上的起吊设备将固定架1和多普勒波浪剖面流速仪2投放至海底，且该投放位置与受测深水网箱3之间保持预定的距离；在此之后，通过多普勒波浪剖面流速仪2测量并自动存储海面波浪数据和剖面流速数据，其中，工作平台可以是作业船也可以是任意能够漂浮于海面上的浮体平台，多普勒波浪剖面流速仪2的工作参数包括水深层数、记录时间、存储间隔等可以根据测试需要进行灵活设置。Step S1.3: Connect the Doppler wave profile current meter 2 to the computer equipment with a cable on the working platform floating on the sea surface, and after starting the Doppler wave profile current meter 2, use the cable located on the working platform The lifting equipment of the fixed frame 1 and the Doppler wave profile current meter 2 are released to the seabed, and a predetermined distance is kept between the release position and the tested deep-water net cage 3; 2. Measure and automatically store sea surface wave data and profile velocity data, wherein the working platform can be an operation boat or any floating platform that can float on the sea surface. The working parameters of the Doppler wave profile velocity meter 2 include water depth layers, Recording time, storage interval, etc. can be flexibly set according to test needs.
作为本发明的优选实施方式：配重块13的数量为四个，每个配重块13的重量为5kg。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the number of counterweights 13 is four, and the weight of each counterweight 13 is 5kg.
为了提高支撑架12在强台风环境下的防倾倒能力，作为本发明的优选实施方式：上述支撑架12为由安装平台122和连接在安装平台122底面上的三根斜向支撑杆123组成的三脚架，且相邻两根斜向支撑杆123之间连接有横向连接杆124，固定圈121固定在安装平台122的顶面上。In order to improve the anti-dumping ability of the support frame 12 in a strong typhoon environment, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the above-mentioned support frame 12 is a tripod composed of an installation platform 122 and three oblique support rods 123 connected to the bottom surface of the installation platform 122 , and a transverse connecting rod 124 is connected between two adjacent oblique support rods 123 , and the fixing ring 121 is fixed on the top surface of the installation platform 122 .
用起吊设备将固定架1和多普勒波浪剖面流速仪2投放至海底时，为了确保支撑架12的底部坐落在海底，作为本发明的优选实施方式：上述固定架1还设有起吊环14；安装平台122的顶面上固定有两个吊耳1221，起吊环14的两端分别与两个吊耳1221转动连接；起吊设备通过起吊环14吊起固定架1。When the fixed frame 1 and the Doppler wave profile current meter 2 are put into the seabed with lifting equipment, in order to ensure that the bottom of the support frame 12 is located on the seabed, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the above-mentioned fixed frame 1 is also provided with a lifting ring 14 Two lifting lugs 1221 are fixed on the top surface of the installation platform 122, and the two ends of the lifting ring 14 are respectively connected to the two lifting lugs 1221 in rotation;
为了提高紧凑性和结构强度，作为本发明的优选实施方式：上述外环112位于固定圈121的内部，内环111位于外环112的内部。In order to improve compactness and structural strength, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the outer ring 112 is located inside the fixed ring 121 , and the inner ring 111 is located inside the outer ring 112 .
参见图4，上述风速风向测试包括：Referring to Fig. 4, the above-mentioned wind speed and wind direction test includes:
步骤S2.1、制备风速风向仪4，该风速风向仪4设有风速传感器41、风向传感器42、安装支架43、防护箱44和数据采集仪，风速传感器41、风向传感器42和防护箱44均固定在安装支架43上，数据采集仪安装在防护箱44内部，且数据采集仪的输入端分别与风速传感器41的输出端和风向传感器42的输出端电性连接；Step S2.1, preparing an anemometer 4, the anemometer 4 is provided with a wind speed sensor 41, a wind direction sensor 42, a mounting bracket 43, a protective box 44 and a data acquisition instrument, and the wind speed sensor 41, the wind direction sensor 42 and the protective box 44 are all Fixed on the mounting bracket 43, the data acquisition instrument is installed inside the protective box 44, and the input end of the data acquisition instrument is electrically connected with the output end of the wind speed sensor 41 and the output end of the wind direction sensor 42 respectively;
步骤S2.2、将风速风向仪4的安装支架43固定在受测深水网箱3的浮架31上；Step S2.2, fixing the mounting bracket 43 of the anemometer 4 on the floating frame 31 of the deep-water net cage 3 under test;
步骤S2.3、用线缆将风速风向仪4的数据采集仪与电脑设备进行通信连接，并在启动风速风向仪4的数据采集仪后，通过数据采集仪接收并存储风速传感器41采集到的风速数据和风向传感器42采集到的风向数据，其中，数据采集仪的工作参数包括记录时间和存储间隔等可以根据测试需要进行灵活设置。Step S2.3, connect the data acquisition instrument of the anemometer 4 with the computer equipment with a cable, and after starting the data acquisition instrument of the anemometer 4, receive and store the data collected by the wind speed sensor 41 through the data acquisition instrument The wind speed data and the wind direction data collected by the wind direction sensor 42, wherein, the working parameters of the data acquisition instrument including recording time and storage interval can be flexibly set according to the test requirements.
作为本发明的优选实施方式：上述风速风向仪4还设有太阳能发电单元45；太阳能发电单元45与数据采集仪的供电端电性连接。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the above-mentioned anemometer 4 is also provided with a solar power generation unit 45; the solar power generation unit 45 is electrically connected to the power supply terminal of the data acquisition instrument.
为了确保风速风向仪4的安装稳固性，作为本发明的优选实施方式：上述受测深水网箱3的浮架31由主浮管311、扶手管312、多个数量相等的工字架313和三通连接件314组成，其中，每一个工字架313均套装在主浮管311上，每一个三通连接件314均套装在扶手管312上，各个工字架313和三通连接件314一一对应连接；安装支架43为由横杆和纵杆连接构成的T型支架，风速传感器41和风向传感器42分别固定在横杆的两端顶部，纵杆固定在其中一个三通连接件314上并与扶手管312和对应的工字架313固定连接；防护箱44坐落在扶手管312上；太阳能发电单元45通过绳索绑定在主浮管311与扶手管312之间。In order to ensure the stability of the installation of the anemometer 4, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the floating frame 31 of the above-mentioned tested deep water net cage 3 is composed of a main floating pipe 311, a handrail pipe 312, a plurality of equal I-shaped frames 313 and Three-way connectors 314, wherein each I-shaped frame 313 is set on the main floating pipe 311, each three-way connector 314 is set on the handrail pipe 312, and each I-shaped frame 313 and three-way connector 314 One-to-one connection; the mounting bracket 43 is a T-shaped bracket composed of a horizontal bar and a vertical bar. The wind speed sensor 41 and the wind direction sensor 42 are respectively fixed on the top of the two ends of the horizontal bar, and the vertical bar is fixed on one of the three-way connectors 314 and fixedly connected with the handrail pipe 312 and the corresponding I-shaped frame 313; the protective box 44 is located on the handrail pipe 312; the solar power generation unit 45 is bound between the main floating pipe 311 and the handrail pipe 312 by ropes.
参见图5，上述锚泊受力测试包括：Referring to Fig. 5, the above-mentioned mooring force test includes:
步骤S3.1、为受测深水网箱3的锚绳32安装上拉力测量装置5，该拉力测量装置5设有拉力计51、两个卸扣52和两个绳扣53，拉力测量装置5的安装方式为：在锚绳32相对受测深水网箱3的浮架31处于海流流向的下游位置时，此时锚绳32处于松弛状态下即其不承受所连接的锚与浮架31的拉力作用，首先，将处于松弛状态下的锚绳32的部分绳段分别穿过两个绳扣53的扣孔，使得穿过两个绳扣53扣孔的绳段分别形成两个绳套321；然后，用绳扣53锁紧绳套321穿过其扣孔的部分，使得绳套321被固定而不会松开；最后，用其中一个卸扣52连接其中一个绳套321和拉力计51的其中一侧拉环511，用另一个卸扣52连接另一个绳套321和拉力计51的另一侧拉环511；并且，锚绳32位于两个绳扣53之间的松弛绳段322的长度大于拉力计51、两个卸扣52和绷直时的两个绳套321的长度之和，以确保锚绳32受到的拉力而使得两个绳套321绷直时，松弛绳段322仍能够保持松弛，令锚绳32受到的拉力能够通过两个绳套321和两个卸扣52传递到拉力计51的两侧拉环511上；Step S3.1, install the tension measuring device 5 for the anchor rope 32 of the deep water cage 3 under test, the tension measuring device 5 is provided with a tension meter 51, two shackles 52 and two rope buckles 53, the tension measuring device 5 The installation method is: when the anchor rope 32 is in the downstream position of the sea current flow direction relative to the floating frame 31 of the deep-water net box 3 under test, the anchor rope 32 is in a loose state at this time, that is, it does not bear the force of the connected anchor and the floating frame 31. Pull force action, first, part of the rope segments of the anchor rope 32 in the relaxed state are respectively passed through the buttonholes of the two rope buckles 53, so that the rope sections passing through the buttonholes of the two rope buckles 53 respectively form two rope loops 321 Then, use the rope buckle 53 to lock the part of the rope cover 321 that passes through its button hole, so that the rope cover 321 is fixed and will not loosen; at last, use one of the shackles 52 to connect one of the rope cover 321 and the tension gauge 51 One side of the pull ring 511, another shackle 52 is used to connect the other rope sleeve 321 and the other side pull ring 511 of the tension gauge 51; The length is greater than the sum of the lengths of the tension gauge 51, the two shackles 52 and the two rope sleeves 321 when stretched straight, so that the tension of the anchor rope 32 is ensured so that when the two rope sleeves 321 are stretched straight, the slack rope section 322 It can still be kept loose, so that the pulling force received by the anchor rope 32 can be transmitted to the pull rings 511 on both sides of the tension gauge 51 through the two rope sleeves 321 and the two shackles 52;
步骤S3.2、用线缆将拉力计51与电脑设备进行通信连接，并在启动拉力计51，使得拉力计51采集并自动存储拉力数据，其中，拉力计51的工作参数包括记录时间、测量单位和存储间隔等可以根据测试需要进行灵活设置。Step S3.2, connect the tension meter 51 to the computer equipment with a cable, and start the tension meter 51, so that the tension meter 51 collects and automatically stores the tension data, wherein, the working parameters of the tension meter 51 include recording time, measurement Units and storage intervals can be flexibly set according to testing needs.
作为本发明的优选实施方式：上述拉力测量装置5的安装在浮于海面上的作业船上进行；由于锚绳32处于松弛状态下，因此，借助作业船可以很容易将处于松弛状态下的锚绳32的部分绳段放置在工作船上，以进行拉力测量装置5的安装操作。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the installation of the above-mentioned tension measuring device 5 is carried out on a working boat floating on the sea; since the anchor rope 32 is in a relaxed state, the anchor rope in a loose state can be easily moved by the working boat. 32 is placed on the working boat to carry out the installation operation of the tension measuring device 5.
本发明不局限于上述具体实施方式，根据上述内容，按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段，在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下，本发明还可以做出其它多种形式的等效修改、替换或变更，均落在本发明的保护范围之中。The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. According to the above-mentioned content, according to the common technical knowledge and conventional means in this field, without departing from the above-mentioned basic technical idea of the present invention, the present invention can also make other equivalent forms. Amendments, substitutions or alterations all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710212724.6ACN107179153B (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2017-04-01 | A method for on-site force testing of deep-water cages in marine conditions |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710212724.6ACN107179153B (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2017-04-01 | A method for on-site force testing of deep-water cages in marine conditions |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107179153Atrue CN107179153A (en) | 2017-09-19 |
| CN107179153B CN107179153B (en) | 2019-07-26 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710212724.6AActiveCN107179153B (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2017-04-01 | A method for on-site force testing of deep-water cages in marine conditions |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107179153B (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109374193A (en)* | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-22 | 中铁大桥科学研究院有限公司 | A device and method for measuring wave buoyancy force of steel hanging box cofferdam of cross-sea bridge |
| CN113433341A (en)* | 2021-07-27 | 2021-09-24 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | A small blind area or no blind area sitting bottom method lake current velocimeter launching equipment and launching method |
| CN116046545A (en)* | 2022-11-21 | 2023-05-02 | 四川玄武岩纤维新材料研究院(创新中心) | Static Test Method for Large Composite Cages |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1623378A (en)* | 2004-12-18 | 2005-06-08 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Method and control device for sinking and floating of pump-pressed net cage |
| JP2010223839A (en)* | 2009-03-24 | 2010-10-07 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | Bubble injection device used for Doppler type ultrasonic flow measurement device |
| CN103466045A (en)* | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-25 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Shallow sea submerged buoy and utilization method thereof |
| CN103995147A (en)* | 2014-05-05 | 2014-08-20 | 河海大学 | Data postprocessing system applicable to acoustic Doppler current meter and application thereof |
| CN204426351U (en)* | 2015-01-14 | 2015-07-01 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | There is the net cage mooring anchor leg of power pooling feature |
| CN105842412A (en)* | 2016-03-24 | 2016-08-10 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Water environment vertical distribution comprehensive on-line monitoring buoy and monitoring system |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1623378A (en)* | 2004-12-18 | 2005-06-08 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Method and control device for sinking and floating of pump-pressed net cage |
| JP2010223839A (en)* | 2009-03-24 | 2010-10-07 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | Bubble injection device used for Doppler type ultrasonic flow measurement device |
| CN103466045A (en)* | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-25 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Shallow sea submerged buoy and utilization method thereof |
| CN103995147A (en)* | 2014-05-05 | 2014-08-20 | 河海大学 | Data postprocessing system applicable to acoustic Doppler current meter and application thereof |
| CN204426351U (en)* | 2015-01-14 | 2015-07-01 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | There is the net cage mooring anchor leg of power pooling feature |
| CN105842412A (en)* | 2016-03-24 | 2016-08-10 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Water environment vertical distribution comprehensive on-line monitoring buoy and monitoring system |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109374193A (en)* | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-22 | 中铁大桥科学研究院有限公司 | A device and method for measuring wave buoyancy force of steel hanging box cofferdam of cross-sea bridge |
| CN113433341A (en)* | 2021-07-27 | 2021-09-24 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | A small blind area or no blind area sitting bottom method lake current velocimeter launching equipment and launching method |
| CN116046545A (en)* | 2022-11-21 | 2023-05-02 | 四川玄武岩纤维新材料研究院(创新中心) | Static Test Method for Large Composite Cages |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107179153B (en) | 2019-07-26 |
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106932133A (en) | The ocean wave stream and anchoring forces testing method of a kind of deep water mesh cage | |
| CN110954417B (en) | A test device for simulating multidirectional coupled cyclic loading of anchor pile system | |
| CN102053001B (en) | Device for testing vortex-excited oscillation and rotation of vertical riser pipe under uniform flow and stepped uniform flow | |
| CN102607787B (en) | Method for testing influences of internal flow to dynamic property of marine risers | |
| CN102147321A (en) | Uniform flow vortex-induced vibration simulation tester for seabed pipeline | |
| CN113405766B (en) | Model test device and method for response simulation of in-service tensioned mooring system | |
| CN107179153A (en) | A kind of live forces testing method of the open ocean of deep water mesh cage | |
| CN209623995U (en) | A kind of anchoring system simulator of towing basin | |
| CN110987364B (en) | Test system and method for avoiding platform evacuation of suspended marine riser of deepwater drilling platform | |
| CN102012306A (en) | Vortex induced vibration rotation testing device for bidirectional shear flow lower inclined vertical pipe | |
| CN206539454U (en) | A kind of floating vertical axis windmill model sport measurement apparatus | |
| CN101209744A (en) | An anchoring device that effectively transfers wave potential energy | |
| CN203287174U (en) | Simulation test device for vibration characteristics of riser in deepwater drilling working conditions | |
| CN211855880U (en) | Dynamic response test device for failure and continuous collapse of anchor cables in suspension tunnels | |
| CN106706264B (en) | Flexible dirt blocking net and hanging net pier hydrodynamic response test measurement system for water intake open channel | |
| CN104369838B (en) | Self-elevating connected submersible buoy measuring system | |
| CN208887893U (en) | Simulation test bench for the suspension and lowering process of underwater production system | |
| CN111413131A (en) | Dynamic response test device for failure and continuous collapse of anchor cables in suspension tunnels | |
| CN109269754B (en) | Drum-type guided directional impact device and test method for dynamic test of energy dissipator in rockfall interception system | |
| CN104458171A (en) | Deep-sea long and thin stand tube power response test device under horizontal forced oscillation state | |
| CN106092507B (en) | A kind of mooring post of simulation different water depth anchoring system | |
| CN203142980U (en) | 1800m submerged buoy | |
| CN206095833U (en) | Testing system is pounded to submarine cable anchor | |
| CN218703819U (en) | Sea underwater environment noise measuring device | |
| Johanning et al. | Improved measurement technologies for floating wave energy converter (WEC) mooring arrangements |
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |