One kind fracture compression locating deviceTechnical field
It is a kind of fracture compression locating device specifically the present invention relates to technical field of medical instruments.
Background technology
People are caused fracture by unexpected injury unavoidably in production, life, have not only brought poleBig pain, malpractice is also possible to leave lifelong disability, influences normal production and living, or even lose the energy taken care of oneselfPower.It is the target that orthopedist pursues to reach that good reset recovers normal physiological function after fracture, in art.However, human bodyBone it is complex-shaped, the degree being hurt is also different, to accomplish sometimes completely recovery, be not impossible by utensil's.Then, medical science and technology worker has developed a variety of suitable for the different parts reduction of the fracture and fixed steel plate, achieves goodGood using effect, is that thousands upon thousands fracture patients relieve the pain of injury.Its steel plate needs to be fixed on fracture by forcing screwAt block position, however, in the prior art there is following defect and deficiency in medical worker for screw fixation steel plate.
First, when medical worker of the prior art carries out interior fixed, screw 5 is inserted generally by electric drill, screw 5Trend can only be experience and exploration according to doctor to position, it occur frequently that sclerite skew, fixed not firm, positioning and directingDifficult, 5 dozens, sclerite screw is oblique, sclerite drops, so as to cause operation not carry out smoothly.
Secondly, the physiological structure of different fracture sites is different, and different parts need the different trend of screw 5, only with electric drillSclerite can not be accurately positioned, can not accurately be oriented to punching by inserting screw 5.Than as seen in Figure 6, fracture of calcaneus, steel plate 4 be placed onThe sustentaculum of talus 62 that 6 are surveyed 61 on the outside of bone, but in calcaneum is (extremely important, to carry the weight of astragalus) it is difficult to be fixed to.Position is lowFixation is not lived, high to arrive articular surface 63.Similarly, it is also so (see Fig. 7) that olecroanon, which merges the fracture of coronoid process 64,.And at someIn special case, such as near end of thighbone comminuted fracture is fixed, it is necessary to insert intramedullary nail 65 in marrow with reference to steel plate 4, is so also required thatScrew 5 on steel plate 4 will accurately avoid the intramedullary nail 65 in pulp cavity (see Fig. 8 and Fig. 9).
In addition, being typically to select the specification of screw 5 to beat by rule of thumb in the prior art in steel plate 4 during drivescrew 5Enter, before squeezing into, it is impossible to which the length to screw 5 is measured, the problem of screw 5 is too short or long usually occur, screw 5 is tooIt is short to fix, it is oversize to arrive soft tissue.
Furthermore, in current operation technique apparatus, electric drill is all to be beaten from one side of bone to another side (see Figure 10), and ideal is doneMethod thinks screw 5 to come out from exit point 66 so that screw 5 moves towards fracture line 68 vertically, but actual deviation of moving towards exports B points67, meanwhile, electric drill easily opens opposite osteocomma top, to osteocomma without pressurization.
Chinese patent literature CN201520198375.3, the applying date 20150403, patent name is：Intertrochanter fracture of femurDHS locating guiders, disclose kind of an intertrochanter fracture of femur DHS locating guiders, and it includes locating rod, is connected to positioning rod endThe fixing steel plate in portion and one end are connected in the pilot sleeve that the locating rod other end is connected to fixing steel plate, the locating rodThe central axis copline A of heart axis and fixing steel plate, in 12-15 ° of folder between the central axis and plane A of the pilot sleeveAngle.
Above-mentioned patent document is intended to solve a kind of to avoid cause pierce guide pin due to anteversion of femoral neck reasonThe problem of Shi Rongyi is shifted, main nail are screwed into and are inserted in steel plate after steel plate and fitted completely with femur the displacement fracture (rear point causedFrom) problem and steel plate with femur rear laminating front separate the problems such as later stage broken nail rate is big.But, on fixed, energyEnough it is accurately positioned that sclerite and guiding, screw length are measurable, the technical scheme for the osteocomma that can pressurize is then without corresponding open.
In summary, it is necessary to it is a kind of it is fixed, can be accurately positioned sclerite and guiding, screw length it is measurable,Can be pressurizeed the fracture compression locating device of osteocomma, and yet there are no report on this fracture compression locating device.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention be for it is of the prior art it is not enough there is provided one kind it is fixed, fracture can be accurately positionedBlock and guiding, screw length are measurable, the fracture compression locating device for the osteocomma that can pressurize.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is adopted the technical scheme that：
One kind fracture compression locating device, described fracture compression locating device includes the first clamping limb, the second clamping limb；It is describedFirst clamping limb and the second clamping limb are hinged by rotating shaft, and the distal end of the first clamping limb and the second clamping limb and are proximally located atIn same plane；The first clamping limb distal end is provided with the first positioning seat, and near-end is provided with handle ring, and close in the first clamping limbThe position of handle ring is provided with the first locking bar；The distal end of second clamping limb is provided with the second positioning seat, and near-end is provided with handle ring,And the second locking bar is provided with the position of the close handle ring of the second clamping limb；First positioning seat and the formation of the second positioning seat are clampedMouth shape；The upper surface of first locking bar is marked with graduated scale；The first described positioning seat includes the first locating platform, firstPositioning tooth；The first positioning base inner surface is provided with the first positioning tooth；The second described positioning seat includes the second locating platform, theTwo positioning tooths, turning joint, sleeve；Described turning joint one end is provided with the second positioning tooth；The turning joint other end is hingedSleeve；Described fracture fixator also includes fine setting guide wire apparatus.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the upper surface of second locking bar is provided with projection, the projection and firstThe groove of locking bar is meshed.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, second positioning tooth is at least three, and annular spread is in turning jointOn outer peripheral face.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the turning joint is hollow structure, and is communicated with the inner passage of sleeve.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, described fine setting guide wire apparatus includes guidewire body, guide head；It is described to be oriented toHead is arranged on the distal end of guidewire body, and the guide head is engaged with the first positioning tooth.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the center of first locating platform and the first clamping limb and the second clamping limbThe parallel distribution of axle.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, second locating platform distribution parallel with the first positioning table.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, center of the center of the turning joint just to the first positioning tooth.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the trimmed knob of described sleeve is connected with turning joint.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, a kind of fracture compression locating device of the invention, it is fixed, sclerite and guiding, screw can be accurately positionedLength is measurable, can pressurize osteocomma, promotes union；
2nd, the first clamping limb and the second clamping limb are hinged by rotating shaft, and the equal position in two ends of the first clamping limb and the second clampingIn in same plane, the benefit of the design method is：Two clamping limbs are stressed member so that corresponding first positioning seat withAnd can be movable during the second positioning seat stress, sensitivity is high, is easy to fast accurate to realize the clamping to sclerite；
3rd, two clamping limbs are hinged, insert a finger into can be operated in two handle rings meet human hand manipulation custom, canRealize fine operation；
4th, the first positioning tooth and the second positioning tooth, which are mainly in insertion sclerite, plays occlusion fixation, prevents scleriteDisplacement deviates, and fastness is good；
5th, the occlusion fixation of the first positioning tooth and the second positioning tooth, it can be ensured that determine with first at turning joint centerThe connection line of position tooth between the two is as vertical with fracture face as possible；
6th, the first positioning seat and the second positioning seat formation jaw shape, the fracture for being capable of human body different parts is clamped, fullThe physiological structure of foot difference fracture site, and different parts need the different trend of screw, and realization is accurately positioned sclerite, essenceReally it is oriented to punching；
7th, the upper surface of the first locking bar is marked with graduated scale so that the screw length inserted can be measured accurately, it is to avoid be gone outThe problem of now screw is too short or long；
8th, provided with fine setting guide wire apparatus so that center of the bushing core just to the first positioning tooth, screw is walked so as to realizeTo positioning.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is a kind of fracture compression locating device structural representation of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the first location seat structure schematic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the second location seat structure schematic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 4 is fine setting guide wire apparatus structural representation.
Accompanying drawing 5 is vernier knob and turning joint connection diagram.
Accompanying drawing 6 is the fracture steel plate screw stationary state schematic diagram of root bone in the prior art.
Accompanying drawing 7 is fracture of ulna coronoid process steel plate screw stationary state schematic diagram in the prior art.
Accompanying drawing 8 is intertrochanter fracture of femur steel plate screw stationary state schematic diagram in the prior art.
Accompanying drawing 9 is intertrochanter fracture of femur steel plate screw cross-sectional view in the prior art.
Accompanying drawing 10 moves towards schematic diagram for screw in the prior art.
Embodiment
The embodiment that the present invention is provided is elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The reference and part being related in accompanying drawing are as follows：
1. the positioning seat of the first clamping limb 11. first
111. the positioning tooth of the first locating platform 1111. first
12. the graduated scale of the first locking bar 121.
2. the second clamping limb
21. the turning joint of the second positioning seat 22.
The positioning tooth of 211. second locating platform 2111. second
23. the sleeve of central shaft 24.
25. finely tune the guide head of guide wire apparatus 251.
The locking bar of 252. guidewire body 26. second
27. the rotating shaft of handle ring 3.
4. the screw of steel plate 5.
6. on the inside of a bone on the outside of 61. bones
63. articular surfaces 62. intercept is dashed forward
64. the intramedullary nail of coronoid process 65.
66. exporting A points 67. exports B points
68. the vernier knob of fracture line 7.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is refer to, Fig. 1 is a kind of fracture compression locating device structural representation of the present invention.One kind fracture positioning pressurizationDevice, described fracture compression locating device includes the first clamping limb 1, the second clamping limb 2；First clamping limb 1 and second is clampedArm 2 is hinged by rotating shaft 3, and the distal end of the first clamping limb 1 and the second clamping limb 2 and is proximally located in same plane；It is describedThe distal end of first clamping limb 1 is provided with the first positioning seat 11, and near-end is provided with handle ring 27, and in the first clamping limb 1 close to handle ring 27Position be provided with the first locking bar 12；The distal end of second clamping limb 2 is provided with the second positioning seat 21, and near-end is provided with handle ringThe second locking bar 26 is provided with 27, and the position of close handle ring 27 in the second clamping limb 2；First positioning seat 11 and second is fixedThe position formation jaw shape of seat 21；The upper surface of second locking bar 26 is provided with projection, and the projection is recessed with the first locking bar 12Groove is meshed；The upper surface of first locking bar 12 is marked with graduated scale 121.
Fig. 2 is refer to, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the first positioning seat 11.The first described positioning seat 11 includes the first positioningPlatform 111, the first positioning tooth 1111；The central shaft of the clamping limb 1 of first locating platform 111 and first and the second clamping limb 223 parallel distributions；The inner surface of first positioning seat 11 is provided with the first positioning tooth 1111.
Fig. 3 is refer to, Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the second positioning seat 21.The second described positioning seat 21 includes the second positioningPlatform 211, the second positioning tooth 2111, turning joint 22, sleeve 24；Second locating platform 211 is parallel with the first positioning tableDistribution；Described one end of turning joint 22 is provided with the second positioning tooth 2111, and the second positioning tooth 2111 is at least three, annular spreadOn the outer peripheral face of turning joint 22；The other end hinged sleeve 24 of turning joint 22；The turning joint 22 is hollow knotStructure, and communicated with the inner passage of sleeve 24.
Fig. 4 is refer to, Fig. 4 is the fine setting structural representation of guide wire apparatus 25.Described fracture fixator is also led including fine settingSilk device 25, described fine setting guide wire apparatus 25 includes guidewire body 252, guide head 251；The guide head 251, which is arranged on, leadsThe distal end of silk body 252, the guide head 251 is engaged with the first positioning tooth 1111.
It should be noted that：First clamping limb 1 and the second clamping limb 2 are hinged by rotating shaft 3, and the first clamping limb 1 andThe two ends of two clampings are respectively positioned in same plane, and the benefit of the design method is：Two clamping limbs are stressed member so that phaseCan be movable when the first positioning seat 11 answered and the second 21 stress of positioning seat, sensitivity is high, is easy to fast accurate realization pairSclerite clamping (if because a positioning seat is fixed, another positioning seat be it is movable, can only will be just fixedThe position of positioning seat, only individually adjusts movable fixed seat, to clamp sclerite, there is that sensitivity is low, and clamping effect is not trueThe defect cut).In addition, two clamping limbs are hinged, insert a finger into operate in two handle rings 27 and meet human hand manipulation habitIt is used, fine operation can be realized.
First positioning seat 11 and the second positioning seat 21 are used to clamp the sclerite crushed, and prevent fixed block from squeezing into fixed spiral shellShift and deviate when nail, wherein, the first positioning seat 11 is provided with the second positioning on the first positioning tooth 1111, the second positioning seat 21Tooth 2111, the first positioning tooth 1111 and the second positioning tooth 2111 mainly insert in sclerite and play occlusion fixation, enter oneStep prevents sclerite displacement deviation, i.e. fixing screws driving into type, and sclerite is through the first positioning tooth 1111 and the second positioning tooth 2111Occlusion is fixed, and fastness is good.In addition, passing through the occlusion fixation of the first positioning tooth 1111 and the second positioning tooth 2111, energyEnough ensure that the connection line of the center of turning joint 22 with the first positioning tooth 1111 between the two is as vertical with fracture face as possible, it is to avoid spiral shellOpposite osteocomma is pushed up out when nail is squeezed into, to osteocomma without pressurization.
First positioning seat 11 and the second positioning seat 21 formation jaw shape, the fracture for being capable of human body different parts are clamped,Meet the physiological structure of different fracture sites, and different parts need the different trend of screw, realization be accurately positioned sclerite,It is accurate to be oriented to punching.
Provided with sleeve 24, sleeve 24 is used to carry out screw under positioning and guiding, use state, and electric drill is by screw along sleeve24 insert, and until screw gets into opposite bone fragment, will accurately fix opposite osteocomma.
The upper surface of second locking bar 26 is meshed provided with projection, the projection with the groove of the first locking bar 12；It is describedThe upper surface of first locking bar 12 is marked with graduated scale 121, wherein, in the projection and the first locking bar 12 on the second locking bar 26Groove be meshed, with locking action, can realize while operation while lock；The upper surface of first locking bar 12 is marked with scaleChi 121, being mainly used in measurement needs to insert screw length, and the metering system is a kind of measurement indirectly, i.e., mainly see the first lockingLength of action between the bolt of bar 12 and second, different length of action the first positioning seats 11 of correspondence and the second positioning seat 21 are differentExtended distance, the extended distance is screw length, therefore inserts the length of screw required for being determined according to length of action,It is ingenious in design so that the screw length inserted can be measured accurately, it is to avoid the problem of screw is too short or long occur.
Described fine setting guide wire apparatus 25 includes guidewire body 252, guide head 251, wherein, guide head 251 and first is determinedPosition tooth 1111 is engaged, as long as the first positioning tooth 1111 can be fully accommodated in guide head 251, that is, completes the work of calibration fine settingWith so that center of the center of sleeve 24 just to the first positioning tooth 1111, so as to realize the positioning moved towards to screw.Under the positionInsert screw, it is fixed, sclerite and guiding can be accurately positioned, and pressurization is carried out to bone fragment.
A kind of application method of fracture compression locating device of the present invention is：
1. the first entrance and exit when fracture determines to need drivescrew；
2. the first positioning tooth 1111 and the second positioning tooth 2111 of compression locating device are fixed on into entrance and exit, twistTight rotating shaft 3, just secures the position and direction of the first positioning tooth 1111 and the second positioning tooth 2111, the reading at the first boltIt is exactly the appropriate length of screw；
3. compression locating device is taken out into external, after installation sleeve 24, the direction of sleeve 24 is adjusted by guide pin, makes sleeve 24Direction accurately point to the first positioning tooth 1111；
4. locator is installed back into fracture, turn to go to opposite bone fragment along sleeve 24 using electricity, will accurately consolidateDetermine opposite osteocomma.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 5 is refer to, Fig. 5 is vernier knob and turning joint connection diagram.Turning joint and fine setting rotation the present embodimentSubstantially the same manner as Example 1, its difference is, the fracture fixator in the present embodiment is additionally provided with vernier knob 7, usesUnder state, guidewire body 252 is passed through from the center-aisle in spherical movable joint 22.After so first being positioned on human body, in bodyOutside, the trimmed rotational sleeve 24 of knob 7, is positioned by guidewire body 252, determines the direction of sleeve 24, is being put back in vivo, is being passed through24 dozens of electric drills of sleeve.In the present embodiment, by vernier knob 7, directly turning joint 22 can be finely adjusted, accurate positioning.
A kind of fracture compression locating device of the present invention, it is fixed, sclerite can be accurately positioned and guiding, screw are longDegree is measurable, can pressurize osteocomma, promotes union；First clamping limb 1 and the second clamping limb 2 are hinged by rotating shaft 3, and theThe two ends of one clamping limb 1 and the second clamping are respectively positioned in same plane, and the benefit of the design method is：Two clamping limbs be byPower part so that can be movable during corresponding first positioning seat, 11 and second 21 stress of positioning seat, sensitivity is high, is easy to fastThe fast clamping precisely realized to sclerite；Two clamping limbs are hinged, and are inserted a finger into operate in two handle rings 27 and are metHuman hand manipulation custom, can realize fine operation；First positioning tooth 1111 and the second positioning tooth 2111 mainly insert fractureOcclusion fixation is played in block, sclerite displacement deviation is prevented, fastness is good；First positioning tooth 1111 and the second positioning tooth2111 occlusion fixation, it can be ensured that to the greatest extent may be used with the connection line of the first positioning tooth 1111 between the two at the center of turning joint 22Can be vertical with fracture face；First positioning seat 11 and the second positioning seat 21 formation jaw shape, the fracture for being capable of human body different parts are enteredRow clamping, meets the physiological structure of different fracture sites, and different parts need the different trend of screw, and realization is accurately positionedSclerite, accurate be oriented to are punched；The upper surface of first locking bar 12 is marked with graduated scale 121 so that the screw length energy insertedAccurate measurement, it is to avoid the problem of screw is too short or long occur；Provided with fine setting guide wire apparatus 25 so that the center of sleeve 24 is just to theThe center of one positioning tooth 1111, so as to realize the positioning moved towards to screw.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the artMember, on the premise of the inventive method is not departed from, can also make some improvement and supplement, and these are improved and supplement also should be regarded asProtection scope of the present invention.