A kind of method that utilization marine resources prepare fertilizerTechnical field
The present invention relates to Crop fertilizer technical field, a kind of method that utilization marine resources prepare fertilizer is referred in particular to.
Background technology
At present, some shallow stand of coastline extension grow a large amount of sea-plants, there is sea grass, kelp, sargassum, big basin-like inkstoneThe sea-plants such as algae, bulk kelp, dulse, sea fork algae, sea lettuce, extra large wormwood artemisia.These sea-plants speed of growth in natural seashoreIt is exceedingly fast, reaching can influence fishing boat to navigate by water after density to a certain degree, influences fingerling sapling multiplication, different degrees of break is caused to oceanIt is bad.Because sea-plant contains a large amount of organic matters, crude protein, trace element, the material such as fiber, alginic acid, if profit can be subject toWith can be used as Crop fertilizer, and current, process that prior art process as fertilizer is various, behaviour by the use of marine algaMake complicated, cost height, and the nutriment that can not be effectively retained in marine alga, gained alga fertilizer effect is not good.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for the existing state of the art, there is provided the side that a kind of utilization marine resources prepare fertilizerMethod, it is not only cheap, and can extensive use, quality better, and with multifunctionality, can both make base manure, can topdress again,The outer foliar fertilizer of root can be made again, also can as mushroom class plant culture medium.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of method that the present invention prepares fertilizer for utilization marine resources, mainly there is following steps：
（1）Hold the plant for taking ocean；
（2）Sea-plant through salvaging disembarkation is idle tentatively to be dried for 12 hours；
（3）Shred, roll the sea-plant after preliminary dry, prepared for drying；
（4）Enter supercentrifuge to be dehydrated, form half dry type sea-plant, water content is below 20%；
（5）Sea-plant after dehydration is put into dryer, using reverse-flow distinguished and admirable, extract wet gas current out and reaches drying mesh, the material moisture after drying is less than 8%；
（6）Sea-plant after drying adjusts pH value with hydrochloric acid, and it is 4.8-5.3 to make pH value, and to phosphorate, nitrogen, potassium prepares；
（7）Material after acidifying adds acidic phosphorus mine powder 30%, potassium sulfate 25%, ammonium chloride 25% and entered with 5% sea-plant dry productRow mixing, wherein, mixture water content is 12%, and 3% is interstitial impurity in addition, makes added phosphorus mass percentage content with fiveAoxidize two phosphorus and be calculated as 10-12%, the potassium mass percentage content added is calculated as 15-17% with potassium oxide, the nitrogen addedMass percentage content is 5-6%；
（8）Gained mixture is finished product.
It is preferred that, above-mentioned added phosphorus mass percentage content is calculated as 11% with phosphorus pentoxide, the potassium matter addedAmount degree is calculated as 16% with potassium oxide, and the nitrogen mass percentage content added is 5.5%.
Further, above-mentioned steps（3）Middle shredded sea-plant is using each piece of area as 20-30cm2。
Further, above-mentioned steps（4）Supercentrifuge rotating speed be 12000 turns per minute, centrifuge 3 minutes.
Further, above-mentioned sea-plant is algae.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：Sea-plant is used on fertilizer, one is added on the basis of original N P and KFarmland, non-irrigated garden are imposed on after quantitative seaweed plant, soil vegetable pine can be made, root system of plant good permeability is conducive to root system to oxygenThe absorption of gas, and contain a large amount of fibers in fertilizer, effectively keep soil from packing together, be conducive to beneficial microorganism in soil to give birth toIt is long, expand and replicate, produce certain natural fertility.The fertilizer that organic matter is made, containing various trace elements, is suitable as soilThe absorption of middle trace element supplement and micro elements by plants, reaches comprehensive and balance soil fertility fertilizer.Sea-plant dry productIn, containing magnesium chloride according to test, per hectogram dry product containing 300 milligrams of magnesium chlorides, magnesium chloride has sterilization antisepsis, makes organic matterIt will not degenerate, the fertilizer of making can be preserved for a long time, and magnesium chloride can kill the fungi of the plant pest in soil when imposing on soil,Such as powdery mildew, carbon strain bacterium, tikka bacterium etc., or suppression make plant lack morbidity, and particularly leaf type plant becomes apparent.
Embodiment：
The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments：
Embodiment one：
A kind of method that the present invention prepares fertilizer for utilization marine resources, mainly there is following steps：
（1）Hold the plant for taking ocean；
（2）Sea-plant through salvaging disembarkation is idle tentatively to be dried for 12 hours；
（3）Shred, roll the sea-plant after preliminary dry, prepared for drying, the sea-plant shredded is with each pieceArea is 20cm2；
（4）Enter supercentrifuge to be dehydrated, form half dry type sea-plant, water content is below 20%, supercentrifuge rotating speedFor 12000 turns per minute, centrifuge 3 minutes；
（5）Sea-plant after dehydration is put into dryer, using reverse-flow distinguished and admirable, extract wet gas current out and reaches drying mesh, the material moisture after drying is less than 8%；
（6）Sea-plant after drying adjusts pH value with hydrochloric acid, and it is 5.3 to make pH value, and to phosphorate, nitrogen, potassium prepares；
（7）Material after acidifying adds acidic phosphorus mine powder 30%, potassium sulfate 25%, ammonium chloride 25% and entered with 5% sea-plant dry productRow mixing, wherein, mixture water content is 12%, and 3% is interstitial impurity in addition, makes added phosphorus mass percentage content with fiveAoxidize two phosphorus and be calculated as 11%, the potassium mass percentage content added is calculated as 16% with potassium oxide, the nitrogen quality hundred addedIt is 5.5% to divide than content；
（8）Gained mixture is finished product.
Embodiment two：
A kind of method that the present invention prepares fertilizer for utilization marine resources, mainly there is following steps：
（1）Hold the plant for taking ocean；
（2）Sea-plant through salvaging disembarkation is idle tentatively to be dried for 12 hours；
（3）Shred, roll the sea-plant after preliminary dry, prepared for drying, the sea-plant shredded is with each pieceArea is 25cm2；
（4）Enter supercentrifuge to be dehydrated, form half dry type sea-plant, water content is below 20%, supercentrifuge rotating speedFor 12000 turns per minute, centrifuge 3 minutes；
（5）Sea-plant after dehydration is put into dryer, using reverse-flow distinguished and admirable, extract wet gas current out and reaches drying mesh, the material moisture after drying is less than 8%；
（6）Sea-plant after drying adjusts pH value with hydrochloric acid, and it is 5 to make pH value, and to phosphorate, nitrogen, potassium prepares；
（7）Material after acidifying adds acidic phosphorus mine powder 30%, potassium sulfate 25%, ammonium chloride 25% and entered with 5% sea-plant dry productRow mixing, wherein, mixture water content is 12%, and 3% is interstitial impurity in addition, makes added phosphorus mass percentage content with fiveAoxidize two phosphorus and be calculated as 10%, the potassium mass percentage content added is calculated as 15% with potassium oxide, the nitrogen quality hundred addedIt is 5% to divide than content；
（8）Gained mixture is finished product.
Embodiment three：
A kind of method that the present invention prepares fertilizer for utilization marine resources, mainly there is following steps：
（1）Hold the plant for taking ocean；
（2）Sea-plant through salvaging disembarkation is idle tentatively to be dried for 12 hours；
（3）Shred, roll the sea-plant after preliminary dry, prepared for drying, the sea-plant shredded is with each pieceArea is 30cm2；
（4）Enter supercentrifuge to be dehydrated, form half dry type sea-plant, water content is below 20%, supercentrifuge rotating speedFor 12000 turns per minute, centrifuge 3 minutes；
（5）Sea-plant after dehydration is put into dryer, using reverse-flow distinguished and admirable, extract wet gas current out and reaches drying mesh, the material moisture after drying is less than 8%；
（6）Sea-plant after drying adjusts pH value with hydrochloric acid, and it is 5.3 to make pH value, and to phosphorate, nitrogen, potassium prepares；
（7）Material after acidifying adds acidic phosphorus mine powder 30%, potassium sulfate 25%, ammonium chloride 25% and entered with 5% sea-plant dry productRow mixing, wherein, mixture water content is 12%, and 3% is interstitial impurity in addition, makes added phosphorus mass percentage content with fiveAoxidize two phosphorus and be calculated as 12%, the potassium mass percentage content added is calculated as 17% with potassium oxide, the nitrogen quality hundred addedIt is 6% to divide than content；
（8）Gained mixture is finished product.
The method that a kind of utilization marine resources of the present invention prepare fertilizer, technology path is as follows：
Sea-plant → hob → physics dehydration → drying → sea-plant dry product is acidified → phosphorates nitrogen potassium → detection → finished product
The technical indicator such as table 1 below that the present invention is reached after testing.
The fertilizer application that the present invention is prepared using marine resources is in the effect test of vegetables：
Experiment one：
It is pakchoi from trial crops, multipoint cell contrast, each plot area is carried out in Raoping County Huang gang town Liu Cuodai villagesFor 0.02 mu.For strand sandyly, three repetitions, surrounding sets protection to soil, implements respectively from March 3rd, 2017 from followingReason：Seed dressing bud or apply new-type fertilizer, not dressing seed bud or does not compare using new-type fertilizer, on March 3rd, 2017 is sowed,Its specific processing method：
1st, 0.02 mu of pakchoi is puddled with 1 jin of new-type fertilizer and seed bud etc., waits sowing of drying in the shade；
2nd, pakchoi 0.02 mu applies 1 jin of new-type fertilizer in seedling stage on March 7th, 2017.（Carry out when afternoon 5 or so）；
3rd, do not dress seed or do not spray（CK）
Result of the test:Control time is on March 13rd, 2017 and on March 21st, 2017, and no matter the application containing new-type fertilizer dresses seedBud or seedling stage apply new-type fertilizer, and dish seedling quality is significantly improved.Investigation result：Through bud processing of dressing seed, height of seedling, number of seedling is more, sturdy,Seedling increases by 15, height of seedling 2.3cm, than CK increases by 15%, 12.3 jin of yield, than CK increases by 7.8%.Seedling stage is through fertilising, height of seedling2.5cm, than CK increases by 25%, 13.5 jin of yield, than CK increases by 18.4%.
Marine resources development new-type fertilizer is applied to the result statistics such as table 2 below of pakchoi.
Experiment two：
It is angle melon from trial crops, multipoint cell contrast is carried out in Raoping County Xin Xu towns Shang Bin villages, each plot area is 0.1Mu.Three repetitions, surrounding sets protection, implements following handle respectively from 2 15th, 2017：Apply fertilizer and without fertilising control, florescenceIt is each after the preceding and florescence to apply once, specific processing method：
1st, 5 jin of new-type fertilizer was applied before 0.1 mu of florescence of angle melon（Carry out when afternoon 5 or so）；
2nd, 5 jin of new-type fertilizer is applied after 0.1 mu of florescence of angle melon（Carry out when afternoon 5 or so）；
3rd, without fertilising（CK）
Result of the test:Using the angle melon containing new-type fertilizer, growth is improved, increase, which is bloomed, to be counted, ties melon and melon weight.Applied fertilizer before first flowerAverage plant height 1.71M, increases than CK mean heights 0.28M and is applied fertilizer after 19.58%, first flower, and average every plant blooms several 12, average than CKIncrease 3, increase by 33%, average 12, melon of every plant of knot increases 33%, average each melon increases 6.3% than CK again, and cell production compares CK than CKIncrease more than 35%, yield increase is in the level of signifiance.
Marine resources development new-type fertilizer is applied to the result statistics such as table 3 below of angle melon.
Experiment three：
It is romaine lettuce from trial crops, carries out cell contrast, Mei Ge little in Raoping County Huang gang town Liu Cuodai villages within 2 16th, 2017Area's area is 0.1 mu, three repetitions, and surrounding sets protection, and soil sandyly, new romaine lettuce fertilizer is applied after selection transplanting for strand,In 5 days investigation survival rates after field planting, new-type fertilizer, harvest time investigation yield, its specific processing method are applied within 15 days after field planting again：
1st, 5 jin of new-type fertilizer is applied after 0.1 mu of transplanting of romaine lettuce（Carry out when afternoon 5 or so）；
2nd, 5 jin of new-type fertilizer is applied within 15 days after 0.1 mu of field planting of romaine lettuce（Carry out when afternoon 5 or so）；
3rd, without fertilising（CK）
Result of the test:Romaine lettuce is applied after new-type fertilizer, and the survival rate of dish seedling improves more than 3.2%, and yield increases by 27 jin than CK, increasesProduction 16%, double administration new-type fertilizer, yield increases by 48 jin, volume increase 28% than CK.
Marine resources development new-type fertilizer is applied to the result statistics such as table 4 below of romaine lettuce.
Listed above is only several specific embodiments of the present invention.It is clear that the invention is not restricted to above example, alsoThere can be many deformations.The institute that one of ordinary skill in the art directly can export or associate from present disclosureThere is deformation, be considered as protection scope of the present invention.