CN107127242B - Flexible steel pad for multipoint forming - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种多点成形用柔性钢垫，属于机械工程领域。该柔性钢垫由多个工字型钢垫和带孔聚氨酯板组成，多个钢垫通过带孔聚氨酯板安装成一体；板材成形时柔性钢垫随多点成形装置基本体单元形成的模面产生变形，卸载后恢复平整的状态，可重复使用；柔性钢垫能够有效分散多点成形装置基本体单元施加的集中载荷，使板材成形过程中受到的应力、应变更均匀，抑制压痕和皱纹的产生，提高加工件的表面质量和成形精度。

The invention relates to a flexible steel pad for multi-point forming, belonging to the field of mechanical engineering. The flexible steel pad is composed of a plurality of I-shaped steel pads and a polyurethane plate with holes, and the plurality of steel pads are installed into one body through the polyurethane plate with holes; when the plate is formed, the flexible steel pad is formed with the mold surface formed by the basic unit of the multi-point forming device. It can be deformed and restored to a flat state after unloading, and can be reused; the flexible steel pad can effectively disperse the concentrated load imposed by the basic unit of the multi-point forming device, so that the stress and strain received during the forming process of the plate are more uniform, and the indentation and wrinkles are suppressed. Produce, improve the surface quality and forming accuracy of the workpiece.

Description

Translated fromChinese

多点成形用柔性钢垫Flexible steel pad for multi-point forming

技术领域：Technical field:

本发明涉及一种多点成形用柔性钢垫，用于三维曲面件的多点成形及多点拉伸成形,属于机械工程领域。The invention relates to a flexible steel pad for multi-point forming, which is used for multi-point forming and multi-point stretching forming of three-dimensional curved parts, and belongs to the field of mechanical engineering.

背景技术：Background technique:

多点成形是一种新的板材柔性成形方法,这种方法是以一系列规则排列的基本体点阵代替传统的冲压模具,通过调整基本体的高度形成所需要的成形面,实现板材的无模、快速、柔性成形。Multi-point forming is a new flexible sheet forming method. This method replaces the traditional stamping die with a series of regularly arranged basic body lattices. Die, rapid, flexible forming.

多点成形时容易在板料上留下压痕、皱纹等缺陷，严重影响成形件的质量和外观。压痕是由于基本体上的集中载荷在板料上产生局部塑性变形形成的。在的上下侧增加聚氨酯垫板，可将多点成形装置基本体单元与板材的点-面接触形式转换为聚氨酯垫与板材间的面-面接触，有效分散基本体单元产生的集中载荷，抑制压痕的产生，但增加聚氨酯垫板后会明显降低板材成形的精度，且聚氨酯垫板厚度越大，对成形精度的影响越明显。During multi-point forming, it is easy to leave indentations, wrinkles and other defects on the sheet, which seriously affects the quality and appearance of the formed parts. The indentation is formed by the localized plastic deformation of the sheet due to the concentrated load on the base body. Adding polyurethane pads on the upper and lower sides of the multi-point forming device can convert the point-to-surface contact between the basic unit of the multi-point forming device and the plate into the surface-to-surface contact between the polyurethane pad and the plate, effectively dispersing the concentrated load generated by the basic unit, suppressing the The formation of indentation, but the addition of the polyurethane backing plate will significantly reduce the forming accuracy of the sheet, and the greater the thickness of the polyurethane backing plate, the more obvious the impact on the forming accuracy.

利用工字型钢垫与带孔聚氨酯板组成的柔性钢垫，可通过钢垫分散多点成形装置基本体单元施加的集中载荷，对板材施加均匀的应力、应变，抑制皱纹和压痕的产生，使板材成形过程中受力更均匀，成形质量更好，精度更高。Using the flexible steel pad composed of I-shaped steel pad and perforated polyurethane plate, the concentrated load exerted by the basic unit of the multi-point forming device can be dispersed through the steel pad, and uniform stress and strain can be applied to the plate, and the generation of wrinkles and indentations can be suppressed. Make the force more uniform in the sheet forming process, the forming quality is better, and the precision is higher.

发明内容：Invention content:

本发明的目的在于提供一种由多个工字型钢垫和带孔聚氨酯板组成的多点成形用柔性钢垫，板材成形时柔性钢垫随多点成形装置基本体单元形成的模面产生变形，卸载后恢复平整的状态，可重复应用于多种不同成形件的成形，并有效地提升形成模面的连续性,分散基本体单元产生的集中载荷，使板材受到均匀的应力、应变，抑制压痕和皱纹的产生，提升板材成形质量。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flexible steel pad for multi-point forming composed of a plurality of I-shaped steel pads and a polyurethane plate with holes. When the plate is formed, the flexible steel pad is deformed with the die surface formed by the basic unit of the multi-point forming device. , After unloading, it will return to a flat state, which can be repeatedly applied to the forming of various different forming parts, and effectively improve the continuity of the forming die surface, disperse the concentrated load generated by the basic unit, so that the plate is subjected to uniform stress and strain, inhibiting The generation of indentation and wrinkles improves the quality of sheet metal forming.

本发明的技术方案结合附图说明如下：The technical scheme of the present invention is described as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

一种多点成形用柔性钢垫由多个工字型钢垫和带孔聚氨酯板组成，其特征在于，所述的钢垫形状为工字型，多个工字型钢垫与带孔聚氨酯板安装成一体。所述多个钢垫的上下表面形状可以是圆形、方形、八边形、六边形或三角形等形状，还可以是不同形状的组合。所述钢垫的材质可以是弹簧钢、不锈钢或其它弹性材料。所述的工字型钢垫可以是一体式结构，也可以是组合式结构，分成上下两段，通过铆接的方法连接而成。A flexible steel pad for multi-point forming is composed of a plurality of I-shaped steel pads and a polyurethane plate with holes. into one. The shapes of the upper and lower surfaces of the plurality of steel pads may be a circle, a square, an octagon, a hexagon or a triangle, and may also be a combination of different shapes. The material of the steel pad can be spring steel, stainless steel or other elastic materials. The I-shaped steel pad can be an integral structure or a combined structure, which is divided into upper and lower sections and is formed by riveting.

根据所述构成方式，通过多个工字型钢垫和带孔聚氨酯板的组合，可有效分散多点成形装置基本体单元施加的集中载荷，提升形成的模面的连续性，使板材受到均匀的应力和应变，抑制皱纹和压痕的产生；板材成形时柔性钢垫随多点成形装置基本体单元形成的模面产生变形，卸载后恢复平整的状态，可重复应用于多种成形件的成形。According to the above construction method, through the combination of multiple I-shaped steel pads and perforated polyurethane plates, the concentrated load exerted by the basic unit of the multi-point forming device can be effectively dispersed, the continuity of the formed die surface can be improved, and the plate can be uniformly subjected to Stress and strain, inhibit the generation of wrinkles and indentations; when the sheet is formed, the flexible steel pad deforms with the die surface formed by the basic unit of the multi-point forming device, and returns to a flat state after unloading, which can be repeatedly applied to the forming of various forming parts .

本发明的技术效果：Technical effect of the present invention:

在多点模具成形过程中使用本发明所述的柔性钢垫，可显著提高形成的模面的连续性，有效分散多点成形装置基本体单元施加的集中载荷，使板材受到均匀的应力、应变，抑制皱纹和压痕的产生，获得更好的成形质量和精度；利用柔性钢垫可随多点成形装置基本体单元形成的模面产生变形，卸载后恢复平整的状态的特点，可将所述的柔性钢垫重复应用于多种成形件的成形。Using the flexible steel pad of the present invention in the multi-point mold forming process can significantly improve the continuity of the formed mold surface, effectively disperse the concentrated load imposed by the basic unit of the multi-point forming device, and make the plate subject to uniform stress and strain. , suppress the generation of wrinkles and indentations, and obtain better forming quality and precision; the flexible steel pad can deform with the die surface formed by the basic unit of the multi-point forming device, and restore the flat state after unloading, which can be The flexible steel pad described above is repeatedly used in the forming of various shaped parts.

附图说明：Description of drawings:

图1a是工字型钢垫上下表面形状为圆形的柔性钢垫结构剖视图。Fig. 1a is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the flexible steel pad whose upper and lower surfaces of the I-shaped steel pad are circular in shape.

图1b是工字型钢垫上下表面形状为圆形的柔性钢垫结构俯视图。Fig. 1b is a top view of the structure of the flexible steel pad whose upper and lower surfaces of the I-shaped steel pad are circular in shape.

图2是柔性钢垫与多点成形装置基本体单元的示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a flexible steel pad and a basic body unit of a multi-point forming device.

图3是使用柔性钢垫的成形过程示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the forming process using a flexible steel pad.

图4a是在上下表面形状为圆形的柔性钢垫中间交错布置一层圆形钢垫的柔性钢垫结构的剖视图。Fig. 4a is a cross-sectional view of a flexible steel pad structure in which a layer of circular steel pads is alternately arranged in the middle of the flexible steel pads whose upper and lower surfaces are circular in shape.

图4b是在上下表面形状为圆形的柔性钢垫中间交错布置一层圆形钢垫的柔性钢垫结构的俯视图。Fig. 4b is a top view of a flexible steel pad structure in which a layer of circular steel pads is alternately arranged in the middle of the flexible steel pads whose upper and lower surfaces are circular in shape.

图5a是采用上下表面为不同直径圆形的工字型钢垫，且交错布置的柔性钢垫结构的剖视图。Fig. 5a is a cross-sectional view of a flexible steel pad structure using I-shaped steel pads whose upper and lower surfaces are circular with different diameters and arranged in a staggered manner.

图5b是采用上下表面为不同直径圆形的工字型钢垫，且交错布置的柔性钢垫结构的俯视图。Fig. 5b is a top view of a flexible steel pad structure using I-shaped steel pads whose upper and lower surfaces are circular with different diameters and arranged in a staggered manner.

图6a是工字型钢垫上下表面形状分别为圆形和八边形的柔性钢垫结构的剖视图。Figure 6a is a cross-sectional view of a flexible steel pad structure whose upper and lower surfaces of the I-shaped steel pad are circular and octagonal, respectively.

图6b是工字型钢垫上下表面形状分别为圆形和八边形的柔性钢垫结构的俯视图。Fig. 6b is a top view of the flexible steel pad structure with the upper and lower surfaces of the I-shaped steel pad being circular and octagonal, respectively.

图7a是工字型钢垫上下表面形状均为圆形的铆钉铆接组合式柔性钢垫结构的剖视图。Fig. 7a is a cross-sectional view of a rivet-riveted combined flexible steel pad structure in which the upper and lower surfaces of the I-shaped steel pad are both circular in shape.

图7b是工字型钢垫上下表面形状均为圆形的铆钉铆接组合式柔性钢垫结构的俯视图。Fig. 7b is a top view of the rivet-riveted combined flexible steel pad structure in which the upper and lower surfaces of the I-shaped steel pad are both circular in shape.

图8a是工字型钢垫上下表面形状均为圆形的自铆接组合式柔性钢垫结构的剖视图。Figure 8a is a cross-sectional view of a self-riveting combined flexible steel pad structure in which the upper and lower surfaces of the I-shaped steel pad are both circular in shape.

图8b是工字型钢垫上下表面形状均为圆形的自铆接组合式柔性钢垫结构的俯视图。Figure 8b is a top view of a self-riveting combined flexible steel pad structure in which the upper and lower surfaces of the I-shaped steel pad are both circular in shape.

图中：1.板材，2.钢垫，2-1.圆形钢垫，2-2.T型钢块，2-3.圆形钢片，3.带孔聚氨酯板，4.调形基本体单元，5.单元固定板，6.铆钉In the picture: 1. Plate, 2. Steel pad, 2-1. Round steel pad, 2-2. T-shaped steel block, 2-3. Round steel sheet, 3. Polyurethane plate with holes, 4. Basic shape adjustment Body unit, 5. Unit fixing plate, 6. Rivet

具体实施方式：Detailed ways:

以下结合附图所示实施例进一步说明本发明的具体内容及实施方式。The specific content and implementation of the present invention are further described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

一种多点成形用柔性钢垫主要由工字型钢垫2和带孔聚氨酯板3组成，多个工字型钢垫2与带孔聚氨酯板3组装成一体。成形前，多点成形装置的上、下基本体单元4根据成形件的CAD数模调节到指定高度。成形时，上模基本体单元4和单元固定板5向下运动，钢垫2随板材的变形而转动，将基本体单元4施加的竖直压应力转化为垂直于板材的压应力，使板材产生变形，同时抑制压痕和皱纹的产生。多个工字型钢垫2与带孔聚氨酯板3形成的一体结构可显著提升模面的连续性，分散基本体单元4施加的集中载荷，使板材成形过程中受到的应力、应变更均匀，提高成形件质量。A flexible steel pad for multi-point forming is mainly composed of an I-shaped steel pad 2 and aperforated polyurethane plate 3, and a plurality of I-shaped steel pads 2 and theperforated polyurethane plate 3 are assembled into one body. Before forming, the upper and lowerbasic body units 4 of the multi-point forming device are adjusted to a specified height according to the CAD digital model of the formed part. When forming, the upper moldbasic unit 4 and the unit fixing plate 5 move downward, and thesteel pad 2 rotates with the deformation of the plate, converting the vertical compressive stress exerted by thebasic unit 4 into the compressive stress perpendicular to the plate, so that the plate Deformation is generated while suppressing indentation and wrinkles. The integrated structure formed by the multiple I-shapedsteel pads 2 and theperforated polyurethane plate 3 can significantly improve the continuity of the die surface, disperse the concentrated load imposed by thebasic unit 4, and make the stress and strain during the forming process of the plate more uniform, improving the efficiency of the forming process. Formed part quality.

图1是工字型钢垫上下表面形状为圆形的柔性钢垫结构图。柔性钢垫主要由多个工字型钢垫2和带孔聚氨酯板3组成，所述的工字型钢垫为一体式结构。Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a flexible steel pad whose upper and lower surfaces of the I-shaped steel pad are circular in shape. The flexible steel pad is mainly composed of a plurality of I-shapedsteel pads 2 and aperforated polyurethane plate 3, and the I-shaped steel pad has an integrated structure.

图2是柔性钢垫与多点成形装置基本体单元的示意图。多点成形装置的上、下基本体单元5调节到指定高度，柔性钢垫按照基本体单元对应的位置摆放到位。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a flexible steel pad and a basic body unit of a multi-point forming device. The upper and lower basic body units 5 of the multi-point forming device are adjusted to a specified height, and the flexible steel pads are placed in place according to the positions corresponding to the basic body units.

图3是使用柔性钢垫的成形过程示意图。上模基本体单元4向下运动，使板材逐渐成形。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the forming process using a flexible steel pad. The uppermold base unit 4 moves downward to gradually form the plate.

图4是在上下表面形状为圆形的柔性钢垫中间交错布置一层圆形钢垫的柔性钢垫结构图。圆形钢垫的位置与工字型钢垫交错布置，可有效提高工字型钢垫形成模面的连续性，使钢垫的受力状况更连续。FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a flexible steel pad in which a layer of circular steel pads is alternately arranged in the middle of the flexible steel pads whose upper and lower surfaces are circular in shape. The position of the circular steel pad is staggered with the I-shaped steel pad, which can effectively improve the continuity of the I-shaped steel pad to form the die surface and make the stress condition of the steel pad more continuous.

图5是采用上下表面为不同直径圆形的工字型钢垫，且交错布置的柔性钢垫结构图。不同排列的工字型钢垫交错布置，钢垫的小圆刚好填充周边大圆形成的空缺，使形成的模面更致密、更连续。FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a flexible steel pad using I-shaped steel pads whose upper and lower surfaces are circles with different diameters, and which are arranged in a staggered manner. Differently arranged I-shaped steel pads are staggered, and the small circles of the steel pads just fill the vacancies formed by the surrounding large circles, so that the formed die surface is denser and more continuous.

图6是工字型钢垫上下表面形状分别为圆形和八边形的柔性钢垫结构图。圆形钢垫之间间隙相对较大，而八边形钢垫与板料接触面积较大，将圆形钢垫置于多点成形装置基本体单元侧，将八边形钢垫置于靠近板材侧，即可保证靠近板材侧钢垫形成的模面连续性较好，又可保证靠近多点成形装置基本体单元侧的钢垫在成形较大曲率的成形件时旋转不干涉。FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a flexible steel pad whose upper and lower surfaces of the I-shaped steel pad are circular and octagonal, respectively. The gap between the circular steel pads is relatively large, and the contact area between the octagonal steel pad and the sheet is relatively large. On the plate side, the continuity of the die surface formed by the steel pad near the plate side can be ensured, and the rotation of the steel pad near the basic unit side of the multi-point forming device can be ensured when forming a formed part with a large curvature without interference.

图7是工字型钢垫上下表面形状均为圆形的铆钉铆接组合式柔性钢垫结构图。将工字型钢垫分割为上下两部分，通过铆钉铆接为一体，可降低钢垫加工难度，与带孔聚氨酯板装配也更简单。FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a rivet-riveted combined flexible steel pad in which the upper and lower surfaces of the I-shaped steel pad are both circular in shape. The I-shaped steel pad is divided into upper and lower parts, which are riveted together by rivets, which can reduce the processing difficulty of the steel pad, and the assembly with the perforated polyurethane plate is also simpler.

图8是工字型钢垫上下表面形状均为圆形的自铆接组合式柔性钢垫结构图。将钢垫设计成自铆接形式，可增加钢垫的刚度。FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a self-riveting combined flexible steel pad in which the upper and lower surfaces of the I-shaped steel pad are both circular in shape. Designing the steel pad in a self-riveting form can increase the stiffness of the steel pad.

Claims (1)

1. A flexible steel pad for multipoint forming mainly comprises a steel pad and a porous polyurethane plate, and is characterized in that the steel pad is I-shaped, the porous polyurethane plate is embedded into a groove on the side surface of the I-shaped steel pad, a plurality of I-shaped steel pads and the porous polyurethane plate are integrally installed, the porous polyurethane plate is a connecting plate and plays a role in flexible connection, and when the flexible steel pad is used, the I-shaped steel pads are directly contacted with a plate and an upper basic body unit or a lower basic body unit of a multipoint forming device;

the shapes of the upper surface and the lower surface of the plurality of steel pads comprise circular, square, octagonal, hexagonal or triangular shapes, or the combination of different shapes;

the steel pad is made of spring steel, stainless steel or other elastic materials;

the I-shaped steel pad is of an integrated structure or a combined structure, is divided into an upper section and a lower section, and is formed by connecting the upper section and the lower section in a riveting mode.

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