本发明涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种用于多入多出系统中的数据传输方法、装置和网络设备。The present invention relates to the communication field, and more specifically, relates to a data transmission method, device and network equipment used in a multiple-input multiple-output system.
伴随着通信技术的迅猛发展，高速、大容量和广覆盖已成为现代通信系统的主要特征。由于通信范围的不断扩大以及通信环境的日趋复杂多样，无线网络中存在的衰落和干扰等问题显得尤为突出。针对上述问题，常见解决方案的基本思路是在无线通信系统中采用频谱效率更高、抗干扰能力更强的无线传输技术。With the rapid development of communication technology, high speed, large capacity and wide coverage have become the main features of modern communication systems. Due to the continuous expansion of communication range and the increasingly complex and diverse communication environment, problems such as fading and interference in wireless networks are particularly prominent. Aiming at the above problems, the basic idea of a common solution is to adopt a wireless transmission technology with higher spectrum efficiency and stronger anti-interference ability in the wireless communication system.
常采用的无线传输技术为，多输入多输出(Multi-input Multi-output，MIMO)技术与正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing，OFDM)技术相结合。但是，由于传统MIMO-OFDM架构需要针对每通道设置独立的循环前缀(Cycle prefix，CP)，快速傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier Transform，FFT)/逆快速傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier Transform，IFFT)模块，且其相应的封均比(Peak Average Power Ratio，PAPR)和信道估计等信号处理的复杂度也随系统带宽以及子载波数的增加而急剧上升。The commonly used wireless transmission technology is the combination of Multi-input Multi-output (MIMO) technology and Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology. However, since the traditional MIMO-OFDM architecture needs to set an independent cyclic prefix (Cycle prefix, CP) for each channel, Fast Fourier Transform (Fast Fourier Transform, FFT)/Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (Fast Fourier Transform, IFFT) module, and the complexity of corresponding signal processing such as Peak Average Power Ratio (PAPR) and channel estimation also increases sharply with the increase of the system bandwidth and the number of subcarriers.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明实施例提供一种用于MIMO系统中的数据传输方法、数据传输装置和网络设备，能够可以降低数据发送端和接收端的信号处理的复杂度，以及降低发送端的PAPR以及提高接收端的信噪比。Embodiments of the present invention provide a data transmission method, data transmission device, and network equipment used in a MIMO system, which can reduce the complexity of signal processing at the data sending end and the receiving end, reduce the PAPR at the sending end, and improve the signal-to-noise at the receiving end Compare.
第一方面，提供了一种用于多入多出MIMO系统中的数据传输方法，包括：In a first aspect, a data transmission method for a multiple-input multiple-output MIMO system is provided, including:
对多个数据流中的每个数据流分别进行编码及加扰处理；Encoding and scrambling each of the plurality of data streams respectively;
对所述经编码及加扰处理后的所述每个数据流进行比特到符号的映射处理；performing bit-to-symbol mapping processing on each of the encoded and scrambled data streams;
将经所述映射处理后的所述每个数据流进行预处理以得到多个天线中每个天线对应的数据流，其中，所述预处理包括以下处理中的至少一种：空域匹配滤波处理以及符号间干扰消除处理；performing preprocessing on each of the data streams processed by the mapping to obtain a data stream corresponding to each of the multiple antennas, wherein the preprocessing includes at least one of the following processes: emptyDomain matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing;
将所述每个天线对应的数据流进行单载波调制处理；performing single-carrier modulation processing on the data stream corresponding to each antenna;
将经所述单载波调制处理后的所述每个天线对应的数据流输出至射频单元，以便于所述射频单元将所述每个天线对应的数据流通过相应的天线将发送至接收端。Outputting the data stream corresponding to each antenna processed by the single carrier modulation to a radio frequency unit, so that the radio frequency unit sends the data stream corresponding to each antenna to a receiving end through a corresponding antenna.
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述将经所述映射处理后的所述每个数据流进行预处理，包括：With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the preprocessing of each data stream processed by the mapping includes:
通过第一预处理矩阵对所述多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理，其中，所述第一预处理矩阵为空域信道矩阵的共轭转置。Perform spatial matched filter processing on the plurality of data streams by using a first preprocessing matrix, where the first preprocessing matrix is a conjugate transpose of a spatial channel matrix.
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述空域信道矩阵H1为维度为Nr×Nt的信道矩阵，r所述接收端的天线数，t为发送端天线数。With reference to the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in the second possible implementation of the first aspect, the spatial domain channel matrix H1 is a channel matrix with a dimension of Nr ×Nt , and r the receiving The number of antennas at the end, and t is the number of antennas at the sending end.
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种或第二可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述将经所述映射处理后的所述每个数据流进行预处理，包括：With reference to the first aspect or the first or second possible implementation of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation of the first aspect, each of the data streams that will be processed by the mapping Perform preprocessing, including:
通过系统函数P(z)对所述每个数据流进行符号间干扰消除处理，其中，Perform inter-symbol interference cancellation processing on each data stream through the system function P(z), wherein,
其中，所述每个数据流被选用的径数为K，K＝2L+1，f(l)表示径l的信道系数，z为Z变换操作符。Wherein, the number of paths selected for each data stream is K, K=2L+1, f(l) represents the channel coefficient of path l, and z is a Z transformation operator.
结合第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述将经所述映射处理后的所述每个数据流进行预处理，包括：With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the preprocessing of each data stream processed by the mapping includes:
通过递归方式实现所述系统函数P(z)。The system function P(z) is implemented recursively.
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述将经单载波调制处理后的所述每个数据流进行预处理，包括：With reference to the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the preprocessing of each data stream processed by single carrier modulation includes:
通过第二预处理矩阵对所述多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和符号间干扰消除处理，其中，所述第二预处理矩阵为空时域信道矩阵的共轭转置。Perform spatial matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the multiple data streams through a second preprocessing matrix, where the second preprocessing matrix is a conjugate transpose of a space-time domain channel matrix.
结合第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述空时域信道矩阵H2为维度为Nr(N+τK)×ΝNt的信道矩阵，r为所述接收端的接收天线数，t为发送端的发送天线数，N为数据流中的每个符号块的长度，τK为所述每个数据流的K条径中最长径的最大时延扩展，其中，K为所述每个数据流被选用的径数。With reference to the fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, the space-time domain channel matrix H2 has a dimension of Nr (N+τK )×NNt channel matrix, r is the number of receiving antennas at the receiving end, t is the number of transmitting antennas at the sending end, N is the length of each symbol block in the data stream, and τK is the maximum of the K paths of each data stream The maximum delay extension of the long path, where K is the number of paths selected for each data flow.
结合第一方面的第三种、第四种或第六种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：In combination with the third, fourth or sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes:
从所述每个数据流对应的径中确定所述K条径，以便于根据所述K条径的信道系数进行符号间干扰消除处理。The K paths are determined from the paths corresponding to each data stream, so as to perform inter-symbol interference elimination processing according to channel coefficients of the K paths.
结合第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述从所述每个数据流对应的径中确定所述K条径，以便于根据所述K条径的信道系数进行符号间干扰消除处理，包括：With reference to the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the K paths are determined from the paths corresponding to each data flow, so that according to The channel coefficients of the K paths are subjected to inter-symbol interference elimination processing, including:
按照以下原则从所述每个数据流对应的所有M条径中选择所述K条径：Select the K paths from all the M paths corresponding to each data stream according to the following principles:
s.t.card{a}＝K<Ms.t.card{a}=K<M
其中，s.t.card{a}＝K<M表征K的个数小于M。Wherein, s.t.card{a}=K<M means that the number of K is less than M.
第二方面，提供了一种用于多入多出MIMO系统中的数据传输装置，包括：In a second aspect, a data transmission device for a multiple-input multiple-output MIMO system is provided, including:
编码及加扰模块，用于对多个数据流中的每个数据流分别进行编码及加扰处理；An encoding and scrambling module is used to encode and scramble each of the multiple data streams respectively;
映射处理模块，用于对所述经编码及加扰处理后的所述每个数据流进行比特到符号的映射处理；A mapping processing module, configured to perform bit-to-symbol mapping processing on each of the encoded and scrambled data streams;
预处理模块，用于将经所述映射处理后的所述每个数据流进行预处理以得到多个天线中每个天线对应的数据流，其中，所述预处理包括以下处理中的至少一种：空域匹配滤波处理以及符号间干扰消除处理；A preprocessing module, configured to preprocess each of the data streams processed by the mapping to obtain a data stream corresponding to each of the multiple antennas, wherein the preprocessing includes at least one of the following processes Type: spatial domain matched filter processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing;
调制处理模块，用于将所述每个天线对应的数据流进行单载波调制处理；a modulation processing module, configured to perform single-carrier modulation processing on the data stream corresponding to each antenna;
输出模块，用于将经所述单载波调制处理后的所述每个天线对应的数据流输出至射频单元，以便于所述射频单元将所述每个天线对应的数据流通过相应的天线将发送至接收端。an output module, configured to output the data stream corresponding to each antenna processed by the single carrier modulation to a radio frequency unit, so that the radio frequency unit transmits the data stream corresponding to each antenna through the corresponding antenna sent to the receiving end.
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述预处理模块具体用于：With reference to the second aspect, in the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the preprocessing module is specifically configured to:
通过第一预处理矩阵对所述多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理，其中，所述第一预处理矩阵为空域信道矩阵的共轭转置。Perform spatial matched filter processing on the plurality of data streams by using a first preprocessing matrix, where the first preprocessing matrix is a conjugate transpose of a spatial channel matrix.
结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述空域信道矩阵H1为维度为Nr×Nt的信道矩阵，r所述接收端的天线数，t为发送端天线数。With reference to the first possible implementation of the second aspect, in the second possible implementation of the second aspect, the spatial domain channel matrix H1 is a channel matrix with a dimension of Nr ×Nt , and r the receiving The number of antennas at the end, and t is the number of antennas at the sending end.
结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种或第二种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述预处理模块具体用于：With reference to the second aspect or the first or second possible implementation of the second aspect, in a third possible implementation of the second aspect, the preprocessing module is specifically configured to:
通过系统函数P(z)对所述每个数据流进行符号间干扰消除处理，其中，Perform inter-symbol interference cancellation processing on each data stream through the system function P(z), wherein,
其中，所述每个数据流被选用的径数为K，K＝2L+1，f(l)表示径l的信道系数，z为Z变换操作符。Wherein, the number of paths selected for each data stream is K, K=2L+1, f(l) represents the channel coefficient of path l, and z is a Z transformation operator.
结合第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述预处理模块具体用于：With reference to the third possible implementation of the second aspect, in a fourth possible implementation of the second aspect, the preprocessing module is specifically configured to:
通过递归方式实现所述系统函数P(z)。The system function P(z) is implemented recursively.
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述预处理模块具体用于：With reference to the second aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the preprocessing module is specifically configured to:
通过第二预处理矩阵对所述多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和符号间干扰消除处理，其中，所述第二预处理矩阵为空时域信道矩阵的共轭转置。Perform spatial matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the multiple data streams through a second preprocessing matrix, where the second preprocessing matrix is a conjugate transpose of a space-time domain channel matrix.
结合第二方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述空时域信道矩阵H2为维度为Nr(N+τK)×ΝNt的信道矩阵，r为所述接收端的接收天线数，t为发送端的发送天线数，N为数据流中的每个符号块的长度，τK为所述每个数据流的K条径中最长径的最大时延扩展，其中，K为所述每个数据流被选用的径数。With reference to the fifth possible implementation of the second aspect, in the sixth possible implementation of the second aspect, the space-time domain channel matrix H2 has a dimension of Nr (N+τK )×NNt channel matrix, r is the number of receiving antennas at the receiving end, t is the number of transmitting antennas at the sending end, N is the length of each symbol block in the data stream, and τK is the maximum of the K paths of each data stream The maximum delay extension of the long path, where K is the number of paths selected for each data flow.
结合第二方面的第三种、第四种或第六种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：With reference to the third, fourth, or sixth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the device further includes:
确定单元，从所述每个数据流对应的径中确定所述K条径，以便于根据所述K条径的信道系数进行符号间干扰消除处理。The determining unit is configured to determine the K paths from the paths corresponding to each data stream, so as to perform inter-symbol interference elimination processing according to channel coefficients of the K paths.
结合第二方面的第七种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述确定单元具体用于：With reference to the seventh possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the determining unit is specifically configured to:
按照以下原则从所述每个数据流对应的所有M条径中选择所述K条径：Select the K paths from all the M paths corresponding to each data stream according to the following principles:
s.t.card{a}＝K<Ms.t.card{a}=K<M
其中，s.t.card{a}＝K<M表征K的个数小于M。Wherein, s.t.card{a}=K<M means that the number of K is less than M.
结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种至第八种中任一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第九种可能的实现方式中，所述装置为基带处理单元。With reference to the second aspect or any one of the first to eighth possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in a ninth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the device is a baseband processing unit.
第三方面，提供了一种用于多入多出MIMO系统中的数据传输装置，包括处理器和存储器；其中，所述存储器中存储程序代码，所述处理器调用所述存储器中的程序代码执行以下操作：In a third aspect, a data transmission device used in a multiple-input multiple-output MIMO system is provided, including a processor and a memory; wherein, the memory stores program codes, and the processor calls the program codes in the memory Do the following:
对多个数据流中的每个数据流分别进行编码及加扰处理；Encoding and scrambling each of the plurality of data streams respectively;
对所述经编码及加扰处理后的所述每个数据流进行比特到符号的映射处理；performing bit-to-symbol mapping processing on each of the encoded and scrambled data streams;
将经所述映射处理后的所述每个数据流进行预处理以得到多个天线中每个天线对应的数据流，其中，所述预处理包括以下处理中的至少一种：空域匹配滤波处理以及符号间干扰消除处理；Preprocessing each data stream after the mapping process to obtain a data stream corresponding to each antenna in the plurality of antennas, wherein the preprocessing includes at least one of the following processes: spatial matched filter processing and inter-symbol interference cancellation processing;
将所述每个天线对应的数据流进行单载波调制处理；performing single-carrier modulation processing on the data stream corresponding to each antenna;
将经所述单载波调制处理后的所述每个天线对应的数据流输出至射频单元，以便于所述射频单元将所述每个天线对应的数据流通过相应的天线将发送至接收端。Outputting the data stream corresponding to each antenna processed by the single carrier modulation to a radio frequency unit, so that the radio frequency unit sends the data stream corresponding to each antenna to a receiving end through a corresponding antenna.
结合第三方面，在第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，在所述处理器调用所述存储器中的程序代码将经所述映射处理后的所述每个数据流进行预处理以得到多个天线中每个天线对应的数据流的过程中，所述处理器具体执行以下操作：With reference to the third aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the processor calls the program code in the memory to preprocess each data stream processed by the mapping to In the process of obtaining the data stream corresponding to each antenna among the multiple antennas, the processor specifically performs the following operations:
通过第一预处理矩阵对所述多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理，其中，所述第一预处理矩阵为空域信道矩阵的共轭转置。Perform spatial matched filter processing on the plurality of data streams by using a first preprocessing matrix, where the first preprocessing matrix is a conjugate transpose of a spatial channel matrix.
结合第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述空域信道矩阵H1为维度为Nr×Nt的信道矩阵，r所述接收端的天线数，t为发送端天线数。With reference to the first possible implementation of the third aspect, in the second possible implementation of the third aspect, the spatial domain channel matrix H1 is a channel matrix with a dimension of Nr ×Nt , and r the receiving The number of antennas at the end, and t is the number of antennas at the sending end.
结合第三方面或第三方面的第一种或第二种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，在所述处理器调用所述存储器中的程序代码将经所述映射处理后的所述每个数据流进行预处理以得到多个天线中每个天线对应的数据流的过程中，所述处理器具体执行以下操作：With reference to the third aspect or the first or second possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the third aspect, when the processor invokes the program code in the memory, the In the process of performing preprocessing on each data stream after the mapping process to obtain a data stream corresponding to each antenna in the plurality of antennas, the processor specifically performs the following operations:
通过系统函数P(z)对所述每个数据流进行符号间干扰消除处理，其中，Perform inter-symbol interference cancellation processing on each data stream through the system function P(z), wherein,
其中，所述每个数据流被选用的径数为K，K＝2L+1，f(l)表示径l的信道系数，z为Z变换操作符。Wherein, the number of paths selected for each data stream is K, K=2L+1, f(l) represents the channel coefficient of path l, and z is a Z transformation operator.
结合第三方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器调用所述存储器中的程序代码通过系统函数P(z)对所述每个数据流进行符号间干扰消除处理的过程中，所述处理器具体执行以下操作：With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the processor invokes the program code in the memory to execute the system function P(z) for each In the process of performing inter-symbol interference elimination processing for each data stream, the processor specifically performs the following operations:
通过递归方式实现所述系统函数P(z)。The system function P(z) is implemented recursively.
结合第三方面，在第三方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，在所述处理器调用所述存储器中的程序代码将经所述映射处理后的所述每个数据流进行预处理以得到多个天线中每个天线对应的数据流的过程中，所述处理器具体执行以下操作：With reference to the third aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the processor invokes the program code in the memory to preprocess each data stream processed by the mapping to In the process of obtaining the data stream corresponding to each antenna among the multiple antennas, the processor specifically performs the following operations:
通过第二预处理矩阵对所述多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和符号间干扰消除处理，其中，所述第二预处理矩阵为空时域信道矩阵的共轭转置。Perform spatial matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the multiple data streams through a second preprocessing matrix, where the second preprocessing matrix is a conjugate transpose of a space-time domain channel matrix.
结合第三方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述空时域信道矩阵H2为维度为Nr(N+τK)×ΝNt的信道矩阵，r为所述接收端的接收天线数，t为发送端的发送天线数，N为数据流中的每个符号块的长度，τK为所述每个数据流的K条径中最长径的最大时延扩展，其中，K为所述每个数据流被选用的径数。With reference to the fifth possible implementation of the third aspect, in the sixth possible implementation of the third aspect, the space-time domain channel matrix H2 has a dimension of Nr (N+τK )×NNt channel matrix, r is the number of receiving antennas at the receiving end, t is the number of transmitting antennas at the sending end, N is the length of each symbol block in the data stream, and τK is the maximum of the K paths of each data stream The maximum delay extension of the long path, where K is the number of paths selected for each data flow.
结合第三方面的第三种、第四种或第六种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器调用所述存储器中的程序代码还执行以下操作：With reference to the third, fourth, or sixth possible implementation of the third aspect, in a seventh possible implementation of the third aspect, the processor invokes the program code in the memory to further execute the following: operate:
从所述每个数据流对应的径中确定所述K条径，以便于根据所述K条径的信道系数进行符号间干扰消除处理。The K paths are determined from the paths corresponding to each data stream, so as to perform inter-symbol interference elimination processing according to channel coefficients of the K paths.
结合第三方面的第七种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器调用所述存储器中的程序代码从所述每个数据流对应的径中确定所述K条径的过程中，所述处理器具体执行以下操作：With reference to the seventh possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the processor invokes the program code in the memory from the path corresponding to each data stream In the process of determining the K diameter, the processor specifically performs the following operations:
按照以下原则选择所述K条径：Select the K diameter according to the following principles:
s.t.card{a}＝K<Ms.t.card{a}=K<M
其中，s.t.card{a}＝K<M表征K的个数小于M。Wherein, s.t.card{a}=K<M means that the number of K is less than M.
结合第三方面或第三方面的第一种至第八种中任一种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第九种可能的实现方式中，所述装置为基带处理单元。With reference to the third aspect or any one of the first to eighth possible implementation manners of the third aspect, in a ninth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the device is a baseband processing unit.
第四方面，提供了一种网络设备，其特征在于，包括第二方面或第二方面中任一种可能的实现方式中的装置或包括第三方面或第三方面中任一种可能的实现方式中的装置，以及射频单元。The fourth aspect provides a network device, which is characterized in that it includes the second aspect or the secondThe device in any possible implementation manner of the aspect or includes the third aspect or the device in any possible implementation manner of the third aspect, and a radio frequency unit.
因此，在本发明实施例中，通过将映射处理后的数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理以得到每个天线对应的数据流，并将每个天线对应的数据流进行单载波调制处理，从而在MIMO场景下，发送端可以无需执行加CP处理以及FFT处理，从而可以降低信号处理的复杂度并且可以降低PAPR；并且由于对经映射处理后的数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理，因此可以提高接收端的信噪比；并且由于发送端不需要进行OFDM解调，减CP等操作，因此接收端可以只需进行同步、解调、解扰和解码操作，从而降低接收端数据处理的复杂度。Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the data stream corresponding to each antenna is obtained by performing spatial matched filtering processing and/or inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the mapped data stream, and performing the data stream corresponding to each antenna Single-carrier modulation processing, so that in MIMO scenarios, the sending end does not need to perform CP processing and FFT processing, thereby reducing the complexity of signal processing and reducing PAPR; and due to the spatial matching filtering of the mapped data stream Processing and/or inter-symbol interference cancellation processing, so the signal-to-noise ratio of the receiving end can be improved; and since the transmitting end does not need to perform OFDM demodulation, CP reduction and other operations, the receiving end can only need to perform synchronization, demodulation, descrambling and Decoding operation, thereby reducing the complexity of data processing at the receiving end.
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.
图1是根据本发明实施例的用于MIMO系统中的数据传输方法的示意性流程图。Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method used in a MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图2是根据本发明实施例的用于MIMO系统中的数据传输方法的示意性流程图。Fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method used in a MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图3是根据本发明实施例的用于MIMO系统中的数据传输方法的示意性流程图。Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method used in a MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图4是根据本发明另一实施例的用于MIMO系统中的数据传输方法的示意性图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission method used in a MIMO system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
图5是根据本发明另一实施例的用于MIMO系统中的数据传输方法的示意性图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission method used in a MIMO system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
图6是根据本发明另一实施例的用于MIMO系统中的数据传输装置的示意性流程图。Fig. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission device used in a MIMO system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
图7是根据本发明另一实施例的用于MIMO系统中的数据传输装置的示意性流程图。Fig. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission device used in a MIMO system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
图8是根据本发明另一实施例用于MIMO系统中的数据传输装置的示意性流程图。Fig. 8 is a diagram of a data transmission device used in a MIMO system according to another embodiment of the present inventionIntentional flowchart.
图9是根据本发明另一实施例网络设备的示意性流程图。Fig. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a network device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
大规模MIMO(Very Large MIMO或Massive MIMO)以其特有的优点：获得更高倍数的信道容量，更低的能量消耗，十分精准的空间区分度，获得了无线通信领域的相当关注。MIMO的空域自由度可以应用于单载波传输，本发明提出了一种将MIMO与单载波调制相结合的方案，可以解决MIMO-OFDM架构下信号处理复杂度较高的问题。Massive MIMO (Very Large MIMO or Massive MIMO) has gained considerable attention in the field of wireless communication due to its unique advantages: higher channel capacity, lower energy consumption, and very precise spatial discrimination. The spatial freedom degree of MIMO can be applied to single-carrier transmission. The present invention proposes a scheme combining MIMO and single-carrier modulation, which can solve the problem of high signal processing complexity under the MIMO-OFDM architecture.
图1根据本发明实施例中的用于MIMO系统中的数据传输方法100的示意性流程图。如图1所示，该方法100包括：FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method 100 used in a MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the method 100 includes:
110，对多个数据流中的每个数据流分别进行编码及加扰处理；110. Perform encoding and scrambling processing on each of the multiple data streams;
120，对经编码及加扰处理后的所述每个数据流进行比特到符号的映射处理；120. Perform bit-to-symbol mapping processing on each encoded and scrambled data stream;
130，将经所述映射处理后的所述每个数据流进行预处理以得到多个天线中每个天线对应的数据流，其中，所述预处理包括以下处理中的至少一种：空域匹配滤波处理以及符号间干扰消除处理；130. Perform preprocessing on each data stream after the mapping process to obtain a data stream corresponding to each antenna in the plurality of antennas, where the preprocessing includes at least one of the following processes: spatial domain matching filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing;
140，将所述每个天线对应的数据流进行单载波调制处理；140. Perform single carrier modulation processing on the data stream corresponding to each antenna;
150，将经所述单载波调制处理后的所述每个天线对应的数据流输出至射频单元，以便于所述射频单元将所述每个天线通过相应的天线输出接收端。150. Output the data stream corresponding to each antenna after the single carrier modulation processing to a radio frequency unit, so that the radio frequency unit outputs each antenna to a receiving end through a corresponding antenna.
具体地说，如图2，在确定多个数据流之后，对该多个数据流中的每个数据流进行编码(例如，进行Turbo编码)以及加扰处理；然后将该编码及加扰处理后的每个数据流通过星座图进行比特到符号的映射处理；并将映射处理后的每个数据流进行包括空域匹配滤波处理以及符号间干扰消除处理中的至少一种的预处理以得到每个天线对应的数据流，将每个天线对应的数据流进行单载波调制处理；将经单载波调制处理后的每个天线对应的数据流输出至射频单元，以便于所述射频单元将所述每个数据流通过多个天线将发送至接收端。Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, after a plurality of data streams are determined, each data stream in the plurality of data streams is encoded (for example, performing Turbo encoding) and scrambled; then the encoded and scrambled Each data stream after the constellation map is used to perform bit-to-symbol mapping processing; and each data stream after the mapping process is subjected to at least one preprocessing including spatial domain matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing to obtain each The data stream corresponding to each antenna, the data stream corresponding to each antenna is subjected to single-carrier modulation processing; the data stream corresponding to each antenna after single-carrier modulation processing is processedoutput to the radio frequency unit, so that the radio frequency unit sends each data stream to the receiving end through multiple antennas.
因此，在本发明实施例中，通过将映射处理后的数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理以得到每个天线对应的数据流，并将每个天线对应的数据流进行单载波调制处理，从而在MIMO场景下，发送端可以无需执行加CP处理以及FFT处理，从而可以降低信号处理的复杂度并且可以降低PAPR；并且由于对经映射处理后的数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理，因此可以提高接收端的信噪比；并且由于发送端不需要进行OFDM解调，减CP等操作，因此接收端可以只需进行同步、解调、解扰和解码操作(如图5所示)，从而降低接收端数据处理的复杂度。Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the data stream corresponding to each antenna is obtained by performing spatial matched filtering processing and/or inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the mapped data stream, and performing the data stream corresponding to each antenna Single-carrier modulation processing, so that in MIMO scenarios, the sending end does not need to perform CP processing and FFT processing, thereby reducing the complexity of signal processing and reducing PAPR; and due to the spatial matching filtering of the mapped data stream Processing and/or inter-symbol interference cancellation processing, so the signal-to-noise ratio of the receiving end can be improved; and since the transmitting end does not need to perform OFDM demodulation, CP reduction and other operations, the receiving end can only need to perform synchronization, demodulation, descrambling and The decoding operation (as shown in FIG. 5 ), thereby reducing the complexity of data processing at the receiving end.
其中，接收端进行的同步、解调、解扰和解码各个操作可以参考现有技术中的同步、解调、解扰和解码，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。Wherein, the synchronization, demodulation, descrambling and decoding operations performed by the receiving end can refer to the synchronization, demodulation, descrambling and decoding in the prior art, and for the sake of brevity, details are not repeated here.
在本发明实施例中，方法100的执行主体(即发送端)为网络设备，该网络设备可以为基站或者基站中的基带处理单元(Base Band Unit，BBU)，接收端可以为用户设备(UE，User Equipment)。该网络设备可以包括基带处理单元和射频单元，射频单元具体可以为射频拉远单元。In the embodiment of the present invention, the subject of execution of the method 100 (i.e., the transmitting end) is a network device, the network device may be a base station or a base band processing unit (BBU) in a base station, and the receiving end may be a user equipment (UE) , User Equipment). The network device may include a baseband processing unit and a radio frequency unit, and the radio frequency unit may specifically be a radio remote unit.
用户设备，也可称之为移动终端(Mobile Terminal)、移动用户设备等，可以经无线接入网(例如，RAN，Radio Access Network)与一个或多个核心网进行通信，用户设备可以是移动终端，如移动电话(或称为“蜂窝”电话)和具有移动终端的计算机，例如，可以是便携式、袖珍式、手持式、计算机内置的或者车载的移动装置，它们与无线接入网交换语言和/或数据。User equipment, also called mobile terminal (Mobile Terminal), mobile user equipment, etc., can communicate with one or more core networks via a radio access network (for example, RAN, Radio Access Network), and the user equipment can be a mobile Terminals, such as mobile telephones (or "cellular" telephones) and computers with mobile terminals, such as portable, pocket, hand-held, built-in computer, or vehicle-mounted mobile devices, exchange language with the radio access network and/or data.
网络设备可以是用于与移动设备通信的设备，网络设备可以是GSM(Global System of Mobile communication，全球移动通讯)或CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access，码分多址)中的BTS(Base Transceiver Station，基站)，也可以是WCDMA(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，宽带码分多址)中的NB(NodeB，基站)，还可以是LTE(Long Term Evolution，长期演进)中的eNB或eNodeB(Evolutional Node B，演进型基站)或接入点，或者车载设备、可穿戴设备，未来5G网络中的网络侧设备或者未来演进的PLMN(Public Land Mobile Network，公共陆地移动网络)网络中的网络设备。The network device can be a device used to communicate with mobile devices, and the network device can be a BTS (Base Transceiver Station, Base station), it can also be NB (NodeB, base station) in WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, wideband code division multiple access), it can also be eNB or eNodeB (Evolutional Node B) in LTE (Long Term Evolution, long-term evolution) , evolved base station) or access point, or vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable equipment, network-side equipment in the future 5G network, or network equipment in the future evolved PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network, public land mobile network) network.
在本发明实施例中，上述进行编码和加扰处理多个数据流可以对应于一个接收端，也可以对应于多个接收端。In the embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned encoding and scrambling processing of multiple data streams may correspond to aA receiving end, can also correspond to multiple receiving ends.
在本发明实施例中，将经映射处理后的每个数据流进行预处理可以指：可以对映射处理后的任一个数据流分别进行符号间干扰消除处理和空域匹配滤波处理，例如，通过两种不同系统或部件或步骤分别进行空域匹配滤波处理以及符号间干扰消除处理；或者，可以对映射处理后的任一个数据流同时进行符号间干扰消除处理和空域匹配滤波处理，例如，通过同一个系统或部件或步骤同时进行空域匹配滤波处理以及符号间干扰消除处理。当然，在本发明实施例中，也可以对映射处理后的任一个数据流只进行符号间干扰消除处理或只进行空域匹配滤波处理。为了便于理解，以下将进行详细说明。In this embodiment of the present invention, performing preprocessing on each data stream after mapping processing may refer to performing inter-symbol interference elimination processing and spatial matched filtering processing on any data stream after mapping processing, for example, through two Different systems or components or steps perform spatial matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing respectively; or, any data stream after mapping processing can perform inter-symbol interference elimination processing and spatial domain matched filtering processing at the same time, for example, through the same The system or components or steps simultaneously perform spatial-domain matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing. Of course, in this embodiment of the present invention, only inter-symbol interference cancellation processing or only spatial domain matched filtering processing may be performed on any data stream after mapping processing. For ease of understanding, detailed description will be given below.
在本发明实施例中，130中所述将经所述映射处理后的所述每个数据流进行预处理，可以包括：In the embodiment of the present invention, the preprocessing of each data stream after the mapping process in step 130 may include:
通过第一预处理矩阵对所述多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理，其中，所述第一预处理矩阵为空域信道矩阵的共轭转置。Perform spatial matched filter processing on the plurality of data streams by using a first preprocessing matrix, where the first preprocessing matrix is a conjugate transpose of a spatial channel matrix.
具体地，通过预处理矩阵P对所述多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理，其中，所述预处理矩阵P＝HH，H为维度为Nr×Nt的空域信道矩阵(也可称为下行信道冲击响应)，r为接收端维度(具体可以对应于接收端天线数量)，t为发送端维度(具体可以对应于发送端天线数量)。Specifically, perform spatial matched filter processing on the plurality of data streams through a preprocessing matrix P, wherein the preprocessing matrix P=HH , and H is a spatial domain channel matrix with a dimension of Nr ×Nt (also called is the downlink channel impulse response), r is the receiving end dimension (specifically, it may correspond to the number of receiving end antennas), and t is the transmitting end dimension (specifically, it may correspond to the number of transmitting end antennas).
具体地说，根据MIMO系统下各个天线空域的近似正交特性，可以对多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理，以消除各个数据流的小尺度衰落及数据流间的干扰。Specifically, according to the approximately orthogonal characteristics of each antenna space in the MIMO system, spatial matched filtering can be performed on multiple data streams to eliminate the small-scale fading of each data stream and the interference between data streams.
将多个数据流进行预处理之后，并通过射频单元发射，经由下行信道到达接收端的信号模型可以如下所示：After preprocessing multiple data streams and transmitting them through the radio frequency unit, the signal model that reaches the receiving end via the downlink channel can be as follows:
y＝HPs+ny=HPs+n
其中，y为维度为Nr×1的矩阵，表征接收端的接收信号(其中，该接收信号可以对应于一个接收端，也可以对应于多个接收端)；s为维度Ns×1的矩阵，表征发送端未进行预处理的数据流，共有Ns个数据流；P为维度为Nt×Ns预处理矩阵；H为维度为Nr×Nt信道矩阵；n为维度为Nr×1的矩阵，表征接收端噪声；r为接收端维度，t为发送端维度。Among them, y is a matrix with a dimension of Nr ×1, which represents the received signal of the receiving end (wherein, the received signal may correspond to one receiving end, or may correspond to multiple receiving ends); s is a matrix with a dimension of Ns ×1 , representing the data stream that has not been preprocessed at the sending end, and there are Ns data streams in total; P is the preprocessing matrix with dimension Nt ×Ns ; H is the channel matrix with dimension Nr ×Nt ; n is the dimension Nr The matrix of ×1 represents the receiver noise; r is the dimension of the receiver, and t is the dimension of the transmitter.
根据匹配滤波原理，预处理矩阵可设计为P＝HH,其中HH为共轭转置操作。According to the principle of matched filtering, the preprocessing matrix can be designed as P=HH , where HH is the conjugate transpose operation.
在MIMO系统下，各天线空域的近似正交特性，当天线数显著增加时，HP＝HHH趋近于一个对角阵。此即意味着采用预处理矩阵P＝HH对各个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理，消除各个数据流的小尺度衰落及数据流间的干扰，接收端对接收信号做同步解调等操作即可获得较高的信噪比。Under the MIMO system, the approximate orthogonal characteristics of the air space of each antenna, when the number of antennas increases significantly, HP=HHH tends to a diagonal array. This means that the preprocessing matrix P=HH is used to perform spatial matching filter processing on each data stream to eliminate the small-scale fading of each data stream and the interference between data streams, and the receiving end performs synchronous demodulation of the received signal and other operations. obtain a higher signal-to-noise ratio.
应理解，在本发明实施例中，空域信道矩阵也可以是除维度为Nr×Nt的空域信道矩阵之外的具有其他维度的矩阵。It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the spatial domain channel matrix may also be a matrix with other dimensions besides the spatial domain channel matrix whose dimension is Nr ×Nt .
上述已经描述了如何对各个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理，若MIMO系统下，大规模天线间具有一定的相关性，对于单载波系统，每个数据流就会产生较为显著的符号间干扰，因此可以对各个数据流进行符号间干扰消除处理。The above has described how to perform spatial matching filter processing on each data stream. If there is a certain correlation between large-scale antennas in a MIMO system, for a single-carrier system, each data stream will generate more significant inter-symbol interference. Therefore Inter-symbol interference cancellation processing may be performed on each data stream.
以下将介绍如何对数据间进行符号间干扰消除处理。为了便于理解，首先介绍符号间干扰消除处理的系统函数的推导过程。The following will introduce how to eliminate inter-symbol interference between data. In order to facilitate understanding, the derivation process of the system function of inter-symbol interference cancellation processing is firstly introduced.
假设经过符号间干扰消除处理后发送的数据流经过信道传输后，所得到的接收信号可以表示为：Assuming that the data stream sent after the inter-symbol interference cancellation process is transmitted through the channel, the received signal obtained can be expressed as:
其中，表征时刻k对应的接收端的接收信号；s[k]表征时刻k对应的发送端的发送信号；f[l]表征径l的信道系数；s[k-l]表征时刻k-l对应的发送端的发送信号；为符号间干扰；z(k)为接收端噪声；数据流对应的总径数为2L+1。Among them, the received signal of the receiving end corresponding to time k is represented; s[k] represents the sending signal of the sending end corresponding to time k; f[l] represents the channel coefficient of path l; s[k-l] represents the sending signal of the sending end corresponding to time k-l ; is the intersymbol interference; z(k) is the noise at the receiving end; the total number of paths corresponding to the data stream is 2L+1.
假设经过符号间干扰消除处理前数据流的时刻k的符号为a[k]，经符号间干扰消除处理后的输出信号为s[k]，那么为了保证符号间干扰在接收端被完全消除，符号间干扰消除处理应该满足如下要求：Assuming that the symbol at time k of the data stream before the ISI elimination processing is a[k], and the output signal after the ISI elimination processing is s[k], then in order to ensure that the ISI is completely eliminated at the receiving end, Inter-symbol interference cancellation processing should meet the following requirements:
相应地，其Z变换表达式为Correspondingly, its Z-transform expression is
这样，符号间干扰消除处理的系统函数，记为P[z]，可以表示为In this way, the system function of inter-symbol interference cancellation processing, denoted as P[z], can be expressed as
其中，数据流对应的总径数为2L+1，f(l)表示径l的信道系数，z为Z变换操作符。Wherein, the total number of paths corresponding to the data stream is 2L+1, f(l) represents the channel coefficient of path l, and z is the Z transformation operator.
从以上系统函数可以看出，该系统函数可以由反馈环节实现，相应的系统结构可以如图3所示。It can be seen from the above system functions that the system functions can be realized by the feedback link, and the corresponding system structure can be shown in Figure 3.
从图3中可以看出，该系统将已经输出的信号反馈回来形成新的输出信号，所以这种实现方式可以理解为是一种递归方式，可以称为递归干扰预消除系统。It can be seen from Figure 3 that the system feeds back the output signal to form a new output signal, so this implementation can be understood as a recursive method, which can be called a recursive interference pre-cancellation system.
如图3所示，该系统包括正向延时支路和负向延时支路。在负向延时支路，将当前时刻对应的延时之前的各个延时径上的信道系数与该延时对应的输入信号相乘；在正向延时支路，将当前时刻对应的延时之后的各个延时径上的信道系数与该延时对应的输入信号相乘。将得到的所有结果与当前时刻输入信号相加，得到的输出信号即为经过符号间干扰消除处理的信号。该经过符号间干扰消除的信号可以进行空域匹配滤波处理，并进行单载波调制处理(未示出)之后，发送至射频单元，再经由天线发送至接收端。As shown in Figure 3, the system includes a positive delay branch and a negative delay branch. In the negative delay branch, the channel coefficients on each delay path before the delay corresponding to the current moment are multiplied by the input signal corresponding to the delay; in the forward delay branch, the delay corresponding to the current moment is multiplied by The channel coefficients on each delay path after 1 hour are multiplied by the input signal corresponding to the delay. All the obtained results are added to the input signal at the current moment, and the obtained output signal is the signal processed by inter-symbol interference cancellation. The signal that has undergone ISI elimination can be processed by spatial matched filtering and single-carrier modulation (not shown), and then sent to the radio frequency unit, and then sent to the receiving end via the antenna.
因此，在本发明实施例中，在大规模天线间具有相关性，每个数据流的各条径的正交关系不再存在时，则会导致符号间的干扰，通过系统函数可以消除数据流的符号间干扰，从而可以进一步提高接收端的信干噪比。Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, there is correlation between large-scale antennas, and when the orthogonal relationship of each path of each data stream no longer exists, it will cause interference between symbols, and the data stream can be eliminated through the system function The inter-symbol interference can further improve the signal-to-interference-noise ratio at the receiving end.
应理解，在图3中，虽然示出了先进行符号间干扰消除处理，后进行空域匹配滤波处理，但本发明实施例并不限于此，可以先进行空域匹配滤波处理，后进行符号间干扰消除处理，或者只进行空域匹配滤波处理或只进行符号间干扰消除处理。It should be understood that in FIG. 3 , although it is shown that the ISI cancellation process is performed first, and then the spatial matched filtering process is performed, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the spatial matched filtering process may be performed first, and then the ISI is performed. Elimination processing, or only perform spatial domain matched filtering processing or only perform inter-symbol interference elimination processing.
还应理解，在本发明实施例中，系统函数P(z)除了通过图3所示的递归干扰消除方式实现，还可以通过其他方式实现，本发明实施例并不对此进行限定。以及，除了上述系统函数P(z)，本发明实施例还可以通过其他系统函数实现符号间干扰消除处理。It should also be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the system function P(z) may be realized in other ways besides the recursive interference cancellation method shown in FIG. 3 , which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. And, in addition to the above-mentioned system function P(z), the embodiment of the present invention can also implement inter-symbol interference elimination processing through other system functions.
在上述符号间干扰消除处理中，多径的径数2L+1(为了便于描述，以下将K＝2L+1)是可调参数，对于具有M条多径的冲击响应的数据流，可以根据需要确定K条多径进行递归干扰消除，以达到性能和复杂度的折中，其中，1≤K＜M。In the above-mentioned intersymbol interference elimination process, the path number 2L+1 of the multipath (for convenience of description, hereinafter K=2L+1) is an adjustable parameter, and for the data flow with the impulse response of M multipath, it can be according It is necessary to determine K multipaths for recursive interference elimination to achieve a compromise between performance and complexity, where 1≤K<M.
当根据当前场景，确定上述系统函数中的K的大小之后，可以根据以下原则，确定具体采用哪K条径的信道系数：After the size of K in the above system function is determined according to the current scenario, which K channel coefficients to use can be determined according to the following principles:
s.t.card{a}＝K<Ms.t.card{a}=K<M
其中，s.t.card{a}＝K<M表征K的个数小于MAmong them, s.t.card{a}=K<M means that the number of K is less than M
该公式意味着从M条径中信道系数最强的K条径用于符号间干扰消除。这样可以保证在相同复杂度的前提下达到最好的性能。This formula means that the K paths with the strongest channel coefficients among the M paths are used for intersymbol interference elimination. This ensures the best performance with the same complexity.
因此，在本发明实施例中，通过调整上述符号间干扰消除中所采用的径数，其中，K小于M，可以实现性能和复杂度的折中。Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a compromise between performance and complexity can be achieved by adjusting the number of paths used in the foregoing inter-symbol interference cancellation, wherein K is smaller than M.
以上已经描述了如何分别进行空域匹配滤波处理以及符合间干扰消除处理。但是，在本发明实施例中，可以对数据流同时进行符号间干扰消除处理和空域匹配滤波处理，以下将对该种情况进行详细描述。The above has described how to perform spatial matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference cancellation processing respectively. However, in the embodiment of the present invention, the inter-symbol interference cancellation process and the spatial domain matched filter process can be performed on the data stream at the same time, which will be described in detail below.
在本发明实施例中，130中所述将经所述映射处理后的所述每个数据流进行预处理，其中，所述预处理包括以下处理中的至少一种：空域匹配滤波处理以及符号间干扰消除处理，可以包括：In the embodiment of the present invention, in step 130, each data stream after the mapping process is preprocessed, wherein the preprocessing includes at least one of the following processes: spatial matched filter processing and symbolic Interference cancellation processing may include:
通过第二预处理矩阵对所述多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和符号间干扰消除处理，其中，所述第二预处理矩阵为空时域信道矩阵的共轭转置。Perform spatial matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the multiple data streams through a second preprocessing matrix, where the second preprocessing matrix is a conjugate transpose of a space-time domain channel matrix.
具体地，通过预处理矩阵P对所述多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和符号间干扰消除处理；其中，P＝HH，H为维度为Nr(N+τK)×ΝNt信道矩阵，r为接收端维度(具体可以对应于接收端天线数量)，t为发送端维度(具体可以对应于发送端天线数量)，N为数据流中的每个符号块的长度，τK为K条径中最长径的最大时延扩展。Specifically, the spatial domain matched filter processing and the inter-symbol interference elimination processing are performed on the multiple data streams through the preprocessing matrix P; wherein, P=HH , and H is a channel with a dimension of Nr (N+τK )×NNt matrix, r is the receiving end dimension (specifically, it may correspond to the number of receiving end antennas), t is the transmitting end dimension (specifically, it may correspond to the number of transmitting end antennas), N is the length of each symbol block in the data stream, and τK is The maximum delay spread of the longest path among the K paths.
在本发明实施例中，空域匹配滤波处理和符号间干扰消除处理共同实现时也可以被称作为空时域二维匹配滤波处理。In the embodiment of the present invention, when the spatial-domain matched filter processing and the inter-symbol interference elimination processing are jointly implemented, it may also be referred to as a space-time domain two-dimensional matched filter processing.
在MIMO系统下，各天线空域的近似正交特性，当天线数显著增加时，HP＝HHH趋近于一个对角阵。此即意味着采用预处理矩阵P＝HH对各个数据流进行空时域二维匹配滤波处理，可以消除各个数据流的小尺度衰落及据流间干扰，接收端对接收信号做同步解调等操作即可获得较高的信噪比。Under the MIMO system, the approximate orthogonal characteristics of each antenna space, when the number of antennas increases significantly, HP = HHH tends to a diagonal array. This means that the preprocessing matrix P=HH is used to perform space-time two-dimensional matched filter processing on each data stream, which can eliminate the small-scale fading of each data stream and the interference between data streams, and the receiving end performs synchronous demodulation on the received signal A higher signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained through other operations.
具体地，该空时域二维匹配滤波处理的实现可以如图4所示。其中，图4示出了如何进行空时域匹配滤波处理的示意性图。Specifically, the realization of the two-dimensional matched filter processing in the space-time domain may be as shown in FIG. 4 . Wherein, FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of how to perform space-time domain matched filtering processing.
将符号分别与相乘，其中，k取值从1到K，将各自相乘结果延时之后进行相加，以得到各个天线对应的数据流；即，对于而言，将k取值从1到K而得到的相乘结果延时之后进行相加；对于而言，将k取值从1到K而得到的相乘结果延时之后进行相加，其他类似；例如，将符号分别与相乘，并分别延时τ1,τ2,,,τK之后，将得到的结果进行相加，将相加得到的结果进行单载波调制处理(未示出)后发送至射频单元，以便射频单元通过天线将数据流发送至接收端。其中，表示天线Nt对应的径k的信道系数的共轭。Multiply the symbols with , where k takes a value from 1 to K, and adds up the respective multiplication results after a delay to obtain the data stream corresponding to each antenna; that is, for k, take a value from 1 to The multiplication result obtained from K to K is added after a delay; for the case, the multiplication result obtained by k from 1 to K is added after a delay, and the others are similar; for example, the symbols are respectively compared with multiplied by τ1 , τ2 ,,, τK respectively, the results obtained are added, and the result obtained by the addition is subjected to single-carrier modulation processing (not shown) and then sent to the radio frequency unit, so that the radio frequency The unit sends the data stream to the receiver via the antenna. Wherein, represents the conjugate of the channel coefficient of the path k corresponding to the antenna Nt .
应理解，在本发明实施例中，空时域预处理矩阵可以是除维度为Nr(N+τK)×ΝNt的信道矩阵之外的其他信道矩阵；以及，可以通过除图4之外的其他实现方式实现上述第二预处理矩阵。It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the space-time domain preprocessing matrix may be other channel matrices except the channel matrix whose dimension is Nr (N+τK )×NNt ; other implementation manners to implement the above-mentioned second preprocessing matrix.
在上述符号间干扰消除处理中，多径的径数2L+1(为了便于描述，以下将K＝2L+1)是可调参数，对于具有M条多径的冲击响应的数据流，可以根据需要确定K条多径进行递归干扰消除，以达到性能和复杂度的折中，其中，1≤K＜M。In the above-mentioned intersymbol interference elimination process, the path number 2L+1 of the multipath (for convenience of description, hereinafter K=2L+1) is an adjustable parameter, and for the data flow with the impulse response of M multipath, it can be according It is necessary to determine K multipaths for recursive interference elimination to achieve a compromise between performance and complexity, where 1≤K<M.
当根据当前场景，确定上述系统函数中的K的大小之后，可以根据以下原则，确定具体采用哪K条径的信道系数：After the size of K in the above system function is determined according to the current scenario, which K channel coefficients to use can be determined according to the following principles:
s.t.card{a}＝K<Ms.t.card{a}=K<M
其中，s.t.card{a}＝K<M表征K的个数小于M；Among them, s.t.card{a}=K<M means that the number of K is less than M;
该公式意味着从M条径中信道系数最强的K条径用于符号间干扰消除。这样可以保证在相同复杂度的前提下达到最好的性能。This formula means that the K paths with the strongest channel coefficients among the M paths are used for intersymbol interference elimination. This ensures the best performance with the same complexity.
因此，在本发明实施例中，通过调整上述符号间干扰消除中所采用的径数，其中，K小于M，可以实现性能和复杂度的折中。Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a compromise between performance and complexity can be achieved by adjusting the number of paths used in the foregoing inter-symbol interference cancellation, wherein K is smaller than M.
因此，在本发明实施例中，通过将映射处理后的数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理，并将经空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理的数据流进行单载波调制处理，在MIMO场景下，发送端可以无需执行加CP处理以及FFT处理，从而可以降低信号处理的复杂度并且可以降低PAPR；并且由于对经映射处理后的数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理，因此可以提高接收端的信噪比；并且由于发送端不需要进行OFDM解调，减CP等操作，因此接收端只需进行同步、解调、解扰和解码操作，从而降低接收端数据处理的复杂度。Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, by performing spatial matched filtering processing and/or inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the data stream after mapping processing, and performing spatial matching filtering processing and/or inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the data stream Single-carrier modulation processing, in the MIMO scenario, the sending end does not need to perform CP processing and FFT processing, which can reduce the complexity of signal processing and reduce PAPR; and because the spatial domain matching filter processing is performed on the mapped data stream And/or inter-symbol interference cancellation processing, so the signal-to-noise ratio of the receiving end can be improved; and since the sending end does not need to perform OFDM demodulation, CP reduction and other operations, the receiving end only needs to perform synchronization, demodulation, descrambling and decoding operations , thereby reducing the complexity of data processing at the receiving end.
其中，接收端进行的同步、解调、解扰和解码各个操作可以参考现有技术中的同步、解调、解扰和解码，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。Wherein, the synchronization, demodulation, descrambling and decoding operations performed by the receiving end can refer to the synchronization, demodulation, descrambling and decoding in the prior art, and for the sake of brevity, details are not repeated here.
图6是根据本发明实施例的用于多入多出MIMO系统中的数据传输装置200的示意性框图。如图6所示，该装置200包括：Fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a data transmission device 200 used in a MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 6, the device 200 includes:
编码及加扰模块210，用于对多个数据流中的每个数据流分别进行编码及加扰处理；An encoding and scrambling module 210, configured to perform encoding and scrambling processing on each of the multiple data streams;
映射处理模块220，用于对该经编码及加扰处理后的该每个数据流进行比特到符号的映射处理；A mapping processing module 220, configured to perform bit-to-symbol mapping processing on each of the encoded and scrambled data streams;
预处理模块230，用于将经该映射处理后的该每个数据流进行预处理以得到多个天线中每个天线对应的数据流，其中，该预处理包括以下处理中的至少一种：空域匹配滤波处理以及符号间干扰消除处理；The preprocessing module 230 is configured to preprocess each data stream processed by the mapping to obtain a data stream corresponding to each antenna in the plurality of antennas, wherein the preprocessing includes at least one of the following processes: Spatial matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing;
调制处理模块240，用于将该每个天线对应的数据流进行单载波调制处理；A modulation processing module 240, configured to perform single carrier modulation processing on the data stream corresponding to each antenna;
输出模块250，用于将经该单载波调制处理后的该每个天线对应的数据流输出至射频单元，以便于该射频单元将该每个天线对应的数据流通过相应的天线将发送至接收端。The output module 250 is configured to output the data stream corresponding to each antenna after the single carrier modulation processing to the radio frequency unit, so that the radio frequency unit sends the data stream corresponding to each antenna to the receiver through the corresponding antenna end.
具体地说，在确定多个数据流之后，编码及加扰模块210对该多个数据流中的每个数据流进行编码(例如，进行Turbo编码)以及加扰处理；然后映射处理模块220将该编码及加扰处理后的每个数据流通过星座图进行比特到符号的映射处理；预处理模块230将映射处理后的每个数据流进行包括空域匹配滤波处理以及符号间干扰消除处理中的至少一种的预处理以得到每个天线对应的数据流，调制处理模块240将每个天线对应的数据流进行单载波调制处理；输出模块250将经单载波调制处理后的每个天线对应的数据流输出至射频单元，以便于该射频单元将该每个数据流通过多个天线将发送至接收端。Specifically, after the multiple data streams are determined, the encoding and scrambling module 210 encodes (for example, performs Turbo encoding) and scrambles each data stream in the multiple data streams; then the mapping processing module 220 converts Each data stream after the encoding and scrambling process performs bit-to-symbol mapping processing through the constellation diagram; the preprocessing module 230 performs each data stream after the mapping process including spatial domain matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing. At least one kind of preprocessing to obtain the data stream corresponding to each antenna, the modulation processing module 240 performs single carrier modulation processing on the data stream corresponding to each antenna; the output module 250 performs single carrier modulation processing on the data stream corresponding to each antenna The data stream is output to the radio frequency unit, so that the radio frequency unit sends each data stream to the receiving end through multiple antennas.
因此，在本发明实施例中，通过将映射处理后的数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理以得到每个天线对应的数据流，并将每个天线对应的数据流进行单载波调制处理，从而在MIMO场景下，发送端可以无需执行加CP处理以及FFT处理，从而可以降低信号处理的复杂度并且可以降低PAPR；并且由于对经映射处理后的数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理，因此可以提高接收端的信噪比；并且由于发送端不需要进行OFDM解调，减CP等操作，因此接收端只需进行同步、解调、解扰和解码操作，从而降低接收端数据处理的复杂度。Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the data stream corresponding to each antenna is obtained by performing spatial matched filtering processing and/or inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the mapped data stream, and performing the data stream corresponding to each antenna Single-carrier modulation processing, so that in MIMO scenarios, the sending end does not need to perform CP processing and FFT processing, thereby reducing the complexity of signal processing and reducing PAPR; and due to the spatial matching filtering of the mapped data stream Processing and/or inter-symbol interference cancellation processing, so the signal-to-noise ratio of the receiving end can be improved; and since the transmitting end does not need to perform OFDM demodulation, CP reduction and other operations, the receiving end only needs to perform synchronization, demodulation, descrambling and decoding Operation, thereby reducing the complexity of data processing at the receiving end.
在本发明实施例中，上述进行编码和加扰处理多个数据流可以对应于一个接收端，也可以对应于多个接收端。In the embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned encoding and scrambling processing of multiple data streams may correspond to one receiving end, or may correspond to multiple receiving ends.
在本发明实施例中，将经映射处理后的每个数据流进行预处理可以指：可以对映射处理后的任一个数据流分别进行符号间干扰消除处理和空域匹配滤波处理，例如，通过两种不同系统或部件或步骤分别进行空域匹配滤波处理以及符号间干扰消除处理；或者，可以对映射处理后的任一个数据流同时进行符号间干扰消除处理和空域匹配滤波处理，例如，通过同一个系统或部件或步骤同时进行空域匹配滤波处理以及符号间干扰消除处理。当然，在本发明实施例中，也可以对映射处理后的任一个数据流只进行符号间干扰消除处理或只进行空域匹配滤波处理。为了便于理解，以下将进行详细说明。In this embodiment of the present invention, performing preprocessing on each data stream after mapping processing may refer to performing inter-symbol interference elimination processing and spatial matched filtering processing on any data stream after mapping processing, for example, through two Different systems or components or steps perform spatial matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing respectively; or, any data stream after mapping processing can perform inter-symbol interference elimination processing and spatial domain matched filtering processing at the same time, for example, through the same The system or components or steps simultaneously perform spatial-domain matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing. Of course, in this embodiment of the present invention, only inter-symbol interference cancellation processing or only spatial domain matched filtering processing may be performed on any data stream after mapping processing. For ease of understanding, detailed description will be given below.
可选地，在本发明实施例中，该预处理模块230具体用于：Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the preprocessing module 230 is specifically used to:
通过第一预处理矩阵对所述多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理，其中，所述第一预处理矩阵为空域信道矩阵的共轭转置。Perform spatial matched filter processing on the plurality of data streams by using a first preprocessing matrix, where the first preprocessing matrix is a conjugate transpose of a spatial channel matrix.
具体地，通过预处理矩阵P对该多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理，其中，该预处理矩阵P＝HH，H为维度为Nr×Nt的空域信道矩阵，r为接收端维度(具体可以对应于接收端天线数量)，t为发送端维度(具体可以对应于发送端天线数量)。Specifically, perform spatial matched filter processing on the multiple data streams through the preprocessing matrix P, where the preprocessing matrix P=HH , H is the spatial domain channel matrix with a dimension of Nr ×Nt , and r is the dimension of the receiving end (specifically, it may correspond to the number of antennas at the receiving end), and t is a dimension of the transmitting end (specifically, it may correspond to the number of antennas at the transmitting end).
具体地说，根据MIMO系统下各个天线空域的近似正交特性，可以对多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理，以消除各个数据流的小尺度衰落及数据流间的干扰。Specifically, according to the approximately orthogonal characteristics of each antenna space in the MIMO system, spatial matched filtering can be performed on multiple data streams to eliminate the small-scale fading of each data stream and the interference between data streams.
将多个数据流进行预处理之后，并通过射频单元发射，经由下行信道到达接收端的信号模型可以如下所示：After preprocessing multiple data streams and transmitting them through the radio frequency unit, the signal model that reaches the receiving end via the downlink channel can be as follows:
y＝HPs+ny=HPs+n
其中，y为维度为Nr×1的矩阵，表征接收端的接收信号(其中，该接收信号可以对应于一个接收端，也可以对应于多个接收端)；s为维度Ns×1的矩阵，表征发送端未进行预处理的数据流，共有Ns个数据流；P为维度为Nt×Ns预处理矩阵；H为维度为Nr×Nt信道矩阵；n为维度为Nr×1的矩阵，表征接收端噪声；r为接收端维度，t为发送端维度。Among them, y is a matrix with a dimension of Nr ×1, which represents the received signal of the receiving end (wherein, the received signal may correspond to one receiving end, or may correspond to multiple receiving ends); s is a matrix with a dimension of Ns ×1 , representing the data stream that has not been preprocessed at the sending end, and there are Ns data streams in total; P is the preprocessing matrix with dimension Nt ×Ns ; H is the channel matrix with dimension Nr ×Nt ; n is the dimension Nr The matrix of ×1 represents the receiver noise; r is the dimension of the receiver, and t is the dimension of the transmitter.
根据匹配滤波原理，预处理矩阵可设计为P＝HH,其中HH为共轭转置操作。According to the principle of matched filtering, the preprocessing matrix can be designed as P=HH , where HH is the conjugate transpose operation.
在MIMO系统下，各天线空域的近似正交特性，当天线数显著增加时，HP＝HHH趋近于一个对角阵。此即意味着采用预处理矩阵P＝HH对各个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理，消除各个数据流的小尺度衰落及数据流间的干扰，接收端对接收信号做同步解调等操作即可获得较高的信噪比。Under the MIMO system, the approximate orthogonal characteristics of each antenna space, when the number of antennas increases significantly, HP=HHH tends to a diagonal array. This means that the preprocessing matrix P=HH is used to perform spatial matching filter processing on each data stream to eliminate the small-scale fading of each data stream and the interference between data streams, and the receiving end performs synchronous demodulation of the received signal and other operations. obtain a higher signal-to-noise ratio.
应理解，在本发明实施例中，空域信道矩阵也可以是除维度为Nr×Nt的空域信道矩阵之外的具有其他维度的矩阵。It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the spatial domain channel matrix may also be a matrix with other dimensions besides the spatial domain channel matrix whose dimension is Nr ×Nt .
可选地，在本发明实施例中，该预处理模块230具体用于：Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the preprocessing module 230 is specifically used to:
通过系统函数P(z)对该每个数据流进行符号间干扰消除处理，其中，Inter-symbol interference cancellation processing is performed on each data stream through the system function P(z), wherein,
其中，该每个数据流被选用的径数为K，K＝2L+1，f(l)表示径l的信道系数，z为Z变换操作符。Wherein, the number of paths selected for each data stream is K, K=2L+1, f(l) represents the channel coefficient of path l, and z is a Z transformation operator.
为了便于理解，以下将简单介绍上述系统函数P(z)的获取方法。For ease of understanding, the method for obtaining the above-mentioned system function P(z) will be briefly introduced below.
假设经过符号间干扰消除处理后发送的数据流经过信道传输后，所得到的接收信号可以表示为：Assuming that the data stream sent after the inter-symbol interference cancellation process is transmitted through the channel, the received signal obtained can be expressed as:
其中，表征时刻k对应的接收端的接收信号；s[k]表征时刻k对应的发送端的发送信号；f[l]表征径l的信道系数；s[k-l]表征时刻k-l对应的发送端的发送信号；为符号间干扰；z(k)为接收端噪声；数据流对应的总径数为2L+1。Among them, the received signal of the receiving end corresponding to time k is represented; s[k] represents the sending signal of the sending end corresponding to time k; f[l] represents the channel coefficient of path l; s[k-l] represents the sending signal of the sending end corresponding to time k-l ; is the intersymbol interference; z(k) is the noise at the receiving end; the total number of paths corresponding to the data stream is 2L+1.
假设经过符号间干扰消除处理前数据流的时刻k的符号为a[k]，经符号间干扰消除处理后的输出信号为s[k]，那么为了保证符号间干扰在接收端被完全消除，符号间干扰消除处理应该满足如下要求：Assuming that the symbol at time k of the data stream before the ISI elimination processing is a[k], and the output signal after the ISI elimination processing is s[k], then in order to ensure that the ISI is completely eliminated at the receiving end, Inter-symbol interference cancellation processing should meet the following requirements:
相应地，其Z变换表达式为Correspondingly, its Z-transform expression is
这样，符号间干扰消除处理的系统函数，记为P[z]，可以表示为In this way, the system function of inter-symbol interference cancellation processing, denoted as P[z], can be expressed as
其中，数据流对应的总径数为2L+1，f(l)表示径l的信道系数，z为Z变换操作符。Among them, the total number of paths corresponding to the data stream is 2L+1, f(l) represents the channel coefficient of path l, and z isZ-transform operator.
从以上系统函数可以看出，该系统函数可以由反馈环节实现，相应的系统结构可以如图3所示。It can be seen from the above system functions that the system functions can be realized by the feedback link, and the corresponding system structure can be shown in Figure 3.
从图3中可以看出，该系统将已经输出的信号反馈回来形成新的输出信号，所以这种实现方式可以理解为是一种递归方式，可以称为递归干扰预消除系统。It can be seen from Figure 3 that the system feeds back the output signal to form a new output signal, so this implementation can be understood as a recursive method, which can be called a recursive interference pre-cancellation system.
如图3所示，该系统包括正向延时支路和负向延时支路。在负向延时支路，将当前时刻对应的延时之前的各个延时径上的信道系数与该延时对应的输入信号相乘；在正向延时支路，将当前时刻对应的延时之后的各个延时径上的信道系数与该延时对应的输入信号相乘。将得到的所有结果与当前时刻输入信号相加，得到的输出信号即为经过符号间干扰消除处理的信号。该经过符号间干扰消除的信号可以进行空域匹配滤波处理，并进行单载波调制处理(未示出)之后，发送至射频单元，再经由天线发送至接收端。As shown in Figure 3, the system includes a positive delay branch and a negative delay branch. In the negative delay branch, the channel coefficients on each delay path before the delay corresponding to the current moment are multiplied by the input signal corresponding to the delay; in the forward delay branch, the delay corresponding to the current moment is multiplied by The channel coefficients on each delay path after 1 hour are multiplied by the input signal corresponding to the delay. All the obtained results are added to the input signal at the current moment, and the obtained output signal is the signal processed by inter-symbol interference cancellation. The signal that has undergone ISI elimination can be processed by spatial matched filtering and single-carrier modulation (not shown), and then sent to the radio frequency unit, and then sent to the receiving end via the antenna.
因此，在本发明实施例中，在大规模天线间具有相关性，每个数据流的各条径的正交关系不再存在时，则会导致符号间的干扰，通过系统函数可以消除数据流的符号间干扰，从而可以进一步提高接收端的信干噪比。Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, there is correlation between large-scale antennas, and when the orthogonal relationship of each path of each data stream no longer exists, it will cause interference between symbols, and the data stream can be eliminated through the system function The inter-symbol interference can further improve the signal-to-interference-noise ratio at the receiving end.
可选地，在本发明实施例中，该预处理模块230具体用于：Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the preprocessing module 230 is specifically used to:
通过第二预处理矩阵对所述多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和符号间干扰消除处理，其中，所述第二预处理矩阵为空时域信道矩阵的共轭转置。Perform spatial matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the multiple data streams through a second preprocessing matrix, where the second preprocessing matrix is a conjugate transpose of a space-time domain channel matrix.
具体地，通过预处理矩阵P对该多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和符号间干扰消除处理；其中，P＝HH，H为维度为Nr(N+τK)×ΝNt的信道矩阵，r为该接收端维度(具体可以对应于接收端天线数量)，t为发送端维度(具体可以对应于发送端天线数量)，N为数据流中的每个符号块的长度，τK为该每个数据流的K条径中最长径的最大时延扩展，其中，K为该每个数据流被选用的径数。Specifically, the multiple data streams are subjected to spatial matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing through the preprocessing matrix P; wherein, P=HH , and H is a channel whose dimension is Nr (N+τK )×NNt matrix, r is the receiving end dimension (specifically, it may correspond to the number of receiving end antennas), t is the transmitting end dimension (specifically, it may correspond to the number of transmitting end antennas), N is the length of each symbol block in the data stream, τK is the maximum delay extension of the longest path among the K paths of each data flow, where K is the number of paths selected for each data flow.
可选地，如图7所示，该装置还包括：Optionally, as shown in Figure 7, the device also includes:
确定单元260，从该每个数据流对应的径中确定该K条径，以便于根据该K条径的信道系数进行符号间干扰消除处理。The determining unit 260 determines the K paths from the paths corresponding to each data stream, so as to perform inter-symbol interference elimination processing according to the channel coefficients of the K paths.
可选地，该确定单元260具体用于：Optionally, the determining unit 260 is specifically configured to:
按照以下原则从该每个数据流对应的所有M条径中选择该K条径：Select the K paths from all the M paths corresponding to each data stream according to the following principles:
s.t.card{a}＝K<Ms.t.card{a}=K<M
其中，s.t.card{a}＝K<M表征K的个数小于M。Wherein, s.t.card{a}=K<M means that the number of K is less than M.
该公式意味着从M条径中信道系数最强的K条径用于符号间干扰消除。这样可以保证在相同复杂度的前提下达到最好的性能。This formula means that the K paths with the strongest channel coefficients among the M paths are used for intersymbol interference elimination. This ensures the best performance with the same complexity.
因此，在本发明实施例中，通过调整上述符号间干扰消除中所采用的径数，其中，K小于M，可以实现性能和复杂度的折中。Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a compromise between performance and complexity can be achieved by adjusting the number of paths used in the foregoing inter-symbol interference cancellation, wherein K is smaller than M.
可选地，在本发明实施例中，该装置200为基带处理单元。Optionally, in this embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus 200 is a baseband processing unit.
应理解，在本发明实施例中，该装置200可以实现方法100中的相应步骤，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus 200 may implement corresponding steps in the method 100, and for the sake of brevity, details are not repeated here.
因此，在本发明实施例中，通过将映射处理后的数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理，并将经空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理的数据流进行单载波调制处理，在MIMO场景下，发送端可以无需执行加CP处理以及FFT处理，从而可以降低信号处理的复杂度并且可以降低PAPR；并且由于对经映射处理后的数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理，因此可以提高接收端的信噪比；并且由于发送端不需要进行OFDM解调，减CP等操作，因此接收端只需进行同步、解调、解扰和解码操作，从而降低接收端数据处理的复杂度。Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, by performing spatial matched filtering processing and/or inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the data stream after mapping processing, and performing spatial matching filtering processing and/or inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the data stream Single-carrier modulation processing, in the MIMO scenario, the sending end does not need to perform CP processing and FFT processing, which can reduce the complexity of signal processing and reduce PAPR; and because the spatial domain matching filter processing is performed on the mapped data stream And/or inter-symbol interference cancellation processing, so the signal-to-noise ratio of the receiving end can be improved; and since the sending end does not need to perform OFDM demodulation, CP reduction and other operations, the receiving end only needs to perform synchronization, demodulation, descrambling and decoding operations , thereby reducing the complexity of data processing at the receiving end.
图8是根据本发明实施例的用于多入多出MIMO系统中的数据传输装置300的示意性框图。如图8所示，该装置300包括处理器310和存储器320；其中，该存储器320中存储程序代码，该处理器310调用该存储器320中的程序代码执行以下操作：Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a data transmission device 300 used in a MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the device 300 includes a processor 310 and a memory 320; wherein, the memory 320 stores program codes, and the processor 310 invokes the program codes in the memory 320 to perform the following operations:
对多个数据流中的每个数据流分别进行编码及加扰处理；Encoding and scrambling each of the plurality of data streams respectively;
对该经编码及加扰处理后的该每个数据流进行比特到符号的映射处理；performing bit-to-symbol mapping processing on each of the encoded and scrambled data streams;
将经该映射处理后的该每个数据流进行预处理以得到多个天线中每个天线对应的数据流，其中，该预处理包括以下处理中的至少一种：空域匹配滤波处理以及符号间干扰消除处理；Perform preprocessing on each data stream after the mapping process to obtain a data stream corresponding to each antenna in the plurality of antennas, wherein the preprocessing includes at least one of the following processes: spatial matched filtering processing and inter-symbol Interference cancellation processing;
将该每个天线对应的数据流进行单载波调制处理；performing single-carrier modulation processing on the data stream corresponding to each antenna;
将经该单载波调制处理后的该每个天线对应的数据流输出至射频单元，以便于该射频单元将该每个天线对应的数据流通过相应的天线将发送至接收端。The data stream corresponding to each antenna after the single carrier modulation is output to the radio frequency unit, so that the radio frequency unit sends the data stream corresponding to each antenna to the receiving end through the corresponding antenna.
可选地，该处理器310调用该存储器320中的程序代码具体执行以下操作：Optionally, the processor 310 calls the program code in the memory 320 to specifically perform the following operations:
通过第一预处理矩阵对所述多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理，其中，所述第一预处理矩阵为空域信道矩阵的共轭转置。Perform spatial matched filter processing on the plurality of data streams by using a first preprocessing matrix, where the first preprocessing matrix is a conjugate transpose of a spatial channel matrix.
具体地，通过预处理矩阵P对该多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理，其中，该预处理矩阵P＝HH，H为维度为Nr×Nt的信道矩阵，r为接收端维度，t为发送端维度。Specifically, the multiple data streams are spatially matched and filtered through the preprocessing matrix P, where the preprocessing matrix P=HH , H is a channel matrix with a dimension of Nr ×Nt ,r is the dimension of the receiving end,t is the dimension of the sender.
可选地，该处理器310调用该存储器320中的程序代码具体执行以下操作：Optionally, the processor 310 calls the program code in the memory 320 to specifically perform the following operations:
通过系统函数P(z)对该每个数据流进行符号间干扰消除处理，其中，Inter-symbol interference cancellation processing is performed on each data stream through the system function P(z), wherein,
其中，该每个数据流被选用的径数为K，K＝2L+1，f(l)表示径l的信道系数，z为Z变换操作符。Wherein, the number of paths selected for each data stream is K, K=2L+1, f(l) represents the channel coefficient of path l, and z is a Z transformation operator.
可选地，该处理器310调用该存储器320中的程序代码具体执行以下操作：Optionally, the processor 310 calls the program code in the memory 320 to specifically perform the following operations:
通过递归方式实现该系统函数P(z)。The system function P(z) is implemented recursively.
可选地，该处理器310调用该存储器320中的程序代码具体执行以下操作：Optionally, the processor 310 calls the program code in the memory 320 to specifically perform the following operations:
通过第二预处理矩阵对所述多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和符号间干扰消除处理，其中，所述第二预处理矩阵为空时域信道矩阵的共轭转置。Perform spatial matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the multiple data streams through a second preprocessing matrix, where the second preprocessing matrix is a conjugate transpose of a space-time domain channel matrix.
具体地，通过预处理矩阵P对该多个数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和符号间干扰消除处理；其中，P＝HH，H为维度为Nr(N+τK)×ΝNt的信道矩阵，r为该接收端维度，t为发送端维度，N为数据流中的每个符号块的长度，τK为该每个数据流的K条径中最长径的最大时延扩展，其中，K为该每个数据流被选用的径数。Specifically, the multiple data streams are subjected to spatial matched filtering processing and inter-symbol interference elimination processing through the preprocessing matrix P; wherein, P=HH , and H is a channel whose dimension is Nr (N+τK )×NNt matrix, r is the dimension of the receiving end, t is the dimension of the sending end, N is the length of each symbol block in the data stream, τK is the maximum delay spread of the longest path among the K paths of each data stream, Wherein, K is the number of paths selected for each data flow.
可选地，该处理器310调用该存储器320中的程序代码还执行以下操作：Optionally, the processor 310 invokes the program code in the memory 320 to perform the following operations:
从该每个数据流对应的径中确定该K条径，以便于根据该K条径的信道系数进行符号间干扰消除处理。The K paths are determined from the paths corresponding to each data stream, so as to perform inter-symbol interference elimination processing according to the channel coefficients of the K paths.
可选地，该处理器310调用该存储器320中的程序代码具体执行以下操作：Optionally, the processor 310 calls the program code in the memory 320 to specifically perform the following operations:
按照以下原则选择该K条径：Select the K diameter according to the following principles:
s.t.card{a}＝K<Ms.t.card{a}=K<M
其中，s.t.card{a}＝K<M表征K的个数小于M。Wherein, s.t.card{a}=K<M means that the number of K is less than M.
可选地，该装置为基带处理单元。Optionally, the device is a baseband processing unit.
应理解，在本发明实施例中，该装置300可以实现方法100中的相应步骤，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus 300 may implement corresponding steps in the method 100, and details are not repeated here for brevity.
因此，在本发明实施例中，通过将映射处理后的数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理，并将经空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理的数据流进行单载波调制处理，在MIMO场景下，发送端可以无需执行加CP处理以及FFT处理，从而可以降低信号处理的复杂度并且可以降低PAPR；并且由于对经映射处理后的数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理，因此可以提高接收端的信噪比；并且由于发送端不需要进行OFDM解调，减CP等操作，因此接收端只需进行同步、解调、解扰和解码操作，从而降低接收端数据处理的复杂度。Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, by performing spatial matched filtering processing and/or inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the data stream after mapping processing, and performing spatial matching filtering processing and/or inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the data stream Single-carrier modulation processing, in the MIMO scenario, the sending end does not need to perform CP processing and FFT processing, which can reduce the complexity of signal processing and reduce PAPR; and because the spatial domain matching filter processing is performed on the mapped data stream And/or inter-symbol interference cancellation processing, so the signal-to-noise ratio of the receiving end can be improved; and since the sending end does not need to perform OFDM demodulation, CP reduction and other operations, the receiving end only needs to perform synchronization, demodulation, descrambling and decoding operations , thereby reducing the complexity of data processing at the receiving end.
图9是根据本发明实施例的网络设备400的示意性框图。如图9所示，该网络设备400包括装置200或装置300以及包括射频单元。Fig. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a network device 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9 , the network device 400 includes the apparatus 200 or the apparatus 300 and includes a radio frequency unit.
可选地，该网络设备400可以为基站。Optionally, the network device 400 may be a base station.
因此，在本发明实施例中，网络设备通过将映射处理后的数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理，并将经空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理的数据流进行单载波调制处理，在发送端可以无需执行加CP处理以及FFT处理，从而可以降低信号处理的复杂度并且可以降低PAPR；并且由于对经映射处理后的数据流进行空域匹配滤波处理和/或符号间干扰消除处理，因此可以提高接收端的信噪比；并且由于发送端不需要进行OFDM解调，减CP等操作，因此接收端只需进行同步、解调、解扰和解码操作，从而降低接收端数据处理的复杂度。Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the network device performs spatial matched filtering processing and/or inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the mapped data stream, and performs spatial matching filtering processing and/or inter-symbol interference elimination processing on the data stream The stream is subjected to single-carrier modulation processing, and the sending end does not need to perform CP processing and FFT processing, thereby reducing the complexity of signal processing and reducing PAPR; and because the mapped data stream is processed by spatial matching filtering and/or Or inter-symbol interference cancellation processing, so the signal-to-noise ratio of the receiving end can be improved; and since the transmitting end does not need to perform OFDM demodulation, CP reduction and other operations, the receiving end only needs to perform synchronization, demodulation, descrambling and decoding operations, thereby Reduce the complexity of data processing at the receiving end.
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。Those skilled in the art can appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed by hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be regarded as exceeding the scope of the present invention.
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the above descriptionFor the specific working process of the above-mentioned system, device, and unit, reference may be made to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and details are not repeated here.
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods may be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or May be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented. In another point, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。If the functions described above are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the essence of the technical solution of the present invention or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disc, etc., which can store program codes. .
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Anyone skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
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| CN201580072306.0AActiveCN107113105B (en) | 2015-02-27 | 2015-02-27 | Data transmission method, apparatus and network device for multiple-input multiple-output system |
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