技术领域technical field
本发明涉及数据库技术领域，特别是涉及一种包含智能合约的区块链网式数据库及工作方法。The invention relates to the technical field of databases, in particular to a block chain network database including smart contracts and a working method.
背景技术Background technique
自中本聪2008年发明比特币（Bitcoin），一种点对点的电子现金系统，区块链（BlockChain）技术逐渐走进人们的视野。除了比特币系统外，还有以太坊（Ethereum）、公证链（Factom）是最广为人知的三大使用区块链技术的系统。然而，这三个系统各有利弊：比特币和以太坊都是单链系统；公证链虽然已有多链的雏形，但只有包含关系——二级数据（副链）被包含在一级数据（主链）中；三者中只有以太坊使用智能合约，能自动执行复杂的逻辑。单链系统的弊处在于所有数据存储在一个账本中，当数据越来越多时，网络中一些存储空间小的节点就被迫退出，不利于去中心化系统的稳定性。链条若没有智能合约，则只能执行简单且固定的逻辑，系统应用层面的扩展性非常弱；像比特币和公证链只能记录特定的项目，不能执行更为复杂的逻辑。此外，区块链的数据结构虽具有不可篡改的性质，但不能保证数据的真实性；例如公证链，记录的事项在发生之后，所以当写入的数据是错误的时候，不可篡改的性质反倒是个劣势。只有像比特币这样的系统，是“记录即发生，不记录不发生”的情况下，区块链的数据才能保证绝对的真实性。最后，三个系统都非通用系统，都是为了特定目的而搭建的区块链具体应用系统；所以二次开发需要做大幅度修改。Since Satoshi Nakamoto invented Bitcoin (Bitcoin), a peer-to-peer electronic cash system in 2008, Blockchain (BlockChain) technology has gradually entered people's field of vision. In addition to the Bitcoin system, Ethereum and Factom are the three most widely known systems that use blockchain technology. However, these three systems have their own advantages and disadvantages: both Bitcoin and Ethereum are single-chain systems; although the notary chain has a multi-chain prototype, it only has an inclusion relationship—the secondary data (sub-chain) is included in the primary data (main chain); among the three, only Ethereum uses smart contracts, which can automatically execute complex logic. The disadvantage of the single-chain system is that all data is stored in one ledger. When there are more and more data, some nodes with small storage space in the network will be forced to withdraw, which is not conducive to the stability of the decentralized system. If the chain does not have a smart contract, it can only execute simple and fixed logic, and the scalability of the system application level is very weak; like Bitcoin and the notary chain can only record specific items, and cannot execute more complex logic. In addition, although the data structure of the blockchain has the property of being tamper-proof, it cannot guarantee the authenticity of the data; is a disadvantage. Only when a system such as Bitcoin is "recorded, it happens, and if it is not recorded, it does not happen", the data of the blockchain can guarantee absolute authenticity. Finally, the three systems are not general-purpose systems, but are specific blockchain application systems built for specific purposes; therefore, secondary development needs to be greatly modified.
有鉴于此，特提出本发明，以改正上述现有技术的不足之处。In view of this, the present invention is specially proposed to correct the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述现有技术，本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种包含智能合约的区块链网式数据库，该包含智能合约的区块链网式数据库提供了区块链系统的通用核心库，能加快区块链应用的开发速度; 能实现多链交互，不仅可以避免单链模式账本过大导致部分节点无法参与网络的情况，还可以通过链条间的业务逻辑依赖关系保证数据真实性。本发明还提供了一种包含智能合约的区块链网式数据库的工作方法。In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a block chain network database containing smart contracts, which provides a general core library of block chain systems, It can speed up the development of blockchain applications; it can realize multi-chain interaction, which can not only avoid the situation that some nodes cannot participate in the network due to the large ledger of single-chain mode, but also ensure the authenticity of data through the business logic dependencies between chains. The invention also provides a working method of the block chain network database including the smart contract.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种包含智能合约的区块链网式数据库，其包括智能合约模块、数据打包模块、区块头计算模块、库内通信模块，所述智能合约模块与数据打包模块连接，所述数据打包模块分别与区块头计算模块、库内通信模块连接，所述智能合约模块还与外部非链式应用模块连接；In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a block chain network database containing smart contracts, which includes a smart contract module, a data packaging module, a block header calculation module, and a communication module in the library. The packaging module is connected, and the data packaging module is respectively connected with the block header calculation module and the communication module in the library, and the smart contract module is also connected with the external non-chain application module;
所述智能合约模块是用户自定义模块，用户可对数据进行自定义的约束，该模块将按用户的自定义的约束验证及处理数据；The smart contract module is a user-defined module, and the user can perform custom constraints on the data, and the module will verify and process data according to the user-defined constraints;
所述数据打包模块按照树链的方式组织数据；The data packaging module organizes data in a tree chain manner;
所述库内通讯模块将采用PBFT的算法来保证同链条主节点及备份节点的一致性。The communication module in the library will use the PBFT algorithm to ensure the consistency of the master node and the backup node of the same chain.
本发明的进一步改进为，所述区块头计算模块包括树根计算模块和挖矿模块，所述树根计算模块分别与区块头计算模块、库内通信模块连接，所述挖矿模块分别与区块头计算模块、库内通信模块连接；A further improvement of the present invention is that the block header calculation module includes a tree root calculation module and a mining module, the tree root calculation module is respectively connected with the block header calculation module and the communication module in the library, and the mining module is respectively connected with the area Connection between the block header calculation module and the communication module in the library;
所述树根计算模块将计算树根的哈希值并保存在区块头中；The root calculation module will calculate the hash value of the root and save it in the block header;
所述挖矿模块采用Hashcash算法，通过遍历区块头中的随机数域来计算出符合一定工作量的区块头哈希值，该区块头的哈希值将存储在下一个区块头中。The mining module uses the Hashcash algorithm to calculate a block header hash value that meets a certain workload by traversing the random number field in the block header, and the hash value of the block header will be stored in the next block header.
本发明还提供了一种包含智能合约的区块链网式数据库的工作方法，其包括以下步骤：The present invention also provides a working method of a block chain network database comprising smart contracts, which comprises the following steps:
步骤一：非链式应用模块发送数据到包含智能合约的区块链网式数据库；Step 1: The non-chain application module sends data to the blockchain network database containing smart contracts;
步骤二：接收到数据的节点检查链ID是否匹配，若不匹配，则发送到对应链ID的节点，否则进入步骤三；Step 2: The node receiving the data checks whether the chain ID matches, if not, it sends it to the node corresponding to the chain ID, otherwise enters step 3;
步骤三：进入智能合约模块，验证数据是否符合约束，若不符合约束，则向非链式应用模块返回报错信息，否则进入步骤四；Step 3: Enter the smart contract module, verify whether the data conforms to the constraints, if not, return an error message to the non-chain application module, otherwise go to step 4;
步骤四：节点将收集到的数据打包，并计算出树根的哈希值；Step 4: The node packs the collected data and calculates the hash value of the tree root;
步骤五：变更随机数构成区块头形成备选区块；Step 5: Change the random number to form a block header to form a candidate block;
步骤六：验证备选区块头的哈希值是否符合约束，若不符合约束，则返回步骤五；否则新区块形成，并更新到其他节点。Step 6: Verify whether the hash value of the candidate block header meets the constraints. If not, return to step 5; otherwise, a new block is formed and updated to other nodes.
与现有技术相比，本发明包括智能合约模块、数据打包模块、区块头计算模块、库内通信模块，所述智能合约模块与数据打包模块连接，所述数据打包模块分别与区块头计算模块、库内通信模块连接，所述智能合约模块还与外部非链式应用模块连接。本发明还提供了一种包含智能合约的区块链网式数据库的工作方法。本发明提供了区块链系统的通用核心库，能加快区块链应用的开发速度; 能实现多链交互，不仅可以避免单链模式账本过大导致部分节点无法参与网络的情况，还可以通过链条间的业务逻辑依赖关系保证数据真实性。Compared with the prior art, the present invention includes a smart contract module, a data packaging module, a block header calculation module, and a communication module in a library, the smart contract module is connected with the data packaging module, and the data packaging module is connected with the block header calculation module respectively 1. The communication module in the library is connected, and the smart contract module is also connected with the external non-chain application module. The invention also provides a working method of the block chain network database including the smart contract. The present invention provides a common core library of the blockchain system, which can speed up the development of blockchain applications; it can realize multi-chain interaction, which can not only avoid the situation that some nodes cannot participate in the network due to the large account book of single-chain mode, but also can pass The business logic dependencies between chains ensure data authenticity.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的区块链网式数据库结构框图;Fig. 1 is a block diagram of block chain network database structure of the present invention;
图2是发明的工作流程图;Fig. 2 is the working flowchart of invention;
图3是发明的新生儿默克尔树图。Fig. 3 is a newborn Merkel tree diagram of the invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图说明及具体实施方式对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1所示，一种包含智能合约的区块链网式数据库，其包括智能合约模块、数据打包模块、区块头计算模块、库内通信模块，所述智能合约模块与数据打包模块连接，所述数据打包模块分别与区块头计算模块、库内通信模块连接，所述智能合约模块还与外部非链式应用模块连接；As shown in Figure 1, a block chain network database comprising smart contracts includes smart contract modules, data packaging modules, block header calculation modules, and communication modules in the library, the smart contract modules are connected to the data packaging modules, The data packaging module is respectively connected with the block header calculation module and the communication module in the library, and the smart contract module is also connected with the external non-chain application module;
所述智能合约模块是用户自定义模块，用户可对数据进行自定义的约束，该模块将按用户的自定义的约束验证及处理数据；The smart contract module is a user-defined module, and the user can perform custom constraints on the data, and the module will verify and process data according to the user-defined constraints;
所述数据打包模块按照树链（一般是Merkle Tree或Merkle Patricia Tree）的方式组织数据；The data packaging module organizes data in the form of a tree chain (usually Merkle Tree or Merkle Patricia Tree);
所述库内通讯模块将采用PBFT（Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance）的算法来保证同链条主节点及备份节点的一致性。The communication module in the library will use the PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance) algorithm to ensure the consistency of the master node and the backup node of the same chain.
具体地，如图1所示，所述区块头计算模块包括树根计算模块和挖矿模块，所述树根计算模块分别与区块头计算模块、库内通信模块连接，所述挖矿模块分别与区块头计算模块、库内通信模块连接；Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, the block header calculation module includes a tree root calculation module and a mining module, and the tree root calculation module is connected to the block header calculation module and the communication module in the library respectively, and the mining module is respectively Connect with the block header calculation module and the communication module in the library;
所述树根计算模块将计算树根的哈希值（如果是Merkle Tree则可省去该模块）并保存在区块头中；该模块是为了保证区块内的数据不被篡改。The tree root calculation module will calculate the hash value of the tree root (if it is a Merkle Tree, this module can be omitted) and save it in the block header; this module is to ensure that the data in the block is not tampered with.
所述挖矿模块采用Hashcash算法，通过遍历区块头中的随机数域来计算出符合一定工作量的区块头哈希值，该区块头的哈希值将存储在下一个区块头中。挖矿模块是构成链条的核心，一方面通过将上一个区块头的哈希值存入下一个区块头中的方法来保证区块数据不被篡改，一方面通过挖矿方式来证明工作量的方法来增加伪造链条的成本。The mining module uses the Hashcash algorithm to calculate a block header hash value that meets a certain workload by traversing the random number field in the block header, and the hash value of the block header will be stored in the next block header. The mining module is the core of the chain. On the one hand, the hash value of the previous block header is stored in the next block header to ensure that the block data is not tampered with. On the other hand, the mining method is used to prove the workload. method to increase the cost of counterfeiting the chain.
如图2所示，本发明还提供了一种包含智能合约的区块链网式数据库的工作方法，其包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 2, the present invention also provides a kind of working method that comprises the block chain network database of smart contract, and it comprises the following steps:
步骤一：非链式应用模块发送数据到包含智能合约的区块链网式数据库；Step 1: The non-chain application module sends data to the blockchain network database containing smart contracts;
步骤二：接收到数据的节点检查链ID是否匹配，若不匹配，则发送到对应链ID的节点，否则进入步骤三；Step 2: The node receiving the data checks whether the chain ID matches, if not, it sends it to the node corresponding to the chain ID, otherwise enters step 3;
步骤三：进入智能合约模块，验证数据是否符合约束，若不符合约束，则向非链式应用模块返回报错信息，否则进入步骤四；Step 3: Enter the smart contract module, verify whether the data conforms to the constraints, if not, return an error message to the non-chain application module, otherwise go to step 4;
步骤四：节点将收集到的数据打包，并计算出树根（一般是默克尔树，Merkle Tree）的哈希值；Step 4: The node packs the collected data and calculates the hash value of the tree root (usually a Merkle tree, Merkle Tree);
步骤五：变更随机数构成区块头形成备选区块；Step 5: Change the random number to form a block header to form a candidate block;
步骤六：验证备选区块头的哈希值是否符合约束，若不符合约束，则返回步骤五；否则新区块形成，并更新到其他节点。Step 6: Verify whether the hash value of the candidate block header meets the constraints. If not, return to step 5; otherwise, a new block is formed and updated to other nodes.
如图3所示,下面以自然人一生周期为案例来详细说明：As shown in Figure 3, the following takes the life cycle of a natural person as a case to explain in detail:
区块 block
区块包括区块头，新生儿信息列表，新增业务信息列表和事项申请列表四个域，如下表：The block includes four domains: block header, newborn information list, new business information list and item application list, as shown in the following table:
账户 account
在自然人链中，每个登记在案的自然人都有一个账户，属于外部持有账户类型（外部持有账户由私钥控制，持有私钥的的用户可以从账户中发送消息；在自然人链中，做身份验证的可以是指纹或者其他能验证身份的电子数据。），这类账户由用户控制。每种业务也有一个账户，属于合约账户类型，也即是常说的智能合约；这类账户由代码控制，消息可以触发其内含代码。账户都存储在MPT树的叶子节点中：自然人账户存储在自然人MPT树的叶节点中，业务账户存储在业务MPT树的叶节点中。In the natural person chain, each registered natural person has an account, which belongs to the type of external holding account (the external holding account is controlled by the private key, and the user holding the private key can send messages from the account; in the natural person chain In , the identity verification can be fingerprints or other electronic data that can verify identity.), this type of account is controlled by the user. Each business also has an account, which belongs to the type of contract account, which is often referred to as a smart contract; this type of account is controlled by code, and messages can trigger its embedded code. Accounts are stored in the leaf nodes of the MPT tree: natural person accounts are stored in the leaf nodes of the natural person MPT tree, and business accounts are stored in the leaf nodes of the business MPT tree.
新生儿基础信息录入：Newborn basic information entry:
步骤一：新生儿基础信息（例如DNA信息，身份证号等）录入系统（非链式应用模块）发送到数据到本发明的包含智能合约的区块链网式数据库；Step 1: The newborn basic information (such as DNA information, ID number, etc.) is entered into the system (non-chain application module) and the data is sent to the blockchain network database containing smart contracts of the present invention;
步骤二：接收到数据的自然人链节点检查链ID是否与自己匹配，若匹配，则进入步骤三，否则发往对应链ID号的节点（譬如接收到数据的是学位链节点，数据的链ID必不匹配，它将把数据发往自然人链节点）；Step 2: The natural human chain node that receives the data checks whether the chain ID matches itself. If it matches, it will enter step 3, otherwise it will be sent to the node with the corresponding chain ID number (for example, the node that received the data is a degree chain node, and the chain ID of the data must not match, it will send the data to the natural human chain node);
步骤三：进入智能合约模块，该例中的智能合约主要验证录入数据是否有效，譬如新生儿信息是否重复录入，身份证号是否唯一等，若验证通过，则可进入步骤四，否则向新生儿基础信息录入系统返回报错信息；Step 3: Enter the smart contract module. The smart contract in this example mainly verifies whether the input data is valid, such as whether the newborn information is repeatedly entered, whether the ID number is unique, etc. If the verification is passed, you can enter step 4, otherwise, the newborn The basic information input system returns an error message;
步骤四：节点将一天（自然人链每天出一个区块）的有效新生儿信息经数据打包模块打包入块，并计算出其默克尔树根；自然人状态MPT树也产生新的叶节点，从树根到叶的前缀为新生儿的身份证号；Step 4: The node packs the valid newborn information of one day (one block per day in the natural person chain) into the block through the data packaging module, and calculates its Merkle tree root; the natural person state MPT tree also generates a new leaf node, from The prefix from the root to the leaf is the ID number of the newborn;
步骤五：变更区块头区域的随机数域形成备选区块；Step 5: Change the random number field in the block header area to form a candidate block;
步骤六：验证区块头的哈希值是否小于门阀值，若小于门阀值，则广播新区块到数据库全网，更新备份节点的链条，否则回到步骤五。Step 6: Verify whether the hash value of the block header is less than the threshold value. If it is less than the threshold value, broadcast the new block to the entire network of the database and update the chain of backup nodes, otherwise return to step 5.
新生儿上户籍：Newborn household registration:
步骤一：父母一方在公民账户（非链式应用模块）发起户籍登记申请，户籍登记申请信息发送到本发明的包含智能合约的区块链网式数据库；Step 1: One of the parents initiates a household registration application in the citizen account (non-chain application module), and the household registration application information is sent to the blockchain network database containing smart contracts of the present invention;
步骤二：接收到数据的自然人链节点检查链ID是否与自己匹配，若匹配，则进入步骤三，否则发往对应链ID号的节点；Step 2: The natural person chain node that receives the data checks whether the chain ID matches itself, if it matches, then enters step 3, otherwise sends it to the node corresponding to the chain ID number;
步骤三：进入智能合约模块，该例中的智能合约除了验证数据外还会对数据进行计算处理；Step 3: Enter the smart contract module, the smart contract in this example will also calculate and process the data in addition to verifying the data;
1. 身份验证申请，验证户籍登记申请发起人的身份信息；例如申请信息中发起人的指纹信息是否与自然人链中的指纹信息匹配；1. Identity verification application, verifying the identity information of the initiator of the household registration application; for example, whether the fingerprint information of the initiator in the application information matches the fingerprint information in the natural person chain;
2. 血缘验证申请，验证新生儿信息与父母DNA的匹配；2. Application for blood relationship verification, verifying the matching of the newborn's information with the parents' DNA;
3. 更新新生儿账户，录入户籍信息；3. Update the newborn account and enter the household registration information;
4. 向公民账户返回回执信息； 4. Return receipt information to the citizen account;
步骤四：节点将一天的事项申请（包括户籍申请，结婚申请，销户申请等）经数据打包模块打包入块，并计算其默克尔树根；更新自然人状态的MPT树根值；Step 4: The node packs the day's application (including household registration application, marriage application, account cancellation application, etc.) into a block through the data packaging module, and calculates its Merkel tree root; updates the MPT tree root value of the natural person status;
步骤五：变更区块头区域的随机数域形成备选区块；Step 5: Change the random number field in the block header area to form a candidate block;
步骤六：验证区块头的哈希值是否小于门阀值，若小于门阀值，则广播新区块到数据库全网，更新备份节点的链条，否则回到步骤五。Step 6: Verify whether the hash value of the block header is less than the threshold value. If it is less than the threshold value, broadcast the new block to the entire network of the database and update the chain of backup nodes, otherwise return to step 5.
学位获取，以本科学位为例：Degree acquisition, taking an undergraduate degree as an example:
步骤一：大学招生系统（非链式应用模块）发送录取信息到本科学位链的主链；Step 1: The university admissions system (non-chain application module) sends admission information to the main chain of the undergraduate degree chain;
步骤二：接收到数据的链条节点检查链ID是否与自己匹配，若匹配，则进入步骤三，否则发往对应链ID号的节点；Step 2: The chain node receiving the data checks whether the chain ID matches itself, if it matches, enters step 3, otherwise sends it to the node corresponding to the chain ID number;
步骤三：进入智能合约模块，向自然人链发送身份核实申请；Step 3: Enter the smart contract module and send an identity verification application to the natural human chain;
自然人链：Natural human chain:
步骤一：本科学位核心链发送身份核实申请到自然人链；Step 1: The undergraduate degree core chain sends the identity verification application to the natural person chain;
步骤二：接收到数据的链条节点检查链ID是否与自己匹配，若匹配，则进入步骤三，否则发往对应链ID号的节点；Step 2: The chain node receiving the data checks whether the chain ID matches itself, if it matches, enters step 3, otherwise sends it to the node corresponding to the chain ID number;
步骤三：进入智能合约模块；Step 3: Enter the smart contract module;
1. 从自然人链中核实该自然人的存在；1. Verify the existence of the natural person from the chain of natural persons;
2. 更新自然人状态（学历状态：本科录取）；2. Update the status of natural persons (educational status: undergraduate admission);
3. 返回核实结果信息给本科学位链主链；3. Return the verification result information to the main chain of the undergraduate degree chain;
步骤四：节点将一天的事项申请（包括户籍申请，结婚申请，销户申请等）信息经数据打包模块打包入块，并计算其默克尔树根；更新自然人状态的MPT树根值；Step 4: The node packs the information of one day’s application (including household registration application, marriage application, account cancellation application, etc.) into blocks through the data packaging module, and calculates its Merkle tree root; updates the MPT tree root value of the natural person status;
步骤五：变更区块头区域的随机数域形成备选区块；Step 5: Change the random number field in the block header area to form a candidate block;
步骤六：验证区块头的哈希值是否小于门阀值，若小于门阀值，则广播新区块到数据库全网，更新备份节点的链条，否则回到步骤五；Step 6: Verify whether the hash value of the block header is less than the threshold value. If it is less than the threshold value, broadcast the new block to the entire network of the database and update the chain of backup nodes, otherwise return to step 5;
步骤四：节点将半年（录取一年两次）的有效录取信息经数据打包模块打包入块，并计算出其默克尔树根；学生状态MPT树也产生新的叶节点，从树根到叶的前缀为新学生的身份证号；Step 4: The node packs the valid admission information for half a year (admission twice a year) into blocks through the data packaging module, and calculates its Merkle tree root; the student status MPT tree also generates new leaf nodes, from the root to the The prefix of Ye is the ID number of the new student;
步骤五：变更区块头区域的随机数域形成备选区块；Step 5: Change the random number field in the block header area to form a candidate block;
步骤六：验证区块头的哈希值是否小于门阀值，若小于门阀值，则广播新区块到数据库全网，更新备份节点的链条，否则回到步骤五。Step 6: Verify whether the hash value of the block header is less than the threshold value. If it is less than the threshold value, broadcast the new block to the entire network of the database and update the chain of backup nodes, otherwise return to step 5.
学生注册课程：Students registering for courses:
步骤一：选课系统（非链式应用模块）发送选课信息到成绩链（本科学历链的条件附属链）；Step 1: The course selection system (non-chain application module) sends course selection information to the grade chain (the conditional subsidiary chain of the undergraduate degree chain);
步骤二：接收到数据的链条节点检查链ID是否与自己匹配，若匹配，则进入步骤三，否则发往对应链ID号的节点；Step 2: The chain node receiving the data checks whether the chain ID matches itself, if it matches, enters step 3, otherwise sends it to the node corresponding to the chain ID number;
步骤三：进入智能合约模块，向主链确认学生信息核实申请；Step 3: Enter the smart contract module and confirm the student information verification application to the main chain;
主链：main chain:
步骤一：成绩链发送学生信息核实申请到主链；Step 1: The grade chain sends the student information verification application to the main chain;
步骤二：接收到数据的链条节点检查链ID是否与自己匹配，若匹配，则进入步骤三，否则发往对应链ID号的节点；Step 2: The chain node receiving the data checks whether the chain ID matches itself, if it matches, enters step 3, otherwise sends it to the node corresponding to the chain ID number;
步骤三：进入智能合约模块；Step 3: Enter the smart contract module;
1. 从主链中核实该学生的存在；1. Verify the existence of the student from the main chain;
2. 更新学生状态（选课状态）；2. Update student status (course selection status);
3. 返回核实结果信息给成绩链；3. Return the verification result information to the grade chain;
步骤四：节点将半年的事项申请信息经数据打包模块打包入块，并计算默克尔树根；更新学生状态的MPT树根值；Step 4: The node packs the half-year application information into blocks through the data packaging module, and calculates the root of the Merkle tree; updates the root value of the MPT tree of the student status;
步骤五：变更区块头区域的随机数域形成备选区块；Step 5: Change the random number field in the block header area to form a candidate block;
步骤六：验证区块头的哈希值是否小于门阀值，若小于门阀值，则广播新区块到数据库全网，更新备份节点的链条，否则回到步骤五；Step 6: Verify whether the hash value of the block header is less than the threshold value. If it is less than the threshold value, broadcast the new block to the entire network of the database and update the chain of backup nodes, otherwise return to step 5;
步骤四：节点将选课信息打包入块并计算默克尔树根；学生成绩状态的MPT产生新节点，并更新MPT树根；Step 4: The node packs the course selection information into blocks and calculates the root of the Merkle tree; the MPT of the student's performance status generates a new node and updates the root of the MPT tree;
步骤五：变更区块头区域的随机数域形成备选区块；Step 5: Change the random number field in the block header area to form a candidate block;
步骤六：验证区块头的哈希值是否小于门阀值，若小于门阀值，则广播新区块到数据库全网，更新备份节点的链条，否则回到步骤五。Step 6: Verify whether the hash value of the block header is less than the threshold value. If it is less than the threshold value, broadcast the new block to the entire network of the database and update the chain of backup nodes, otherwise return to step 5.
学生成绩录入：Student record entry:
步骤一：教务系统向成绩链发送成绩录入信息Step 1: The educational administration system sends the grade entry information to the grade chain
步骤二：接收到数据的链条节点检查链ID是否与自己匹配，若匹配，则进入步骤三，否则发往对应链ID号的节点；Step 2: The chain node receiving the data checks whether the chain ID matches itself, if it matches, enters step 3, otherwise sends it to the node corresponding to the chain ID number;
步骤三：进入智能合约模块；Step 3: Enter the smart contract module;
1. 自动批改学生试卷或作业（比如答题卡），得出学生成绩；1. Automatically correct student test papers or homework (such as answer sheets) to obtain student grades;
2. 更新学生状态（成绩状态）；2. Update student status (grade status);
3. 返回成绩信息到教务系统；3. Return the score information to the educational administration system;
步骤四：节点将成绩录入信息经数据打包模块打包入块，并计算默克尔树根；更新学生状态MPT的树根；Step 4: The node packs the grade entry information into a block through the data packaging module, and calculates the root of the Merkle tree; updates the root of the student status MPT;
步骤五：变更区块头区域的随机数域形成备选区块；Step 5: Change the random number field in the block header area to form a candidate block;
步骤六：验证区块头的哈希值是否小于门阀值，若小于门阀值，则广播新区块到数据库全网，更新备份节点的链条，否则回到步骤五。Step 6: Verify whether the hash value of the block header is less than the threshold value. If it is less than the threshold value, broadcast the new block to the entire network of the database and update the chain of backup nodes, otherwise return to step 5.
学生学分修成：Student credits completed:
成绩链：Grade chain:
步骤一：教务系统向成绩链发送学分修成申请；Step 1: The educational administration system sends an application for credit completion to the grade chain;
步骤二：接收到数据的链条节点检查链ID是否与自己匹配，若匹配，则进入步骤三，否则发往对应链ID号的节点；Step 2: The chain node receiving the data checks whether the chain ID matches itself, if it matches, enters step 3, otherwise sends it to the node corresponding to the chain ID number;
步骤三：进入智能合约模块；Step 3: Enter the smart contract module;
1. 验证学生该门课成绩是否达到约束；1. Verify whether the student's grades in this course meet the constraints;
2. 返回结果信息到教务系统；2. Return the result information to the educational administration system;
3. 若达到约束，则向主链发送学分修成信息；3. If the constraint is met, send credit completion information to the main chain;
步骤四：节点将学分申请信息经数据打包模块打包入块，并计算默克尔树根；Step 4: The node packs the credit application information into blocks through the data packaging module, and calculates the root of the Merkle tree;
步骤五：变更区块头区域的随机数域形成备选区块；Step 5: Change the random number field in the block header area to form a candidate block;
步骤六：验证区块头的哈希值是否小于门阀值，若小于门阀值，则广播新区块到数据库全网，更新备份节点的链条，否则回到步骤五。Step 6: Verify whether the hash value of the block header is less than the threshold value. If it is less than the threshold value, broadcast the new block to the entire network of the database and update the chain of backup nodes, otherwise return to step 5.
主链：main chain:
步骤一：成绩链发送学分修成信息到主链；Step 1: The grade chain sends credit completion information to the main chain;
步骤二：接收到数据的链条节点检查链ID是否与自己匹配，若匹配，则进入步骤三，否则发往对应链ID号的节点；Step 2: The chain node receiving the data checks whether the chain ID matches itself, if it matches, enters step 3, otherwise sends it to the node corresponding to the chain ID number;
步骤三：进入智能合约模块，主要验证信息是否有效，譬如信息格式，日期等；并更新学生状态；Step 3: Enter the smart contract module, mainly to verify whether the information is valid, such as information format, date, etc.; and update the student status;
步骤四：节点将学分修成信息经数据打包模块打包入块，并计算默克尔树根；更新学生状态MPT树根；Step 4: The node packs the credit completion information into blocks through the data packaging module, and calculates the Merkel tree root; updates the student status MPT tree root;
步骤五：变更区块头区域的随机数域形成备选区块；Step 5: Change the random number field in the block header area to form a candidate block;
步骤六：验证区块头的哈希值是否小于门阀值，若小于门阀值，则广播新区块到数据库全网，更新备份节点的链条，否则回到步骤五。Step 6: Verify whether the hash value of the block header is less than the threshold value. If it is less than the threshold value, broadcast the new block to the entire network of the database and update the chain of backup nodes, otherwise return to step 5.
学生本科学历获得：Students with undergraduate degrees obtained:
本科链主链：Undergraduate chain main chain:
步骤一：教务系统向主链发送本科学历获得申请；Step 1: The educational administration system sends an application for obtaining a bachelor's degree to the main chain;
步骤二：接收到数据的链条节点检查链ID是否与自己匹配，若匹配，则进入步骤三，否则发往对应链ID号的节点；Step 2: The chain node receiving the data checks whether the chain ID matches itself, if it matches, enters step 3, otherwise sends it to the node corresponding to the chain ID number;
步骤三：进入智能合约模块；Step 3: Enter the smart contract module;
1. 验证学生学分是否达到约束；1. Verify that the student credits meet the constraints;
2. 返回结果信息到教务系统；2. Return the result information to the educational administration system;
3. 若达到约束，更新学生状态并向自然人链发送本科学历获得信息；3. If the constraint is met, update the student status and send the undergraduate degree acquisition information to the natural person chain;
步骤四：节点将学历获得申请信息经数据打包模块打包入块，并计算默克尔树根；并更新学生状态MPT树根；Step 4: The node packs the application information of academic qualifications into the block through the data packaging module, and calculates the root of the Merkel tree; and updates the root of the MPT tree of the student status;
步骤五：变更区块头区域的随机数域形成备选区块；Step 5: Change the random number field in the block header area to form a candidate block;
步骤六：验证区块头的哈希值是否小于门阀值，若小于门阀值，则广播新区块到数据库全网，更新备份节点的链条，否则回到步骤五。Step 6: Verify whether the hash value of the block header is less than the threshold value. If it is less than the threshold value, broadcast the new block to the entire network of the database and update the chain of backup nodes, otherwise return to step 5.
自然人链：Natural human chain:
步骤一：本科链主链发送学历获得信息到自然人链；Step 1: The main chain of the undergraduate chain sends the information of the academic qualifications to the natural person chain;
步骤二：接收到数据的链条节点检查链ID是否与自己匹配，若匹配，则进入步骤三，否则发往对应链ID号的节点；Step 2: The chain node receiving the data checks whether the chain ID matches itself, if it matches, enters step 3, otherwise sends it to the node corresponding to the chain ID number;
步骤三：进入智能合约模块，主要验证信息是否有效，譬如信息格式，日期等；并更新自然人状态；Step 3: Enter the smart contract module, mainly to verify whether the information is valid, such as information format, date, etc.; and update the status of natural persons;
步骤四：节点将学历获得信息经数据打包模块打包入块，并计算默克尔树根；并更新自然人状态MPT树根；Step 4: The node packs the education information into blocks through the data packaging module, and calculates the Merkel tree root; and updates the MPT tree root of the natural person status;
步骤五：变更区块头区域的随机数域形成备选区块；Step 5: Change the random number field in the block header area to form a candidate block;
步骤六：验证区块头的哈希值是否小于门阀值，若小于门阀值，则广播新区块到数据库全网，更新备份节点的链条，否则回到步骤五。Step 6: Verify whether the hash value of the block header is less than the threshold value. If it is less than the threshold value, broadcast the new block to the entire network of the database and update the chain of backup nodes, otherwise return to step 5.
自然人死亡销户：Cancellation of natural person death:
步骤一：销户申请向自然人链发出；Step 1: The account cancellation application is sent to the natural person chain;
步骤二：接收到数据的链条节点检查链ID是否与自己匹配，若匹配，则进入步骤三，否则发往对应链ID号的节点；Step 2: The chain node receiving the data checks whether the chain ID matches itself, if it matches, enters step 3, otherwise sends it to the node corresponding to the chain ID number;
步骤三：进入智能合约模块，验证申请是否符合约束；若符合约束，更新自然人状态；Step 3: Enter the smart contract module to verify whether the application meets the constraints; if the constraints are met, update the status of the natural person;
步骤四：节点将销户申请信息经数据打包模块打包入块，并计算默克尔树根；更新自然人状态MPT树根；Step 4: The node packs the account cancellation application information into blocks through the data packaging module, and calculates the Merkel tree root; updates the natural person status MPT tree root;
步骤五：变更区块头区域的随机数域形成备选区块；Step 5: Change the random number field in the block header area to form a candidate block;
步骤六：验证区块头的哈希值是否小于门阀值，若小于门阀值，则广播新区块到数据库全网，更新备份节点的链条，否则回到步骤五。Step 6: Verify whether the hash value of the block header is less than the threshold value. If it is less than the threshold value, broadcast the new block to the entire network of the database and update the chain of backup nodes, otherwise return to step 5.
本发明的优点在于，本发明包括智能合约模块、数据打包模块、区块头计算模块、库内通信模块，所述智能合约模块与数据打包模块连接，所述数据打包模块分别与区块头计算模块、库内通信模块连接，所述智能合约模块还与外部非链式应用模块连接。本发明还提供了一种包含智能合约的区块链网式数据库的工作方法。本发明提供了区块链系统的通用核心库，能加快区块链应用的开发速度; 能实现多链交互，不仅可以避免单链模式账本过大导致部分节点无法参与网络的情况，还可以通过链条间的业务逻辑依赖关系保证数据真实性。The advantage of the present invention is that the present invention includes a smart contract module, a data packaging module, a block header calculation module, and a communication module in a library, the smart contract module is connected to the data packaging module, and the data packaging module is respectively connected to the block header calculation module, The communication module in the library is connected, and the smart contract module is also connected with the external non-chain application module. The invention also provides a working method of the block chain network database including the smart contract. The present invention provides a common core library of the blockchain system, which can speed up the development of blockchain applications; it can realize multi-chain interaction, which can not only avoid the situation that some nodes cannot participate in the network due to the large account book of single-chain mode, but also can pass The business logic dependencies between chains ensure data authenticity.
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be assumed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, some simple deduction or replacement can be made, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN201710376246.2APendingCN107103098A (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2017-05-25 | A blockchain network database including smart contracts and its working method |
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