CN1071021A - Thermal human body dummy - Google Patents

Abstract

Thermal human body dummy is the automatic analoging test equipment that is used for heat exchanging process between human body and environment.Dummy's body adopts the surface heating effects technology, effectively overcome the ubiquitous thermal hysteresis of external similar dummy, by programming by the body dummy model Eh=k (Tz-Ts) that warms, improved the susceptibility and the precision of temperature control system by the control of micro-processor controlled closed-loop path automatic feedback system.The accurate mensuration that is used for the clothing heat insulation energy, can realize simulation from the degree of more approximate emulation to true man colony cold stress, can study the heat-preserving function of clothes from varying levels such as comfortable, work efficiency, safety, tolerance limits, single actual from comfortableness research than external, range of application is wider.

Description

Thermal human body dummy

The invention belongs to a kind of thermal human body dummy of human efficiency subject's testing equipment-thermal manikin.

Thermal manikin or alternating temperature thermal manikin, the important simulation test means as carrying out heat exchanging process between a researching human body (passing through clothes) and environment more and more are subjected to various countries human efficiency subject researcher's attention and employing.Being U.S. Na Dike quartermaster equipment exhibition area engineering center the earliest, is Canadian the Royal Air Force and NASA, Japan Kobe university, German Huo Ensitai clothes physiology institute after a while, and Technical University Of Denmark has also carried out development test to thermal manikin in recent years.So far thermal manikin existing can imitate human body perspiration, apery activity, breathing etc. has the thermal manikin of multinomial function.Because people are to the raising of thermal manikin understanding, the range of application of thermal manikin is enlarging, and function is improving constantly, and manufacturing technology is also in continuous improvement.

Thermal manikin is laid heating wire, electric heating piece, is manually beaten moulding and develop into and use aluminium alloy and make housing by early stage application copper shell, inside, inside is laid electrical bar or is adopted to the inside at each position of dummy topping up body technique, as the employing aluminium matter sufacing of mentioning in the U.S. AD report (cold and immersion environment the thermal manikin of the single protective clothing of calibrating) down, the dummy of the adiabatic usefulness of BrP GB-2191884(test clothes) in mention by trunk, head, arm, leg to dummy's topping up technology.Though above-mentioned The Application of Technology has been improved thermal manikin also all ubiquity have thermal hysteresis and test specification narrow narrow (only limiting to comfort conditions), temperature control single, only can defective such as estimate on the function to the thermal resistance value CLO value of clothes.Recently Denmark University of Science and Technology's research adopts fiberglass to make the thermal manikin housing, alleviated weight, and had the advantage of easy processing, but because of the electric heat source of heating still in enclosure interior, defectives such as the thermal hysteresis of thermal manikin still exist.

The objective of the invention is to propose a kind ofly can overcome in the past the thermal hysteresis of thermal manikin and can simulate true man's skin temperature variation under the cold stress condition again, carry out clothes heat-preserving function result of study Multifucntional alternating temperature thermal manikin accurately thereby reach from varying levels such as comfortable, effect, safety, tolerance limits.

The present invention is achieved in that using fiberglass makes dummy's housing, adopt surface heating effects technical basis unit area constant power distribution principle to glue uniformly and apply dummy's housing outside with viscose glue hot water radiation wire in parallel, the sticking temperature element that applies on hot water radiation wire, then, the heater circuit both positive and negative polarity is connected on the temperature control system at coating last layer heat conductive insulating glue-line.This temperature control system is by using the body dummy model Eh=K(Tz-Ts that warms that is derived by a large amount of true man colony cold stress experimental data) thus program and implement control and form a closed-loop path automatic feedback system.This body dummy model Eh=K(Tz-Ts that warms) the termination heat supply temperature (C) that Eh=dryness heat radiation unit bodies surface area thermal power (W/M) Tz=in is derived by human trial; TS=mean skin temperature (C) K=temperature difference heat power conversion coefficient (W/M.C) is derived by human trial.

About the operational process of this temperature control system, now 2 be explained in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Accompanyingdrawing 2 is to use the above-mentioned body dummy model EH=K(Tz-Ts that warms) operational process figure.

Wherein:

6. initialization, key in year, month, day, the time etc. parameter.

7. keyboard key is gone into selected test method, and which kind of control task is selected which kind of mode generate.

8. generate the alternating temperature control task.

9. generate the thermostatic control task.

10. generate the heat control task.

11. the generation clock, sampling, keyboard commands calculate tasks such as printing.

12. wait for regularly quarter-bell signal of clock.

13. the keyboard commands task, the order that requires to key in because of manual intervention starts-stops.

14. wake the sampling task, sample and scale transformation.

15. sampling subroutine.

16. the control task of waking is executed real FEEDBACK CONTROL.

17. feedback subroutine.

Whether reachbalance 18. declare.

19. do not reach balance, wake print out task, print non-equilibrium data, return 12.

20. reached balance, wake calculation task, calculate and cumulative data.

21. balance period MXN period counter counting, meter M counter earlier, as M less than, return 12.Full as M, N rolling counters forward then, as N less than, then turn to 22.Full as N, then turn to 23.

22. wake print out task, print the balance period data, return 12.

23. wake print out task, print last group balance period data, time-delay is waited for and having been beaten, and prints the Test Summary fruit, shuts down.

Annotate: M, the full amount limit of N counter, available keyboard commands are manually set, integer type, as not setting, system is decided to be 7 automatically; 9.

The closed loop temperature-controlling system computer applied algorithm of feedback is automatically worked out by following formula:

$\mathrm{Ui\; =}\sqrt{\mathrm{K(TZ-TS)\; ※\; Si\; ※\; Ri}}\mathrm{-----------(1)}$

The voltage that this section of Ui=should feed back in the formula (V)

Si=should add the long-pending (M of (loosing) hot side²)

This section of Ri=heater circuit resistance (Ω)

For better subregion test, each position heat radiation of researching human body and the adiabatic characteristics of clothes and carry out sound figure's variation, dummy's body is divided into 12 sections such as hand, head, chest, left and right sides shank, left and right sides thigh, foot, pin, left and right arms and stern, and joined the power-equipment of simulating walking.The positive and negative electrode of each section heater circuit is parallel to by the body dummy model Eh=K(TZ-TS that warms) program and control on the temperature control system of the automatic feedback of closed loop.The heater circuit of each section surface of dummy is calculated as follows:

$\mathrm{Ri=}\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="U"\; filenames="92109065X\_DRIMG1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}^2\max }{\mathrm{E\; max\; ※\; Si}}\mathrm{---------(2)}$

$\mathrm{Ni\; =}\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{\delta \rho .Si}}^2\mathrm{E\; max}}{{\mathrm{\phi \pi r}}^2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="U"\; filenames="92109065X\_DRIMG1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}^2\max }}\mathrm{----------(3)}$

$\mathrm{Li\; =}\frac{\mathrm{\delta Si}}{\mathrm{Ni\; \phi }}\mathrm{---------(4)}$

The selected heat supply electricity of Umax=former maximum voltage (V) in the formula

Heating power maximal value (W/m) in the Emax=scope of design

ρ=selected hot water radiation wire resistance ratio (mm/m)

φ=hot water radiation wire (containing insulation) diameter (mm) by multiple layer

R=hot water radiation wire bare wire radius (mm)

This section of Ni=hot water radiation wire radical (root) in parallel

The length in parallel (m) of this section of Li=heater circuit resistance wire

δ=linear unit order of magnitude conversion coefficient (mm/M)

Use the present invention and obtained the simulated experiment result of approximate true man's youth group experiment in clothing function mensuration, following table is the Balance Control result of several groups of nude thermal equilibrium skin temperature randomly drawing.

Table 1: alternating temperature thermal manikin analog reslt and human trial are relatively

It is not cold that differentiation temperature (Ta) thermal resistance (I) is stablized the flat flat whole process of omnidistance arithmetic of weighting

Equal skin temperature (Tsq) is skin temperature (Ts) all

C CLO C C %

Human trial 13.91 2.80 33.07 32.96 100

Simulation test 14.01 2.81 33.01 32.80 99.0

Compare-0.06-0.16-1.0

Human trial 7.60 2.80 31.70 31.60 75.3

Simulation test 7.63 2.79 31.82 31.80 78.9

Compare+0.12+0.20+3.6

Human trial 1.37 2.80 30.65 30.68 54.5

Simulation test 1.22 2.82 30.69 30.86 59.8

Compare+0.04+0.18+5.3

Human trial 7.63 4.00 33.05 33.00 100

Simulation test 7.55 4.03 33.22 33.04 100

Compare+0.17+0.04 0

Human trial-3.93 4.00 31.57 31.56 78.6

Simulation test-3.87 4.01 31.66 31.73 76.2

Compare+0.09+0.17-2.4

Human trial-10.25 4.6 31.24 31.75 85.0

Simulation test-10.48 4.59 31.50 31.87 73.5

Compare+0.26+0.12-11.5

Human trial-15.20 4.60 31.13 31.58 59.00

Simulation test-14.98 4.62 31.00 31.21 65.1

Compare-0.13-0.37+6.1

Because the present invention has adopted new alternating temperature controlling models and surface heating effects technology, by technology such as unit area constant power distribution principle design heater circuit and the making of branch section, the two kinds of figures of sound that make the dummy have alternating temperature, constant temperature, permanent heat control change, thereby obtained simulates real people colony experimental result, show that the present invention has effectively overcome the thermal hysteresis that thermal manikin in the past exists and enlarged range of application and experiential function, improved the reliability of temperature-controlled precision and temperature-measuring results.Be subjected to user's favorable comment.

Now the present invention is further illustrated in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is an alternating temperature thermal manikin body.Wherein 1 is dummy's glass steel shell, the 1st, and hot water radiation wire, the 2nd, temperature probe, the 3rd, heat conductive insulating glue-line, the 4th, dummy's glass steel shell, the 5th, alternating temperature thermal manikin body.

Embodiment

1, be the dummy that material one is divided into 12 sections the making 1 of thermal manikin), with fiberglass.

2), the body surface area of each section of instrumentation dummy, following table is the surface area instrumentation result such as the following table 2 of the present invention's 12 sections:

Table two: each segment body surface area instrumentation result of alternating temperature thermal manikin

Position cephalothorax waist left arm right arm stern

Instrumentation area 0.1301 0.1742 0.1613 0.1214 0.1217 0.2430

m

Position left thigh right thigh left leg right leg pin hand

Instrumentation area 0.1153 0.1100 0.1067 0.1188 0.1208 0.0848

m

3), the calculating of heater circuit is laid on the thermal manikin surface:

By above-mentioned

Computing formula (2,3,4) is calculated resistance, radical in parallel and the length in parallel that each section should lay heater circuit.

4), lay heater circuit, according to each section resistance wire radical (Ni) in parallel, length in parallel (Li) that designing and calculating is tried to achieve, on each section, its end points is coupled on the corresponding heat supply terminal of temperature control system with the sticking solid matter thermal resistance in parallel that applies of viscose glue.

5), temperature probe lays.

Temperature probe is spread on the hot water radiation wire with viscose glue is sticking, be connected in simultaneously on the corresponding thermometric terminal of temperature control system.

6), coating heat conductive insulating glue-line.

Implement to make a novel alternating temperature dummy body according to the said method step.

2, by the body dummy model EH=K(TZ-TS that warms) use high-level [computer programming (part assembly language) to move by the automatic feedback of aforementioned calculation formula (1) establishment temperature-controlling system working procedure.

3, clothes test.

Claims (2)

1, the thermal human body dummy of a kind of energy energy simulates real people colony skin temperature variation under different cold stress conditions, it is characterized in that using dummy's temperature control model E h=K (Tz-Ts) in the automatic feedback procedure in alternating temperature thermal manikin system's closed-loop path, this alternating temperature thermal manikin system is densely covered with hot water radiation wire (1) by dummy's housing (4) surface and the some thermometric original paper that looses (20 and novel dummy's body (5) of surface applied heat insulation glue-line (3) and the temperature control system that links with it form.

2, alternating temperature thermal manikin according to claim 1 is characterized in that dividing into head, hand, foot, left and right arms, chest, waist, stern, left and right sides thigh, 12 sections of left and right sides shank.

Images