技术领域technical field
本发明属于光动力治疗技术领域，尤其涉及一种具有可视化功能的光动力治疗系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of photodynamic therapy, in particular to a photodynamic therapy system with visualization function.
背景技术Background technique
我国是全球癌症高发区之一。世界卫生组织在今年2月3日发表了《全球癌症报告》，研究称2012年中国癌症新增病例居全球之首，近50％新增病例发生在中国。而且，食管癌、胃癌、肝癌和肺癌4大恶性肿瘤在我国的新增病例和死亡人数均居世界首位。以食管癌为例，世界卫生组织公布的资料显示，我国每年新增食管癌约26万例，发病率为16.7/10万人，死亡率为13.4/10万人，无论发病还是死亡人数均占世界半数以上。my country is one of the high incidence areas of cancer in the world. The World Health Organization published the "Global Cancer Report" on February 3 this year. According to a study, the number of new cancer cases in China ranked first in the world in 2012, and nearly 50% of the new cases occurred in China. Moreover, the number of new cases and deaths of the four major malignant tumors of esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer and lung cancer in my country ranks first in the world. Taking esophageal cancer as an example, according to the data released by the World Health Organization, there are about 260,000 new cases of esophageal cancer in my country every year, the incidence rate is 16.7/100,000 people, and the mortality rate is 13.4/100,000 people. More than half of the world.
由于尚无有效的早期无创诊断方法，80％以上患者发现时即为中晚期。若采取手术治疗，由于手术需开胸，会对患者机体有较大的创伤；若采取放化疗治疗方法，由于放化疗全身毒副作用强，会降低机体正常免疫功能，患者治疗后生活质量差，且远期生存率尚不理想。光动力治疗(Photodynamic therapy，PDT)是一种符合21世纪肿瘤治疗发展方向(靶向、局部、个体化)的新技术，具有靶向性、局部治疗、个性化治疗等优点，与手术、化疗、放疗并列为肿瘤治疗的四种主要方法，已成功应用于多种内窥镜下的肿瘤等疾病的治疗。Since there is no effective early non-invasive diagnostic method, more than 80% of patients are in the middle and late stages when they are discovered. If surgical treatment is adopted, since the operation requires a thoracotomy, it will cause greater trauma to the patient's body; if radiotherapy and chemotherapy are used, due to the strong systemic side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the normal immune function of the body will be reduced, and the quality of life of the patient after treatment will be poor. And the long-term survival rate is not ideal. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new technology that conforms to the development direction of tumor treatment in the 21st century (targeted, localized, individualized). Radiotherapy and radiotherapy are listed as the four main methods of tumor treatment, and have been successfully applied to the treatment of various endoscopic tumors and other diseases.
但是，光动力治疗激光光源输出功率较高，可使内窥镜CCD(Charge-coupledDevice，电荷耦合元件)或CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，互补金属氧化物半导体)探测器饱和，显示屏呈亮白一片。在整个治疗过程中医生处于盲视状态，无法从显示屏直观看见组织图像，这是目前所有电子内窥镜下PDT面临的共性问题。盲视下进行光动力治疗操作难度大、技术要求高，大大降低了治疗的准确性和安全性，增加了手术风险；也增加了研究光动力治疗量效关系、治疗剂量优化的难度，限制了相关新型光敏药物、剂量实时监测调控技术等基础研究领域的发展，严重阻碍了内窥镜下光动力治疗基础研究的拓展与临床应用推广。However, the output power of the photodynamic therapy laser light source is relatively high, which can saturate the endoscope CCD (Charge-coupled Device, charge-coupled device) or CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) detector, and the display screen is bright white. one slice. During the whole treatment process, the doctor is in a state of blindness and cannot directly see the tissue image from the display screen. This is a common problem faced by all electronic endoscope PDT at present. Performing photodynamic therapy under blind vision is difficult and technically demanding, which greatly reduces the accuracy and safety of the treatment and increases the risk of surgery; it also increases the difficulty of studying the dose-effect relationship of photodynamic therapy and the optimization of treatment dose, which limits the The development of basic research fields such as new photosensitive drugs and real-time dose monitoring and regulation technology has seriously hindered the expansion of basic research and clinical application of endoscopic photodynamic therapy.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种具有可视化功能的光动力治疗系统，旨在解决由于光动力治疗光源输出功率较高，致使显示屏呈亮白一片，从而导致医生在整个治疗过程中无法直观看见组织图像，大大降低了治疗的准确性和安全性，增加了手术风险的问题。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a photodynamic therapy system with visualization function, which aims to solve the problem that the display screen is bright white due to the high output power of the photodynamic therapy light source, which makes doctors unable to Visually seeing tissue images greatly reduces the accuracy and safety of treatment and increases the risk of surgery.
本发明提供了一种具有可视化功能的光动力治疗系统，所述光动力治疗系统包括：电子内镜系统、光动力治疗激光系统和光同步模块；The present invention provides a photodynamic therapy system with a visualization function, the photodynamic therapy system comprising: an electronic endoscope system, a photodynamic therapy laser system and an optical synchronization module;
所述电子内镜系统包括电子内镜和内镜监视器，所述电子内镜包括软质内镜端部，所述软质内镜端部的前端包括电子CCD或CMOS光学系统；The electronic endoscope system includes an electronic endoscope and an endoscope monitor, the electronic endoscope includes a soft endoscope end, and the front end of the soft endoscope end includes an electronic CCD or CMOS optical system;
所述光动力治疗激光系统包括光动力治疗激光光源和输出光纤，所述光同步模块包括准直发射光路、斩波器、准直接收光路和触发端口，所述触发端口与所述斩波器连接，并与所述电子内镜连接，用于将所述电子CCD或CMOS光学系统输出的曝光及读出时序信号传输给所述斩波器；所述准直接收光路用于将所述光动力治疗激光光源输出的治疗激光传输给所述斩波器，所述斩波器用于根据所述曝光及读出时序信号对所述治疗激光进行同步斩波调制，在电子CCD或CMOS光学系统曝光阶段隔断光路或瞬时接通光路，在读出阶段持续接通光路，并将得到的同步脉冲治疗激光传输至所述准直发射光路，并从所述输出光纤输出；所述输出光纤用于将所述同步脉冲治疗激光经由所述电子内镜输出至人体病变组织，以使所述电子CCD或CMOS光学系统在曝光阶段时，所述输出光纤不输出治疗激光或输出瞬时治疗激光，而在读出阶段时持续输出治疗激光，以便得到第一组织图像数据或第二组织图像数据；The photodynamic therapy laser system includes a photodynamic therapy laser light source and an output optical fiber, and the optical synchronization module includes a collimated emitting optical path, a chopper, a quasi-direct receiving optical path, and a trigger port, and the trigger port is connected to the chopper connected, and connected with the electronic endoscope, for transmitting the exposure and readout timing signals output by the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system to the chopper; the quasi-direct receiving path is used for the light The therapeutic laser light output by the dynamic therapeutic laser light source is transmitted to the chopper, and the chopper is used to synchronously chop and modulate the therapeutic laser light according to the exposure and readout timing signals, and expose the therapeutic laser light in the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system. The optical path is cut off or instantaneously connected to the optical path, and the optical path is continuously connected in the readout stage, and the obtained synchronous pulse therapeutic laser is transmitted to the collimated emission optical path and output from the output optical fiber; the output optical fiber is used to The synchronous pulse therapeutic laser is output to human diseased tissue through the electronic endoscope, so that when the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system is in the exposure stage, the output optical fiber does not output therapeutic laser or output instantaneous therapeutic laser, but reads Continuously output the therapeutic laser light when exiting the stage, so as to obtain the first tissue image data or the second tissue image data;
所述内镜监视器用于显示由所述第一组织图像数据形成的第一组织图像，或用于显示由所述第二组织图像数据形成的第二组织图像，所述第一组织图像为不具有治疗光斑边界的组织图像，所述第二组织图像是具有治疗光斑边界的组织图像。The endoscopic monitor is used to display a first tissue image formed from the first tissue image data, or to display a second tissue image formed from the second tissue image data, and the first tissue image is not A tissue image with a treatment spot boundary, the second tissue image is a tissue image with a treatment spot boundary.
进一步地，所述准直接收光路包括依次连接的输入端、第一光纤及第一透镜，所述输入端与光动力治疗激光光源连接，所述第一光纤用于传输由所述输入端输入的治疗激光；所述第一透镜用于将所述治疗激光准直成平行光并输入至所述斩波器。Further, the quasi-direct optical receiving path includes an input end, a first optical fiber and a first lens connected in sequence, the input end is connected to the photodynamic therapy laser light source, and the first optical fiber is used to transmit The therapeutic laser light; the first lens is used to collimate the therapeutic laser light into parallel light and input it to the chopper.
进一步地，所述准直发射光路包括依次连接的第二透镜、第二光纤及连接器，所述连接器与所述输出光纤连接，所述第二透镜用于将所述斩波器输出的脉冲治疗激光耦合并输出至所述第二光纤，经由所述第二光纤及所述连接器输入所述输出光纤。Further, the collimated emission optical path includes a second lens, a second optical fiber and a connector connected in sequence, the connector is connected to the output optical fiber, and the second lens is used to output the output of the chopper The pulse therapeutic laser is coupled and output to the second optical fiber, and input to the output optical fiber through the second optical fiber and the connector.
进一步地，所述电子内镜还包括：操作手柄及器械通道，所述软质内镜端部的前端还包括器械通道出口；Further, the electronic endoscope also includes: an operating handle and an instrument channel, and the front end of the end of the soft endoscope also includes an instrument channel outlet;
所述输出光纤从所述器械通道的入口穿入并从所述器械通道出口穿出，以使所述同步脉冲治疗激光经由所述电子内镜输出至人体病变组织。The output optical fiber passes through the entrance of the instrument channel and passes out through the exit of the instrument channel, so that the synchronous pulse therapeutic laser is output to human diseased tissue through the electronic endoscope.
进一步地，所述软质内镜端部的前端还包括照明光出口，所述电子内镜系统还包括冷光源主机，所述电子内镜还包括数据接头；Further, the front end of the end of the soft endoscope also includes an illumination light outlet, the electronic endoscope system also includes a cold light source host, and the electronic endoscope also includes a data connector;
所述冷光源主机通过所述数据接头与所述电子内镜连接，用于提供照明光源，以便从所述照明光出口输出照明光。The cold light source host is connected to the electronic endoscope through the data connector, and is used to provide an illumination light source so as to output illumination light from the illumination light outlet.
进一步地，所述电子内镜系统还包括摄像主机，所述摄像主机通过所述数据接头与所述电子内镜连接，所述摄像主机还与所述内镜监视器连接，用于根据所述电子内镜中的电子CCD或CMOS光学系统得到的第一组织图像数据形成无治疗光斑边界的第一组织图像，或用于根据所述电子内镜中的电子CCD或CMOS光学系统得到的第二组织图像数据形成具有治疗光斑边界的第二组织图像，并将所述第一组织图像或第二组织图像发送给所述内镜监视器进行显示。Further, the electronic endoscope system also includes a camera host, the camera host is connected to the electronic endoscope through the data connector, the camera host is also connected to the endoscope monitor, and is used to The first tissue image data obtained by the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system in the electronic endoscope forms the first tissue image without treatment spot boundaries, or is used for the second tissue image obtained by the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system in the electronic endoscope. The tissue image data forms a second tissue image with treatment spot boundaries, and the first tissue image or the second tissue image is sent to the endoscope monitor for display.
进一步地，所述电子CCD或CMOS光学系统的CCD或CMOS在曝光阶段的曝光时间与光动力治疗激光系统的光路接通时间的重叠时间△t满足△t＝t0-t2，t0为所述电子CCD或CMOS光学系统的CCD或CMOS在曝光阶段的曝光时间，t2为所述光动力治疗激光系统的光路隔断时间；Further, the overlap time Δt between the exposure time of the CCD or CMOS of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system in the exposure stage and the light path connection time of the photodynamic therapy laser system satisfies Δt=t0 -t2 , t0 is The exposure time of the CCD or CMOS of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system in the exposure stage,t2 is the optical path interruption time of the photodynamic therapy laser system;
其中，当△t≤0时，表示在电子CCD或CMOS光学系统曝光阶段隔断光路，所述输出光纤在曝光阶段不输出治疗激光；Wherein, when Δt≤0, it means that the optical path is cut off during the exposure stage of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system, and the output optical fiber does not output the therapeutic laser during the exposure stage;
当0＜△t≤0.5t0时，表示在电子CCD或CMOS光学系统曝光阶段的最后△t时间瞬时接通光路，所述输出光纤在曝光阶段输出瞬时治疗激光。When 0<Δt≤0.5t0 , it means that the optical path is instantaneously connected at the last Δt time of the exposure stage of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system, and the output optical fiber outputs instantaneous therapeutic laser light during the exposure stage.
进一步地，所述光动力治疗激光光源输出的治疗激光的输出功率范围为0W-3W；所述输出光纤为端面输出光纤或侧面输出光纤，所述侧面输出光纤的出光区域长度为10mm-200mm。Further, the output power range of the therapeutic laser output by the photodynamic therapy laser light source is 0W-3W; the output fiber is an end-face output fiber or a side output fiber, and the length of the light-emitting area of the side output fiber is 10mm-200mm.
进一步地，所述电子CCD或CMOS光学系统的直径不大于5.0mm，所述CCD或CMOS的芯片尺寸≤1/4″，所述CCD或CMOS的有效像素不小于48万，所述CCD或CMOS的镜头视场角不小于100°。Further, the diameter of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system is not greater than 5.0mm, the chip size of the CCD or CMOS is ≤1/4", the effective pixels of the CCD or CMOS are not less than 480,000, and the CCD or CMOS The field of view of the lens is not less than 100°.
进一步地，所述软质内镜端部的材料为软性材料，其前端可弯曲；所述器械通道的直径不大于5mm。Further, the material of the end of the soft endoscope is a soft material, and its front end can be bent; the diameter of the instrument channel is not greater than 5mm.
本发明与现有技术相比，有益效果在于：本发明提供了一种具有可视化功能的光动力治疗系统，该系统引入了光同步技术，将所述电子CCD或CMOS光学系统输出的曝光及读出时序信号通过触发端口加载到光同步模块的斩波器，从而控制所述斩波器在电子CCD或CMOS光学系统曝光阶段隔断光路或瞬时接通光路，并在读出阶段持续接通光路，从而产生同步脉冲治疗激光；若电子CCD或CMOS光学系统在曝光阶段因光路隔断而没有接收到反射或散射回来的治疗激光，则可实现光动力治疗过程中组织图像可视；若在曝光阶段接收到反射或散射回来的瞬时治疗激光，则电子CCD或CMOS光学系统获取的图像信息既具有治疗激光信息，又不饱和，这样不仅可为医生实时提供组织图像，而且组织图像中还实时显示治疗光斑边界，从而实现光动力治疗过程中图像逼真可视，并使医生能直观看见治疗光斑位置与病变组织的位置关系，避免医生凭经验的盲操作，提高治疗效果，并避免过度照射、照射不足或照射不准等问题。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effect that: the present invention provides a photodynamic therapy system with visualization function, which introduces optical synchronization technology, and the exposure and reading output of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system The output timing signal is loaded to the chopper of the optical synchronization module through the trigger port, so as to control the chopper to cut off the optical path or turn on the optical path in the exposure stage of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system, and continuously turn on the optical path in the readout stage, Thus generating synchronous pulse therapeutic laser light; if the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system does not receive the reflected or scattered therapeutic laser light during the exposure stage due to the interruption of the optical path, the tissue image can be visualized during the photodynamic therapy process; When the instantaneous therapeutic laser light is reflected or scattered back, the image information acquired by the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system has both the therapeutic laser information and is not saturated, so that not only the tissue image can be provided in real time for the doctor, but also the treatment spot can be displayed in the tissue image in real time In order to realize the vivid and visible image during photodynamic therapy, and enable the doctor to intuitively see the relationship between the position of the treatment spot and the diseased tissue, avoid the doctor's blind operation based on experience, improve the treatment effect, and avoid over-irradiation, under-irradiation or Issues such as inaccurate irradiation.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种具有可视化功能的光动力治疗系统的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photodynamic therapy system with visualization function provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例提供的光同步模块的示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of an optical synchronization module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例提供的光动力治疗激光系统与光同步模块的连接关系示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the photodynamic therapy laser system and the optical synchronization module provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例提供的电子内镜的结构示意图；4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic endoscope provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明实施例提供的电子内镜的软质内镜端部的前端的结构示意图；5 is a schematic structural view of the front end of the soft endoscope end of the electronic endoscope provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图6a是本发明实施例提供的电子CCD或CMOS光学系统的CCD或CMOS芯片的曝光及读出时序信号；Figure 6a is the exposure and readout timing signals of the CCD or CMOS chip of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图6b是本发明实施例提供的斩波器对治疗激光输出光路的阻断和接通时序信号示意图；Fig. 6b is a schematic diagram of the blocking and switching timing signals of the output optical path of the therapeutic laser by the chopper provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图6c是本发明实施例提供的治疗激光输出光路的有光输出和无光输出时序信号示意图；Fig. 6c is a schematic diagram of timing signals of light output and no light output of the therapeutic laser output optical path provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图7是本发明实施例提供的利用电子内镜对胃部进行检测治疗的示意图；Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of detection and treatment of the stomach using an electronic endoscope provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图8a是本发明实施例提供的电子CCD或CMOS光学系统的CCD或CMOS芯片的曝光及读出时序信号；Figure 8a is the exposure and readout timing signals of the CCD or CMOS chip of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图8b是本发明实施例提供的斩波器对治疗激光输出光路的阻断和接通时序信号示意图；Fig. 8b is a schematic diagram of the blocking and switching timing signals of the output optical path of the therapeutic laser by the chopper provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图8c是本发明实施例提供的治疗激光输出光路的有光输出和无光输出时序信号示意图；Fig. 8c is a schematic diagram of timing signals of light output and no light output of the therapeutic laser output optical path provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图9a是本发明实施例提供的传统光动力治疗系统的电子内镜进行治疗激光照射前的图像；Fig. 9a is an image before laser irradiation by the electronic endoscope of the traditional photodynamic therapy system provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图9b是本发明实施例提供的传统光动力治疗系统的电子内镜进行治疗激光照射的图像；Fig. 9b is an image of therapeutic laser irradiation by the electronic endoscope of the traditional photodynamic therapy system provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图9c是本发明实施例提供的光动力治疗系统的电子内镜进行治疗激光照射的图像。Fig. 9c is an image of therapeutic laser irradiation by the electronic endoscope of the photodynamic therapy system provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.
下面先介绍本发明实施例中的技术方案的实现原理，如下：First introduce the realization principle of the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention below, as follows:
曝光及读出电子CCD或CMOS光学系统包含曝光阶段及读出阶段，其中，曝光阶段是指曝光成像阶段，且显示屏出现亮白一片的情况是由于在曝光阶段治疗激光的功率高导致电子CCD或CMOS光学系统中的探测器饱和。为了避免出现显示屏亮白一片的情况，可以考虑在电子CCD或CMOS光学系统的曝光阶段不输出治疗激光，而为了能够利用治疗激光对人体病变组织进行治疗，则可以在读出阶段输出治疗激光，因此，可以考虑将治疗激光的输出与电子CCD或CMOS光学系统的曝光阶段及读出阶段保持同步。此外，由于一个曝光阶段与一个读出阶段的周期非常短，对于医生的人眼观看来说，并不会出现组织图像闪烁的问题，本发明技术方案即是通过上述原理，在光动力治疗系统中增加光同步模块，使得不仅能够实现利用治疗激光治疗的目的，还能够实现组织图像的可视化。Exposure and readout The electronic CCD or CMOS optical system includes an exposure stage and a readout stage. The exposure stage refers to the exposure imaging stage, and the bright white of the display screen is due to the high power of the treatment laser in the exposure stage. Or detector saturation in CMOS optical systems. In order to avoid the situation where the display screen is bright and white, it can be considered not to output the therapeutic laser in the exposure stage of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system, and in order to be able to use the therapeutic laser to treat human diseased tissues, the therapeutic laser can be output in the readout stage , Therefore, it can be considered that the output of the therapeutic laser is synchronized with the exposure stage and the readout stage of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system. In addition, since the cycle of an exposure stage and a readout stage is very short, there is no problem of tissue image flickering for the doctor's human eyes. The optical synchronization module is added in the device, so that not only the purpose of using therapeutic laser therapy can be realized, but also the visualization of tissue images can be realized.
此外，为了方便医生从组织图像上确定治疗光斑边界，本发明技术方案还可以考虑在电子CCD或CMOS光学系统的曝光阶段输出瞬时治疗激光，在读出阶段持续输出治疗激光；由于在曝光阶段只是输出瞬时治疗激光，不会导致电子CCD或CMOS光学系统中的探测器饱和，所以不会出现显示屏亮白一片的情况；这样不仅能够实现利用治疗激光治疗的目的，还能够实现组织图像中包含治疗光斑边界。In addition, in order to facilitate the doctor to determine the treatment spot boundary from the tissue image, the technical solution of the present invention can also consider outputting the instantaneous treatment laser light in the exposure stage of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system, and continuously output the treatment laser light in the readout stage; The output of instantaneous therapeutic laser light will not cause saturation of the detector in the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system, so there will be no bright white screen; this will not only achieve the purpose of using therapeutic laser treatment, but also achieve tissue images containing Treats flare borders.
下面具体介绍这种具有可视化功能的光动力治疗系统，如图1-3所示，所述光动力治疗系统包括：光动力治疗激光系统、光同步模块和电子内镜系统；The photodynamic therapy system with visualization function is introduced in detail below, as shown in Figure 1-3, the photodynamic therapy system includes: a photodynamic therapy laser system, an optical synchronization module and an electronic endoscope system;
所述光动力治疗激光系统包括光动力治疗激光光源1和输出光纤2，所述光同步模块包括准直发射光路、斩波器304、准直接收光路及触发端口305；所述触发端口305与所述斩波器304连接，用于将电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013输出的曝光及读出时序信号传输给斩波器304；准直接收光路用于将光动力治疗激光光源1输出的治疗激光传输给斩波器304，斩波器304用于根据曝光及读出时序信号对治疗激光进行同步斩波调制，及将得到的同步脉冲治疗激光传输至准直发射光路，并从所述输出光纤2输出。The photodynamic therapy laser system includes a photodynamic therapy laser light source 1 and an output optical fiber 2, and the optical synchronization module includes a collimated emitting optical path, a chopper 304, a quasi-direct receiving optical path, and a trigger port 305; the trigger port 305 and The chopper 304 is connected to transmit the exposure and readout timing signals output by the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013 to the chopper 304; It is transmitted to the chopper 304, and the chopper 304 is used to perform synchronous chopping modulation on the therapeutic laser light according to the exposure and readout timing signals, and transmit the obtained synchronous pulse therapeutic laser light to the collimated emission optical path, and transmit it from the output optical fiber 2 outputs.
进一步地，所述准直接收光路包括依次连接的输入端301、第一光纤302及第一透镜303，输入端301与光动力治疗激光光源1连接，第一光纤302用于传输由输入端301输入的治疗激光；第一透镜303用于将治疗激光准直成平行光并输入至斩波器304。Further, the quasi-direct receiving path includes an input end 301, a first optical fiber 302 and a first lens 303 connected in sequence, the input end 301 is connected to the photodynamic therapy laser light source 1, and the first optical fiber 302 is used to transmit The input therapeutic laser light; the first lens 303 is used to collimate the therapeutic laser light into parallel light and input it to the chopper 304 .
进一步地，所述准直发射光路包括依次连接的第二透镜306、第二光纤307及连接器308，连接器308第二透镜306用于将斩波器304输出的脉冲治疗激光耦合并输出至第二光纤307，经由第二光纤307及连接器308输入所述输出光纤2，其中，所述连接器308通过光纤连接端201与所述输出光纤2连接。Further, the collimated emission path includes a second lens 306, a second optical fiber 307 and a connector 308 connected in sequence, and the connector 308 and the second lens 306 are used to couple the pulse therapeutic laser output from the chopper 304 and output it to The second optical fiber 307 is input to the output optical fiber 2 through the second optical fiber 307 and a connector 308 , wherein the connector 308 is connected to the output optical fiber 2 through the optical fiber connection end 201 .
具体地，所述光动力治疗激光光源1输出的治疗激光输出功率范围为0W-3W；所述输出光纤2为端面输出光纤或侧面输出光纤，所述侧面输出光纤的出光区域长度为10mm-200mm。Specifically, the therapeutic laser output power range of the photodynamic therapy laser light source 1 is 0W-3W; the output fiber 2 is an end face output fiber or a side output fiber, and the length of the light output area of the side output fiber is 10mm-200mm .
所述电子内镜系统包括电子内镜4、冷光源主机5、摄像主机6及内镜监视器7；所述电子内镜4适用于532nm，630nm等多种波段的治疗激光，所述电子内镜4包括软质内镜端部401、器械通道402、操作手柄403和数据接头404，具体如图4所示；如图5所示，所述软质内镜端部401的前端包括照明光出口4011和器械通道出口4012，还安装有电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013；所述输出光纤2由所述器械通道402穿入并从所述器械通道出口4012穿出，用于将同步脉冲治疗激光经由所述电子内镜输出至人体病变组织。The electronic endoscope system includes an electronic endoscope 4, a cold light source host 5, a camera host 6 and an endoscope monitor 7; the electronic endoscope 4 is suitable for therapeutic lasers of various wavebands such as 532nm and 630nm, and the electronic endoscope The mirror 4 includes a soft endoscope end 401, an instrument channel 402, an operating handle 403 and a data connector 404, as shown in Figure 4; as shown in Figure 5, the front end of the soft endoscope end 401 includes an illumination light The exit 4011 and the instrument channel exit 4012 are also equipped with an electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013; the output optical fiber 2 is passed through the instrument channel 402 and passed out from the instrument channel exit 4012 for synchronous pulse therapy laser It is output to human diseased tissue through the electronic endoscope.
具体地，所述器械通道402直径不大于5mm，所述软质内镜端部401的材料为软性材料，其前端可弯曲；在进行光动力治疗时，是将所述软质内镜端部401的前端导入人体，同步脉冲治疗激光从所述输出光纤2输出。Specifically, the diameter of the instrument channel 402 is not greater than 5mm, and the material of the soft endoscope end 401 is a soft material, and its front end can be bent; The front end of the part 401 is introduced into the human body, and the synchronous pulse therapeutic laser is output from the output optical fiber 2 .
具体地，所述冷光源主机5通过所述数据接头404与所述电子内镜4连接，用于提供照明光源；更具体地，所述冷光源主机5提供的照明光源从照明光入口(图中未示出)输入所述电子内镜4后，从所述照明光出口4011输出，所述照明光入口和照明光出口4011之间通过光纤传输照明光。Specifically, the cold light source host 5 is connected to the electronic endoscope 4 through the data connector 404 to provide an illumination light source; (not shown in ) is input into the electronic endoscope 4, and then output from the illuminating light outlet 4011, and the illuminating light is transmitted between the illuminating light entrance and the illuminating light outlet 4011 through an optical fiber.
具体地，本发明实施例提供的电子内镜4有两个照明光出口4011。Specifically, the electronic endoscope 4 provided by the embodiment of the present invention has two illumination light outlets 4011 .
进一步地，所述电子内镜中的电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013通过数据接头与所述光同步模块中的触发端口连接，用于将所述电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013输出的曝光及读出时序信号通过触发端口加载到斩波器，从而控制所述斩波器在电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013曝光阶段隔断光路或瞬时接通光路，在读出阶段持续接通光路，从而产生同步脉冲治疗激光。Further, the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013 in the electronic endoscope is connected to the trigger port in the optical synchronization module through a data connector, for exposing and reading out the output of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013 The timing signal is loaded to the chopper through the trigger port, so as to control the chopper to cut off the optical path or turn on the optical path instantaneously during the exposure stage of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013, and to continuously turn on the optical path during the readout stage, thereby generating synchronous pulse treatment laser.
进一步地，若斩波器304在电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013曝光阶段隔断光路，在读出阶段持续接通光路，则所述电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013在曝光阶段接收反射或散射回来的照明光，并记录第一组织图像数据，在读出阶段，有治疗激光、照明光输出至人体病变组织，然而由于在读出阶段是图像数据读出的过程，并未涉及到图像数据记录，即使治疗激光的功率大，也不会造成电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013中的电子CCD或CMOS探测器饱和，且在读出阶段，将曝光阶段记录的组织图像数据传送到摄像主机形成组织图像，以得到不具有治疗光斑边界的第一组织图像；通过上述曝光阶段和读出阶段的相互交替，在利用治疗激光进行治疗的基础上，可以实现组织图像的可视化。Further, if the chopper 304 cuts off the optical path during the exposure stage of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013, and continuously connects the optical path during the readout stage, then the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013 receives reflected or scattered illumination during the exposure stage light, and record the image data of the first tissue. In the readout stage, therapeutic laser light and illumination light are output to human diseased tissues. However, since the readout stage is the process of image data readout, image data recording is not involved, even The power of the treatment laser is large, and it will not cause saturation of the electronic CCD or CMOS detector in the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013, and in the readout stage, the tissue image data recorded in the exposure stage is sent to the camera host to form a tissue image to The first tissue image without treatment spot boundary is obtained; through the above-mentioned alternation of the exposure phase and the readout phase, on the basis of treatment with the treatment laser, the visualization of the tissue image can be realized.
若斩波器304在电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013曝光阶段瞬时接通光路，在读出阶段持续接通光路，则所述电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013在曝光阶段接收反射或散射回来的照明光和瞬时治疗激光，并记录第二组织图像数据，然而由于在曝光阶段接收的瞬时治疗激光在整个曝光阶段的平均功率很低，并不足以造成电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013中的电子CCD或CMOS探测器饱和；在读出阶段，有治疗激光、照明光输出至人体病变组织，而读出阶段是图像数据读出的过程，并未涉及到图像数据记录，即使治疗激光的功率大，也不会造成电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013中的电子CCD或CMOS探测器饱和，且在读出阶段，将曝光阶段记录的组织图像数据传送到摄像主机形成组织图像，及根据曝光阶段接收的瞬时治疗激光实时提取治疗光斑边界，以得到具有治疗光斑边界的第二组织图像。通过上述曝光阶段和读出阶段的相互交替，在利用治疗激光进行治疗的基础上，不仅可以实现组织图像的可视化，且可得到具有治疗光斑边界的组织图像。If the chopper 304 switches on the optical path instantaneously during the exposure stage of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013, and continuously connects the optical path during the readout stage, then the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013 receives reflected or scattered illumination light during the exposure stage and the instantaneous therapeutic laser, and record the second tissue image data, however, because the average power of the instantaneous therapeutic laser received in the exposure stage in the entire exposure stage is very low, it is not enough to cause the electronic CCD or CMOS in the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013 The detector is saturated; in the readout stage, the therapeutic laser and illumination light are output to the human diseased tissue, and the readout stage is the process of image data readout, which does not involve image data recording. Even if the power of the therapeutic laser is high, it will not It will cause the electronic CCD or CMOS detector in the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013 to be saturated, and in the readout phase, the tissue image data recorded in the exposure phase is transmitted to the camera host to form a tissue image, and according to the instantaneous therapeutic laser light received in the exposure phase The boundary of the treatment spot is extracted in real time to obtain the second tissue image with the boundary of the treatment spot. Through the above-mentioned alternation of the exposure stage and the readout stage, not only the visualization of the tissue image can be realized but also the tissue image with the boundary of the treatment spot can be obtained on the basis of the treatment with the treatment laser.
所述电子内镜系统还包括内镜监视器7，所述内镜监视器7用于显示无治疗光斑边界的第一组织图像，或用于显示具有治疗光斑边界的第二组织图像。The electronic endoscope system further includes an endoscope monitor 7, which is used for displaying the first tissue image without the treatment spot boundary, or for displaying the second tissue image with the treatment spot boundary.
具体地，电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013的直径不大于5mm，所述CCD或CMOS的芯片尺寸≤1/4″，所述CCD或CMOS的有效像素不小于48万，所述CCD或CMOS的镜头视场角不小于100°。Specifically, the diameter of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013 is not greater than 5mm, the chip size of the CCD or CMOS is ≤1/4", the effective pixels of the CCD or CMOS are not less than 480,000, and the lens of the CCD or CMOS The field of view is not less than 100°.
具体地，所述摄像主机6与所述内镜监视器7连接，且通过所述数据接头404与所述电子内镜4连接；更具体地，所述摄像主机6通过所述数据接头404与所述电子内镜4的电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013连接；所述摄像主机6用于根据所述电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013获取的第一组织图像数据生成无治疗光斑边界的第一组织图像，并将所述无治疗光斑边界的第一组织图像发送给所述内镜监视器7；或所述摄像主机6用于根据所述电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013获取的第二组织图像数据生成具有治疗光斑边界的第二组织图像，并将所述具有治疗光斑边界的第二组织图像发送给所述内镜监视器；所述内镜监视器7用于显示无治疗光斑边界的第一组织图像或用于显示具有治疗光斑边界的第二组织图像。Specifically, the camera host 6 is connected to the endoscope monitor 7, and is connected to the electronic endoscope 4 through the data connector 404; more specifically, the camera host 6 is connected to the electronic endoscope 4 through the data connector 404. The electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013 of the electronic endoscope 4 is connected; the camera host 6 is used to generate the first tissue image without treatment spot boundary according to the first tissue image data obtained by the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013 , and send the first tissue image without treatment spot boundary to the endoscope monitor 7; or the camera host 6 is used to generate the second tissue image data acquired by the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013 There is a second tissue image with a treatment spot boundary, and the second tissue image with a treatment spot boundary is sent to the endoscope monitor; the endoscope monitor 7 is used to display the first tissue without a treatment spot boundary image or for displaying a second tissue image with treatment spot boundaries.
进一步的，在本发明实施例中，该光动力治疗系统还可以包括模式选择开关，用于切换非光动力治疗模式和光动力治疗模式，其中，非光动力治疗模式是指不启动光动力治疗激光系统及光同步模块工作，电子内镜系统中的电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013接收反射或散射回来的照明光并进行成像，仅能得到组织图像，且该组织图像没有治疗光斑边界，通常该种模式用于医生对人体病变组织进行查看。其中，光动力治疗模式是指光动力治疗激光系统及光同步模块工作，输出至人体病变组织的包含脉冲治疗激光及照明光，而在这种情况下，又包含两种情况，在能进行激光治疗的前提下，显示无治疗光斑边界的第一组织图像或显示具有治疗光斑边界的第二组织图像。Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the photodynamic therapy system may also include a mode selection switch for switching between the non-photodynamic therapy mode and the photodynamic therapy mode, wherein the non-photodynamic therapy mode refers to not starting the photodynamic therapy laser When the system and the optical synchronization module work, the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013 in the electronic endoscope system receives the reflected or scattered illumination light and performs imaging. Only tissue images can be obtained, and the tissue images do not have treatment spot boundaries. The mode is used for doctors to view human diseased tissues. Among them, the photodynamic therapy mode means that the photodynamic therapy laser system and the optical synchronization module work, and the output to the human diseased tissue includes pulse therapy laser and illumination light, and in this case, it includes two situations. On the premise of treatment, display the first tissue image without treatment spot boundary or display the second tissue image with treatment spot boundary.
下面介绍在光动力治疗模式下存在的两种情况：显示不具有治疗光斑边界的第一组织图像或显示具有治疗光斑边界的第二组织图像。Two situations in the photodynamic therapy mode are introduced below: displaying a first tissue image without a treatment spot boundary or displaying a second tissue image with a treatment spot boundary.
下面先介绍在光动力治疗模式下显示无治疗光斑边界的第一组织图像的情况：这种情况下，光动力治疗激光光源和输出光纤通过光同步模块连接，利用光同步模块提供同步的脉冲治疗激光；具体地，所述光动力治疗激光光源输出的治疗激光由准直接收光路输入并准直成平行光，经斩波器的转轮进行同步斩波调制，产生同步光脉冲，再经准直发射光路进入输出光纤，并从所述输出光纤输出同步脉冲治疗激光。图6a示出了电子CCD或CMOS光学系统的CCD或CMOS芯片的曝光及读出时序信号，其中，高电平对应曝光阶段，低电平对应读出阶段，该时序信号通过触发端口305加载到光同步模块3,控制斩波器304的转轮同步阻断或接通光路；如图6b示出了斩波器对治疗激光输出光路的阻断和接通时序信号，其中，低电平对应斩波器的光路阻断，高电平对应斩波器的光路接通，产生同步输出光脉冲；如图6c示出了治疗激光输出光路有光输出和无光输出时序信号，其中，高电平对应有光输出，低电平对应无光输出。输出光纤2由器械通道402穿入并从器械通道出口4012穿出，从而使同步脉冲治疗激光经由电子内镜4输出至人体病变组织。如图7所示为利用电子内镜对胃部8进行检测治疗的示意图，电子内镜采用电子CCD或CMOS光学系统4013，电子CCD或CMOS光学系统接收在曝光阶段反射或散射回来的照明光，并根据所述照明光实时获取治疗过程中的第一组织图像数据，内镜监视器显示无治疗光斑边界的第一组织图像。这种CCD或CMOS芯片曝光与治疗激光照射交替的工作模式，可达到光动力治疗过程中可视的效果，而且不存在滤光技术引入的色偏问题，同时，该技术对于任何波长的治疗激光都适用，不像滤光技术，针对不同的治疗激光需要更换不同光谱参数的电子CCD或CMOS光学系统。The following first introduces the situation of displaying the first tissue image without the treatment spot boundary in the photodynamic therapy mode: in this case, the photodynamic therapy laser light source and the output optical fiber are connected through the optical synchronization module, and the optical synchronization module is used to provide synchronous pulse therapy Laser; specifically, the therapeutic laser output by the photodynamic therapy laser light source is input by the quasi-direct light receiving path and collimated into parallel light, and is synchronously chopped and modulated by the rotor of the chopper to generate synchronous light pulses, and then passed through the collimator The direct emitting optical path enters the output optical fiber, and the synchronous pulse therapeutic laser is output from the output optical fiber. Figure 6a shows the exposure and readout sequence signals of the CCD or CMOS chip of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system, wherein, the high level corresponds to the exposure stage, and the low level corresponds to the readout stage, and the sequence signal is loaded to the The optical synchronization module 3 controls the chopper 304 to synchronously block or connect the optical path; FIG. The optical path of the chopper is blocked, and the high level corresponds to the connection of the optical path of the chopper to generate synchronous output optical pulses; Fig. Level corresponds to light output, low level corresponds to no light output. The output optical fiber 2 penetrates through the instrument channel 402 and exits through the instrument channel outlet 4012 , so that the synchronous pulse therapeutic laser is output to the diseased tissue of the human body through the electronic endoscope 4 . As shown in FIG. 7 , it is a schematic diagram of detecting and treating the stomach 8 with an electronic endoscope. The electronic endoscope adopts an electronic CCD or CMOS optical system 4013, and the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system receives the illumination light reflected or scattered back during the exposure stage. The first tissue image data during the treatment process is acquired in real time according to the illumination light, and the endoscope monitor displays the first tissue image without treatment spot boundaries. This CCD or CMOS chip exposure and therapeutic laser irradiation alternate working mode can achieve the visible effect in the process of photodynamic therapy, and there is no color shift problem introduced by filter technology. At the same time, this technology is suitable for any wavelength of therapeutic laser All are applicable, unlike the filter technology, it is necessary to replace the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system with different spectral parameters for different therapeutic lasers.
下面再介绍在光动力治疗模式下显示具有治疗光斑边界的第二组织图像的情况：这种情况下，如图8a-8c所示，为了在光动力治疗过程中组织图像可视的基础上，进一步实现治疗激光光斑边界可见，本发明提出了△t参数方法，△t＝t0-t2,t0是电子CCD或CMOS光学系统的CCD或CMOS芯片的曝光时间，t2是光动力治疗激光系统的光路阻断时间，△t是曝光时间与光路接通时间的重叠时间。当0.5t0≥△t>0时，表示在电子CCD或CMOS光学系统曝光阶段的最后△t时间瞬时接通光路，所述输出光纤在曝光阶段输出瞬时治疗激光；CCD或CMOS芯片获取的图像信息既包含治疗激光信息，又不饱和，通过控制△t的大小，可以控制每幅图像中记录的治疗激光的能量，通过治疗激光的强度分布，识别光斑照射区域，并利用伪彩显示治疗激光光斑边界线，而且可以同时显示治疗激光强度的三维曲线，用于直观显示治疗激光在组织上的强度分布，有利于控制提高治疗激光剂量，提高疗效。另外，当△t≤0时，表示在光动力治疗模式下显示无治疗光斑边界的第一组织图像的情况。The following describes the situation of displaying the second tissue image with the treatment spot boundary in the photodynamic therapy mode: in this case, as shown in Figures 8a-8c, in order to make the tissue image visible during the photodynamic therapy process, To further realize the visible boundary of the treatment laser spot, the present invention proposes a Δt parameter method, Δt=t0 -t2 , t0 is the exposure time of the CCD or CMOS chip of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system, and t2 is the photodynamic therapy The optical path blocking time of the laser system, Δt is the overlapping time of the exposure time and the optical path switching time. When 0.5t0 ≥ Δt>0, it means that the optical path is instantaneously connected at the last Δt time of the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system exposure stage, and the output optical fiber outputs instantaneous therapeutic laser light during the exposure stage; the image acquired by the CCD or CMOS chip The information contains both the treatment laser information and is not saturated. By controlling the size of △t, the energy of the treatment laser recorded in each image can be controlled. Through the intensity distribution of the treatment laser, the spot irradiation area can be identified, and the treatment laser can be displayed with pseudo-color The boundary line of the spot can also display the three-dimensional curve of the treatment laser intensity at the same time, which is used to visually display the intensity distribution of the treatment laser on the tissue, which is beneficial to control and increase the treatment laser dose and improve the curative effect. In addition, when Δt≤0, it means that the first tissue image without treatment spot boundary is displayed in the photodynamic therapy mode.
如图9a-9c所示，图9a为传统光动力治疗系统的电子内镜进行治疗激光照射前的图像，图9b为传统光动力治疗系统的电子内镜进行治疗激光照射的图像，图9c为本专利提供的斩波器在曝光阶段瞬时接通光路的情况下，光动力治疗系统的电子内镜进行治疗激光照射的图像。As shown in Figures 9a-9c, Figure 9a is the image before the electronic endoscope of the traditional photodynamic therapy system is irradiated with therapeutic laser light, Figure 9b is the image of the electronic endoscope of the traditional photodynamic therapy system undergoing therapeutic laser irradiation, and Figure 9c is When the chopper provided by this patent is connected to the optical path instantaneously in the exposure stage, the electronic endoscope of the photodynamic therapy system performs the image of therapeutic laser irradiation.
本发明提供的一种具有可视化功能的光动力治疗系统，若电子CCD或CMOS光学系统在曝光阶段因光路隔断而没有接收到反射或散射回来的治疗激光时，可实现光动力治疗过程中组织图像可视；若在曝光阶段接收到反射或散射回来的瞬时治疗激光时，则电子CCD或CMOS光学系统获取的图像信息既包含治疗激光信息，又不饱和，这样不仅可为医生实时提供组织图像，而且组织图像中还实时显示治疗光斑边界，从而实现光动力治疗过程中图像逼真可视，并使医生能直观看见治疗光斑位置与病变组织的位置关系，避免医生凭经验的盲操作，提高治疗效果，并避免过度照射、照射不足或照射不准等问题。The present invention provides a photodynamic therapy system with visualization function. If the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system does not receive the reflected or scattered therapeutic laser light during the exposure stage due to the interruption of the optical path, it can realize tissue images during the photodynamic therapy process. Visible; if the reflected or scattered instantaneous therapeutic laser light is received during the exposure stage, the image information obtained by the electronic CCD or CMOS optical system contains both therapeutic laser information and is not saturated, which not only provides tissue images for doctors in real time, Moreover, the tissue image also displays the treatment spot boundary in real time, so as to realize the realistic and visual image during photodynamic therapy, and enable the doctor to intuitively see the position relationship between the treatment spot position and the diseased tissue, avoiding the blind operation of the doctor based on experience, and improving the treatment effect , and avoid problems such as over-irradiation, under-irradiation or inaccurate irradiation.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710219703.7ACN107088266A (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2017-04-06 | Photodynamic therapy system with visualization function |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710219703.7ACN107088266A (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2017-04-06 | Photodynamic therapy system with visualization function |
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| CN107088266Atrue CN107088266A (en) | 2017-08-25 |
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| CN201710219703.7APendingCN107088266A (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2017-04-06 | Photodynamic therapy system with visualization function |
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