Unmanned aerial vehicle water sample collection methodTechnical Field
The invention belongs to the field of unmanned aerial vehicles, relates to unmanned aerial vehicle application, and in particular relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle water sample collection method.
Background
With the rapid development of domestic economy, environmental protection is becoming more and more important, and environmental monitoring protection on water resources is a serious issue. The water sample collection of the water area is an important work task of water resource environment monitoring work, and a renter is required to travel to the central position of the water area in the past, and a water taking barrel is manually thrown into water for water sample collection. But this approach has the problems of inconvenience, inefficiency, and inaccuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle water sample collection method, which aims to overcome the technical defects existing in the existing water sample collection process.
The unmanned aerial vehicle water sample collection method comprises the following steps:
step 1, setting a water area coordinate, a flight route and flight parameters of a flight destination for an unmanned aerial vehicle; the unmanned aerial vehicle flies to a destination according to the set parameters; or the ground remote control is used for directly flying to a destination;
step 2, hovering the unmanned aerial vehicle, driving the hub to rotate according to a preset instruction or a received remote control instruction, putting down the water collector, and determining the falling height of the water collector by a hub rotating thread;
step 3, stopping rotation of the hub until the water collector collects water samples, driving the hub to rotate reversely by the water collecting system, and pulling the water collector out of the water surface to be recovered; and returning the unmanned aerial vehicle to the departure place or the detection destination according to the preset route.
Preferably, the flight parameters instep 1 include a flight speed and a flight altitude.
Preferably and lowering the water intake to the calculated drop height.
Preferably, in thestep 3, the rotation thread of the hub when the water collector is recovered is identical to the rotation thread when the water collector is discharged in thestep 2.
Preferably, in the process of collecting a water sample by the unmanned aerial vehicle, the whole process is collected by a camera and is transmitted back to an image in real time.
Preferably, in thestep 3, the method further includes a safety control process, where the safety control process is: and the water taking system automatically returns after completing the recovery thread according to the setting.
Preferably, in thestep 3, the method further includes a safety control process, where the safety control process is: be provided with the pinch-off device on unmanned aerial vehicle, when water intaking system drive concentrator reversal, detect that the water intaking ware can't normally be retrieved, then remote control or according to the judgement standard that sets for in advance start the pinch-off device and cut off the water intaking ware and go up the link, the judgement standard that sets for in advance is: the motor does not rotate after receiving the recycling instruction.
Preferably, the water collector comprises a flexible suction pipe wound on the hub and a suction pump connected with one end of the flexible suction pipe and arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the other end of the flexible suction pipe is connected with a counterweight with density greater than that of water; the water sample collection by the water collector in thestep 3 is specifically as follows: when one end of the flexible suction pipe, on which the counterweight is hung, sinks below the water surface, the suction pump is started to suck water back to the unmanned aerial vehicle through the suction pipe.
The unmanned aerial vehicle water sample collection method provided by the invention has the following advantages:
firstly, an unmanned aerial vehicle is adopted to collect water samples, so that the speed is high and the efficiency is high; the unmanned aerial vehicle flies directly above the target water area, and is not restricted by environmental conditions such as topography, wide water surface, aquatic weed growth and the like.
Secondly, remote unmanned aerial vehicle control can be realized, workers do not need to face the water bank or other complex terrain areas, and personal safety is greatly ensured; and can realize accurate fixed point water intaking, provide effective guarantee for long-term monitoring data's contrast analysis.
Thirdly, the automation degree of water collection operation is high, and the method is simple and efficient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a water collecting system of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a water collecting system of the present invention, wherein the reference numerals of the drawings are 1-unmanned aerial vehicle, 2-water collecting system, 3-ground station and 4-remote controller; 21-controller, 22-image acquisition transmission system, 23-concentrator, 24-battery, 25-motor, 5-water sampler.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The unmanned aerial vehicle water sample collection method comprises the following steps:
step 1, setting a water area coordinate, a flight route and flight parameters of a flight destination for an unmanned aerial vehicle; the unmanned aerial vehicle flies to a destination according to the set parameters; flight parameters generally include flight speed, flight altitude, and the like.
And 2, hovering the unmanned aerial vehicle, driving the hub to rotate according to a preset instruction or a received remote control instruction, putting down the water collector, and determining the falling height of the water collector by a rotating thread of the hub.
After the unmanned aerial vehicle flies to the upper air of the appointed coordinate, the water collector is put down, and the falling height of the water collector is generally determined according to the water level, the flying height of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the depth required by water collection. The motor drives the hub to rotate, the rotation number of the hub is calculated and controlled, and the falling height of the water collector can be controlled.
Step 3, stopping rotation of the hub until the water collector collects water samples, driving the hub to rotate reversely by the water collecting system, and pulling the water collector out of the water surface to be recovered; and returning the unmanned aerial vehicle to the departure place or the detection destination according to the preset route.
The recovery thread of the water collector is generally the same as the thread length when the water collector is lowered, and the hub is reversed to recover the water collector to the original position.
The whole operation process can be realized by remote control, and when the remote control is realized, the image acquisition andtransmission system 22 can be installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the flight video information and the water acquisition working information of the unmanned aerial vehicle are acquired in real time, the acquired images are transmitted back to theground station 3 or theremote controller 4 in real time, and an operator carries out corresponding control operation on the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly, hover, acquire water, recover and the like according to the images. The singlechip can also be arranged in the water taking system and realized by programming according to a preset program.
In fig. 2, a specific embodiment of the water intake system according to the present invention is shown, the water intake system includes acontroller 21, abattery 24 located below the controller and supplying power to the controller and the motor, and amotor 25 and a hub mounted below the battery, wherein a power output shaft of the motor is connected to a rotating shaft of thehub 23, and a winding wire on the hub is connected to thewater intake device 5 suspended below the hub.
When the unmanned aerial vehicle is used, the unmanned aerial vehicle is controlled to fly to the upper air of the target water area and then begins to hover; then the controller of the water taking system pays out the water by the motor driving hub according to a preset program or according to a ground remote controller instruction, the water taking device tied on the winding wire is put into the water from the high altitude, and after the water taking device reaches the underwater designated depth, the controller controls the motor to stop rotating; then the controller controls the motor to reversely rotate to drive the hub to take up the water, the water taking device is pulled out of the water surface, and the water returns to the unmanned plane; then the unmanned aerial vehicle executes an automatic return and automatic landing program to bring back the sampled water sample, and the descending and ascending of the water collector are realized by adopting a forward rotation and reverse rotation mode of the concentrator, so that the motor control is conveniently realized; in order to keep the unmanned aerial vehicle stable in flying and hovering in the process of flying and water collection, a heavier water sample collecting device is arranged at the geometric center projection positions of a plurality of rotors; four or six rotors are generally provided so that unmanned aerial vehicles moving in any direction are not susceptible to the gravity of the water collector.
Another arrangement mode for the water collector is as follows: the water taking device comprises a flexible suction pipe wound on the hub and a suction pump connected with one end of the flexible suction pipe and arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the other end of the flexible suction pipe is connected with a counterweight with density greater than that of water; the counter weight may be a metal ring or a metal tube attached to the end of the flexible straw, etc. The water sample collection by the water collector in thestep 3 is specifically as follows: when one end of the flexible suction pipe, on which the counterweight is hung, sinks below the water surface, the suction pump is started to suck water back to the unmanned aerial vehicle through the suction pipe. The water sucking mode can control the water sucking quantity by controlling the working time of the suction pump, can realize quantitative water sampling and reduce the load of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
The invention is provided with a safety control process for ensuring the safe fly-back of the unmanned plane when being wound by underwater or water objects in the water taking process of the water taking device. The safety control process comprises the following steps: be provided with the pinch-off device on unmanned aerial vehicle, when water intaking system drive concentrator reversal, detect that the water intaking ware can't normally be retrieved, then remote control or according to the judgement standard that sets for in advance start the pinch-off device and cut off the water intaking ware and go up the link, the judgement standard that sets for in advance is: the motor does not rotate after receiving the recycling instruction; or a safety knot is connected in series on the hub, when the water taking system drives the hub to rotate reversely, the safety knot breaks when the stress of the safety knot is larger than a threshold value, and the water taking system automatically returns after finishing the recovery thread according to the setting.
The unmanned aerial vehicle water sample collection method provided by the invention has the following advantages:
firstly, an unmanned aerial vehicle is adopted to collect water samples, so that the speed is high and the efficiency is high; the unmanned aerial vehicle flies directly above the target water area, and is not restricted by environmental conditions such as topography, wide water surface, aquatic weed growth and the like.
Secondly, remote unmanned aerial vehicle control can be realized, workers do not need to face the water bank or other complex terrain areas, and personal safety is greatly ensured; and can realize accurate fixed point water intaking, provide effective guarantee for long-term monitoring data's contrast analysis.
Thirdly, the automation degree of water collection operation is high, and the method is simple and efficient.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is not obvious contradiction or on the premise of a certain preferred embodiment, but all the preferred embodiments can be used in any overlapped combination, and the embodiments and specific parameters in the embodiments are only for clearly describing the invention verification process of the inventor and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is still subject to the claims, and all equivalent structural changes made by applying the specification and the content of the drawings of the present invention are included in the scope of the invention.