A kind of tomato fertilizer and preparation method thereofTechnical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of tomato fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The a large amount of of chemical fertilizer are used so that soil environment deteriorates in tomato cultivation, and soil with organic matter content declines, all kinds ofNutrients ratio lack of proper care, soil start acidifying, it is hardened, the physicochemical character and soil microflora of soil are led by heavy damageCause its water conservation, fertilizer conservation, poor air permeability, it is difficult to meet the actual growth needs of tomato, the tomato disease resistance planted is weak, yieldLow and poor quality.
Chemical fertilizer is applied behind farmland, and practical efficiency averagely only has 30 ﹪, it is most of with agricultural drain flow into rivers and lakes orResidue in soil and plant and crops body, not only bring environmental pollution, and jeopardize the life security and health of the mankind, togetherShi Huafei cost is high, and financial burden is brought to the peasant household for being engaged in tomato cultivation.
These all become the obstacle of tomato sustainability green and healthy development, and the above situation can have by applyingMachine fertilizer is improved.
The content of the invention
In order to the tomato for solving existing application chemical fertilizer has that disease resistance is weak, yield poorly and poor quality, and chemical fertilizer makesThe problem of with soil, harm human health and high cost is deteriorated, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of tomato fertilizer and its preparationMethod, obtained tomato fertilizer have improved soil, beneficial human health, cost low and the tomato disease resistance that cultivates it is strong,High and quality better the advantage of yield.
The invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of tomato fertilizer, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：80-100 parts of decayed fruit, 30-50 parts of poultry-dung, corn8-10 parts of core, 5-25 parts of peanut shell, 10-20 parts of turf, 5-15 parts of gangue, 7-11 parts of perlite, 10-14 parts of phosphoric acid diamines,18-22 parts of potassium chloride, 9-13 parts of strain powder, 6-12 parts of bentonite, 9-15 parts of peameal, 3-5 parts of zeolite powder, attapulgite 13-2-8 parts of 21 parts, 2-8 parts of peat, 20-40 parts of rice straw and Soybean Meal.
It with the addition of in raw material in poultry-dung, poultry-dung containing needed for abundant organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and tomato growthA variety of minerals and the trace element such as calcium, magnesium, sulphur, these nutrients disclosure satisfy that during tomato growth to a variety of nutrientsNeed, poultry-dung is collected simply and conveniently, and cost is low.
Added in raw material and contain sugar, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre and mineral matter in corncob, corncob.
With the addition of in raw material in peanut shell, peanut shell containing crude protein, fat, crude fibre, soluble-carbohydrate,Calcium, phosphorus, vitamin and mineral, with very strong water imbibition, the fertilizer made together with excrement doping can make soil pineIt is soft, not hardened, it is effectively protected soil texture.
It with the addition of in raw material and nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, manganese be rich in turf, turf, be a kind of sterile, nontoxic, pollution-free and nothingThe pure natural organic matter of residual, it is possible to increase the development quality and survival rate of tomato seedling, and improved soil, improves soilWater holding, ventilation and fertilizer-preserving ability.
It with the addition of in raw material in gangue, gangue containing silicon, aluminium, calcium, magnesium, the oxide of iron and micro rare element.
Perlite is with the addition of in raw material, perlite can improve soil hardening, prevent tomato from falling to help, control fertilizer efficiency.
Strain powder is with the addition of in raw material, strain powder has potassium decomposing, phosphorus decomposing, improves tomato disease resistance, promote tomato growth, protectProtect the effect of tomato seedling.
It with the addition of in raw material and contain silica, alundum (Al2O3), iron, magnesium, calcium, sodium and potassium in bentonite, bentonite.
Zeolite powder is with the addition of in raw material, zeolite surface is coarse and with loose structure, makes it have higher carrying capability,Other raw material absorption can not only be allowed on its surface, and can also be adsorbed onto in duct, the utilizability of raw material is improved, significantlyImprove the mixing uniformity of fertilizer.
Preferably, the raw material of following parts by weight is included：90 parts of decayed fruit, 40 parts of poultry-dung, 9 parts of corncob, peanut shell15 parts, 15 parts of turf, 10 parts of gangue, 9 parts of perlite, 12 parts of phosphoric acid diamines, 20 parts of potassium chloride, 11 parts of strain powder, bentonite 9Part, 12 parts of peameal, 4 parts of zeolite powder, 17 parts of attapulgite, 5 parts of peat, 30 parts of rice straw and 5 parts of Soybean Meal.
Preferably, the one or more in rotten apple, rotten pears, rotten banana and rotten orange during the decayed fruit is.
Preferably, one in saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and bacillus subtilis during the strain powder isPlant or several.
A kind of preparation method of tomato fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
(1) raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of tomato fertilizer material；
(2) corncob and peanut shell are put into pulverizer and crushed, produce crushed material；
(3) by the crushed material in step (2), decayed fruit, poultry-dung, turf, strain powder, bentonite, peameal, bumpsRod soil, peat, rice straw and Soybean Meal are well mixed, are fermented, produce fermentation material；
It is (4) fermentation material in step (3), zeolite powder, gangue, perlite, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium chloride is well mixed,Produce compound；
(5) compound in step (4) is granulated, dried, produce graininess tomato fertilizer.
Preferably, the pulverizer in the step (2) is ultrafine crusher, and ultrafine crusher has that function is complete, structure is tightGather, technical performance stabilization, efficiency high, do not produced the characteristics of crushing, adjustable powder fineness and easy maintenance.
Preferably, the granulation in the step (5) is granulates using Flat die granulator, Flat die granulator have energy consumption it is low,Granulate that quality is good, bearing capacity strong, service life length and the low advantage of cost.
Preferably, the drying in the step (5) is dries using Double-barrel drying machine, and Double-barrel drying machine drying has thermal effectRate is high, energy-efficient, compact conformation, insulation and material exchange more fully advantage with heat smoke.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the present invention solves the tomato of existing application chemical fertilizer and exists that disease resistance is weak, yield poorly and poor quality, Yi JihuaThe problem of use of fertilizer deteriorates soil, harm human health and high cost.
2nd, with the addition of in raw material of the invention in poultry-dung, poultry-dung containing abundant organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and kindA variety of minerals and the trace element such as calcium, magnesium, sulphur needed for eggplant growth, these nutrients disclosure satisfy that right during tomato growthThe need for a variety of nutrients, poultry-dung is collected simply and conveniently, and cost is low.
3rd, added in raw material of the invention and contain sugar, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre and mineral in corncob, corncobMatter.
4th, it with the addition of in raw material of the invention and contain crude protein, fat, crude fibre, solubility in peanut shell, peanut shellCarbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus, vitamin and mineral, with very strong water imbibition, the fertilizer energy made together with excrement dopingEnough make soil soft, not hardened, be effectively protected soil texture.
5th, with the addition of in raw material of the invention and nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, manganese be rich in turf, turf, be it is a kind of it is sterile, nontoxic,The pure natural organic matter of pollution-free and noresidue, it is possible to increase the development quality and survival rate of tomato seedling, and improved soil,Improve water holding, ventilation and the fertilizer-preserving ability of soil.
6th, it with the addition of in raw material of the invention in gangue, gangue containing silicon, aluminium, calcium, magnesium, the oxide of iron and microRare element.
7th, perlite is with the addition of in raw material of the invention, perlite can improve soil hardening, prevent tomato from falling to help, controlFertilizer efficiency.
8th, strain powder is with the addition of in raw material of the invention, strain powder has potassium decomposing, phosphorus decomposing, improves tomato disease resistance, promotesTomato growth, the effect for protecting tomato seedling.
9th, with the addition of in raw material of the invention in bentonite, bentonite containing silica, alundum (Al2O3), iron, magnesium,Calcium, sodium and potassium.
10th, zeolite powder is with the addition of in raw material of the invention, zeolite surface is coarse and with loose structure, makes it have higherCarrying capability, the absorption of other raw materials can not only be allowed on its surface, and can also be adsorbed onto in duct, that improves raw material canUsability, significantly improves the mixing uniformity of fertilizer.
11st, rotten apple, rotten pears, rotten banana during heretofore described decayed fruit is and one kind or several in rotten orangeKind.
12nd, in saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and the bacillus subtilis during heretofore described strain powder isOne or more.
13rd, the pulverizer in heretofore described step (2) is ultrafine crusher, and ultrafine crusher has that function is complete, knotStructure is compact, technical performance is stable, efficiency high, do not produced the characteristics of crushing, adjustable powder fineness and easy maintenance.
14th, the granulation in heretofore described step (5) is granulates using Flat die granulator, and Flat die granulator has energy consumptionIt is low, quality is good for granulation, bearing capacity is strong, service life length and the low advantage of cost.
15th, the drying in heretofore described step (5) is dries using Double-barrel drying machine, and Double-barrel drying machine drying hasThe thermal efficiency is high, energy-efficient, compact conformation, insulation and material exchange more fully advantage with heat smoke.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of tomato fertilizer, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：90 parts of decayed fruit, 40 parts of poultry-dung, 9 parts of corncob,15 parts of peanut shell, 15 parts of turf, 10 parts of gangue, 9 parts of perlite, 12 parts of phosphoric acid diamines, 20 parts of potassium chloride, 11 parts of strain powder,9 parts of bentonite, 12 parts of peameal, 4 parts of zeolite powder, 17 parts of attapulgite, 5 parts of peat, 30 parts of rice straw and Soybean Meal 5Part.
It with the addition of in raw material in poultry-dung, poultry-dung containing needed for abundant organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and tomato growthA variety of minerals and the trace element such as calcium, magnesium, sulphur, these nutrients disclosure satisfy that during tomato growth to a variety of nutrientsNeed, poultry-dung is collected simply and conveniently, and cost is low.
Added in raw material and contain sugar, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre and mineral matter in corncob, corncob.
With the addition of in raw material in peanut shell, peanut shell containing crude protein, fat, crude fibre, soluble-carbohydrate,Calcium, phosphorus, vitamin and mineral, with very strong water imbibition, the fertilizer made together with excrement doping can make soil pineIt is soft, not hardened, it is effectively protected soil texture.
It with the addition of in raw material and nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, manganese be rich in turf, turf, be a kind of sterile, nontoxic, pollution-free and nothingThe pure natural organic matter of residual, it is possible to increase the development quality and survival rate of tomato seedling, and improved soil, improves soilWater holding, ventilation and fertilizer-preserving ability.
It with the addition of in raw material in gangue, gangue containing silicon, aluminium, calcium, magnesium, the oxide of iron and micro rare element.
Perlite is with the addition of in raw material, perlite can improve soil hardening, prevent tomato from falling to help, control fertilizer efficiency.
Strain powder is with the addition of in raw material, strain powder has potassium decomposing, phosphorus decomposing, improves tomato disease resistance, promote tomato growth, protectProtect the effect of tomato seedling.
It with the addition of in raw material and contain silica, alundum (Al2O3), iron, magnesium, calcium, sodium and potassium in bentonite, bentonite.
Zeolite powder is with the addition of in raw material, zeolite surface is coarse and with loose structure, makes it have higher carrying capability,Other raw material absorption can not only be allowed on its surface, and can also be adsorbed onto in duct, the utilizability of raw material is improved, significantlyImprove the mixing uniformity of fertilizer.
Decayed fruit be in rotten apple, rotten pears, rotten banana and rotten orange in one or more.
Strain powder be in saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and bacillus subtilis in one or more.
A kind of preparation method of tomato fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
(1) raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of tomato fertilizer material；
(2) corncob and peanut shell are put into pulverizer and crushed, produce crushed material；
(3) by the crushed material in step (2), decayed fruit, poultry-dung, turf, strain powder, bentonite, peameal, bumpsRod soil, peat, rice straw and Soybean Meal are well mixed, are fermented, produce fermentation material；
It is (4) fermentation material in step (3), zeolite powder, gangue, perlite, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium chloride is well mixed,Produce compound；
(5) compound in step (4) is granulated, dried, produce graininess tomato fertilizer.
Pulverizer in step (2) is ultrafine crusher, and ultrafine crusher has that function is complete, compact conformation, technical performanceStabilization, efficiency high, the characteristics of crushing, adjustable powder fineness and easy maintenance was not produced.
Granulation in step (5) to be granulated using Flat die granulator, Flat die granulator has that energy consumption is low, granulation quality is good,Bearing capacity is strong, service life length and the low advantage of cost.
Drying in step (5) is dries using Double-barrel drying machine, and Double-barrel drying machine drying has thermal efficiency height, efficiently sectionEnergy, compact conformation, insulation and material exchange more fully advantage with heat smoke.
Embodiment 2
A kind of tomato fertilizer, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：80 parts of decayed fruit, 30 parts of poultry-dung, 8 parts of corncob,5 parts of peanut shell, 10 parts of turf, 5 parts of gangue, 7 parts of perlite, 10 parts of phosphoric acid diamines, 18 parts of potassium chloride, 9 parts of strain powder, swelling2 parts of 6 parts of soil, 9 parts of peameal, 3 parts of zeolite powder, 13 parts of attapulgite, 2 parts of peat, 20 parts of rice straw and Soybean Meal.
It with the addition of in raw material in poultry-dung, poultry-dung containing needed for abundant organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and tomato growthA variety of minerals and the trace element such as calcium, magnesium, sulphur, these nutrients disclosure satisfy that during tomato growth to a variety of nutrientsNeed, poultry-dung is collected simply and conveniently, and cost is low.
Added in raw material and contain sugar, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre and mineral matter in corncob, corncob.
With the addition of in raw material in peanut shell, peanut shell containing crude protein, fat, crude fibre, soluble-carbohydrate,Calcium, phosphorus, vitamin and mineral, with very strong water imbibition, the fertilizer made together with excrement doping can make soil pineIt is soft, not hardened, it is effectively protected soil texture.
It with the addition of in raw material and nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, manganese be rich in turf, turf, be a kind of sterile, nontoxic, pollution-free and nothingThe pure natural organic matter of residual, it is possible to increase the development quality and survival rate of tomato seedling, and improved soil, improves soilWater holding, ventilation and fertilizer-preserving ability.
It with the addition of in raw material in gangue, gangue containing silicon, aluminium, calcium, magnesium, the oxide of iron and micro rare element.
Perlite is with the addition of in raw material, perlite can improve soil hardening, prevent tomato from falling to help, control fertilizer efficiency.
Strain powder is with the addition of in raw material, strain powder has potassium decomposing, phosphorus decomposing, improves tomato disease resistance, promote tomato growth, protectProtect the effect of tomato seedling.
It with the addition of in raw material and contain silica, alundum (Al2O3), iron, magnesium, calcium, sodium and potassium in bentonite, bentonite.
Zeolite powder is with the addition of in raw material, zeolite surface is coarse and with loose structure, makes it have higher carrying capability,Other raw material absorption can not only be allowed on its surface, and can also be adsorbed onto in duct, the utilizability of raw material is improved, significantlyImprove the mixing uniformity of fertilizer.
Decayed fruit be in rotten apple, rotten pears, rotten banana and rotten orange in one or more.
Strain powder be in saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and bacillus subtilis in one or more.
A kind of preparation method of tomato fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
(1) raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of tomato fertilizer material；
(2) corncob and peanut shell are put into pulverizer and crushed, produce crushed material；
(3) by the crushed material in step (2), decayed fruit, poultry-dung, turf, strain powder, bentonite, peameal, bumpsRod soil, peat, rice straw and Soybean Meal are well mixed, are fermented, produce fermentation material；
It is (4) fermentation material in step (3), zeolite powder, gangue, perlite, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium chloride is well mixed,Produce compound；
(5) compound in step (4) is granulated, dried, produce graininess tomato fertilizer.
Pulverizer in step (2) is ultrafine crusher, and ultrafine crusher has that function is complete, compact conformation, technical performanceStabilization, efficiency high, the characteristics of crushing, adjustable powder fineness and easy maintenance was not produced.
Granulation in step (5) to be granulated using Flat die granulator, Flat die granulator has that energy consumption is low, granulation quality is good,Bearing capacity is strong, service life length and the low advantage of cost.
Drying in step (5) is dries using Double-barrel drying machine, and Double-barrel drying machine drying has thermal efficiency height, efficiently sectionEnergy, compact conformation, insulation and material exchange more fully advantage with heat smoke.
Embodiment 3
A kind of tomato fertilizer, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：100 parts of decayed fruit, 50 parts of poultry-dung, corncob 10Part, 25 parts of peanut shell, 20 parts of turf, 15 parts of gangue, 11 parts of perlite, 14 parts of phosphoric acid diamines, 22 parts of potassium chloride, strain powder 13Part, 12 parts of bentonite, 15 parts of peameal, 5 parts of zeolite powder, 21 parts of attapulgite, 8 parts of peat, 40 parts of rice straw and soybean8 parts of the dregs of rice.
It with the addition of in raw material in poultry-dung, poultry-dung containing needed for abundant organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and tomato growthA variety of minerals and the trace element such as calcium, magnesium, sulphur, these nutrients disclosure satisfy that during tomato growth to a variety of nutrientsNeed, poultry-dung is collected simply and conveniently, and cost is low.
Added in raw material and contain sugar, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre and mineral matter in corncob, corncob.
With the addition of in raw material in peanut shell, peanut shell containing crude protein, fat, crude fibre, soluble-carbohydrate,Calcium, phosphorus, vitamin and mineral, with very strong water imbibition, the fertilizer made together with excrement doping can make soil pineIt is soft, not hardened, it is effectively protected soil texture.
It with the addition of in raw material and nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, manganese be rich in turf, turf, be a kind of sterile, nontoxic, pollution-free and nothingThe pure natural organic matter of residual, it is possible to increase the development quality and survival rate of tomato seedling, and improved soil, improves soilWater holding, ventilation and fertilizer-preserving ability.
It with the addition of in raw material in gangue, gangue containing silicon, aluminium, calcium, magnesium, the oxide of iron and micro rare element.
Perlite is with the addition of in raw material, perlite can improve soil hardening, prevent tomato from falling to help, control fertilizer efficiency.
Strain powder is with the addition of in raw material, strain powder has potassium decomposing, phosphorus decomposing, improves tomato disease resistance, promote tomato growth, protectProtect the effect of tomato seedling.
It with the addition of in raw material and contain silica, alundum (Al2O3), iron, magnesium, calcium, sodium and potassium in bentonite, bentonite.
Zeolite powder is with the addition of in raw material, zeolite surface is coarse and with loose structure, makes it have higher carrying capability,Other raw material absorption can not only be allowed on its surface, and can also be adsorbed onto in duct, the utilizability of raw material is improved, significantlyImprove the mixing uniformity of fertilizer.
Decayed fruit be in rotten apple, rotten pears, rotten banana and rotten orange in one or more.
Strain powder be in saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and bacillus subtilis in one or more.
A kind of preparation method of tomato fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
(1) raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of tomato fertilizer material；
(2) corncob and peanut shell are put into pulverizer and crushed, produce crushed material；
(3) by the crushed material in step (2), decayed fruit, poultry-dung, turf, strain powder, bentonite, peameal, bumpsRod soil, peat, rice straw and Soybean Meal are well mixed, are fermented, produce fermentation material；
It is (4) fermentation material in step (3), zeolite powder, gangue, perlite, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium chloride is well mixed,Produce compound；
(5) compound in step (4) is granulated, dried, produce graininess tomato fertilizer.
Pulverizer in step (2) is ultrafine crusher, and ultrafine crusher has that function is complete, compact conformation, technical performanceStabilization, efficiency high, the characteristics of crushing, adjustable powder fineness and easy maintenance was not produced.
Granulation in step (5) to be granulated using Flat die granulator, Flat die granulator has that energy consumption is low, granulation quality is good,Bearing capacity is strong, service life length and the low advantage of cost.
Drying in step (5) is dries using Double-barrel drying machine, and Double-barrel drying machine drying has thermal efficiency height, efficiently sectionEnergy, compact conformation, insulation and material exchange more fully advantage with heat smoke.
The tomato that the tomato fertilizer prepared in application embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 is cultivated is with applying traditionThe tomato that chemical fertilizer is cultivated is compared, with advantages below：
As seen from the above table, compared with applying the tomato of traditional fertilizer, the tomato of tomato fertilizer prepared by the present invention is appliedHave the advantages that quality better, low input, high production, yield height and pest and disease damage incidence are low.
Soil with organic matter content rises simultaneously, and all kinds of nutrients ratios are balanced, and soil is not acidified, hardened, the reason of soilChange character and soil microflora is protected, its water conservation having, fertilizer conservation and airing function are perfect.
Tomato fertilizer prepared by the present invention also has the advantages that beneficial human health and cost are low.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, although with reference to foregoing realityApply example the present invention is described in detail, for those skilled in the art, it still can be to foregoing each implementationTechnical scheme described in example is modified, or equivalent substitution, all essences in the present invention are carried out to which part technical characteristicGod is with principle, and any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.