A kind of preparation method of slit formation Carbonate Reservoir perforationTechnical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of oil reservoir perforation, and in particular to a kind of slit formation Carbonate Reservoir perforationPreparation method.
Background technique
Perforation is the important link of oil-gas field development, is to understand the very crucial step of oil-gas reservoir.In perforating design, adoptWith the perforating scheme of optimization, oil-gas Layer can be farthest opened, discharges productivity of hydrocarbon to the maximum extent, to reach increasingProduce the purpose of augmented injection.
By the development of more than ten years, a series of perforating technologies and its mating gun perforation process are successively formd, is on the one hand improvedPerforation completion and storey increase design effect and operating efficiency；On the other hand it by Reasonable Protection reservoir, extends oil-gas reservoir and opensSend out the service life.
With enriching constantly for domestic and international Reservoir Development type, oil-gas field development difficulty constantly increases, to perforating technologyDevelopment more stringent requirements are proposed.In protection reservoir, production capacity and operating efficiency are improved, improves unconventional oil and gas field exploitation effectFruit restores old oil- and gas-field production capacity, extends the exploitation of oil-gas field service life, and maximization Remaining Oil etc. plays more and more importantEffect.
Under normal circumstances, for conventional oil gas reservoir, to prevent water cone, the too early water logging of oil well is avoided, in oil-water interfacesCertain absolute thickness not perforation should be retained above.And in slit formation Carbonate Reservoir, even if retaining on oil-water interfacesEnough absolute thickness not perforation, but due to the vertical communication in crack, the absolute thickness retained not can effectively stop groundThe lifting of layer water seriously restricts the increase of slit formation carbonate rock oil field oil production and aqueous to make the too early water logging of oil wellThe reduction of rate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation methods of slit formation Carbonate Reservoir perforation, and the present invention is to greatest extentGround release reservoir productivity simultaneously reduces its moisture content, and avoids the too early water logging of oil well, to achieve the purpose that volume increase.
The preparation method of slit formation Carbonate Reservoir perforation provided by the invention comprising following steps:
1) core sample based on formation fracture type Carbonate Reservoir, to the rock core pillar and rock core of the core sampleCrack is developed in thin slice and carries out comprehensive analysis, obtains the type and feature in the development crack；
2) electric imaging logging data is acquired in the interval of interest of the slit formation Carbonate Reservoir；Based on the Electrical imagingWell-log information, analytical procedure 1) described in development crack the response in the electric imaging logging data of type and feature it is specialSign, and establish the development characteristics of the type and feature in the development crack in the electric imaging logging data；
3) different configuration position core analyzing data based on the slit formation Carbonate Reservoir and the electricity of producing wellImage Logging Data, in conjunction with it is described development crack distribution characteristics and the electric imaging logging data on crack development models,The development crack is obtained in the development degree at the slit formation Carbonate Reservoir different configuration position, the development is obtained and splitsThe regularity of distribution being sewn in the slit formation Carbonate Reservoir plane；
4) regularity of distribution based on the development crack in slit formation Carbonate Reservoir plane, analysis are located at described splitThe anhydrous period of the fracture developing zone of seam type Carbonate Reservoir producing well is tired to recover the oil, anhydrous period number of days and keeps away between the ratio of penetratingRelationship obtains the time longest that producing well anhydrous period in the fracture developing zone recovers the oil, and anhydrous period is tired when recovering the oil mostMost preferably keep away the ratio of penetrating；Wherein, the ratio of penetrating of keeping away refers to distance and stratum between perforation bottom circle and Water Flooding Layer or water layer top circlePush up the ratio of distance between boundary and Water Flooding Layer or water layer top circle；
5) acquire natural gamma, natural potential, calliper log curve, it is deep, in, shallow resistivity log, bulk density,Neutron porosity, compressional wave time difference log and the electric imaging logging data are to the stepout well for being located at the fracture developing zoneIt carries out Well Data Processing and explains, and the evaluation rubric and standard of the Water Flooding Layer based on slit formation Carbonate Reservoir, obtainThe specific location that oil reservoir, Water Flooding Layer and the water layer of the stepout well are distributed in full well section；
6) it is distributed according to oil reservoir, Water Flooding Layer and the water layer for most preferably keeping away the ratio of penetrating and the stepout well in full well sectionSpecific location, the stepout well obtain slit formation Carbonate Reservoir using most preferably keeping away the ratio of penetrating carries out perforation production to itPerforation.
In step 2) of the present invention, " analytical procedure 1) described in development crack type and feature in the electric imaging loggingResponse characteristic in data, and it is special to establish the development of the type and feature in the development crack in the electric imaging logging dataThe specific method analyzed in sign " is adopted to carry out with method known in this field.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the type in the development crack includes high angle frature, oblique seam, attractive joint, filling-halfAt least one of filling seam and the netted seam of oblique.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the feature in the development crack includes density, width and longitudinal extent.
In above-mentioned preparation method, natural gamma, natural potential, calliper log curve are acquired using logger, deeply,In, shallow resistivity log, bulk density, neutron porosity, compressional wave time difference log and the electric imaging logging moneyMaterial.
In step 5) of the present invention, processing and explanation to well-log information are also that method conventional in the art carries out；
Evaluation rubric and standard to the Water Flooding Layer of the slit formation Carbonate Reservoir are all made of this field Water Flooding Layer and commentThe conventional method of valence is evaluated.
The invention has the following advantages that
1, the preparation method of slit formation Carbonate Reservoir perforation of the present invention, by establishing fracture developing zone Carbonate OilThe ratio of penetrating is kept away in hiding, can discharge reservoir productivity to the maximum extent, and avoid the too early water logging of oil well.
2, the present invention provides a kind of versatile, good economy performance effective ways, the present invention can be widely applied to splitIn the perforating scheme of seam type Carbonate Reservoir.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the crack pattern of carbonate rock rock core pillar；
Fig. 2 is the crack pattern under carbonate rock rock core mirror；
Fig. 3 is L well partly crack pattern shown by interval carbonate rock electric imaging logging data；
Fig. 4 is the flat distribution map of certain slit formation carbonate rock oil field fracture developing zone；
Fig. 5 is that slit formation Carbonate Reservoir keeps away and penetrates ratio schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the tired oil recovery of certain slit formation carbonate rock oil field anhydrous period, anhydrous period number of days and keeps away the relationship between the ratio of penetrating；
Fig. 7 is carbonate rock watered out layers evaluation process；
Fig. 8 is certain slit formation carbonate rock oil field N well partly interval Well Data Processing and interpretation results figure；
Fig. 9 is certain slit formation carbonate rock oil field P well partly interval Well Data Processing and interpretation results figure.
Specific embodiment
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples is commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The method of the present invention is described further below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1,
By taking certain slit formation Carbonate Reservoir M as an example, the preparation method of slit formation Carbonate Reservoir perforation is specifically includedFollowing steps:
1) core sample based on slit formation Carbonate Reservoir M under a certain depth in stratum is thin to rock core pillar and rock coreThe crack developed in piece carries out comprehensive analysis, show that the type in developed crack is mainly high angle frature, the density master in crackIt is distributed between 2~5, the width in crack about 0.02mm, crack longitudinal extent about 1~2m, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.
2) interval of interest using logger in slit formation Carbonate Reservoir M acquires electric imaging logging data；Based on LWell electric imaging logging data collected, analytical procedure 1) in the type in developed crack on rock core pillar and core wafer, closeDegree, the response characteristic of width and longitudinal extent in electric imaging logging data, wherein difference deep, between shallow resistivity refers toShow the presence in crack, and electric imaging logging data shows that the type in crack is mainly high angle fracture, part development 2~5Crack, crack longitudinal extent about 1~2m, as shown in Figure 3.
3) based on slit formation Carbonate Reservoir M different configuration position core analyzing data and, the Electrical imaging of producing well is surveyedWell data, in conjunction with the development characteristics in crack in fractue spacing feature on rock core pillar and core wafer and electric imaging logging data,Crack is specified in the development degree at slit formation Carbonate Reservoir M different configuration position, summarizes crack in slit formation carbonate rockThe regularity of distribution in oil reservoir M plane, white area is the fracture developing zone of slit formation Carbonate Reservoir M in Fig. 4.
4) analysis is located at slit formation Carbonate Reservoir M the fracture developing zone tired oil recovery of anhydrous period of producing well, anhydrous periodNumber of days and keep away the relationship between the ratio of penetrating, wherein keep away the ratio of penetrating refer between perforation bottom circle and Water Flooding Layer or water layer top circle distance andPush up the ratio (as shown in Figure 5) of distance between boundary and Water Flooding Layer or water layer top circle in stratum；Fig. 6 is slit formation Carbonate Reservoir MThe anhydrous period that fracture developing zone has produced 11 mouthfuls of wells tires out oil recovery, anhydrous period number of days and keeps away the relationship between the ratio of penetrating, and obtains to work as and keep awayWhen to penetrate ratio be 40%, the time longest that producing well anhydrous period in fracture developing zone recovers the oil, and anhydrous period it is tired recover the oil it is most；Accordingly, it is determined that the ratio of penetrating of most preferably keeping away of slit formation Carbonate Reservoir M is 40%.
5) using logger well-log information collected to positioned at the new of slit formation Carbonate Reservoir M fracture developing zoneThe N well and P well of brill carry out Well Data Processing and explain；And evaluation rubric (Fig. 7) and standard based on carbonate rock Water Flooding Layer(table 1) has obtained the specific location that oil reservoir, Water Flooding Layer and water layer are distributed in N well, P well.
The evaluation criterion of 1 Water Flooding Layer of table
| Rank | Moisture content (%) | Oil displacement efficiency (%) |
| Weak water logging | <10 | <15 |
| Low water logging | 10-40 | 15-28 |
| Middle water logging | 40-60 | 28-36 |
| Strong water logging | >60 | >36 |
6) N well and P well are in slit formation Carbonate Reservoir M fracture developing zone, this two mouthfuls of wells partly log well by intervalDatum processing result map difference is as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9.
As shown in figure 8, in N well part interval Well Data Processing and interpretation results figure, the 1st be natural gamma, fromRight current potential, calliper log curve, indicate the lithologic character on the stratum；2nd be it is deep, in, shallow resistivity log, portray thisThe electrical property feature on stratum；3rd is bulk density, neutron porosity and compressional wave time difference log, reflects the physical property on the stratumFeature；4th is depth of stratum；5th is the percentage composition of dolomite, limestone and mud stone in the earth formation；6th is to explainConclusion and perforated zone；Keep away the ratio of penetrating be 100%, be greater than step 4) determined by 40%, production effect is relatively preferable, day oil-producing3021 barrels, moisture content is only 0.1%.
As shown in figure 9, in P well part interval Well Data Processing and interpretation results figure, the 1st be natural gamma, fromRight current potential, calliper log curve, indicate the lithologic character on the stratum；2nd be it is deep, in, shallow resistivity log, portray thisThe electrical property feature on stratum；3rd is bulk density, neutron porosity and compressional wave time difference log, reflects the physical property on the stratumFeature；4th is depth of stratum；5th is the percentage composition of dolomite, limestone, sandstone and mud stone in the earth formation；6thIt is to explain conclusion and perforated zone；Keeping away the ratio of penetrating is 37%, is less than 40% determined by step 4), and production effect is relatively poor,2084 barrels of oil-producing of day, moisture content is up to 90%.
Comparison slit formation Carbonate Reservoir M fracture developing zone P well, the perforating scheme of N well and production effect are penetrated it is found that keeping awayRatio is increased to 100% from 37%, and moisture content is reduced to 0.1% from 90%, anhydrous to recover the oil 909 days, tires out oil recovery 2.2 millionBucket, illustrates that the preparation method of slit formation Carbonate Reservoir perforation of the present invention can discharge to the maximum extent reservoir productivity and reduce itMoisture content, and the too early water logging of oil well is avoided, to achieve the purpose that volume increase.
Above-described embodiment is merely to illustrate the present invention, wherein the structure of each component, connection type etc. are all that can be becomeChange, all equivalents and improvement carried out based on the technical solution of the present invention should not be excluded in guarantor of the inventionIt protects except range.