CN106965761B - Power-off protection device for vehicle-mounted equipment system - Google Patents
Power-off protection device for vehicle-mounted equipment systemDownload PDFInfo
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- CN106965761B CN106965761BCN201610020381.9ACN201610020381ACN106965761BCN 106965761 BCN106965761 BCN 106965761BCN 201610020381 ACN201610020381 ACN 201610020381ACN 106965761 BCN106965761 BCN 106965761B
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- 239000003381stabilizerSubstances0.000claimsdescription8
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted equipment, in particular to a power-off protection device for a vehicle-mounted equipment system.
Background
The existing vehicle-mounted equipment may lose power supply of a vehicle-mounted power supply at the moment of vehicle ignition, the power supply equipment is taken from an ACC power supply, the system of the vehicle-mounted equipment is also likely to be powered off at the moment, and the system power off may cause equipment damage or data loss and bring loss. Therefore, the in-vehicle embedded device is designed with the system protection problem taken into consideration.
In the traditional method, a standby battery or a super capacitor is directly added on a system power supply, the standby battery occupies a large position and is high in cost, and the super capacitor is directly added on the system power supply and is not well monitored.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a vehicle-mounted equipment system power-off protection device, realizes quick detection during power-off, and plays a role in power-off protection of the system through seamless power continuation of a super capacitor.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a power-off protection device for a vehicle-mounted equipment system comprises:
the voltage reduction module receives the input of an automobile battery and uses a DC-DC converter to carry out voltage stabilization;
the voltage comparison module compares the input voltage of the automobile storage battery with the system power supply voltage and comprises a voltage comparator;
the switch backflow prevention module isolates the output voltage of the voltage reduction module from the system power supply voltage, is controlled by the output of the voltage comparison module, and comprises an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube, a triode and a first diode;
the super capacitor module comprises a first super capacitor and a second super capacitor which are connected in series;
the charging module is used for stabilizing the voltage of a system power supply and charging the super capacitor in a current-limiting mode and comprises a low dropout linear regulator;
the voltage-sharing module is used for stabilizing the voltage of the super capacitor and preventing the capacitor from being overcharged and comprises a first three-terminal voltage-stabilizing tube, a second three-terminal voltage-stabilizing tube, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor and a ninth resistor;
the discharge isolation module is used for isolating the output voltage of the super capacitor from the system power supply voltage, preventing the system power supply voltage from flowing backwards to the super capacitor and comprises a second diode;
the MCU module is a system core CPU and is used for carrying out power supply outage detection;
the input of the automobile storage battery is connected to the input of the voltage reduction module, the output of the switch backflow prevention module and the input of the automobile storage battery are respectively connected to the input of the voltage comparison module, the output of the voltage reduction module and the output of the voltage comparison module are respectively connected to the input of the switch backflow prevention module, the output of the switch backflow prevention module is connected to the input of the charging module, the output of the charging module and the output of the voltage equalizing module are respectively connected to the input of the super capacitor module, the output of the super capacitor module is connected to the input of the discharging isolation module, the output of the switch backflow prevention module and the output of the discharging isolation module are connected to the first input end of the MCU module, and the output of the voltage comparison module is connected to the second input end of the MCU module.
The DC-DC converter is connected with a drain electrode of the MOS tube, the anode of the first diode is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube, the homodromous input end of the voltage comparator is connected with the input end of the automobile storage battery, the output end of the voltage comparator is respectively connected with the base electrode of the triode and the second input end of the MCU, the collector electrode of the triode is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube, the source electrode of the MOS tube is respectively connected with the reverse input end of the voltage comparator, the cathode of the first diode, the cathode of the second diode, the IN end and the En end of the low-dropout linear regulator and the first input end of the MCU, the OUT end of the low-dropout linear regulator is respectively connected with the anode of the second diode, the anode of the first super capacitor, the first end of the first three-terminal voltage regulator and one end of the sixth resistor, and the cathode of the first super capacitor is respectively connected with the anode of the second super capacitor, The low-dropout linear regulator comprises a first three-terminal voltage regulator tube, a sixth resistor, a ninth resistor, an emitter of the triode, a GND (ground) terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator, a cathode of a second super capacitor, a third terminal of the second three-terminal voltage regulator, a fourth terminal of a voltage comparator and the other terminal of the ninth resistor, wherein the first end of the second three-terminal voltage regulator tube, the first terminal of the seventh resistor and the second terminal of the eighth resistor are connected, the other terminal of the sixth resistor is connected with the second end of the first three-terminal voltage regulator tube, the other terminal of the eighth resistor is connected with the second end of the first three-terminal voltage regulator tube, the other.
The voltage comparison module further comprises a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor and a fourteenth resistor, wherein the tenth resistor and the eleventh resistor are connected between the input of the automobile storage battery and the ground in series, one end of the tenth resistor is connected with the positive input end of the voltage comparator, the twelfth resistor and the thirteenth resistor are connected between the source electrode of the MOS tube and the ground in series, one end of the twelfth resistor is connected with the reverse input end of the voltage comparator, one end of the fourteenth resistor is connected with the output end of the voltage comparator, and the other end of the fourteenth resistor is connected with the fifth end of the voltage comparator and the source electrode of the MOS tube respectively.
The switch backflow prevention module further comprises a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor, the first resistor is connected between the source electrode and the grid electrode of the MOS tube, the second resistor is connected between the voltage comparator and the base electrode of the triode, and the third resistor is connected between the base electrode and the emitting electrode of the triode.
The charging module further comprises a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor, wherein the fourth resistor is connected between the OUT end and the BYP end of the low-dropout linear voltage stabilizer, the second capacitor and the fifth resistor are connected in parallel and then connected between the BYP end and the ground of the low-dropout linear voltage stabilizer, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor are connected in parallel and then connected between the OUT end and the ground of the low-dropout linear voltage stabilizer, and the first capacitor is connected between the En end of the low-dropout linear voltage stabilizer U1 and the ground.
The voltage comparator is an in-phase voltage comparator.
The MOS tube is a P-channel MOS tube.
The triode is an NPN triode.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: a standby battery is not needed, so that the space is saved, and the cost is reduced; the vehicle-mounted equipment can ensure the normal operation and normal shutdown of the system under the conditions of unstable power supply and sudden power failure; the data continuity and loss protection of the equipment in power supply drop and sudden power failure are realized.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the power failure protection device for a vehicle-mounted device system according to the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a specific circuit diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, a power-off protection device for a vehicle-mounted equipment system is connected to an input of an automobile storage battery, the protection device includes a voltage-reducingmodule 1, a voltage-comparing module 2, a switch backflow-preventingmodule 3, a charging module 4, adischarge isolation module 5, a super capacitor module 6, a voltage-equalizing module 7, and anMCU module 8, the input of the automobile storage battery is connected to the input of the voltage-reducingmodule 1, the output of the switch backflow-preventingmodule 3 and the input of the automobile storage battery are respectively connected to the input of the voltage-comparing module 2, the output of the voltage-reducingmodule 1 and the output of the voltage-comparing module 2 are respectively connected to the input of the switch backflow-preventingmodule 3, the output of the switch backflow-preventingmodule 3 is connected to the input of the charging module 4, the output of the charging module 4 and the output of, the output of the super capacitor module 6 is connected to the input of thedischarge isolation module 5, the output of the switchbackflow prevention module 3 and the output of thedischarge isolation module 5 are connected to theinput end 1 of theMCU module 8, and the output of thevoltage comparison module 2 is connected to theinput end 2 of theMCU module 8.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the voltage reduction module includes a DC-DC converter V1; the voltage comparison module comprises a voltage comparator A1, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13 and a fourteenth resistor R14; the switch backflow prevention module comprises an MOS tube Q1, a triode Q2, a first diode D1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3; the charging module comprises a low dropout linear regulator U1, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3 and a fourth capacitor C4; the discharge isolation module consists of a second diode D2; the super capacitor module comprises a first super capacitor C5 and a second super capacitor C6; the voltage-sharing module comprises a first three-terminal voltage regulator tube D3, a second three-terminal voltage regulator tube D4, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8 and a third resistor R9.
Specifically, the automobile battery input is connected with the input end of a DC-DC converter V1, the output end of the DC-DC converter V1 is respectively connected with the anode of a diode D1 and the drain D of an MOS transistor Q1, the automobile battery input is connected with theequidirectional input end 3 of a voltage comparator a1 through a resistor R10, the source S of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected with thereverse input end 2 of the voltage comparator a1 through a resistor R12, the resistor R10 and the resistor R11 are connected in series between the automobile battery input and the ground, the resistor R12 and the resistor R13 are connected in series between the source S of the MOS transistor Q1 and the ground, theoutput end 1 of the voltage comparator a1 is connected with the first input end of an MCU, the resistor R2 is connected with the base B of a triode Q2, the resistor R14 is connected with the 5 th end of the voltage comparator a1 and the source S of an MOS transistor Q1, the collector C of the triode Q2 is connected with the gate G of a MOS transistor Q1, an emitter E of a Q2 is connected with a base B through a resistor R3, a source S of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a grid G through a resistor R1, the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a diode D1 IN parallel, a source S of the MOS tube Q1 is respectively connected with a cathode of a diode D1, an IN end of a diode D2, an IN end of a low-voltage-difference linear regulator U1, an EN end of a low-voltage-difference linear regulator U1 and a first input end of an MCU, the low-voltage-difference linear regulator U1 is connected with the diode D2 IN parallel, an OUT end of a low-voltage-difference linear regulator U1 is respectively connected with an anode of a diode D2, a positive electrode of a super capacitor C5, a first 1 end of a three-terminal regulator D3 and a first end of a resistor R6, the capacitor C2 is connected with a BYP end of a low-voltage-difference linear regulator U1 through a resistor R4, the capacitor C2 is connected with the resistor R5 IN parallel and then connected between a BYP end of the low-voltage, the super capacitor C5 is connected with the super capacitor C6 in series, the three-terminal voltage regulator tube D3 is connected with the three-terminal voltage regulator tube D4 in series, the resistor R6, the resistor R7, the resistor R8 and the resistor R8 are connected with each other in series, the resistors R8 and R8 are connected with each other in parallel respectively with the three-terminal voltage regulator tube D8 and the super capacitor C8, the resistors R8 and R8 are connected with each other in series and then connected with the three-terminal voltage regulator tube D8 and the super capacitor C8 in parallel respectively, the cathode of the super capacitor C8 is connected with the anode of the super capacitor C8, the third 3 end of the three-terminal voltage regulator tube D8, the first 1 end of the three-terminal voltage regulator tube D8, the second end of the resistor R8 and the first end of the resistor R8, the second end of the resistor R8 is connected with the second 2 end of the three-terminal voltage regulator tube D8, the second end of the three-terminal R8 is connected with the 2 end of the three-terminal voltage regulator tube D8, and the third 3A voltage regulator tube D, The second ends of the resistors R9 are all connected to ground.
Further, the voltage comparator a1 is an in-phase voltage comparator.
Further, the MOS transistor Q1 is a P-channel MOS transistor.
Further, the transistor Q2 is an NPN transistor.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the following describes the operation of the power-off protection device for the vehicle-mounted equipment system. Wherein, nouns are defined as follows:
the input of an automobile battery: a power input to power the system;
a system power supply: the power supply for the MCU module is provided by the regulated voltage input by the automobile storage battery when the automobile storage battery is normally powered, and is provided by the discharge of the super capacitor when the automobile storage battery is abnormally powered.
Thevoltage reduction module 1 adopts a DC-DC converter V1, preferably used for stabilizing the input voltage of the automobile battery to 5.2V.
Thevoltage comparison module 2 uses a voltage comparator A1, preferably, an LM358X voltage comparator can be used, theequidirectional input end 3 of the voltage comparator is the voltage to be measured and is provided by the input voltage of the automobile storage battery, thereverse input end 2 of the voltage comparator is the reference voltage and is provided by the system power supply, and the voltage comparator A1 judges whether to cut off the power supply and controls the MOS tube according to the set threshold value;
the resistor R14 is a pull-up resistor, preferably, the resistance value thereof is 4.7k Ω, the resistors R12 and R13 are voltage dividing resistors, preferably, the resistor R12 is 39k Ω, the resistor R13 is 10k Ω, the input voltage is divided into 1.02V as a reference voltage by the resistors R12 and R13, the resistors R10 and R11 are voltage dividing resistors for automobile battery input, preferably, the resistor R10 is 39k Ω, the resistor R11 is 8.66k Ω, when the divided voltage value is higher than 1.02V, the voltage comparator a1 outputs ahigh level 1, and when the divided voltage value is lower than 1.02V, the voltage comparator a1 outputs a low level 0.
The switchbackflow prevention module 3 isolates the output voltage of the DC-DC converter V1 from the system power supply voltage, voltage backflow is prevented from flowing to other equipment at the front end of an automobile storage battery, the power supply burden of a super capacitor of the equipment is increased, the switchbackflow prevention module 3 is controlled by the output of thevoltage comparison module 2, a P-channel MOS tube and a Schottky diode are connected in parallel, and in a large-current circuit, the MOS tube plays a role in reducing voltage drop and reducing power consumption of the diode. When the output of thevoltage comparison module 2 ishigh level 1, the triode Q2 is conducted, and the MOS transistor Q1 is conducted; when the output of thevoltage comparison module 2 is at low level 0, the transistor Q2 is turned off, and the MOS transistor Q1 is turned off, preferably, the transistor Q2 has the model number BC 817-25.
The resistor R1 is a pull-up resistor, the resistor R3 is a pull-down resistor, and the resistor R2 is a voltage dividing resistor, preferably, R1 is 10k Ω, the resistor R2 is 24k Ω, and the resistor R3 is 10k Ω.
The charging module 4 adopts a low dropout linear regulator U1, voltage division feedback is carried out through a resistor R4 and a resistor R5, a system power supply is regulated to 5.0V, and the super capacitor is charged in a current limiting mode, preferably, the MIC5205 low dropout linear regulator can be selected, the resistor R4 is 6.8k omega, and the resistor R5 is 22k omega; the capacitors C1, C2, C3 and C4 are filter capacitors, preferably, the capacitor C1 is 1uF, the capacitor C2 is 470pF, the ceramic capacitor C3 is 10uF/16V (T), and the capacitor C4 is 0.1 uF.
The super capacitor module 6 is formed by connecting 2 super capacitors C5 and C6 of 10F/2.7V in series.
The voltage equalizing module 7 respectively stabilizes the voltages of the super capacitor C5 and the super capacitor C6 below 2.6V to prevent the super capacitor from failing due to the overcharge of the capacitors, preferably, the voltage equalizing module is controlled by a three-terminal voltage regulator tube D3 and a three-terminal voltage regulator tube D4, particularly, the voltage equalizing module stabilizes the voltage of the three-terminal voltage regulator tube D3 below 2.6V by dividing the voltage by a resistor R6 and a resistor R7, and protects the voltage balance of the two ends of the super capacitor C5 below 2.6V; the voltage of the three-terminal voltage regulator tube D4 is regulated to be below 2.6V through voltage division of the resistor R8 and the resistor R9, the voltage balance of two ends of the protection super capacitor C6 is below 2.6V, preferably, the resistors R6 and R8 are 10k omega, and the resistors R6 and R8 are 200k omega.
Thedischarge isolation module 5 adopts a diode D2, which is used as a discharge diode of the super capacitor on one hand, and isolates the output voltage of the super capacitor from the system power supply voltage on the other hand, so as to prevent the system power supply voltage from flowing backward to the super capacitor.
TheMCU module 8 is a system core CPU, a first port receives system power input and provides power for normal work of the vehicle-mounted equipment, a second port receives output of the voltage comparator A1 and carries out system power failure detection, and when the voltage comparator A1 is received to output ahigh level 1, the MCU module judges that the level power supply is normal and continues to work normally; when receiving power failure and when the voltage comparator A1 outputs low level 0, the MCU module judges that the level power supply is abnormal, gets power from the super capacitor and immediately stores important data, and then enters a shutdown process.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an on-vehicle equipment system power-off protection device which characterized in that includes:
the voltage reduction module is used for receiving the input of the automobile storage battery and stabilizing the voltage by using the DC-DC converter; the voltage comparison module is used for comparing the input voltage of the automobile storage battery with the system power supply voltage; the switch backflow prevention module is used for isolating the output voltage of the voltage reduction module from the system power supply voltage; a super capacitor module; the charging module is used for stabilizing the voltage of a system power supply and charging the super capacitor in a current-limiting mode; the voltage-sharing module is used for stabilizing the voltage of the super capacitor and preventing the capacitor from being overcharged; the discharge isolation module is used for isolating the output voltage of the super capacitor from the system power supply voltage and preventing the system power supply voltage from flowing backwards to the super capacitor; the MCU module is used for carrying out power supply outage detection on a system core CPU;
the input of the automobile storage battery is connected to the input of the voltage reduction module, the output of the switch backflow prevention module and the input of the automobile storage battery are respectively connected to the input of the voltage comparison module, the output of the voltage reduction module and the output of the voltage comparison module are respectively connected to the input of the switch backflow prevention module, the output of the switch backflow prevention module is connected to the input of the charging module, the output of the charging module and the output of the voltage equalizing module are respectively connected to the input of the super capacitor module, the output of the super capacitor module is connected to the input of the discharge isolation module, the output of the switch backflow prevention module and the output of the discharge isolation module are connected to the first input end of the MCU module, and the output of the voltage comparison module is connected to the second input end of the MCU module;
the voltage reduction module comprises a DC-DC converter; the voltage comparison module comprises a voltage comparator; the switch backflow prevention module comprises an MOS tube, a triode and a first diode; the super capacitor module comprises a first super capacitor and a second super capacitor which are connected in series; the charging module comprises a low dropout linear regulator; the voltage-sharing module comprises a first three-terminal voltage-stabilizing tube, a second three-terminal voltage-stabilizing tube, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor and a ninth resistor; the discharge isolation module comprises a second diode;
the DC-DC converter is connected with a drain electrode of the MOS tube, the anode of the first diode is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube, the homodromous input end of the voltage comparator is connected with the input end of the automobile storage battery, the output end of the voltage comparator is respectively connected with the base electrode of the triode and the second input end of the MCU, the collector electrode of the triode is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube, the source electrode of the MOS tube is respectively connected with the reverse input end of the voltage comparator, the cathode of the first diode, the cathode of the second diode, the IN end and the En end of the low-dropout linear regulator and the first input end of the MCU, the OUT end of the low-dropout linear regulator is respectively connected with the anode of the second diode, the anode of the first super capacitor, the first end of the first three-terminal voltage regulator and one end of the sixth resistor, and the cathode of the first super capacitor is respectively connected with the anode of the second super capacitor, The low-dropout linear regulator comprises a first three-terminal voltage regulator tube, a sixth resistor, a ninth resistor, an emitter of the triode, a GND (ground) terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator, a cathode of a second super capacitor, a third terminal of the second three-terminal voltage regulator, a fourth terminal of a voltage comparator and the other terminal of the ninth resistor, wherein the first end of the second three-terminal voltage regulator tube, the first terminal of the seventh resistor and the second terminal of the eighth resistor are connected, the other terminal of the sixth resistor is connected with the second end of the first three-terminal voltage regulator tube, the other terminal of the eighth resistor is connected with the second end of the first three-terminal voltage regulator tube, the other.
2. The on-vehicle equipment system power-off protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the voltage comparison module further comprises a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor and a fourteenth resistor, wherein the tenth resistor and the eleventh resistor are connected between the input of the automobile storage battery and the ground in series, one end of the tenth resistor is connected with the positive input end of the voltage comparator, the twelfth resistor and the thirteenth resistor are connected between the source electrode of the MOS tube and the ground in series, one end of the twelfth resistor is connected with the reverse input end of the voltage comparator, one end of the fourteenth resistor is connected with the output end of the voltage comparator, and the other end of the fourteenth resistor is connected with the fifth end of the voltage comparator and the source electrode of the MOS tube respectively.
3. The on-vehicle equipment system power-off protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the switch backflow prevention module further comprises a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor, the first resistor is connected between the source electrode and the grid electrode of the MOS tube, the second resistor is connected between the voltage comparator and the base electrode of the triode, and the third resistor is connected between the base electrode and the emitting electrode of the triode.
4. The on-vehicle equipment system power-off protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the charging module further comprises a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor, wherein the fourth resistor is connected between the OUT end and the BYP end of the low-dropout linear voltage stabilizer, the second capacitor and the fifth resistor are connected in parallel and then connected between the BYP end and the ground of the low-dropout linear voltage stabilizer, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor are connected in parallel and then connected between the OUT end and the ground of the low-dropout linear voltage stabilizer, and the first capacitor is connected between the En end of the low-dropout linear voltage stabilizer U1 and the ground.
5. The on-vehicle equipment system power-off protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the voltage comparator is an in-phase voltage comparator.
6. The on-vehicle equipment system power-off protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the MOS tube is a P-channel MOS tube.
7. The on-vehicle equipment system power-off protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the triode is an NPN triode.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610020381.9ACN106965761B (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2016-01-13 | Power-off protection device for vehicle-mounted equipment system |
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| CN201610020381.9ACN106965761B (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2016-01-13 | Power-off protection device for vehicle-mounted equipment system |
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| CN106965761A (en) | 2017-07-21 |
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