技术领域technical field
本发明涉及液晶显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种具有高对比度及较小厚度的显示装置。The invention relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display, in particular to a display device with high contrast ratio and small thickness.
背景技术Background technique
随着显示技术的发展，液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)等平面显示装置因具有高画质、省电、机身薄及应用范围广等优点，而被广泛的应用于手机、电视、个人数字助理、数字相机、笔记本电脑、台式计算机等各种消费性电子产品，成为显示装置中的主流。With the development of display technology, liquid crystal displays (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD) and other flat display devices are widely used in mobile phones, televisions, personal Various consumer electronic products such as digital assistants, digital cameras, notebook computers, and desktop computers have become the mainstream of display devices.
现有市场上的液晶显示装置大部分为背光型液晶显示器，其包括液晶显示面板及背光模块(backlight module)。液晶显示面板的工作原理是在两片平行的玻璃基板当中放置液晶分子，两片玻璃基板中间有许多垂直和水平的细小电线，通过通电与否来控制液晶分子改变方向，将背光模块的光线折射出来产生画面。Most of the liquid crystal display devices currently on the market are backlight liquid crystal displays, which include a liquid crystal display panel and a backlight module. The working principle of the liquid crystal display panel is to place liquid crystal molecules between two parallel glass substrates. There are many vertical and horizontal small wires between the two glass substrates. The direction of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled by electrifying or not, and the light from the backlight module is refracted. Come out to generate the picture.
一般来讲，一台液晶显示器只有一层液晶层，其中，液晶偏转角度的大小决定了液晶透过率的多少，进而产生不同灰阶的灰度乃至不同色彩的显示。为了提高液晶显示器的对比度，通常会采用双液晶盒的设计，如图1所示，图1为现有的具有双液晶盒的液晶显示器的示意图。Generally speaking, a liquid crystal display has only one liquid crystal layer, in which the deflection angle of the liquid crystal determines the transmittance of the liquid crystal, and then produces different gray scales and even different colors of display. In order to improve the contrast of a liquid crystal display, a design of double liquid crystal cells is usually adopted, as shown in FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of an existing liquid crystal display with double liquid crystal cells.
液晶显示器100包括自上而下依序设置的第一显示单元10、扩散片30、第二显示单元20以及背光模块40，第一显示单元10包括自上而下依序叠置的第一偏光偏101、第一基板102、第一液晶层103、第二基板104以及第二偏光片105；第二显示单元20包括自上而下依序叠置的第三偏光偏201、第三基板202、第二液晶层203、第四基板204以及第四偏光片205。其中，扩散片30设置第二偏光片105与第三偏光片201之间，避免第一显示单元10与第二显示单元20对组后，显示图像上形成摩尔(moire)纹。当然也可通过将第二偏光片105及/或第三偏光片201进行表面处理以增加其雾度，以实现减少摩尔纹的问题。The liquid crystal display 100 includes a first display unit 10, a diffuser 30, a second display unit 20, and a backlight module 40 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the first display unit 10 includes a first polarizer stacked in sequence from top to bottom. Polarizer 101, first substrate 102, first liquid crystal layer 103, second substrate 104, and second polarizer 105; second display unit 20 includes third polarizer 201, third substrate 202 stacked in sequence from top to bottom , the second liquid crystal layer 203 , the fourth substrate 204 and the fourth polarizer 205 . Wherein, the diffuser 30 is disposed between the second polarizer 105 and the third polarizer 201 , so as to prevent moire patterns from being formed on the display image after the first display unit 10 and the second display unit 20 are paired. Of course, the second polarizer 105 and/or the third polarizer 201 can also be surface treated to increase its haze, so as to reduce the problem of moiré.
通过对第一显示单元10与第二显示单元20的分别控制，可实现液晶显示器100的显示对比度的增加，但是，由于采用双层显示单元的设置，使得液晶显示器100的厚度显着增加，而厚度增加使得背光模块40发出的光线要穿过两层液晶层、四层基板及设置在基板上下侧的其它功能层，进而导致光线的穿透效率不佳。By separately controlling the first display unit 10 and the second display unit 20, the display contrast of the liquid crystal display 100 can be increased. However, due to the arrangement of the double-layer display unit, the thickness of the liquid crystal display 100 is significantly increased. The increased thickness makes the light emitted by the backlight module 40 pass through the two liquid crystal layers, the four-layer substrate and other functional layers arranged on the upper and lower sides of the substrate, resulting in poor light penetration efficiency.
因此，有必要提出一种新的显示装置可使得显示对比度增加，并兼具较小的厚度。Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new display device that can increase the display contrast and has a smaller thickness.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种显示装置能够具有高的显示对比度及较小的厚度。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a display device capable of high display contrast and small thickness.
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种显示装置，包括显示单元，该显示单元包括自上而下依序叠置的第一偏光层、第一基板、第一液晶层、第二基板、第二偏光层、第二液晶层、第三基板及第三偏光层；其中，该第二偏光层为第一金属线栅偏光片。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a display device, including a display unit, which includes a first polarizing layer, a first substrate, a first liquid crystal layer, a second substrate, a first Two polarizing layers, a second liquid crystal layer, a third substrate and a third polarizing layer; wherein, the second polarizing layer is a first metal wire grid polarizer.
可选地，该第一金属线栅偏光片具有第一金属图案，该第一金属图案直接形成于该第二基板的一侧。Optionally, the first metal wire grid polarizer has a first metal pattern, and the first metal pattern is directly formed on one side of the second substrate.
可选地，该第一金属图案为网格状金属图案或者条纹状金属图案。Optionally, the first metal pattern is a grid metal pattern or a stripe metal pattern.
可选地，该第三偏光层为第二金属线栅偏光片。Optionally, the third polarizing layer is a second metal wire grid polarizer.
可选地，该第二金属线栅偏光片具有第二金属图案，该第二金属图像案直接形成于该第三基板的一侧。Optionally, the second metal wire grid polarizer has a second metal pattern, and the second metal image pattern is directly formed on one side of the third substrate.
可选地，该第二金属图案为网格状金属图案或者条纹状金属图案。Optionally, the second metal pattern is a grid-shaped metal pattern or a stripe-shaped metal pattern.
可选地，还包括背光模块，该显示单元位于该背光模块的发光方向的一侧。Optionally, a backlight module is further included, and the display unit is located on one side of the light emitting direction of the backlight module.
可选地，该背光模块为选自侧发光式背光模块或者直下式背光模块。Optionally, the backlight module is selected from a side-emitting backlight module or a direct-lit backlight module.
可选地，该第一偏光层为选自碘系偏光片或者染料系偏光片。Optionally, the first polarizing layer is selected from iodine-based polarizers or dye-based polarizers.
可选地，该第一基板、该第二基板及该第三基板为选自玻璃基板或塑料基板。Optionally, the first substrate, the second substrate and the third substrate are selected from glass substrates or plastic substrates.
本发明的技术效果在于：Technical effect of the present invention is:
本发明的显示装置，借由第一金属线栅偏光片取代现有的双液晶盒的液晶显示装置中的两层偏光片、玻璃基板及其他功能层构成的多层结构，以降低显示装置的厚度。The display device of the present invention replaces the multi-layer structure composed of two layers of polarizers, glass substrates and other functional layers in the liquid crystal display device of the existing double liquid crystal cell by the first metal wire grid polarizer to reduce the weight of the display device. thickness.
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细描述，但不作为对本发明的限定。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but not as a limitation of the present invention.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为现有的具有双液晶盒的显示器的示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing display with double liquid crystal cells;
图2为本发明一实施例的显示装置的示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明另一实施例的显示装置的示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明的结构原理和工作原理作具体的描述：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, structural principle and working principle of the present invention are specifically described:
为使得对本发明的内容有更清楚及更准确的理解，现在将结合附图详细说明，说明书附图示出本发明的实施例的示例，其中，相同的标号表示相同的元件。可以理解的是，说明书附图示出的比例并非本发明实际实施的比例，其仅为示意说明为目的，并未依照原尺寸作图。In order to have a clearer and more accurate understanding of the content of the present invention, it will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show examples of embodiments of the present invention, wherein the same reference numerals represent the same elements. It can be understood that the proportions shown in the drawings of the description are not the proportions of the actual implementation of the present invention, which are for illustrative purposes only, and are not drawn according to the original scale.
图2为本发明一实施例的显示装置的示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
如图2所示，显示装置300具有显示单元310与背光模块320，显示单元310设置于背光模块320的出光方向(如箭头所示)上，背光模块320例如可选自侧发光式背光模块或者直下式背光模块。As shown in Figure 2, the display device 300 has a display unit 310 and a backlight module 320, the display unit 310 is arranged on the light emitting direction (as shown by the arrow) of the backlight module 320, the backlight module 320 can be selected from, for example, a side-emitting backlight module or Direct type backlight module.
显示单元310包括自上而下依序叠置的第一偏光层301、第一基板302、第一液晶层303、第二基板304、第二偏光层305、第二液晶层306、第三基板307以及第三偏光层308，其中，第二偏光层305为第一金属线栅偏光片。The display unit 310 includes a first polarizing layer 301 , a first substrate 302 , a first liquid crystal layer 303 , a second substrate 304 , a second polarizing layer 305 , a second liquid crystal layer 306 , and a third substrate stacked in sequence from top to bottom. 307 and the third polarizing layer 308, wherein the second polarizing layer 305 is a first metal wire grid polarizer.
第一金属线栅偏光片作为独立的片材通过贴附的方式粘贴于第二基板304的一侧(可为第二基板304远离第一液晶层303的一侧，即外侧)，或者，第一金属线栅偏光片具有第一金属图案，第一金属图案直接形成于第二基板304的一侧(可为第二基板304远离第一液晶层303的一侧，即外侧)。具体来讲，第一金属图案直接形成于第二基板304的一侧可包括如下步骤：The first metal wire grid polarizer is attached as an independent sheet to one side of the second substrate 304 (it may be the side of the second substrate 304 away from the first liquid crystal layer 303, that is, the outside), or the second A metal wire grid polarizer has a first metal pattern, and the first metal pattern is directly formed on one side of the second substrate 304 (it may be the side of the second substrate 304 away from the first liquid crystal layer 303 , ie, the outer side). Specifically, forming the first metal pattern directly on one side of the second substrate 304 may include the following steps:
步骤1、于第二基板304的一侧的表面上预先沉积金属层；Step 1, pre-depositing a metal layer on the surface of one side of the second substrate 304;
步骤2、于金属层上涂布光阻层；Step 2, coating a photoresist layer on the metal layer;
步骤3、提供压印模板，采用压印模板进行压印，将所述压印模板上的图案转移至光阻层中，形成光阻图案，所述压印过程可采用热压印或者紫外固化压印的方法实现；Step 3. Provide an embossing template, use the imprinting template to imprint, transfer the pattern on the imprinting template to the photoresist layer to form a photoresist pattern, and the imprinting process can be thermal embossing or UV curing The method of embossing is realized;
步骤4、移除压印模板，去除所述光阻图案底部残留的光阻；Step 4, removing the imprint template, and removing the remaining photoresist at the bottom of the photoresist pattern;
步骤5、以所述光阻图案为掩膜，对所述金属层进行蚀刻后，得到由平行且间隔设置的多条金属线构成的金属线栅，其中，所述多条金属线栅及第二基板304构成第一金属线栅偏光片，第二基板304作为第一金属线栅偏光片的衬底，而平行且间隔设置的多条金属线构成条纹状的第一金属图案。在本发明其他实施例中，第一金属图案还可以是网格状，即，第一金属图案的形状可依据实际需要设定。Step 5, using the photoresist pattern as a mask to etch the metal layer to obtain a metal wire grid composed of a plurality of metal wires arranged in parallel and at intervals, wherein the plurality of metal wire grids and the first The second substrate 304 constitutes a first metal wire grid polarizer, the second substrate 304 serves as a substrate of the first wire grid polarizer, and a plurality of parallel and spaced metal wires constitute a striped first metal pattern. In other embodiments of the present invention, the first metal pattern can also be in a grid shape, that is, the shape of the first metal pattern can be set according to actual needs.
本实施例中，通过于第二基板304的一侧直接形成第一金属图案或者贴附第一金属线栅偏光片取代现有的双液晶盒的液晶显示器100中的第二偏光层105、扩散片30、第三偏光层201以及第三基板202构成的多层结构，使得本发明提供的具有双层液晶层的显示装置300的厚度显着降低，符合显示装置轻薄化的发展趋势。较佳地，相较于显示装置100的厚度，使用金属线栅偏光片后的显示装置300的厚度可降低30％。此外，第一金属线栅偏光层通过贴附或者图案化的方式直接形成在第二基板304的一侧，亦避免了现有的双液晶盒的液晶显示器100中第一显示单元10与第二显示单元20对组时，因第二偏光层105与第三偏光层201相互错位而导致的光线穿透率下降的问题。In this embodiment, by directly forming the first metal pattern on one side of the second substrate 304 or affixing the first metal wire grid polarizer to replace the second polarizing layer 105, the diffusion The multi-layer structure composed of the sheet 30, the third polarizing layer 201 and the third substrate 202 makes the thickness of the display device 300 provided by the present invention with double liquid crystal layers significantly reduced, which conforms to the development trend of light and thin display devices. Preferably, compared with the thickness of the display device 100 , the thickness of the display device 300 after using the metal wire grid polarizer can be reduced by 30%. In addition, the first metal wire grid polarizing layer is directly formed on one side of the second substrate 304 by pasting or patterning, which also avoids the first display unit 10 and the second display unit 100 in the existing double liquid crystal cell liquid crystal display 100. When the display units 20 are paired, the light transmittance decreases due to the misalignment of the second polarizing layer 105 and the third polarizing layer 201 .
图3为本发明另一实施例的显示装置的示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
如图3所示，显示装置300’与显示装置300具有相似的结构，其中，相同标号的元件具有相似的功能，在此不另赘述。显示装置300’与显示装置300的区别在于，显示装置300’的显示单元310’的第三偏光层309为第二金属线栅偏光片。As shown in FIG. 3 , the display device 300 ′ has a similar structure to the display device 300 , wherein elements with the same reference numbers have similar functions, which will not be repeated here. The difference between the display device 300' and the display device 300 is that the third polarizing layer 309 of the display unit 310' of the display device 300' is a second metal wire grid polarizer.
第二金属线栅偏光片作为独立的片材通过贴附的方式粘贴于第三基板307的一侧(可为第三基板307远离第二液晶层306的一侧，即外侧)，或者，第二金属线栅偏光片具有第二金属图案，第二金属图案直接形成于第三基板307的一侧(可为第三基板307远离第二液晶层306的一侧，即外侧)。其中，第二金属线栅图案直接形成于第三基板307的一侧的方法可与第一金属图案直接形成于第二基板304的一侧的步骤相似；第二金属图案的形状例如为条纹状或者网格状。The second metal wire grid polarizer is attached as an independent sheet to one side of the third substrate 307 (it may be the side of the third substrate 307 away from the second liquid crystal layer 306, that is, the outside), or the second The two-metal wire grid polarizer has a second metal pattern, and the second metal pattern is directly formed on one side of the third substrate 307 (it may be the side of the third substrate 307 away from the second liquid crystal layer 306 , ie, the outer side). Wherein, the method of directly forming the second metal wire grid pattern on one side of the third substrate 307 may be similar to the step of directly forming the first metal pattern on one side of the second substrate 304; the shape of the second metal pattern is, for example, a stripe shape or grid-like.
本实施例中，第三偏光层309为第二金属线栅偏光片时，第二金属线栅偏光片的第二金属图案可反射部分自第二液晶层306及/或第一液晶层303中窜出的光线，进而提高背光模块320的光线利用率，增大显示单元310’的出光效率。In this embodiment, when the third polarizing layer 309 is a second metal wire grid polarizer, the second metal pattern of the second metal wire grid polarizer can reflect partly from the second liquid crystal layer 306 and/or the first liquid crystal layer 303 The escaped light further improves the light utilization rate of the backlight module 320 and increases the light extraction efficiency of the display unit 310 ′.
本发明的其它实施例中，第一偏光层301例如为选自碘系偏光片或者染料系偏光片。In other embodiments of the present invention, the first polarizing layer 301 is, for example, selected from iodine-based polarizers or dye-based polarizers.
本发明的其它实施例中，第一基板302、第二基板304及第三基板307为选自玻璃基板或塑料基板。In other embodiments of the present invention, the first substrate 302 , the second substrate 304 and the third substrate 307 are selected from glass substrates or plastic substrates.
在本发明的其它实施例中，显示单元310还可包括其他的功能层使得第一液晶层303与第二液晶层306可被分别控制。具体地，第一基板302靠近第一液晶层303的一侧(内侧)设置第一电极层，第二基板304靠近第一液晶层303的一侧(内侧)设置第二电极层，通过在第一电极层与第二电极层之间输入不同的电压，以使第一液晶层303的液晶分子扭转而显示第一图像；第二基板304靠近第二液晶层306的一侧(外侧)设置第三电极层，第三基板307靠近第二液晶层306的一侧(内侧)设置第四电极层，通过在第三电极层与第四电极层之间输入不同的电压，以使第二液晶层306的液晶分子扭转而显示第二图像。进一步地，依据第一图像而调整第二图像以使得整个显示单元310的对比度提升，而关于如何调整并非本发明的目的，本发明的目的在于以金属线栅偏光层取代现有的双液晶盒的液晶显示装置中的两层偏光片、玻璃基板及其他功能层构成的多层结构，进而在不损失显示对比度的情况下，降低显示装置的厚度。In other embodiments of the present invention, the display unit 310 may further include other functional layers so that the first liquid crystal layer 303 and the second liquid crystal layer 306 can be controlled separately. Specifically, the first electrode layer is provided on the side (inside) of the first substrate 302 close to the first liquid crystal layer 303, and the second electrode layer is provided on the side (inside) of the second substrate 304 close to the first liquid crystal layer 303. Different voltages are input between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, so that the liquid crystal molecules of the first liquid crystal layer 303 are twisted to display the first image; Three electrode layers, the third substrate 307 is provided with a fourth electrode layer on the side (inner side) close to the second liquid crystal layer 306, by inputting different voltages between the third electrode layer and the fourth electrode layer, the second liquid crystal layer The liquid crystal molecules at 306 are twisted to display the second image. Further, the second image is adjusted according to the first image so that the contrast of the entire display unit 310 is improved, but how to adjust is not the purpose of the present invention. The purpose of the present invention is to replace the existing double liquid crystal cell with a metal wire grid polarizing layer The multi-layer structure composed of two layers of polarizers, glass substrates and other functional layers in the liquid crystal display device can reduce the thickness of the display device without losing the display contrast.
当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。Certainly, the present invention also can have other multiple embodiments, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present invention, but these corresponding Changes and deformations should belong to the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.
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| CN201710308501.XACN106932952A (en) | 2017-05-04 | 2017-05-04 | Display device |
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