技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种针对前列腺冷冻消融术中电加热尿道保温装置及控制方法。The invention relates to an electric heating urethral heat preservation device and a control method for prostate cryoablation.
背景技术Background technique
前列腺癌是世界上男性中被诊断出最多的一种恶性肿瘤。大约六分之一的男性会得这种疾病。很多治疗方法都被用于治疗前列腺癌，如外科切除手术，化疗放疗等。如今消融治疗，尤以冷冻消融（Targeted Cryoablation of Prostate Cancer，TCAP）通过低温器械，有控制地使病灶组织经历降温、冻结、复温过程，从而造成肿瘤细胞的不可逆损伤甚至坏死，因其具有定位精确、止血镇痛、术后并发症少、安全性高，对健康组织伤害小等优点，深受广大医生与患者的好评与青睐。Prostate cancer is the most diagnosed malignancy among men in the world. About one in six men will get the disease. Many treatments are used to treat prostate cancer, such as surgical resection, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Today's ablation therapy, especially Targeted Cryoablation of Prostate Cancer (TCAP), uses low-temperature devices to control the lesion tissue through the process of cooling, freezing, and rewarming, thereby causing irreversible damage or even necrosis of tumor cells. Accurate, hemostasis and analgesia, fewer postoperative complications, high safety, and less damage to healthy tissues, etc., are well received and favored by doctors and patients.
尽管TCAP是一种微创技术，报道中提及有17%左右的病人在经过前列腺冷冻消融术后，会引起有关尿失禁、性功能障碍、尿道直肠瘘等并发症，而冷冻坏死组织脱落后易引起急性或迟发性下尿路梗阻。近年来，很多研究都致力于研发热保护装置来限制冷冻消融对周围组织的低温伤害，同时随着尿道温热循环、测温探针等保护装置、影像监测、冷媒技术发展进步、操作技术成熟而发生了很大变化。临床数据表明，尿道直肠瘘的概率降低到了0.4%，尿失禁也降低到了3.1%，因此尿道保温措施是前列腺靶冷冻消融手术保护尿道及其泌尿功能必要手段；虽然尿道保温装置保护了尿道，但可能会有周围环状残存癌组织，增加了癌症复发概率，Perrotte等的研究也证明了这一点，所以，目前不能取代全腺体冷冻治疗方法。快速、精确地提供尿道保温功能，保护尿道组织同时又尽量小的因素影响有效的冷冻边界是尿道保温的关键技术难题。Although TCAP is a minimally invasive technique, reports mentioned that about 17% of patients after prostate cryoablation would cause complications such as urinary incontinence, sexual dysfunction, urethral fistula, etc. Easy to cause acute or delayed lower urinary tract obstruction. In recent years, many studies have been devoted to the development of thermal protection devices to limit the low-temperature damage to surrounding tissues caused by cryoablation. And great changes have taken place. Clinical data show that the probability of urethro-rectal fistula is reduced to 0.4%, and urinary incontinence is also reduced to 3.1%. Therefore, urethral insulation measures are a necessary means to protect the urethra and its urinary function in prostate target cryoablation surgery; although the urethral insulation device protects the urethra, but There may be residual cancer tissue in the surrounding ring, which increases the probability of cancer recurrence. The research of Perrotte et al. has also proved this point. Therefore, it cannot replace whole gland cryotherapy at present. Quickly and accurately providing the urethral insulation function, protecting the urethral tissue while minimizing factors affecting the effective freezing boundary are the key technical problems of urethral insulation.
目前国内TCAP手术中，医生双层管热水换热器或者普通的电加热装置，加热热源至37oC左右，在手术中始终维持这个温度，不加以控制，虽然保护了尿道的正常功能，但也降低了冷冻消融在尿道周围肿瘤组织中的低温杀伤力。At present, in domestic TCAP operations, doctors use double-tube hot water heat exchangers or ordinary electric heating devices to heat the heat source to about 37o C, and maintain this temperature throughout the operation without controlling it. Although the normal function of the urethra is protected, But it also reduces the low-temperature lethality of cryoablation in tumor tissue around the urethra.
经检索现有技术文献发现，目前关于用于前列腺冷冻消融手术测温保温方面，上海交通大学在2007年申请中国专利“CN200710036336.3前列腺消融用尿道温度多点监控导管”，及上海导向医疗系统有限公司在2016年申请的中国专利“CN201510553498.9一种前列腺肿瘤冷冻消融术中尿道保温装置”，这些专利主要是用于尿道前列腺段内壁温度的多点、实时监测，对尿道进行加热保温和对正常导尿管的改造，但并没有对加热装置有所控制。After searching the existing technical literature, it is found that Shanghai Jiaotong University applied for the Chinese patent "CN200710036336.3 Urethral Temperature Multi-point Monitoring Catheter for Prostate Ablation" in 2007, and the Shanghai Guidance Medical System Co., Ltd. applied for the Chinese patent "CN201510553498.9 A urethral heat preservation device for prostate tumor cryoablation" in 2016. A modification to a normal urinary catheter, but without some control over the heating device.
目前市场上还没有一款有效的加热保温装置能够很好地解决冷冻消融手术后癌症复发问题。At present, there is no effective heating and warming device on the market that can well solve the problem of cancer recurrence after cryoablation surgery.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明针对现有前列腺癌冷冻手术过程中，尿道保温装置虽减小对尿道的伤害，但也增加了术后癌症复发率这情况，提供一种智能程序的控制其加热行为的前列腺肿瘤冷冻消融术中尿道保温控制装置及方法，从而控制尿道周围消融区的大小，该装置结构简单，方便易用，针对肿瘤的冷冻消融术提供不同的控制方法。能够测量尿道壁上的真实温度，同时能够及时对信息给予反馈，实现智能程序控制加热启动温度和升温，且电加热丝和热电偶温度感应器皆置于保温管内，最大程度地降低患者在治疗过程中的不便与痛苦。The present invention aims at the fact that the urethral heat preservation device reduces the damage to the urethra in the process of the existing prostate cancer cryosurgery, but also increases the postoperative cancer recurrence rate, and provides an intelligent program to control the heating behavior of the prostate tumor cryoablation The intraoperative urethral heat preservation control device and method control the size of the ablation area around the urethra. The device has a simple structure, is convenient and easy to use, and provides different control methods for cryoablation of tumors. It can measure the real temperature on the urethral wall, and can give feedback to the information in time to realize the intelligent program control of the heating start temperature and temperature rise, and the electric heating wire and thermocouple temperature sensor are placed in the insulation tube to minimize the patient's time during treatment. inconvenience and pain in the process.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的采用的技术方案是：一种前列腺肿瘤冷冻消融术中尿道保温控制装置，包括电加热尿道保温管、热电偶、电加热丝、温度开关、PID温控仪、人机界面、交流电源、直流电源，所述电加热丝和热电偶编织于电加热尿道保温管内的导尿管上，内置的电加热丝和热电偶在电加热尿道保温管内腔引出，与PID温控仪连接，反馈于人机界面上，用于实时显示温度；所述PID温控仪、温度开关和热电偶共同组成控制电路，用于控制电加热尿道保温管中的加热、加热温度、加热时间；所述热电偶采集得到的温度信号处理后与温度开关的设定温度比较，用于控制保温装置内电加热丝上的电流流通与否，同时热电偶采集得到的信号与PID温控仪内的设定温度比较，防止尿道壁上的温度过高，通过PID温控仪自动调节加热电压而达到精确、可控地加热；热电偶与PID温控仪处理成温度信号与温度开关的设定温度比较，从而判定电流的流通与否；所述热电偶采集到的温度信号、温度开关有设定温度、以及PID温控仪的设定温度、电压、加热时间参数显示于人机界面上，实时监测组织的温度。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a urethral heat preservation control device in prostate tumor cryoablation, including an electric heating urethral heat preservation tube, a thermocouple, an electric heating wire, a temperature switch, a PID temperature controller, Man-machine interface, AC power supply, DC power supply, the electric heating wire and thermocouple are braided on the catheter in the electric heating urethral insulation tube, the built-in electric heating wire and thermocouple are drawn out from the inner cavity of the electric heating urethral insulation tube, and PID The temperature controller is connected and fed back on the man-machine interface for real-time display of temperature; the PID temperature controller, temperature switch and thermocouple together form a control circuit for controlling the heating, heating temperature, Heating time; the temperature signal collected by the thermocouple is compared with the set temperature of the temperature switch after processing, and is used to control whether the current on the electric heating wire in the heat preservation device flows or not. At the same time, the signal collected by the thermocouple and the PID temperature control The set temperature in the instrument is compared to prevent the temperature on the urethral wall from being too high, and the heating voltage is automatically adjusted by the PID temperature controller to achieve accurate and controllable heating; the thermocouple and the PID temperature controller are processed into a temperature signal and a temperature switch. Compare the set temperature to determine whether the current flows; the temperature signal collected by the thermocouple, the set temperature of the temperature switch, and the set temperature, voltage, and heating time parameters of the PID temperature controller are displayed on the man-machine interface On, the temperature of the tissue is monitored in real time.
所述人机界面直接与交流电源相连，所述PID温控仪和电加热尿道保温管的电流经转换成为直流电源后与人机界面相连。The man-machine interface is directly connected to the AC power supply, and the electric current of the PID temperature controller and the electric heating urethral insulation tube is converted into a DC power supply and then connected to the man-machine interface.
所述电加热丝3分段螺旋排布在尿道保温管1壁内，满足分段选择性地加热而保护尿道的要求，所述热电偶2编织于硅胶涂层内的电加热丝3外部的中央处附近或者外置三根，用于精确测量温度。The electric heating wire 3 is spirally arranged in the wall of the urethral insulation tube 1 to meet the requirement of selectively heating the urethra in sections, and the thermocouple 2 is woven on the outside of the electric heating wire 3 in the silica gel coating. Near the center or outside three for accurate temperature measurement.
所述的热电偶为铜-康铜热电偶，铜丝与康铜丝分别被绝缘漆包裹，测温范围为-200～100℃，内置热电偶的外径为0.1mm或外置热电偶的外径为0.5 mm，外置热电偶外部以不锈钢外管包覆，若热电偶排布于硅胶涂层内，则热电偶测得的温度，自动修正得到管壁上的温度。The thermocouple is a copper-constantan thermocouple, the copper wire and the constantan wire are respectively wrapped by insulating varnish, the temperature measurement range is -200 ~ 100 ℃, the outer diameter of the built-in thermocouple is 0.1mm or the outer diameter of the external thermocouple is The outer diameter is 0.5 mm, and the outside of the external thermocouple is covered with a stainless steel outer tube. If the thermocouple is arranged in the silicone coating, the temperature measured by the thermocouple is automatically corrected to obtain the temperature on the tube wall.
一种应用前列腺肿瘤冷冻消融术中尿道保温控制装置的控制方法，首先，在电加热尿道保温管上编织入三个热电偶，热电偶测温点在同一直线上，间距为5或8 mm，标记好热电偶的位置，插入尿道后，按照冷刀插入的位置调整电加热尿道保温管的位置，使得热电偶测温点可以测得术中最低温度；设定温度开关的加热启动温度，当其中一个热电偶测得温度为温度开关设定的启动加热温度时候，启动加热，设定PID温控仪的控制温度，当温度低于设定的控制温度时，则加热继续；若温度高于设定和控制温度，则加热停止，并且智能程序会根据尿道组织不同的位置对热量需求不同而提供不同的加热功率，确保其温度在设定的控制范围内。A control method for the urethral heat preservation control device in cryoablation of prostate tumors. First, three thermocouples are braided into the electrically heated urethral heat preservation tube. The temperature measurement points of the thermocouples are on the same straight line with a distance of 5 or 8 mm. Mark the position of the thermocouple, and after inserting it into the urethra, adjust the position of the electric heating urethral insulation tube according to the insertion position of the cold knife, so that the temperature measurement point of the thermocouple can measure the lowest temperature during the operation; set the heating start temperature of the temperature switch, when When the temperature measured by one of the thermocouples is the starting heating temperature set by the temperature switch, start heating and set the control temperature of the PID temperature controller. When the temperature is lower than the set control temperature, the heating will continue; if the temperature is higher than When the temperature is set and controlled, the heating will stop, and the intelligent program will provide different heating power according to the different heat demands of different positions of the urethral tissue to ensure that its temperature is within the set control range.
所述温度开关设定的加热启动温度为10 o -20oC，PID温控仪设定的控制温度为37o-43oC，PID温控仪和温度开关联动的时候，自动完成设定的加热任务，并且精确控制尿道壁上的温度介于-20～43℃之间，使其不受热损伤和低温损伤。The heating start temperature set by the temperature switch is 10o -20o C, the control temperature set by the PID temperature controller is 37o -43o C, when the PID temperature controller and the temperature switch are linked, the setting is automatically completed The heating task, and precisely control the temperature on the urethral wall between -20 ~ 43 ℃, so that it is not damaged by heat and low temperature.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明不仅能精确地测温，且能根据需要进行加热，保护尿道组织，扩大消融区，降低前列腺肿瘤冷冻消融术后复发的几率，同时最大程度保护患者正常的身体机能。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention can not only measure temperature accurately, but also can heat according to needs, protect urethral tissue, expand the ablation area, reduce the probability of recurrence of prostate tumor after cryoablation, and at the same time protect the normal body of the patient to the greatest extent. function.
本发明在原有尿道保温装置实时测温，智能控温的功能的前提下，使之对消融区更精准的控制，增大消融区，减小尿道保温装置对冷冻消融的影响，降低术后癌症复发的概率，即在保护尿道组织的前提下获取最大冷冻消融范围。Under the premise of real-time temperature measurement and intelligent temperature control functions of the original urethral heat preservation device, the present invention enables more precise control of the ablation area, increases the ablation area, reduces the influence of the urethral heat preservation device on cryoablation, and reduces postoperative cancer The probability of recurrence, that is, to obtain the maximum range of cryoablation under the premise of protecting the urethral tissue.
本发明最大的优势在于，温度开关的接入，使得加热行为得到更精准的控制，保温装置对消融术的影响能够极大程度上的减少，同时保温装置也能实时反馈温度的变化，尽量降低病人的痛苦，减少并发症，保护患者身体的机能。The biggest advantage of the present invention is that the access of the temperature switch enables more precise control of the heating behavior, and the influence of the heat preservation device on the ablation can be greatly reduced. Patient's pain, reduce complications, and protect the function of the patient's body.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的前列腺肿瘤冷冻消融术中尿道保温控制装置示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the urethral heat preservation control device in the cryoablation of prostate tumor of the present invention;
图2是本发明的前列腺肿瘤冷冻消融术中尿道保温控制装置中热电偶的放置位置及电阻丝和硅胶涂层示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the placement position of thermocouples, resistance wires and silica gel coating in the urethral heat preservation control device for prostate tumor cryoablation of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图1和具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。这些实施例应理解为仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的保护范围。在阅读了本发明记载的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等效变化和修饰同样落入本发明权利要求所限定的范围。The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 and specific embodiments. These examples should be understood as only for illustrating the present invention but not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention. After reading the contents of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
如图1，2所示，本发明的前列腺肿瘤冷冻消融术中尿道保温控制装置，包括电加热尿道保温管1、热电偶2、电加热丝3、温度开关4、PID温控仪5、人机界面6、电源7。电加热丝3分段螺旋排布在尿道保温管1壁内，满足分段选择性地加热而保护尿道的要求，热电偶2编织于硅胶涂层内的电加热丝3外部的中央处附近或者外置三根，手术时按照管身上标记，调节其位置，尽可能地监测尿道组织的最低温度，便于调节电压对靶向区域进行加热保温。内置的电加热丝3和热电偶2在尿道保温管1内腔引出，与PID温控仪5连接，反馈于人机界面6上，用于实时显示温度。PID温控仪5、温度开关4和热电偶2共同组成控制电路，用于控制电加热尿道保温管1中的加热、加热温度、加热时间；所述热电偶2采集得到的温度信号处理后与温度开关4的设定温度比较，用于控制保温装置内电加热丝3上的电流流通与否，同时热电偶2采集得到的信号与PID温控仪5内的设定温度比较，防止尿道壁上的温度过高，通过PID温控仪5自动调节加热电压而达到精确、可控地加热；热电偶2与PID温控仪5处理成温度信号与温度开关4的设定温度比较，从而判定电流的流通与否；所述热电偶2采集到的温度信号、温度开关4有设定温度、以及PID温控仪5的设定温度、电压、加热时间参数显示于人机界面6上，实时监测组织的温度。人机界面6直接与交流电源7相连，所述PID温控仪5和电加热尿道保温管1的电流经转换成为直流电源8后与人机界面6相连。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the urethral heat preservation control device in the cryoablation of prostate tumors of the present invention includes an electrically heated urethral heat preservation tube 1, a thermocouple 2, an electric heating wire 3, a temperature switch 4, a PID temperature controller 5, and a human body. Machine interface 6, power supply 7. The electric heating wire 3 is spirally arranged in the wall of the urethral insulation tube 1 to meet the requirement of segmental selective heating to protect the urethra. The thermocouple 2 is woven around the center of the outside of the electric heating wire 3 in the silicone coating or There are three external tubes, adjust their position according to the marks on the tube during the operation, and monitor the lowest temperature of the urethral tissue as much as possible, so that it is convenient to adjust the voltage to heat and keep the targeted area. The built-in electric heating wire 3 and thermocouple 2 are led out from the inner cavity of the urethral insulation tube 1, connected with the PID temperature controller 5, and fed back to the man-machine interface 6 for real-time temperature display. The PID temperature controller 5, the temperature switch 4 and the thermocouple 2 jointly form a control circuit, which is used to control the heating, heating temperature, and heating time in the electrically heated urethral insulation tube 1; the temperature signal collected by the thermocouple 2 is processed with The set temperature comparison of the temperature switch 4 is used to control whether the current on the electric heating wire 3 in the heat preservation device flows or not. At the same time, the signal collected by the thermocouple 2 is compared with the set temperature in the PID temperature controller 5 to prevent the urethral wall from If the temperature above is too high, the PID temperature controller 5 automatically adjusts the heating voltage to achieve accurate and controllable heating; the thermocouple 2 and the PID temperature controller 5 process the temperature signal and compare it with the set temperature of the temperature switch 4 to determine Whether the current flows; the temperature signal collected by the thermocouple 2, the temperature switch 4 has a set temperature, and the set temperature, voltage, and heating time parameters of the PID temperature controller 5 are displayed on the man-machine interface 6, real-time Monitor the temperature of the tissue. The man-machine interface 6 is directly connected to the AC power supply 7 , and the current of the PID temperature controller 5 and the electric heating urethral insulation tube 1 is converted into a DC power supply 8 and then connected to the man-machine interface 6 .
实施例提供的利用尿道保温控制装置对尿道进行加热保温的控制方式有6种，在此仅以三种方式给予简单说明。There are 6 control methods for heating and maintaining the urethra by using the urethral heat preservation control device provided in the embodiment, and only three methods are briefly described here.
方式一：method one:
在现用的尿道保温管上编织入三个热电偶，热电偶测温点在同一直线上，间距为5 mm，标记好热电偶的位置，插入尿道后，按照冷刀插入的位置调整保温管的位置，使得热电偶测温点可以测得术中最低温度，设定好温度开关为20oC（热电偶测得温度经校准后得到的温度，为管壁上的温度），当其中一个热电偶测得温度为20oC的时候，启动加热，设定PID温度控制器的控制温度为37oC，当温度低于设定温度时，则加热继续；若温度高于设定温度，则加热停止，并且智能程序会根据尿道组织不同的位置对热量需求不同而提供不同的加热功率，确保其温度在-20~37oC之间。Weave three thermocouples into the existing urethral insulation tube. The temperature measurement points of the thermocouples are on the same straight line with a distance of 5 mm. Mark the positions of the thermocouples. After inserting into the urethra, adjust the insulation tube according to the position where the cold knife is inserted. The position of the thermocouple temperature measurement point can measure the lowest temperature in the operation, set the temperature switch to 20o C (the temperature measured by the thermocouple after calibration is the temperature on the tube wall), when one of When the temperature measured by the thermocouple is 20o C, start heating, set the control temperature of the PID temperature controller to 37o C, when the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the heating continues; if the temperature is higher than the set temperature, Then the heating stops, and the intelligent program will provide different heating power according to the different heat demands of different positions of the urethral tissue, ensuring that its temperature is between -20~37o C.
方式二：Method 2:
在现用的尿道保温管上编织入三个热电偶，热电偶测温点在同一直线上，间距为8 mm，标记好热电偶的位置，插入尿道后，按照冷刀插入的位置调整保温管的位置，使得热电偶测温点可以测得术中最低温度，设定好温度开关为10oC（热电偶测得温度经校准后得到的温度，为管壁上的温度），当其中一个热电偶测得温度为10oC的时候，启动加热，设定PID温控仪的控制温度为43oC，当温度低于设定温度时，则加热继续；若温度高于设定温度，则加热停止，并且智能程序会根据尿道组织不同的位置对热量需求不同而提供不同的加热功率，确保其温度在-20~43oC之间。Weave three thermocouples into the existing urethral insulation tube. The temperature measurement points of the thermocouples are on the same straight line with an interval of 8 mm. Mark the positions of the thermocouples. After inserting into the urethra, adjust the insulation tube according to the position where the cold knife is inserted. The position of the thermocouple temperature measurement point can measure the lowest temperature in the operation, set the temperature switch to 10o C (the temperature measured by the thermocouple after calibration is the temperature on the tube wall), when one of When the temperature measured by the thermocouple is 10o C, start heating, set the control temperature of the PID temperature controller to 43o C, when the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the heating continues; if the temperature is higher than the set temperature, Then the heating stops, and the intelligent program will provide different heating power according to the different heat demands of different positions of the urethral tissue, ensuring that its temperature is between -20~43o C.
方式三：Method 3:
在现用的尿道保温管外部置入三根热电偶，热电偶测温点在同一直线上，间距为8 mm，插入尿道后，按照冷刀插入的位置调整保温管的位置，使得热电偶测温点可以测得术中最低温度，设定好温度开关为10oC，当其中一个热电偶测得温度为10oC的时候，启动加热，设定PID温控仪的控制温度为43oC，当温度低于设定温度时，则加热继续；若温度高于设定温度，则加热停止，并且智能程序会根据尿道组织不同的位置对热量需求不同而提供不同的加热功率，确保其温度在-20~43oC之间。Place three thermocouples outside the existing urethral heat preservation tube. The temperature measurement points of the thermocouples are on the same straight line with an interval of 8 mm. The lowest temperature in the operation can be measured at this point, and the temperature switch is set to 10o C. When the temperature measured by one of the thermocouples is 10o C, the heating is started, and the control temperature of the PID temperature controller is set to 43o C , when the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the heating will continue; if the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the heating will stop, and the intelligent program will provide different heating power according to the different heat requirements of different positions of the urethral tissue to ensure its temperature Between -20~43oC .
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710096225.5ACN106901827A (en) | 2017-02-22 | 2017-02-22 | Urethra temperature preservation control device and method in tumor of prostate cryoablation |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710096225.5ACN106901827A (en) | 2017-02-22 | 2017-02-22 | Urethra temperature preservation control device and method in tumor of prostate cryoablation |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106901827Atrue CN106901827A (en) | 2017-06-30 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710096225.5AWithdrawnCN106901827A (en) | 2017-02-22 | 2017-02-22 | Urethra temperature preservation control device and method in tumor of prostate cryoablation |
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication | Application publication date:20170630 |