技术领域technical field
本发明涉及公共交通管理技术领域，尤其涉及自行车交通系统的信息服务技术领域，具体是指一种公共自行车管理系统及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of public transportation management, in particular to the technical field of information service of bicycle transportation systems, and specifically refers to a public bicycle management system and method.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国经济社会高速发展和人民生活水平的不断提高，我国快速进入了汽车社会。然而，随着汽车数量的飞速增长，带来了能源消耗、环境污染和城市交通管理拥堵等诸多问题。这些问题不仅给人们正常出行带来不便，更危害人们的身体健康。为了解决这些问题，各地政府和管理部门陆续制定和出台了多种解决办法，如控制机动车数量、机动车尾号限行、鼓励电动汽车购置，大力发展地铁、公交等公共交通设施引导人们绿色出行等。With the rapid development of my country's economy and society and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, my country has quickly entered the automobile society. However, with the rapid growth of the number of cars, many problems such as energy consumption, environmental pollution and urban traffic management congestion have been brought. These problems not only bring inconvenience to people's normal travel, but also endanger people's health. In order to solve these problems, local governments and administrative departments have successively formulated and introduced a variety of solutions, such as controlling the number of motor vehicles, restricting the number of motor vehicles, encouraging the purchase of electric vehicles, and vigorously developing public transportation facilities such as subways and buses to guide people to travel green. Wait.
自行车拥有廉价、轻便、环保等优点，一直是人们短距离出行的首选。近年来，国内外出现了很多种公共自行车管理系统，主要是在城市某个区域内间隔一定距离设置存放自行车的点(如地铁站口、学校医院门口、商业园区内)，一般一个存放点可以放置十几辆自行车。然而，这些自行车大都是传统自行车，需要专人维护和修理；多个存放点之间、自行车和存放点之间不能实现通信和信息共享，因此不能高效合理的分配有限的自行车资源。用户使用前需到指定地点办理车卡和押金等相关手续；用户使用时无法第一时间找到附近的自行车存放点；用户使用后需要骑到固定地点存放，而这些地点往往离目的地还有较长距离，这些都给用户带来了极大的不便。Bicycles have the advantages of being cheap, light, and environmentally friendly, and have always been the first choice for people to travel short distances. In recent years, many kinds of public bicycle management systems have emerged at home and abroad, mainly to set up bicycle storage points (such as subway station entrances, school hospital entrances, and business parks) at a certain distance in a certain area of the city. Generally, one storage point can Place a dozen bikes. However, most of these bicycles are traditional bicycles, which require special personnel to maintain and repair; communication and information sharing cannot be realized between multiple storage points, bicycles and storage points, so limited bicycle resources cannot be allocated efficiently and reasonably. Users need to go to the designated place to go through relevant procedures such as car cards and deposits before use; users cannot find nearby bicycle storage points in the first place; users need to ride to fixed places for storage after use, and these places are often far from the destination. Long distance, these have brought great inconvenience to the user.
今年以来，市场上出现了一种共享自行车概念，通过无固定桩、手机扫码开锁、手机app找车、移动支付等方式，一定程度上解决了传统公共自行车存在的问题。然而，随着这种类型自行车数量不断增加，也出现了诸如侵占盲道、机动车道等不规范停放问题，影响公共秩序，给城市非机动车管理带来了困扰。另外，国内用户素质参差不齐，培养良好的使用习惯需要较长的时间，在此之前，城市管理者需要一种更高效、更可靠的自行车控制系统和管理方式。Since the beginning of this year, a concept of shared bicycles has emerged on the market, which solves the problems of traditional public bicycles to a certain extent through methods such as no fixed piles, mobile phone scanning code to unlock, mobile app to find a car, and mobile payment. However, as the number of bicycles of this type continues to increase, irregular parking problems such as encroaching on blind roads and motor vehicle lanes have also appeared, which affects public order and brings troubles to urban non-motorized vehicle management. In addition, the quality of domestic users is uneven, and it takes a long time to develop good usage habits. Before that, city managers need a more efficient and reliable bicycle control system and management method.
本发明在共享自行车基础上，解决其停放无序的主要缺点，继承传统公共自行车可管理、停放整齐、不非法占道的优点，提出虚拟桩技术。在虚拟桩范围内自行车可以还车，在虚拟桩范围外不允许还车，该范围可根据实际应用场景进行调节，不仅可以摒弃传统管理方法中成本较高的锁止器，实现无桩定点还车的目的，并且停车数量不受限制，大幅降低运营成本，同时仍可以用移动终端开锁、找车、支付。On the basis of shared bicycles, the present invention solves the main disadvantage of disorderly parking, inherits the advantages of traditional public bicycles that are manageable, neatly parked, and does not illegally occupy roads, and proposes virtual pile technology. Bikes can be returned within the range of virtual piles, and bicycles are not allowed outside the range of virtual piles. This range can be adjusted according to actual application scenarios, not only can abandon the high-cost locks in traditional management methods, but also realize fixed-point returns without piles. The purpose of the car, and the number of parking is not limited, greatly reducing operating costs, while still using the mobile terminal to unlock, find a car, and pay.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是克服了上述现有技术的缺点，提供了一种能够通过虚拟桩实现公共自行车管理的系统及方法。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, and provide a system and method capable of realizing public bicycle management through virtual piles.
为了实现上述目的，本发明具有如下构成：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following constitutions:
该公共自行车管理系统，包括：The public bicycle management system includes:
车载电子设备，用于向区域电子设备发送自行车的ID号和位置数据，所述的车载电子设备设置于自行车的车锁内，或独立安装于自行车上；The vehicle-mounted electronic equipment is used to send the ID number and location data of the bicycle to the regional electronic equipment, and the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment is arranged in the lock of the bicycle or independently installed on the bicycle;
区域电子设备，用于接收所述的车载电子设备的信号，并将所述的车载电子设备的信息发送至后台管理设备；The regional electronic equipment is used to receive the signal of the vehicle electronic equipment, and send the information of the vehicle electronic equipment to the background management equipment;
后台管理设备，用于接收所述的区域电子设备的信号，对公共自行车进行管理；Backstage management equipment, used to receive the signal of the electronic equipment in the area and manage the public bicycles;
发卡设备，用于向所述的车载电子设备灌入ID数据，并将初始的ID数据发送至所述的后台管理设备。The card issuing device is used to inject ID data into the vehicle-mounted electronic device, and send the initial ID data to the background management device.
较佳地，所述的车载电子设备包括：Preferably, the on-board electronic equipment includes:
车载射频模块，用于接收来自车载处理模块的控制信号，获取所述的ID号和位置数据，对所述的ID号和位置数据进行编码和调制，并通过内置天线发射该ID号和位置数据，所述的车载射频模块通过射频信号与所述的区域电子设备和所述的发卡设备通信。The vehicle-mounted radio frequency module is used to receive the control signal from the vehicle-mounted processing module, obtain the ID number and location data, encode and modulate the ID number and location data, and transmit the ID number and location data through the built-in antenna , the vehicle-mounted radio frequency module communicates with the regional electronic equipment and the card issuing equipment through radio frequency signals.
车载处理模块，用于周期性地向射频模块发送控制信号，唤醒所述的车载射频模块，并存储所述的ID号和位置数据；The vehicle-mounted processing module is used to periodically send a control signal to the radio frequency module, wake up the vehicle-mounted radio frequency module, and store the ID number and location data;
车载电源模块，用于为所述的车载射频模块和所述的车载处理模块供电，所述的车载电源模块包括内部电池和电源管理芯片，或包括外部太阳能电池板和电源管理电路；The vehicle-mounted power supply module is used to supply power to the vehicle-mounted radio frequency module and the described vehicle-mounted processing module, and the vehicle-mounted power supply module includes an internal battery and a power management chip, or includes an external solar panel and a power management circuit;
车载设备外壳，所述的车载射频模块、所述的车载处理模块和所述的车载电源模块设置于所述的车载设备外壳内，所述的车载设备外壳为非金属外壳。The on-vehicle equipment shell, the on-vehicle radio frequency module, the on-vehicle processing module and the on-vehicle power supply module are arranged in the on-vehicle equipment shell, and the on-vehicle equipment shell is a non-metal shell.
较佳地，所述的区域电子设备包括：Preferably, said regional electronic equipment includes:
区域通信模块，用于通过移动通信网络实现所述的区域电子设备与所述的后台管理设备的信息交互；A regional communication module, configured to realize information interaction between the regional electronic device and the background management device through a mobile communication network;
区域设备天线，设置于所述的区域电子设备外壳内，或通过转接头设置于所述的区域电子设备外部，区域射频模块通过所述的区域设备天线接收外部无线信号；The area equipment antenna is set inside the housing of the area electronic equipment, or outside the area electronic equipment through an adapter, and the area radio frequency module receives external wireless signals through the area equipment antenna;
区域射频模块，用于接收所述的车载电子设备发射的射频信号，并分解所述的射频信号得到有效内容，将所述的有效内容发送至所述的区域处理模块，并接收来自区域处理模块的控制信号，调节接收射频信号的有效距离，所述的区域射频模块通过射频信号与所述的车载电子设备通信；The regional radio frequency module is used to receive the radio frequency signal transmitted by the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, and decompose the radio frequency signal to obtain effective content, send the effective content to the regional processing module, and receive information from the regional processing module control signal to adjust the effective distance for receiving radio frequency signals, and the regional radio frequency module communicates with the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment through radio frequency signals;
区域处理模块，用于调节所述的区域射频模块接收信号的有效范围；The regional processing module is used to adjust the effective range of the signal received by the regional radio frequency module;
区域电源模块，用于为所述的区域通信模块、所述的区域射频模块和所述的区域处理模块供电，区域电源模块包括市电供电单元，或包括外部太阳能电池板和电源管理电路；A regional power supply module, used to supply power to the regional communication module, the regional radio frequency module and the regional processing module, the regional power supply module includes a mains power supply unit, or includes an external solar panel and a power management circuit;
区域电子设备外壳，所述的区域射频模块、所述的区域处理模块和所述的区域电源模块设置于所述的车载设备外壳内，当所述的区域设备天线设置于所述的区域电子设备外壳内时，所述的区域电子设备外壳为非金属外壳，当所述的区域设备天线通过转接头设置于所述的区域电子设备外部时，所述的区域电子设备外壳为金属外壳。The regional electronic equipment housing, the regional radio frequency module, the regional processing module and the regional power supply module are arranged in the vehicle equipment casing, when the regional equipment antenna is arranged in the regional electronic equipment When inside the housing, the housing of the regional electronic equipment is a non-metal housing, and when the antenna of the regional equipment is arranged outside the housing of the regional electronic equipment through an adapter, the housing of the regional electronic equipment is a metal housing.
较佳地，所述的后台管理设备包括：Preferably, the background management equipment includes:
服务器，用于对软件、数据库系统和应用软件进行操作，并进行数据处理、数据存储、数据库设施和通信；Servers for operating software, database systems and application software, and for data processing, data storage, database facilities and communications;
管理模块，用于实现自行车在虚拟桩范围内的管理，处理所述的车载电子设备的信息，为PC端、手机端提供多种操作界面，设置用户和管理人员操作权限，所述的管理模块与所述的发卡设备进行数据交互，进行所述的区域电子设备的远程管理，在线修改所述的区域电子设备的设备参数，查看设备状态和设备有效范围。The management module is used to realize the management of the bicycle within the scope of the virtual pile, process the information of the on-board electronic equipment, provide various operation interfaces for the PC terminal and the mobile terminal, and set the operation authority of the user and the management personnel. The management module Perform data interaction with the card issuing device, perform remote management of the regional electronic device, modify the device parameters of the regional electronic device online, and check the device status and effective range of the device.
较佳地，所述的发卡设备包括：Preferably, the card issuing device includes:
发卡射频模块，用于从发卡通信模块中获取所述的车载电子设备的ID数据，通过射频信号将所述的ID数据发送至所述的车载电子设备，接收所述的车载电子设备返回的信息并发送至通信模块；The card-issuing radio frequency module is used to obtain the ID data of the vehicle-mounted electronic device from the card-issuing communication module, send the ID data to the vehicle-mounted electronic device through a radio frequency signal, and receive the information returned by the vehicle-mounted electronic device and sent to the communication module;
发卡天线，所述的发卡天线设置在发卡设备外壳内或通过转接头设置于所述的发卡设备外部，所述的发卡射频模块通过所述的发卡天线接收外部无线信号；The card issuing antenna, the card issuing antenna is set inside the card issuing device shell or outside the card issuing device through an adapter, and the card issuing radio frequency module receives external wireless signals through the card issuing antenna;
发卡通信模块，通过USB或串口与所述的后台管理设备相连接，用于在所述的车载电子设备安装前灌入ID数据，将所述的车载电子设备与灌入信息的一一对应关系传输至所述的后台管理设备并存储，接收所述的发卡射频模块返回的信息并发送至所述的后台管理设备；The card-issuing communication module is connected with the background management device through USB or serial port, and is used to fill in the ID data before the installation of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, and the one-to-one correspondence between the described vehicle-mounted electronic equipment and the injected information Transmit to the background management device and store, receive the information returned by the card issuing radio frequency module and send it to the background management device;
发卡电源模块，用于为发卡通信模块、发卡射频模块供电；The card issuing power supply module is used to supply power to the card issuing communication module and the card issuing radio frequency module;
发卡设备外壳，所述的发卡射频模块、所述的发卡通信模块和所述的发卡电源模块设置于所述的发卡设备外壳内，所述的发卡设备外壳为非金属外壳。The card issuing device shell, the card issuing radio frequency module, the card issuing communication module and the card issuing power supply module are arranged in the card issuing device shell, and the card issuing device shell is a non-metallic shell.
还包括一种基于上述系统的公共自行车的管理方法，所述的方法包括以下步骤：Also comprise a kind of management method based on the public bicycle of above-mentioned system, described method comprises the following steps:
(1)所述的发卡设备向所述的车载电子设备灌入ID数据，并将初始的ID数据发送至所述的后台管理设备；(1) The card-issuing device pours ID data into the vehicle-mounted electronic device, and sends the initial ID data to the background management device;
(2)所述的车载电子设备向所述的区域电子设备发送自行车的ID号和位置数据；(2) The on-vehicle electronic device sends the ID number and location data of the bicycle to the regional electronic device;
(3)所述的区域电子设备接收所述的车载电子设备的信号，并将所述的车载电子设备的信息发送至后台管理设备；(3) The regional electronic equipment receives the signal of the vehicle electronic equipment, and sends the information of the vehicle electronic equipment to the background management equipment;
(4)所述的后台管理设备接收所述的区域电子设备的信号，对公共自行车进行管理。(4) The background management device receives the signal from the regional electronic device and manages the public bicycles.
较佳地，所述的系统还包括发卡射频模块和发卡通信模块，所述的步骤(1)还包括以下步骤：Preferably, the system also includes a card-issuing radio frequency module and a card-issuing communication module, and the step (1) further includes the following steps:
(1-1)所述的发卡通信模块在所述的车载电子设备安装前灌入ID数据，将所述的车载电子设备与灌入信息的一一对应关系传输至所述的后台管理设备并存储；(1-1) The card-issuing communication module is filled with ID data before the installation of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, and transmits the one-to-one correspondence between the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment and the filled information to the background management equipment and storage;
(1-2)所述的发卡射频模块从发卡通信模块中获取所述的车载电子设备的ID数据；(1-2) The card-issuing radio frequency module obtains the ID data of the vehicle-mounted electronic device from the card-issuing communication module;
(1-3)所述的发卡射频模块通过射频信号将所述的ID数据发送至所述的车载电子设备，并接收所述的车载电子设备返回的信息并发送至通信模块；(1-3) The card-issuing radio frequency module sends the ID data to the on-board electronic device through a radio frequency signal, and receives the information returned by the on-board electronic device and sends it to the communication module;
(1-4)所述的发卡通信模块接收所述的发卡射频模块返回的信息并发送至所述的后台管理设备。(1-4) The card issuing communication module receives the information returned by the card issuing radio frequency module and sends it to the background management device.
较佳地，所述的步骤(2)具体为：Preferably, the step (2) is specifically:
所述的车载电子设备获取所述的自行车的ID号和位置数据，对所述的ID号和位置数据进行编码和调制，并通过内置天线发射该ID号和位置数据。The vehicle-mounted electronic device acquires the ID number and location data of the bicycle, encodes and modulates the ID number and location data, and transmits the ID number and location data through the built-in antenna.
较佳地，所述的步骤(3)还包括以下步骤：Preferably, described step (3) also includes the following steps:
(3-1)所述的区域电子设备接收所述的车载电子设备发射的射频信号，并分解所述的射频信号得到有效内容；(3-1) The regional electronic device receives the radio frequency signal transmitted by the vehicle electronic device, and decomposes the radio frequency signal to obtain valid content;
(3-1)所述的区域电子设备将所述的有效内容发送至所述的区域处理模块，并接收来自区域处理模块的控制信号，调节接收射频信号的有效距离。(3-1) The regional electronic device sends the effective content to the regional processing module, and receives a control signal from the regional processing module to adjust the effective distance for receiving radio frequency signals.
较佳地，所述的系统还包括服务器和管理模块，所述的步骤(4)还包括以下步骤：Preferably, the system also includes a server and a management module, and the step (4) also includes the following steps:
(4-1)所述的服务器对软件、数据库系统和应用软件进行操作，并进行数据处理、数据存储、数据库设施和通信；The server described in (4-1) operates the software, database system and application software, and performs data processing, data storage, database facilities and communication;
(4-2)所述的管理模块处理所述的车载电子设备的信息，为PC端、手机端提供多种操作界面；(4-2) The management module processes the information of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, and provides multiple operation interfaces for the PC end and the mobile phone end;
(4-3)通过所述的管理模块设置用户和管理人员操作权限，对所述的区域电子设备进行远程管理，在线修改所述的区域电子设备的设备参数，查看设备状态和设备有效范围。(4-3) Set user and management personnel's operation rights through the management module, remotely manage the regional electronic equipment, modify the equipment parameters of the regional electronic equipment online, and check the equipment status and effective range of equipment.
采用了该发明中的公共自行车管理系统及方法，具有以下有益效果：Adopting the public bicycle management system and method in the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、解决现有共享自行车不规范停放问题，维护城市公共秩序，符合城市非机动车管理要求。1. Solve the problem of irregular parking of existing shared bicycles, maintain urban public order, and meet the requirements of urban non-motor vehicle management.
2、解决现有公共自行车固定桩停放方式使用不便捷、系统成本高、维护复杂、数量受限等问题，使得人们灵活、便捷的使用自行车成为可能。2. Solve the problems of inconvenient use, high system cost, complicated maintenance and limited quantity of existing public bicycle fixed pile parking methods, making it possible for people to use bicycles flexibly and conveniently.
3、所需硬件设备可以集成在自行车车锁内，也可独立安装在自行车上，系统成本低、可靠性高。3. The required hardware equipment can be integrated in the bicycle lock or independently installed on the bicycle. The system has low cost and high reliability.
4、虚拟桩有效范围可调节，满足各种应用场景对范围的不同要求。4. The effective range of the virtual pile can be adjusted to meet the different requirements of various application scenarios for the range.
5、响应国家节能减排、绿色出行的号召，充分利用已有共享和公共自行车资源，不会造成额外浪费，同时更利于政府和相关部门对公共/共享自行车的管理。5. In response to the national call for energy conservation, emission reduction, and green travel, make full use of existing shared and public bicycle resources, without causing additional waste, and at the same time, it is more conducive to the management of public/shared bicycles by the government and relevant departments.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的公共自行车管理系统及方法的示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the public bicycle management system and method of the present invention.
图2为本发明的公共自行车管理系统及方法的发卡设备的示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the card issuing device of the public bicycle management system and method of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了能够更清楚地描述本发明的技术内容，下面结合具体实施例来进行进一步的描述。In order to describe the technical content of the present invention more clearly, further description will be given below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
该公共自行车管理系统，包括：The public bicycle management system includes:
车载电子设备，用于向区域电子设备发送自行车的ID号和位置数据，所述的车载电子设备设置于自行车的车锁内，或独立安装于自行车上；The vehicle-mounted electronic equipment is used to send the ID number and location data of the bicycle to the regional electronic equipment, and the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment is arranged in the lock of the bicycle or independently installed on the bicycle;
区域电子设备，用于接收所述的车载电子设备的信号，并将所述的车载电子设备的信息发送至后台管理设备；The regional electronic equipment is used to receive the signal of the vehicle electronic equipment, and send the information of the vehicle electronic equipment to the background management equipment;
后台管理设备，用于接收所述的区域电子设备的信号，对公共自行车进行管理；Backstage management equipment, used to receive the signal of the electronic equipment in the area and manage the public bicycles;
发卡设备，用于向所述的车载电子设备灌入ID数据，并将初始的ID数据发送至所述的后台管理设备。The card issuing device is used to inject ID data into the vehicle-mounted electronic device, and send the initial ID data to the background management device.
在一种较佳的实施方式中，所述的车载电子设备包括：In a preferred embodiment, the on-board electronic equipment includes:
车载射频模块，用于接收来自车载处理模块的控制信号，获取所述的ID号和位置数据，对所述的ID号和位置数据进行编码和调制，并通过内置天线发射该ID号和位置数据，所述的车载射频模块通过射频信号与所述的区域电子设备和所述的发卡设备通信。The vehicle-mounted radio frequency module is used to receive the control signal from the vehicle-mounted processing module, obtain the ID number and location data, encode and modulate the ID number and location data, and transmit the ID number and location data through the built-in antenna , the vehicle-mounted radio frequency module communicates with the regional electronic equipment and the card issuing equipment through radio frequency signals.
车载处理模块，用于周期性地向射频模块发送控制信号，唤醒所述的车载射频模块，并存储所述的ID号和位置数据；The vehicle-mounted processing module is used to periodically send a control signal to the radio frequency module, wake up the vehicle-mounted radio frequency module, and store the ID number and location data;
车载电源模块，用于为所述的车载射频模块和所述的车载处理模块供电，所述的车载电源模块包括内部电池和电源管理芯片，或包括外部太阳能电池板和电源管理电路；The vehicle-mounted power supply module is used to supply power to the vehicle-mounted radio frequency module and the described vehicle-mounted processing module, and the vehicle-mounted power supply module includes an internal battery and a power management chip, or includes an external solar panel and a power management circuit;
车载设备外壳，所述的车载射频模块、所述的车载处理模块和所述的车载电源模块设置于所述的车载设备外壳内，所述的车载设备外壳为非金属外壳。The on-vehicle equipment shell, the on-vehicle radio frequency module, the on-vehicle processing module and the on-vehicle power supply module are arranged in the on-vehicle equipment shell, and the on-vehicle equipment shell is a non-metal shell.
在一种较佳的实施方式中，所述的区域电子设备包括：In a preferred embodiment, the regional electronic equipment includes:
区域通信模块，用于通过移动通信网络实现所述的区域电子设备与所述的后台管理设备的信息交互；A regional communication module, configured to realize information interaction between the regional electronic device and the background management device through a mobile communication network;
区域设备天线，设置于所述的区域电子设备外壳内，或通过转接头设置于所述的区域电子设备外部，区域射频模块通过所述的区域设备天线接收外部无线信号；The area equipment antenna is set inside the housing of the area electronic equipment, or outside the area electronic equipment through an adapter, and the area radio frequency module receives external wireless signals through the area equipment antenna;
区域射频模块，用于接收所述的车载电子设备发射的射频信号，并分解所述的射频信号得到有效内容，将所述的有效内容发送至所述的区域处理模块，并接收来自区域处理模块的控制信号，调节接收射频信号的有效距离，所述的区域射频模块通过射频信号与所述的车载电子设备通信；The regional radio frequency module is used to receive the radio frequency signal transmitted by the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, and decompose the radio frequency signal to obtain effective content, send the effective content to the regional processing module, and receive information from the regional processing module control signal to adjust the effective distance for receiving radio frequency signals, and the regional radio frequency module communicates with the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment through radio frequency signals;
区域处理模块，用于调节所述的区域射频模块接收信号的有效范围；The regional processing module is used to adjust the effective range of the signal received by the regional radio frequency module;
区域电源模块，用于为所述的区域通信模块、所述的区域射频模块和所述的区域处理模块供电，区域电源模块包括市电供电单元，或包括外部太阳能电池板和电源管理电路；A regional power supply module, used to supply power to the regional communication module, the regional radio frequency module and the regional processing module, the regional power supply module includes a mains power supply unit, or includes an external solar panel and a power management circuit;
区域电子设备外壳，所述的区域射频模块、所述的区域处理模块和所述的区域电源模块设置于所述的车载设备外壳内，当所述的区域设备天线设置于所述的区域电子设备外壳内时，所述的区域电子设备外壳为非金属外壳，当所述的区域设备天线通过转接头设置于所述的区域电子设备外部时，所述的区域电子设备外壳为金属外壳。The regional electronic equipment housing, the regional radio frequency module, the regional processing module and the regional power supply module are arranged in the vehicle equipment casing, when the regional equipment antenna is arranged in the regional electronic equipment When inside the housing, the housing of the regional electronic equipment is a non-metal housing, and when the antenna of the regional equipment is arranged outside the housing of the regional electronic equipment through an adapter, the housing of the regional electronic equipment is a metal housing.
在一种较佳的实施方式中，所述的后台管理设备包括：In a preferred embodiment, the background management device includes:
服务器，用于对软件、数据库系统和应用软件进行操作，并进行数据处理、数据存储、数据库设施和通信；Servers for operating software, database systems and application software, and for data processing, data storage, database facilities and communications;
管理模块，用于实现自行车在虚拟桩范围内的管理，处理所述的车载电子设备的信息，为PC端、手机端提供多种操作界面，设置用户和管理人员操作权限，所述的管理模块与所述的发卡设备进行数据交互，进行所述的区域电子设备的远程管理，在线修改所述的区域电子设备的设备参数，查看设备状态和设备有效范围。The management module is used to realize the management of the bicycle within the scope of the virtual pile, process the information of the on-board electronic equipment, provide various operation interfaces for the PC terminal and the mobile terminal, and set the operation authority of the user and the management personnel. The management module Perform data interaction with the card issuing device, perform remote management of the regional electronic device, modify the device parameters of the regional electronic device online, and check the device status and effective range of the device.
在一种较佳的实施方式中，所述的发卡设备包括：In a preferred embodiment, the card issuing device includes:
发卡射频模块，用于从发卡通信模块中获取所述的车载电子设备的ID数据，通过射频信号将所述的ID数据发送至所述的车载电子设备，接收所述的车载电子设备返回的信息并发送至通信模块；The card-issuing radio frequency module is used to obtain the ID data of the vehicle-mounted electronic device from the card-issuing communication module, send the ID data to the vehicle-mounted electronic device through a radio frequency signal, and receive the information returned by the vehicle-mounted electronic device and sent to the communication module;
发卡天线，所述的发卡天线设置在发卡设备外壳内或通过转接头设置于所述的发卡设备外部，所述的发卡射频模块通过所述的发卡天线接收外部无线信号；The card issuing antenna, the card issuing antenna is set inside the card issuing device shell or outside the card issuing device through an adapter, and the card issuing radio frequency module receives external wireless signals through the card issuing antenna;
发卡通信模块，通过USB或串口与所述的后台管理设备相连接，用于在所述的车载电子设备安装前灌入ID数据，将所述的车载电子设备与灌入信息的一一对应关系传输至所述的后台管理设备并存储，接收所述的发卡射频模块返回的信息并发送至所述的后台管理设备；The card-issuing communication module is connected with the background management device through USB or serial port, and is used to fill in the ID data before the installation of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, and the one-to-one correspondence between the described vehicle-mounted electronic equipment and the injected information Transmit to the background management device and store, receive the information returned by the card issuing radio frequency module and send it to the background management device;
发卡电源模块，用于为发卡通信模块、发卡射频模块供电；The card issuing power supply module is used to supply power to the card issuing communication module and the card issuing radio frequency module;
发卡设备外壳，所述的发卡射频模块、所述的发卡通信模块和所述的发卡电源模块设置于所述的发卡设备外壳内，所述的发卡设备外壳为非金属外壳。The card issuing device shell, the card issuing radio frequency module, the card issuing communication module and the card issuing power supply module are arranged in the card issuing device shell, and the card issuing device shell is a non-metallic shell.
还包括一种基于上述系统的公共自行车的管理方法，所述的方法包括以下步骤：Also comprise a kind of management method based on the public bicycle of above-mentioned system, described method comprises the following steps:
(1)所述的发卡设备向所述的车载电子设备灌入ID数据，并将初始的ID数据发送至所述的后台管理设备；(1) The card-issuing device pours ID data into the vehicle-mounted electronic device, and sends the initial ID data to the background management device;
(2)所述的车载电子设备向所述的区域电子设备发送自行车的ID号和位置数据；(2) The on-vehicle electronic device sends the ID number and location data of the bicycle to the regional electronic device;
(3)所述的区域电子设备接收所述的车载电子设备的信号，并将所述的车载电子设备的信息发送至后台管理设备；(3) The regional electronic equipment receives the signal of the vehicle electronic equipment, and sends the information of the vehicle electronic equipment to the background management equipment;
(4)所述的后台管理设备接收所述的区域电子设备的信号，对公共自行车进行管理。(4) The background management device receives the signal from the regional electronic device and manages the public bicycles.
在一种较佳的实施方式中，所述的系统还包括发卡射频模块和发卡通信模块，所述的步骤(1)还包括以下步骤：In a preferred embodiment, the system also includes a card-issuing radio frequency module and a card-issuing communication module, and the step (1) also includes the following steps:
(1-1)所述的发卡通信模块在所述的车载电子设备安装前灌入ID数据，将所述的车载电子设备与灌入信息的一一对应关系传输至所述的后台管理设备并存储；(1-1) The card-issuing communication module is filled with ID data before the installation of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, and transmits the one-to-one correspondence between the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment and the filled information to the background management equipment and storage;
(1-2)所述的发卡射频模块从发卡通信模块中获取所述的车载电子设备的ID数据；(1-2) The card-issuing radio frequency module obtains the ID data of the vehicle-mounted electronic device from the card-issuing communication module;
(1-3)所述的发卡射频模块通过射频信号将所述的ID数据发送至所述的车载电子设备，并接收所述的车载电子设备返回的信息并发送至通信模块；(1-3) The card-issuing radio frequency module sends the ID data to the on-board electronic device through a radio frequency signal, and receives the information returned by the on-board electronic device and sends it to the communication module;
(1-4)所述的发卡通信模块接收所述的发卡射频模块返回的信息并发送至所述的后台管理设备。(1-4) The card issuing communication module receives the information returned by the card issuing radio frequency module and sends it to the background management device.
在一种较佳的实施方式中，所述的步骤(2)具体为：In a preferred embodiment, the step (2) is specifically:
所述的车载电子设备获取所述的自行车的ID号和位置数据，对所述的ID号和位置数据进行编码和调制，并通过内置天线发射该ID号和位置数据。The vehicle-mounted electronic device acquires the ID number and location data of the bicycle, encodes and modulates the ID number and location data, and transmits the ID number and location data through the built-in antenna.
在一种较佳的实施方式中，所述的步骤(3)还包括以下步骤：In a preferred embodiment, the step (3) also includes the following steps:
(3-1)所述的区域电子设备接收所述的车载电子设备发射的射频信号，并分解所述的射频信号得到有效内容；(3-1) The regional electronic device receives the radio frequency signal transmitted by the vehicle electronic device, and decomposes the radio frequency signal to obtain valid content;
(3-1)所述的区域电子设备将所述的有效内容发送至所述的区域处理模块，并接收来自区域处理模块的控制信号，调节接收射频信号的有效距离。(3-1) The regional electronic device sends the effective content to the regional processing module, and receives a control signal from the regional processing module to adjust the effective distance for receiving radio frequency signals.
在一种较佳的实施方式中，所述的系统还包括服务器和管理模块，所述的步骤(4)还包括以下步骤：In a preferred embodiment, the system also includes a server and a management module, and the step (4) also includes the following steps:
(4-1)所述的服务器对软件、数据库系统和应用软件进行操作，并进行数据处理、数据存储、数据库设施和通信；The server described in (4-1) operates the software, database system and application software, and performs data processing, data storage, database facilities and communication;
(4-2)所述的管理模块处理所述的车载电子设备的信息，为PC端、手机端提供多种操作界面；(4-2) The management module processes the information of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment, and provides multiple operation interfaces for the PC end and the mobile phone end;
(4-3)通过所述的管理模块设置用户和管理人员操作权限，对所述的区域电子设备进行远程管理，在线修改所述的区域电子设备的设备参数，查看设备状态和设备有效范围。(4-3) Set user and management personnel's operation rights through the management module, remotely manage the regional electronic equipment, modify the equipment parameters of the regional electronic equipment online, and check the equipment status and effective range of equipment.
在一种更具体的实施方式中，如图1所示，主要包括：In a more specific implementation, as shown in Figure 1, it mainly includes:
自行车车载电子设备，该设备可以集成于自行车车锁内，也可独立安装在自行车上。该设备由射频模块、处理模块、电源模块、外壳等部分组成。射频模块，采用有源RFID或者蓝牙技术，当然也可采用其他用于定位的射频技术。该模块接收来自处理模块的控制信号，从休眠状态中被唤醒，然后从处理模块中获取的车载电子设备(即自行车)的ID号、位置等数据，编码、调制后通过内置板上天线向外发射，发射完毕后自动进入休眠状态，等待下次被唤醒。处理模块，通过内部程序每间隔一定时间向射频模块发送控制信号，用来唤醒射频模块，同时该模块存储车载电子设备ID号、位置等数据。处理模块可内部产生或从外部获取当前位置信息。电源模块，为射频模块和处理模块供电，可采用内部电池加电源管理芯片方式，也可以通过外部太阳能电池板加上相应的电源管理电路等方式供电，以满足射频模块和处理模块对不同电压、电流值需求。外壳内安装上述射频模块、处理模块和电源模块，外壳为非金属材质，达到IP65等级，可防水、防尘。The on-board electronic equipment of the bicycle can be integrated in the bicycle lock, and can also be independently installed on the bicycle. The device is composed of radio frequency module, processing module, power module, shell and other parts. The radio frequency module adopts active RFID or Bluetooth technology, and of course other radio frequency technologies for positioning can also be used. The module receives the control signal from the processing module, wakes up from the dormant state, and then obtains the ID number, location and other data of the vehicle-mounted electronic device (that is, the bicycle) from the processing module, encodes and modulates it to the outside through the built-in on-board antenna After launching, it will automatically enter the dormant state after launching, waiting for the next wake-up. The processing module sends control signals to the radio frequency module at regular intervals through the internal program to wake up the radio frequency module, and at the same time, the module stores data such as the ID number and location of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment. The processing module can generate the current location information internally or acquire it from the outside. The power supply module supplies power for the radio frequency module and the processing module. It can be powered by an internal battery plus a power management chip, or it can be powered by an external solar panel plus a corresponding power management circuit to meet the needs of the radio frequency module and the processing module. Current value demand. The above-mentioned radio frequency module, processing module and power module are installed in the shell, and the shell is made of non-metallic material, reaching IP65 level, and can be waterproof and dustproof.
区域电子设备，包含通信模块、天线、射频模块、处理模块、电源模块、外壳等。通信模块，采用2G/3G/4G移动通信技术或者wifi技术，通过移动通信网络实现该设备与后台中心的信息交互。射频模块一直处于监听状态，接收来自任意一个自行车车载电子设备发射的射频信号，并分解出有效内容，发送给处理模块。该模块同时也接收来自处理模块的控制信号，用来调节该模块接收射频信号的有效距离。当射频模块内部包含处理功能时，也可省去外部的处理模块。处理模块，通过内部程序发送控制信号，用来调节射频模块接收信号的有效范围。当射频模块内部包含处理功能时，也可省去外部的处理模块。天线，可以内置在外壳内，也可以通过转接头放置于设备外部，射频模块通过天线接收外部无线信号。电源模块，为通信模块、射频模块和处理模块供电，采用市电供电，也可以通过外部太阳能电池板加上相应的电源管理电路等方式供电。外壳内安装上述通信模块、射频模块、处理模块和电源模块，外壳为非金属材质(天线内置)或金属材质(天线外置)，达到IP65等级，可防水、防尘。Regional electronic equipment, including communication modules, antennas, radio frequency modules, processing modules, power modules, housings, etc. The communication module adopts 2G/3G/4G mobile communication technology or wifi technology, and realizes the information interaction between the device and the background center through the mobile communication network. The radio frequency module is always in the monitoring state, receiving the radio frequency signal emitted by any electronic device on the bicycle, decomposing the effective content and sending it to the processing module. The module also receives a control signal from the processing module at the same time, which is used to adjust the effective distance for the module to receive the radio frequency signal. When the radio frequency module includes a processing function inside, the external processing module can also be omitted. The processing module sends a control signal through an internal program to adjust the effective range of the signal received by the radio frequency module. When the radio frequency module includes a processing function inside, the external processing module can also be omitted. The antenna can be built into the casing, or placed outside the device through an adapter, and the radio frequency module receives external wireless signals through the antenna. The power supply module supplies power for the communication module, radio frequency module and processing module, using mains power supply, or through an external solar panel plus a corresponding power management circuit. The above-mentioned communication module, radio frequency module, processing module and power supply module are installed in the casing, and the casing is made of non-metallic material (with built-in antenna) or metal material (with external antenna), which reaches IP65 level and is waterproof and dustproof.
后台中心包含服务器和管理软件。服务器中有存储本系统所有设备相关信息的数据库，支持管理软件的各项操作。管理软件提供PC端、手机端等多种操作界面，设置用户和管理人员操作权限；支持后台中心与发卡设备进行数据交互；支持后台中心与其他电子设备或控制管理系统进行数据交互；支持区域电子设备远程管理，在线修改设备参数，查看设备状态、设备有效范围等信息。The background center contains servers and management software. There is a database in the server that stores all the equipment-related information of the system, and supports various operations of the management software. The management software provides various operation interfaces such as PC terminal and mobile terminal, and sets the operation authority of users and managers; supports data interaction between the background center and card issuing equipment; supports data interaction between the background center and other electronic devices or control management systems; supports regional electronic Device remote management, modify device parameters online, view device status, device effective range and other information.
发卡设备，如图2所示，包括射频模块、天线、通信模块、电源模块、外壳等。射频模块，采用有源RFID或者蓝牙技术，当然也可采用其他用于定位的射频技术。该模块上电后启用，从通信模块中获取车载电子设备ID号等相关数据，然后与自行车车载电子设备建立通信，将这些数据发送给自行车车载电子设备，同时接收该设备返回的信息并发送给通信模块。通信模块采用USB、串口等通信方式连接后台中心，从后台中心获取车载电子设备ID号等相关数据，接收射频模块返回的信息并发送至后台中心。电源模块，为通信模块、射频模块供电，可采用USB、市电等多种方式供电。天线，可以内置在外壳内，也可以通过转接头放置于设备外部，射频模块通过天线接收外部无线信号。外壳内安装上述射频模块、处理模块和电源模块，外壳为非金属材质。The card issuing device, as shown in Figure 2, includes a radio frequency module, an antenna, a communication module, a power module, a casing, and the like. The radio frequency module adopts active RFID or Bluetooth technology, and of course other radio frequency technologies for positioning can also be used. The module is enabled after power-on, and obtains relevant data such as the ID number of the vehicle-mounted electronic device from the communication module, and then establishes communication with the bicycle-mounted electronic device, sends these data to the bicycle-mounted electronic device, and at the same time receives the information returned by the device and sends it to communication module. The communication module uses USB, serial port and other communication methods to connect to the background center, obtains relevant data such as the ID number of the vehicle electronic device from the background center, receives the information returned by the radio frequency module and sends it to the background center. The power supply module supplies power for the communication module and the radio frequency module, and can be powered by various methods such as USB and mains power. The antenna can be built into the casing, or placed outside the device through an adapter, and the radio frequency module receives external wireless signals through the antenna. The above-mentioned radio frequency module, processing module and power supply module are installed in the casing, and the casing is made of non-metallic material.
采用了该发明中的公共自行车管理系统及方法，具有以下有益效果：Adopting the public bicycle management system and method in the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、解决现有共享自行车不规范停放问题，维护城市公共秩序，符合城市非机动车管理要求。1. Solve the problem of irregular parking of existing shared bicycles, maintain urban public order, and meet the requirements of urban non-motor vehicle management.
2、解决现有公共自行车固定桩停放方式使用不便捷、系统成本高、维护复杂、数量受限等问题，使得人们灵活、便捷的使用自行车成为可能。2. Solve the problems of inconvenient use, high system cost, complicated maintenance and limited quantity of existing public bicycle fixed pile parking methods, making it possible for people to use bicycles flexibly and conveniently.
3、所需硬件设备可以集成在自行车车锁内，也可独立安装在自行车上，系统成本低、可靠性高。3. The required hardware equipment can be integrated in the bicycle lock or independently installed on the bicycle. The system has low cost and high reliability.
4、虚拟桩有效范围可调节，满足各种应用场景对范围的不同要求。4. The effective range of the virtual pile can be adjusted to meet the different requirements of various application scenarios for the range.
5、响应国家节能减排、绿色出行的号召，充分利用已有共享和公共自行车资源，不会造成额外浪费，同时更利于政府和相关部门对公共/共享自行车的管理。5. In response to the national call for energy conservation, emission reduction, and green travel, make full use of existing shared and public bicycle resources, without causing additional waste, and at the same time, it is more conducive to the management of public/shared bicycles by the government and relevant departments.
在此说明书中，本发明已参照其特定的实施例作了描述。但是，很显然仍可以作出各种修改和变换而不背离本发明的精神和范围。因此，说明书和附图应被认为是说明性的而非限制性的。In this specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. However, it is obvious that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710073043.6ACN106898093A (en) | 2017-02-10 | 2017-02-10 | Public bicycles management system and method |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710073043.6ACN106898093A (en) | 2017-02-10 | 2017-02-10 | Public bicycles management system and method |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106898093Atrue CN106898093A (en) | 2017-06-27 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710073043.6APendingCN106898093A (en) | 2017-02-10 | 2017-02-10 | Public bicycles management system and method |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN106898093A (en) |
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