A kind of accumulator of electric car replaces dead battery method in safeguardingTechnical field
The invention belongs to battery detecting technical field, and in particular to a kind of accumulator of electric car replaces failure electricity in safeguardingThe method in pond.
Background technology
Lithium battery in actual applications, generally requires multi-section serial using the requirement for reaching voltage, at present due to batteryGroup technology not enough good, battery with two side terminals be also difficult to be guaranteed, with the increase of charge and discharge cycles number of times, between batteryDifference also can be increasing, cause battery management system SOC calculate and control strategy in terms of there are problems that it is a lot, influenceThe service life of battery pack.We in battery pack and other cell uniformity battery far short of what is expected be called dead battery,If can dead battery find out or look-ahead out, using and managing all and will have very big good to battery packPlace.
The inherent attribute parameter of battery is relatively difficult to measurement now, and the treatment of reply dead battery at present is not gone also in the industryEffective method, method is mainly measured etc. by internal resistance measurement, charge/discharge capacity, because the accuracy and practicality etc. that measure are depositedIn limitation, so as to all can not well solve the problem.
In battery service, always there are the job requirements for changing battery.In order to ensure the harmony of batteries, replacing is got onBattery, its structural capacity and retained storage capacity should be consistent with the state instantly of batteries.This is difficult in actual processWith what is accomplished.The battery generally changed, retained storage capacity and structural capacity can all be more than the batteries safeguarded；If replaced withThe battery for going, in recycling several times, can progressively reach unanimity with other batteries of battery pack, and this just relaxes operation limitSystem, lead-acid battery inherently has the advantage that.Lithium battery is then different, and the monitoring for having BMS due to lithium battery, what is changed is electricSingle battery, if structural capacity is more than other batteries of battery pack, retained storage capacity is less than other batteries, is just shown during charging" soft " characteristic, does not influence on battery pack.But low voltage during electric discharge, BMS will clamp down on the discharge capacity of whole group battery so thatWhole group discharge capacity reduces.The reduction of whole group battery charging capacity can be also clamped down on if retained storage capacity is higher, during charging.Here it isWith the maintaining method for providing for simple replacement of high-quality single battery, the immanent cause of the reliability of electric automobile will not be increased；ForThe deficiencies in the prior art part, it is necessary to develop the uniformity of battery capacity, substitute mode before and after ensureing to change simpleAccumulator of electric car replaces dead battery method in safeguarding.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide battery capacity before and after a kind of guarantee is changedUniformity, the simple accumulator of electric car of substitute mode method that dead battery is replaced in safeguarding.
The present invention is realized by the following means：
A kind of accumulator of electric car replaces dead battery method in safeguarding, specific replacement step is：
1）Behindhand battery is positioned using the battery on-line detecting system of battery, finds out dead battery, and utilize electric power storageThe voltage U values and corresponding current value of the discharge process of BMS systems record battery, are stored in pond；
2）Load current detection is carried out to spare unit battery using with BMS systems record identical current value, voltage is if above U valuesIt is accomplished by with same current discharge to U state of value；If voltage reaches U-shaped state less than U values during to its discharge examination, obtainThe spare unit battery of identical dynamic load ability；
3）By step 2）Spare unit battery and the dead battery for obtaining are replaced.
Described battery on-line detecting system includes control module, monitoring modular and host computer, voltage, electricity to batteryStream, internal resistance, temperature, SOC and SOH parameters are acquired.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
In the present invention, use the technology, it can be ensured that change single battery after, battery group capacity state it is consistentProperty；The dynamic load ability of battery is measured, dynamic load ability identical battery can be applied in combination；Specific implementation method is formerHave on the BMS of battery, record has the voltage U values and corresponding current value of the discharge process of battery, is used during spare unit battery replacementSame load current detection, voltage is accomplished by with same current discharge to U state of value if above U values；If voltage is lowIn U values, it is necessary to charge, make to reach U-shaped state during its discharge examination；Therefore, battery pack is held before and after there is the present invention guarantee to changeThe simple advantage of the uniformity of amount, substitute mode.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the hardware structure diagram of battery on-line detecting system.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention and accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, completeGround description, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on thisEmbodiment in invention, the every other reality that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not madeExample is applied, the scope of protection of the invention is belonged to.
A kind of accumulator of electric car replaces dead battery method in safeguarding, specific replacement step is：
1）Behindhand battery is positioned using the battery on-line detecting system of battery, finds out dead battery, and utilize electric power storageThe voltage U values and corresponding current value of the discharge process of BMS systems record battery, are stored in pond；
2）Load current detection is carried out to spare unit battery using with BMS systems record identical current value, voltage is if above U valuesIt is accomplished by with same current discharge to U state of value；If voltage reaches U-shaped state less than U values during to its discharge examination, obtainThe spare unit battery of identical dynamic load ability；
3）By step 2）Spare unit battery and the dead battery for obtaining are replaced.
Battery on-line detecting system includes control module, monitoring modular and host computer, voltage, electric current to battery, interiorResistance, temperature, SOC and SOH parameters are acquired.One control module can access multiple monitoring modulars, complete to different batteriesThe monitoring management of the Li-ion batteries piles of number of elements and different voltage specifications, can simultaneously manage two groups of lithium ion batteries.Per Battery packGroup has 24 test points.
Control module：For data transfer, treatment and man-machine interface operation, with long-range（Concentrate）RS485 interfaces, prisonSurvey module control mouth, operation keyboard, Chinesizing display panel, sound and light alarm and warning output node.Control module shows electricity in real timePond data, intellectual analysis data are carried out and alarm to abnormal battery operation situation.Monitoring modular is controlled by bus structuresWork, collects the data of monitoring modular collection, and event to occurring carries out judgement and processes and send sound and light alarm, completes dataCommunication, storage and inquiry etc. function.
Monitoring modular：For patrolling and examining for lithium ion battery data, built-in CPU independences high speed operation, except carrying out conventional voltage, electricityThe monitoring such as stream, temperature is outer, can accurately monitor the internal resistance of cell after being connected with internal resistance monitoring unit on-line.Monitoring modular is arranged on batteryNear, with control module, connection is communicated between PC, facilitate field connection to install.
Host computer：The function of completion is substantially the same with the function that control module is completed, and can replace control module.
Described in BMS including voltage acquisition module, temperature collect module, current acquisition module, charge and discharge control module, heatManagement control module, equalization control module, 485 communication modules and CAN communication modules and the MCU processors being connected with each module,Wherein,
Voltage acquisition module is made up of switch selection circuit, 12 ADC in operational amplifier OP279, MCU inside；
Current acquisition module is Closed Loop Hall；Described temperature collect module uses thermistor NTC；
Balance route mould realizes Balance route using switching device and resistor coupled in parallel using equalization methods are damaged at battery two ends；
Described charge and discharge control module is the break-make for controlling battery set charge/discharge loop；Described heat management control module passes throughThe break-make of control fan or heater is realized；
Described CAN communication modules are generally by CAN insulating power supplies, communication isolation circuit, CAN transmission circuits, CAN controllersComposition；
Described 485 communication 4 is made up of the serial data communication module of MCU, MAX485 transceivers.
Embodiment
A kind of accumulator of electric car replaces dead battery method in safeguarding, specific replacement step is：
1）Behindhand battery is positioned using the battery on-line detecting system of battery, finds out dead battery, and utilize electric power storageThe voltage U values and corresponding current value of the discharge process of BMS systems record battery, are stored in pond；
2）Load current detection is carried out to spare unit battery using with BMS systems record identical current value, voltage is if above U valuesIt is accomplished by with same current discharge to U state of value；If voltage reaches U-shaped state less than U values during to its discharge examination, obtainThe spare unit battery of identical dynamic load ability；
3）By step 2）Spare unit battery and the dead battery for obtaining are replaced.
Battery on-line detecting system includes control module, monitoring modular and host computer, voltage, electric current to battery, interiorResistance, temperature, SOC and SOH parameters are acquired.One control module can access multiple monitoring modulars, complete to different batteriesThe monitoring management of the Li-ion batteries piles of number of elements and different voltage specifications, can simultaneously manage two groups of lithium ion batteries.Per Battery packGroup has 24 test points.
Control module：For data transfer, treatment and man-machine interface operation, with long-range（Concentrate）RS485 interfaces, prisonSurvey module control mouth, operation keyboard, Chinesizing display panel, sound and light alarm and warning output node.Control module shows electricity in real timePond data, intellectual analysis data are carried out and alarm to abnormal battery operation situation.Monitoring modular is controlled by bus structuresWork, collects the data of monitoring modular collection, and event to occurring carries out judgement and processes and send sound and light alarm, completes dataCommunication, storage and inquiry etc. function.
Monitoring modular：For patrolling and examining for lithium ion battery data, built-in CPU independences high speed operation, except carrying out conventional voltage, electricityThe monitoring such as stream, temperature is outer, can accurately monitor the internal resistance of cell after being connected with internal resistance monitoring unit on-line.Monitoring modular is arranged on batteryNear, with control module, connection is communicated between PC, facilitate field connection to install.
Host computer：The function of completion is substantially the same with the function that control module is completed, and can replace control module.
Described in BMS including voltage acquisition module, temperature collect module, current acquisition module, charge and discharge control module, heatManagement control module, equalization control module, 485 communication modules and CAN communication modules and the MCU processors being connected with each module,Wherein,
Voltage acquisition module is made up of switch selection circuit, 12 ADC in operational amplifier OP279, MCU inside；
Current acquisition module is Closed Loop Hall；Described temperature collect module uses thermistor NTC；
Balance route mould realizes Balance route using switching device and resistor coupled in parallel using equalization methods are damaged at battery two ends；
Described charge and discharge control module is the break-make for controlling battery set charge/discharge loop；Described heat management control module passes throughThe break-make of control fan or heater is realized；
Described CAN communication modules are generally by CAN insulating power supplies, communication isolation circuit, CAN transmission circuits, CAN controllersComposition；
Described 485 communication 4 is made up of the serial data communication module of MCU, MAX485 transceivers.
This kind of Combined storage battery, referred to as group of networks are legal；Each perpendicular row is to be together in series to obtain solely with single batteryVertical battery strings, then being together in parallel some independent battery strings at two ends；In waiting on electrical voltage point for each battery strings, connectConnect one " cable bond ".In a battery bag, the discharge and recharge call wire in existing perpendicular direction, the equalizing current for having transverse direction again is passedWire, here it is the general principle structure of group of networks sum；The battery pack of vehicle is combined into such battery bag, battery packReliability is far above combination that is first and going here and there afterwards；Because battery bag is combination in parallel and serial, thus output nominal voltage andNominal capacity can fully adapt to the space structure on vehicle, for multi-configuration battery provides advantage with flexible and changeable；Failure single-unit in battery bag, is easily found and is changed in time, reduces the secondary damage of battery；This combination can be usedIn all of batteries and structure, it has flexible and changeable, the abundant space structure adapted on vehicle, is failed beneficial to replacingSingle-unit, use the wide advantage of scope.
In the present invention, the technology is used, it can be ensured that after changing single battery, the one of battery group capacity stateCause property；The dynamic load ability of battery is measured, dynamic load ability identical battery can be applied in combination；Specific implementation method isOn the BMS of original battery, record has the voltage U values and corresponding current value of the discharge process of battery, during spare unit battery replacementWith same load current detection, voltage is accomplished by with same current discharge to U state of value if above U values；If voltageLess than U values, it is necessary to charge, make to reach U-shaped state during its discharge examination；Therefore, the present invention has and ensures to change front and rear battery packThe simple advantage of the uniformity of capacity, substitute mode.
Finally, above example and accompanying drawing are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted, although by above-mentionedEmbodiment is described in detail to the present invention, it is to be understood by those skilled in the art that can in form and carefullyVarious changes are made to it on section, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.