技术领域technical field
本发明涉及编织机技术领域，特别是涉及一种可编织异形截面预成型件的二维编织机设计方法。The invention relates to the technical field of braiding machines, in particular to a two-dimensional braiding machine design method capable of braiding special-shaped section preforms.
背景技术Background technique
二维编织是一种三根或多根纤维束(纱线)沿织物成型方向按照特定的规律倾斜交织在一起的工艺。传统二维编织主要用于生产绳索、鞋带、电缆屏蔽层等，随着二维编织技术的成熟，编织工艺在饰品领域的应用也越来越多。二维编织的织物结构主要包括传统的管状结构，平带结构和现代出现的扁平带结构、带管结合结构、方形结构等。在复合材料领域，因为二维编织工艺可以实现许多缠绕工艺不能完成的工作，因此它已经成为一种制备复合材料预成型件高效生产方法之一。在编织物中，纤维之间相互交错形成有机的整体，所以当受载时，纤维能协同承载。除此之外，编织工艺还可以根据制件的形状和尺寸，直接编织出与制件形状相近的预成型件，这是传统的缠绕工艺和叠层工艺所不能做到的。Two-dimensional weaving is a process in which three or more fiber bundles (yarns) are interwoven obliquely along the fabric forming direction according to specific rules. Traditional two-dimensional weaving is mainly used to produce ropes, shoelaces, cable shielding layers, etc. With the maturity of two-dimensional weaving technology, the application of weaving technology in the field of jewelry is also increasing. Two-dimensional woven fabric structures mainly include traditional tubular structures, flat belt structures, and modern flat belt structures, belt-tube combined structures, square structures, etc. In the field of composite materials, the 2D weaving process has become one of the most efficient production methods for preparing composite material preforms because it can achieve many tasks that winding processes cannot. In a braid, the fibers intertwine to form an organic whole so that when loaded, the fibers work together to carry the load. In addition, the weaving process can also directly weave a preform that is similar to the shape of the product according to the shape and size of the product, which cannot be achieved by the traditional winding process and lamination process.
采用二维编织原理生产异形截面预成型件，最早日本学者Akiyama等人提出把传统的平带结构和管状结构轨道拼接，在轨道拼接处添加过渡轨道和拨叉的方法，通过不断调整拨叉位置，让经过的纱锭分流到不同分支，有效避免纱锭在轨道拼接处发生干涉的同时实现了异形截面编织物的一次成型。The two-dimensional weaving principle is used to produce special-shaped cross-section preforms. The earliest Japanese scholar Akiyama et al. proposed the method of splicing the traditional flat belt structure and the tubular structure track, adding a transition track and a shift fork at the joint of the track, and continuously adjusting the position of the shift fork. , so that the passing spindles are diverted to different branches, effectively avoiding the interference of the spindles at the track splicing, and realizing the one-time forming of the special-shaped cross-section braid.
Becher等人也提出了一种采用二维编织原理生产异形截面预成型件的方法。他们把编织机的叶轮排列成4×4、6×6等的形式，每两个叶轮交界处的纱锭轨道上都加有变轨转盘，此变轨转盘可控制纱锭沿着原叶轮运动，或者过渡到下一个叶轮上。在整个编织机的纱锭运动轨道上，通过调整变轨转盘的旋向，可形成几个闭合的纱锭运行通路，这些闭合通路相互交叉，在交叉处纱线相互缠绕，便形成了编织结构。这些闭合通路的交叉组合方式不同，可实现不同截面织物的编织。此方法主要用于矩形截面的编织物生产。对于T型、工字形等异形截面预成型件的生产还处于设想阶段，并且在使用此方法生产复杂截面织物过程中，纱锭干涉问题很难解决。Becher et al. also proposed a method of producing preforms with special-shaped cross-sections using the principle of two-dimensional weaving. They arrange the impellers of the braiding machine in the form of 4×4, 6×6, etc., and a track-changing turntable is added to the spindle track at the junction of each two impellers. This track-changing turntable can control the movement of the spindle along the original impeller, or transition to the next impeller. On the spindle movement track of the whole knitting machine, by adjusting the rotation direction of the track-changing turntable, several closed spindle running paths can be formed. These closed paths intersect with each other, and the yarns are intertwined at the intersections to form a weaving structure. The cross-combination modes of these closed passages are different, which can realize the weaving of fabrics with different cross-sections. This method is mainly used for the production of braids with rectangular cross-sections. The production of special-shaped cross-section preforms such as T-shaped and I-shaped is still in the conceived stage, and in the process of using this method to produce fabrics with complex cross-sections, the problem of spindle interference is difficult to solve.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种可编织异形截面预成型件的二维编织机设计方法，可以实现异形截面预成型件的一次成型。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a two-dimensional knitting machine design method capable of weaving special-shaped cross-section preforms, which can realize one-time molding of special-shaped cross-section preforms.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：提供一种可编织异形截面预成型件的二维编织机设计方法，采用平带编织纱锭轨道，将两条平带编织纱锭轨道拼接成L、T或十字形，通过调整平带编织纱锭轨道上所有叶轮的总槽口数避免来自不同的平带编织纱锭轨道上的纱锭在轨道交叉处进行干涉，通过调整平带编织纱锭轨道个别叶轮的槽口数避免拼接后平带编织纱锭轨道上的纱锭在相邻叶轮交接处进行干涉。The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: provide a two-dimensional knitting machine design method that can weave special-shaped cross-section preforms, adopt flat belt weaving spindle tracks, and splice two flat belt weaving spindle tracks into L, T or cruciform, by adjusting the total number of notches of all impellers on the flat-belt braided spindle track to avoid interference of spindles from different flat-belt braided spindle tracks at track intersections, by adjusting the number of notches of individual impellers on the flat-belt woven spindle track Avoid the interference of the spindles on the flat belt weaving spindle track at the junction of adjacent impellers after splicing.
当平带编织纱锭轨道上所有叶轮的总槽口数为纱锭排布周期的倍数时，在不同的平带编织纱锭轨道上的纱锭在轨道交叉处不发生干涉。When the total number of slots of all impellers on the flat-belt braided spindle track is a multiple of the spindle arrangement period, the spindles on different flat-belt braided spindle tracks do not interfere at the intersection of the tracks.
对于饱和纱锭排布形式，当平带编织纱锭轨道上端部叶轮的槽口数减去一半的纱锭排布周期后为纱锭排布周期的倍数，且中间叶轮的槽口数为纱锭排布周期的倍数时，平带编织纱锭轨道上的纱锭在相邻叶轮交接处不发生干涉。For the saturated spindle arrangement form, when the number of notches of the end impeller on the flat belt braided spindle track minus half of the spindle arrangement period is a multiple of the spindle arrangement period, and the number of notches of the middle impeller is a multiple of the spindle arrangement period , the spindles on the flat-belt braided spindle track do not interfere at the junction of adjacent impellers.
对于不饱和纱锭排布形式，当平带编织纱锭轨道上端部叶轮的总槽口数不是纱锭排布周期的倍数时，平带编织纱锭轨道上的纱锭在相邻叶轮交接处不发生干涉。For the arrangement of unsaturated spindles, when the total number of notches of the end impellers on the flat-belt braided spindle track is not a multiple of the spindle arrangement period, the spindles on the flat-belt braided spindle track do not interfere at the junction of adjacent impellers.
有益效果Beneficial effect
由于采用了上述的技术方案，本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下的优点和积极效果：Owing to adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has following advantage and positive effect compared with prior art:
1、采用此方法设计的编织机，可实现复杂截面编织结构一次成型，织成的预成型件不需要裁剪，纤维不受损伤，保持了纤维的完整性，让制件有很好的力学性能。1. The braiding machine designed by this method can realize the one-time molding of the braided structure with complex cross-sections. The preforms woven do not need to be cut, the fibers are not damaged, the integrity of the fibers is maintained, and the parts have good mechanical properties. .
2、采用此方法设计的编织机结构简单，不需要添加拨叉，变轨转盘等复杂机械结构。2. The structure of the knitting machine designed by this method is simple, and there is no need to add complex mechanical structures such as shift forks and track-changing turntables.
3、采用此方法设计的编织机和传统的二维编织机一样，不需要复杂的控制系统，稳定性高。3. The knitting machine designed by this method is the same as the traditional two-dimensional knitting machine, which does not require a complicated control system and has high stability.
4、此方法中总结出不同纱锭排布规律对应的叶轮槽口数约束条件具有普遍适用性，可以有效避免纱锭运行中的干涉问题。4. In this method, it is concluded that the constraints on the number of impeller notches corresponding to different spindle arrangements have universal applicability, which can effectively avoid the interference problem in the operation of spindles.
5、在满足此方法中总结的纱锭不干涉条件下，编织机的叶轮槽口数和纱锭排布规律可根据需求改变，实现编织出的异形截面编织物在截面的不同部位编织结构不同，满足复杂的工况要求。5. Under the non-interference condition of the spindles summarized in this method, the number of notches of the impeller and the arrangement of the spindles of the knitting machine can be changed according to the needs, so that the braided fabrics with special-shaped cross-sections have different weaving structures at different parts of the cross-section, satisfying complex requirements. working condition requirements.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1可编织异形截面编织物的编织机纱锭容易发生干涉位置的标注图；Figure 1 is a marked diagram of the position where the spindle of the knitting machine that can weave special-shaped cross-section braids is prone to interference;
图2简化叶轮分布图；Figure 2 Simplified impeller distribution diagram;
图3由a处叶轮携带纱锭情况得到c处叶轮携带纱锭情况推导过程图；Fig. 3 obtains the derivation process diagram of the situation of the impeller carrying the spindle at the c place from the situation of the impeller at a place carrying the spindle;
图4由a处叶轮携带纱锭情况得到h处叶轮携带纱锭情况推导过程图；Fig. 4 obtains the derivation process diagram of the situation of the impeller carrying the spindle at the h place from the situation of the impeller at a place carrying the spindle;
图5由h处和b处叶轮携带纱锭情况分别得到i处和e处叶轮携带纱锭情况推导过程图；Figure 5 obtains the derivation process diagram of the situation of the impeller carrying the spindle at the i place and the e place from the situation of the impeller at the h place and the b place respectively;
图6由f处和g处叶轮携带纱锭情况分别得到j处和l处叶轮携带纱锭情况推导过程图；Fig. 6 obtains the derivation process diagram of the situation of the impeller carrying the spindle at the j place and the l place from the situation of the impeller at the f place and the g place respectively;
图7轨道拼接后分支上相邻叶轮交接处容易发生干涉位置标注图。Fig. 7 Marking diagram of the position where interference is likely to occur at the junction of adjacent impellers on the branch after the track is spliced.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.
本发明的实施方式涉及一种可编织异形截面预成型件的二维编织机设计方法，采用平带编织纱锭轨道，所述平带编织纱锭轨道由叶轮组成，将两条平带编织纱锭轨道拼接成L、T或十字形，通过调整平带编织纱锭轨道上所有叶轮的总槽口数避免来自不同的平带编织纱锭轨道上的纱锭在轨道交叉处进行干涉，通过调整平带编织纱锭轨道个别叶轮的槽口数避免拼接后平带编织纱锭轨道上的纱锭在相邻叶轮交接处进行干涉。The embodiment of the present invention relates to a design method of a two-dimensional knitting machine capable of weaving special-shaped cross-section preforms, using a flat belt weaving spindle track, the flat belt weaving spindle track is composed of an impeller, and splicing two flat belt weaving spindle tracks In L, T or cross shape, by adjusting the total number of notches of all the impellers on the flat belt weaving spindle track to avoid the interference of spindles from different flat belt weaving spindle tracks at the intersection of the tracks, by adjusting the individual impellers of the flat belt weaving spindle track The number of slots prevents the spindles on the flat belt braided spindle track from interfering at the junction of adjacent impellers after splicing.
“十”字形、“工”字形、“U”型、“T”型等异型截面薄壁织物，可以看作是传统平带织物的拼接。其本质是来自不同平带的纱线在需要连接处相互交缠，实现异形截面织物的一次成型。要实现传统平带织物的有效拼接，必须保证纱锭在拼接后的轨道上移动时不发生干涉。在图1中实心圆点标注的地方都是纱锭有可能出现干涉的地方。这些容易发生干涉的地方可以分成两类，一类是不同分支交叉处的干涉，如图1中标注1的位置。另一类是分支上的干涉，如图1中标注2的位置。"Ten" shaped, "I" shaped, "U" shaped, "T" shaped cross-section thin-walled fabrics can be regarded as splicing of traditional flat belt fabrics. Its essence is that the yarns from different flat belts are intertwined at the joints where they need to be connected, so as to realize the one-time forming of special-shaped cross-section fabrics. In order to realize the effective splicing of traditional flat belt fabrics, it is necessary to ensure that the spindles do not interfere when moving on the track after splicing. The places marked with solid circles in Fig. 1 are the places where the spindles may interfere. These places that are prone to interference can be divided into two categories, one is the interference at the intersection of different branches, as shown in Figure 1 marked with 1. The other type is the interference on the branch, as shown in the position marked 2 in Figure 1.
不同分支交叉处纱锭干涉问题处理。Spindle interference problem handling at the intersection of different branches.
以“十”字形截面编织为例，共有四个分支。对于不同分支在交叉处纱锭干涉问题的研究，与每个分支上叶轮组合方式无关，仅与各分支上所有叶轮的总槽口数有关。所以可以把每个分支简化成一个大的叶轮，叶轮的槽口数，等于分支上每个叶轮槽口数的总和，图2是简化的模型。Take the "ten" cross-section weaving as an example, there are four branches in total. The research on the spindle interference problem at the intersection of different branches has nothing to do with the combination of impellers on each branch, but only with the total number of slots of all impellers on each branch. Therefore, each branch can be simplified into a large impeller, and the number of notches of the impeller is equal to the sum of the number of notches of each impeller on the branch. Figure 2 is a simplified model.
两条直线相交会出现三种情况，一：两条直线呈“十”字相交，有四个分支；二：两条直线呈“T”形相交，有三个分支；三：两条直线呈“L”形相交，有两个分支。这三种相交方式任意排列组合，可以拼接出许多复杂结构。若要用编织工艺实现这三种交织方式，叶轮的排布方式类似。参照图2，实现三分支结构编织时，只需保证有且仅有一个等效叶轮所代表的分支只有一个叶轮组成。若要实现两分支结构编织，只需保证有两个相邻的等效叶轮所代表的的分支都只有一个叶轮组成。There will be three situations when two straight lines intersect, one: two straight lines intersect in a "ten" shape, with four branches; two: two straight lines intersect in a "T" shape, with three branches; The L" shape intersects and has two branches. These three intersecting ways can be arranged and combined arbitrarily, and many complex structures can be spliced. To achieve these three interweaving methods with the weaving process, the arrangement of the impellers is similar. Referring to Figure 2, when realizing three-branch structure braiding, it is only necessary to ensure that the branch represented by one and only one equivalent impeller is composed of only one impeller. To achieve two-branch structure weaving, it is only necessary to ensure that the branches represented by two adjacent equivalent impellers are composed of only one impeller.
以1100纱锭排布形式为例(1代表槽口携带纱锭，0代表槽口不携带纱锭)。1100纱锭排布形式的纱锭排布周期为4。只要验证在叶轮交接处连续通过四个槽口不发生干涉，就可以保证整个编织过程中，经过此位置的纱锭不会发生干涉。引入逻辑“与(∧)”运算，在图2中，a和d处叶轮携带纱锭情况有三种可能，1∧0＝0不干涉、1∧1＝1干涉和0∧0＝0不干涉。对于1100纱锭排布规律，从任意时刻开始，连续通过a处的四个槽口中有且仅有两个槽口携带纱锭。相对应的通过d处的四个槽口中，也有且仅有两个槽口携带纱锭。如果在叶轮交接处出现0∧0情况，那么经过a和经过d处的四个槽口，都剩下两个携带纱锭的槽口和一个不携带纱锭的槽口，a处携带纱锭的槽口必须和d处不携带纱锭槽口对接才能保证不干涉，通过a处有两个槽口携带纱锭，而通过d处只剩一个槽口不携带纱锭，必然会出现1∧1＝1纱锭干涉的情况。所以对于1100纱锭排布规律，为保证纱锭不干涉，在叶轮交接处不可能出现0∧0情况。从t0开始，令连续通过a处四个槽口携带纱锭情况为1100，那么d处槽口携带纱锭情况必为0011，可以进一步推导，最终得到c处槽口携带纱锭情况。图3为推导过程，其中Δt为同一位置从一个槽口出现开始到下一个槽口出现的时间间隔。Take the arrangement of 1100 spindles as an example (1 means that the slot carries spindles, and 0 means that the slot does not carry spindles). The spindle arrangement cycle of 1100 spindle arrangement form is 4. As long as it is verified that there is no interference when passing through the four slots at the intersection of the impellers, it can be guaranteed that the spindles passing through this position will not interfere during the entire weaving process. Introducing the logical "AND (∧)" operation, in Fig. 2, there are three possibilities for the situation where the impellers at a and d carry the spindle, 1∧0=0 no interference, 1∧1=1 interference and 0∧0=0 no interference. For the arrangement of 1100 spindles, starting from any moment, there are only two slots that carry spindles among the four slots that pass continuously at a. Correspondingly, in the four slots passing through d, only two slots carry the spindles. If the 0∧0 situation occurs at the junction of the impeller, then after passing through the four slots at a and d, there are two slots carrying spindles and one slot not carrying spindles, and the slot at a carries spindles It must be docked with the notch that does not carry the spindle at d to ensure non-interference. There are two notches at a that carry the spindle, and there is only one notch at d that does not carry the spindle, and 1∧1=1 spindle interference will inevitably occur Condition. Therefore, for the arrangement of 1100 spindles, in order to ensure that the spindles do not interfere, it is impossible to have a 0∧0 situation at the junction of the impellers. Starting from t0 , let the situation of carrying the spindles through the four notches at a be 1100, then the situation of carrying the spindles at the notch at d must be 0011, which can be further deduced, and finally the situation of carrying the spindles at the notch at c is obtained. Figure 3 shows the derivation process, where Δt is the time interval from the appearance of one notch to the appearance of the next notch at the same position.
记a处的槽口为第一个槽口，在t0时刻，等效叶轮二上槽口携带纱锭情况按顺时针排布为110011001100……由图3中推导，c处槽口携带纱锭情况为0，且接下来通过的槽口携带纱锭情况为011。所以c为等效叶轮二上的第4n+3(n＝0,1,2…)个槽口，加上开始时刻，b处还有一个槽口，叶轮二共有4n+4(n＝0,1,2…)个槽口，即4m(m＝1,2,3…)。Note that the notch at a is the first notch, and at time t0 , the situation that the notch on the second upper equivalent impeller carries the spindles is arranged clockwise as 110011001100...Deduced from Figure 3, the situation that the notch at c carries the spindles is 0, and the next slot carrying the spindle is 011. So c is the 4n+3 (n=0,1,2...) notch on the equivalent impeller 2, plus the start time, there is another notch at b, and the impeller 2 has 4n+4 (n=0 , 1, 2...) slots, that is, 4m (m=1, 2, 3...).
通过a处槽口携带纱锭情况，可以推导出从t0时刻开始，连续通过h处的槽口携带纱锭的情况，图4为推导过程。Through the situation of carrying the spindle at the notch at a, it can be deduced that starting from time t0 , the situation of carrying the spindle continuously through the notch at h is shown in Figure 4.
记d处的槽口为第一个槽口，在t0时刻，等效叶轮一上槽口携带纱锭情况按逆时针排布为001100110011……由图4中推导，h处槽口携带纱锭情况为1，且接下来通过的三个槽口携带纱锭情况为100。所以h为等效叶轮二上的第4n+3(n＝0,1,2…)个槽口，加上开始时刻f处还有一个槽口。等效叶轮二共有4n+4(n＝0,1,2…)个槽口，即4m(m＝1,2,3…)。Note that the notch at d is the first notch, and at time t0 , the situation that the notch on the equivalent impeller 1 carries the spindle is arranged counterclockwise as 001100110011... Deduced from Figure 4, the situation that the notch at h carries the spindle is 1, and the next three notches that pass carry spindles are 100. So h is the 4n+3 (n=0, 1, 2...) notch on the equivalent impeller 2, plus there is another notch at the start time f. The second equivalent impeller has 4n+4 (n=0, 1, 2...) notches, that is, 4m (m=1, 2, 3...).
通过h处和b处槽口携带纱锭情况，可分别推导出从t0时刻开始i处和e处连续通过的槽口携带纱锭的情况，图5为推导过程。According to the situation of the spindles carried by the notches at h and b, the situation of the spindles carried by the notches passing through i and e continuously from time t0 can be deduced respectively. Figure 5 shows the derivation process.
记i处的槽口为第一个槽口，在t0时刻，等效叶轮三上槽口携带纱锭情况按逆时针排布为001100110011……由图5中推导，e处槽口携带纱锭情况为1，且接下来通过的三个槽口携带纱锭情况为100。所以k为等效叶轮三上的第4n+3(n＝0,1,2…)个槽口，加上开始时刻，g处还有一个槽口。等效叶轮三共有4n+4(n＝0,1,2…)个槽口，即4m(m＝1,2,3…)。Note that the notch at i is the first notch, and at time t0 , the situation of carrying the spindles in the notch on the equivalent impeller is arranged counterclockwise as 001100110011... Deduced from Figure 5, the situation of carrying the spindles in the notch at e is 1, and the next three notches that pass carry spindles are 100. So k is the 4n+3 (n=0, 1, 2...) notch on the equivalent impeller three, plus the start time, there is another notch at g. The equivalent impeller three has 4n+4 (n=0,1,2...) slots, that is, 4m (m=1,2,3...).
通过f处和g处槽口携带纱锭情况，可分别推导出从t0时刻开始连续通过j处和l处的槽口携带纱锭的情况，图6为推导过程。According to the situation of carrying the spindles through the slots at f and g, the situation that the spindles are carried continuously through the slots at j and l can be deduced from time t0 respectively. Figure 6 shows the derivation process.
记l处的槽口为第一个槽口，在t0时刻，等效叶轮四上槽口携带纱锭情况按顺时针排布为110011001100……由图6中推导，j处槽口携带纱锭情况为0，且接下来通过的三个槽口携带纱锭情况为011。所以j为等效叶轮四上的第4n+3(n＝0,1,2…)个槽口，加上开始时刻，k处还有一个槽口。等效叶轮四有共4n+4(n＝0,1,2…)个槽口，即4m(m＝1,2,3…)。Note that the notch at l is the first notch, and at time t0 , the situation that the four upper notches of the equivalent impeller carry the spindles is arranged clockwise as 110011001100... Deduced from Figure 6, the situation that the notch at j carries the spindles is 0, and the next three notches that pass carry spindles are 011. So j is the 4n+3 (n=0, 1, 2...) notch on the equivalent impeller 4, plus the start time, there is another notch at k. The equivalent impeller four has a total of 4n+4 (n=0,1,2...) notches, namely 4m (m=1,2,3...).
综上所述，1100纱锭排布形式，保证纱锭在分支交叉处不干涉的条件是每个分支上所有叶轮总槽口数是4的整数倍。To sum up, the condition for the arrangement of 1100 spindles to ensure that the spindles do not interfere at the intersection of branches is that the total number of slots of all impellers on each branch is an integer multiple of 4.
同样的方法，可以推导出：10纱锭排布形式，保证纱锭在分支交叉处不干涉的条件是每个分支上所有叶轮总槽口数是2的整数倍。100纱锭排布形式，保证纱锭在分支交叉处不干涉的条件是每个分支上所有叶轮总槽口数是3的整数倍。1000纱锭排布形式，保证纱锭在分支交叉处不干涉的条件是每个分支上所有叶轮总槽口数是4的整数倍。111000纱锭排布形式，保证纱锭在分支交叉处不干涉的条件是每个分支上所有叶轮总槽口数是6的整数倍。也就是说，当平带编织纱锭轨道上所有叶轮的总槽口数为纱锭排布周期的倍数时，在不同的平带编织纱锭轨道上的纱锭在轨道交叉处不发生干涉。In the same way, it can be deduced that: 10 spindles are arranged, and the condition to ensure that the spindles do not interfere at the intersection of branches is that the total number of slots of all impellers on each branch is an integer multiple of 2. In the arrangement of 100 spindles, the condition to ensure that the spindles do not interfere at the intersection of branches is that the total number of notches of all impellers on each branch is an integer multiple of 3. 1000 spindles are arranged, and the condition to ensure that the spindles do not interfere at the intersection of branches is that the total number of slots of all impellers on each branch is an integer multiple of 4. 111000 spindles are arranged, and the condition to ensure that the spindles do not interfere at the intersection of branches is that the total number of slots of all impellers on each branch is an integer multiple of 6. That is to say, when the total number of slots of all impellers on the flat-belt braided spindle track is a multiple of the spindle arrangement period, the spindles on different flat-belt braided spindle tracks will not interfere at the intersection of the tracks.
同一分支上纱锭干涉问题研究。Research on spindle interference on the same branch.
分支上的干涉主要是因为在同一分支上，相邻叶轮在传递纱锭时，正对的两个槽口可能同时携带纱锭。如图7所示，令实线为纱锭正向运动轨道，虚线为纱锭逆向运动轨道。实心圆点处为纱锭可能出现干涉的位置。为保证编织过程中分支上纱锭不发生干涉，纱锭排布规律和叶轮槽口数同样需要满足一定的配合关系。The interference on the branches is mainly because on the same branch, when the adjacent impellers are transferring the spindles, the two opposite notches may carry the spindles at the same time. As shown in Fig. 7, the solid line is the forward movement track of the spindle, and the dotted line is the reverse movement track of the spindle. The solid dots are the positions where spindle interference may occur. In order to ensure that the spindles on the branches do not interfere during the weaving process, the arrangement of the spindles and the number of notches of the impeller also need to meet a certain coordination relationship.
以1100纱锭排布形式为例，周期为4。只需要保证相邻叶轮交接处连续通过四个槽口纱锭不发生干涉，即可保证整个编织过程中，通过此位置的纱锭都不发生干涉。Taking the arrangement of 1100 spindles as an example, the period is 4. It is only necessary to ensure that the spindles passing through the four notches at the junction of adjacent impellers do not interfere, and it can be ensured that the spindles passing through this position do not interfere during the entire weaving process.
在图7中，从某一时刻开始，令从右侧分支沿着逆向轨道连续通过a处的槽口携带纱锭情况为1100，为了避免在a处纱锭出现干涉，从开始时刻，沿着正向轨道通过a处的槽口携带纱锭情况必须为0011。记a处为一号槽口，在开始时刻，纱锭沿着①号叶轮逆时针排布为001100110011……为了保证纱锭不干涉，再次排到a处时，槽口携带纱锭情况为1，且接下来通过a处的三个槽口携带纱锭情况为100。所以①号叶轮需要有4x+2(x＝1,2,3…)个槽口。In Fig. 7, starting from a certain moment, let the situation that the branch from the right side continuously passes through the slot at a along the reverse track to carry the spindle is 1100, in order to avoid the interference of the spindle at a, from the beginning moment, along the forward direction The case where the track passes through the notch at a to carry the spindle must be 0011. Record position a as the No. 1 notch. At the beginning, the spindles are arranged counterclockwise along the No. Down carries the spindle case 100 through the three slots at a. So No. ① impeller needs to have 4x+2 (x=1,2,3...) slots.
分析b处时，可以将①号和②号叶轮看做一个等效的大叶轮，使用上述方法可得出类似的结论，等效大叶轮需要有4y+2(y＝1,2,3…,y>x)个槽口。所以②号叶轮的槽口数为4(y-x)个。其它实心圆点处都可以使用这种等效的方法得出叶轮齿槽数的约束条件。When analyzing point b, impellers ① and ② can be regarded as an equivalent large impeller. Using the above method, a similar conclusion can be drawn. The equivalent large impeller needs to have 4y+2 (y=1,2,3… ,y>x) slots. Therefore, the number of slots of No. ② impeller is 4(y-x). This equivalent method can be used at other solid circles to obtain the constraint condition of the impeller cogging number.
综上所述，对于1100纱锭排布形式，分支端部叶轮槽口数减去2后必须为4的整数倍，分支中间叶轮槽口数必须为4的整数倍。To sum up, for the arrangement of 1100 spindles, the number of notches of the impeller at the end of the branch minus 2 must be an integer multiple of 4, and the number of notches of the impeller in the middle of the branch must be an integer multiple of 4.
同样的方法可推导出，10纱锭排布形式，分支端部叶轮槽口数减去1后必须为2的整数倍，分支中间叶轮槽口数必须为2的整数倍。The same method can be deduced that for the arrangement of 10 spindles, the number of notches of the impeller at the end of the branch minus 1 must be an integer multiple of 2, and the number of notches of the impeller in the middle of the branch must be an integer multiple of 2.
111000纱锭排布形式，分支端部叶轮槽口数减去3后必须为6的整数倍，分支中间叶轮槽口数必须为6的整数倍。111000 spindle arrangement, the number of impeller slots at the end of the branch minus 3 must be an integer multiple of 6, and the number of slots in the middle of the branch must be an integer multiple of 6.
由此可见，对于饱和纱锭排布形式，当平带编织纱锭轨道上端部叶轮的槽口数减去一半的纱锭排布周期后为纱锭排布周期的倍数，且中间叶轮的槽口数为纱锭排布周期的倍数时，平带编织纱锭轨道上的纱锭在相邻叶轮交接处不发生干涉。It can be seen that, for the saturated spindle arrangement form, when the number of notches of the end impeller on the flat belt braided spindle track minus half of the spindle arrangement period, it is a multiple of the spindle arrangement period, and the number of notches of the middle impeller is the spindle arrangement period When the period is multiples, the spindles on the flat belt weaving spindle track do not interfere at the junction of adjacent impellers.
对于100和1000此类的不饱和纱锭排布形式(不携带纱锭的槽口数量大于携带纱锭的槽口数量)，同样可以使用分析1100排布形式的方法确定叶轮槽口数。但最终获得的叶轮槽口数约束条件和饱和纱锭排布形式略有不同。100纱锭排布形式，需要保证分支上，任意叶轮到分支端部的所有叶轮槽口数和不是3的倍数。1000纱锭排布形式，需要保证分支上，任意叶轮到分支端部的所有叶轮槽口数之和不是4的倍数。因此，对于不饱和纱锭排布形式，当平带编织纱锭轨道上端部叶轮的总槽口数不是纱锭排布周期的倍数时，平带编织纱锭轨道上的纱锭在相邻叶轮交接处不发生干涉。For such unsaturated spindle arrangements as 100 and 1000 (the number of slots that do not carry spindles is greater than the number of slots that carry spindles), the method of analyzing the 1100 arrangement can also be used to determine the number of impeller slots. However, the constraint conditions of the number of impeller slots and the arrangement of saturated spindles are slightly different. In the arrangement of 100 spindles, it is necessary to ensure that the sum of all impeller notches from any impeller to the end of the branch on the branch is not a multiple of 3. For the arrangement of 1000 spindles, it is necessary to ensure that the sum of the notches of all impellers from any impeller to the end of the branch on the branch is not a multiple of 4. Therefore, for the unsaturated spindle arrangement, when the total number of notches of the end impellers on the flat-belt woven spindle track is not a multiple of the spindle arrangement period, the spindles on the flat-belt woven spindle track will not interfere at the junction of adjacent impellers.
不难发现，采用本发明设计的编织机，可实现复杂截面编织结构一次成型，织成的预成型件不需要裁剪，纤维不受损伤，保持了纤维的完整性，让制件有很好的力学性能。采用本发明设计的编织机结构简单，不需要添加拨叉，变轨转盘等复杂机械结构，也不需要复杂的控制系统，稳定性高。另外，在满足此方法中总结的纱锭不干涉条件下，编织机的叶轮槽口数和纱锭排布规律可根据需求改变，实现编织出的异形截面编织物在截面的不同部位编织结构不同，满足复杂的工况要求。It is not difficult to find that the knitting machine designed by the present invention can realize the one-time forming of the complex cross-section braided structure, the woven preform does not need to be cut, the fiber is not damaged, and the integrity of the fiber is maintained, so that the product has a good mechanical properties. The braiding machine designed by the invention has a simple structure, does not need to add complex mechanical structures such as a shift fork, a track-changing turntable, and does not need a complicated control system, and has high stability. In addition, under the non-interference condition of the spindles summarized in this method, the number of impeller slots and the layout of the spindles of the braiding machine can be changed according to the needs, so that the braided fabrics with special-shaped cross-sections have different weaving structures at different parts of the cross-section, satisfying complex requirements. working condition requirements.
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| CN201710272179.XACN106884262B (en) | 2017-04-24 | 2017-04-24 | A kind of control of two-dimensional braided machine design method weaving odd-shaped cross section preformed member |
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| CN201710272179.XACN106884262B (en) | 2017-04-24 | 2017-04-24 | A kind of control of two-dimensional braided machine design method weaving odd-shaped cross section preformed member |
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