技术领域technical field
本发明公开了一种水溶性陶瓷型芯及其制备方法，属于精密铸造技术领域。The invention discloses a water-soluble ceramic core and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of precision casting.
背景技术Background technique
随着制造业水平的发展，产品可靠性要求不断提高，产品设计越来越功能集约化，以往通过多个零件组合实现的功能逐渐采用单一零件来实现，零件重量变轻，铸件的复杂程度也相应提高。在生产具有复杂外形、异形内腔等结构的零件时，铸造具有其它成形工艺所不具备的优势，甚至是唯一选择。With the development of the manufacturing industry, the requirements for product reliability continue to increase, and the product design is becoming more and more functionally intensive. The functions realized by the combination of multiple parts in the past are gradually realized by a single part, the weight of the parts becomes lighter, and the complexity of the casting is also reduced. Increase accordingly. When producing parts with complex shapes and special-shaped inner cavities, casting has advantages that other forming processes do not have, and is even the only choice.
近年来，铝、镁轻合金铸件得到更广泛的应用，部分零件具有复杂的内腔结构，给铸造工艺设计和铸件生产带来困难。由于铝、镁合金浇注温度低，采用树脂砂芯形成内腔时，浇注后型芯的溃散性差，清理时不易出砂。另一方面，复杂内腔通常需要由多个型芯组合才能形成，工艺设计复杂，而且型芯组合时产生的偏差，影响铸件的精度。In recent years, aluminum and magnesium light alloy castings have been more widely used, and some parts have complex inner cavity structures, which brings difficulties to casting process design and casting production. Due to the low pouring temperature of aluminum and magnesium alloys, when resin sand cores are used to form the inner cavity, the collapse of the core after pouring is poor, and it is difficult to produce sand during cleaning. On the other hand, a complex inner cavity usually needs to be formed by a combination of multiple cores, the process design is complex, and the deviation generated when the cores are combined affects the precision of the casting.
采用水溶性型芯能够很好地解决上述的这些问题，而且在铸件浇注时不产生有害气体，清理时方便快捷，无振动与噪音，铸件成形后可采用水力清理将型芯溶解去除，得到具有洁净光滑内表面和良好尺寸精度的铸件，同时节省劳力并改善铸造车间的环境卫生。The use of water-soluble cores can solve the above-mentioned problems well, and no harmful gas will be generated when the castings are poured. It is convenient and quick to clean, without vibration and noise. After the castings are formed, the cores can be dissolved and removed by hydraulic cleaning to obtain Castings with clean smooth inner surfaces and good dimensional accuracy, while saving labor and improving sanitation in the foundry.
目前使用较广泛的水溶性型芯有尿素型芯、水溶性盐芯。但都有较显著的缺点：尿素型芯表面质量差、发气量大，易产生气孔缺陷；而盐芯的低强度、低耐热性和易脆性等特点使其在合金精密铸造中的应用受到极大的限制。以耐火材料为主体的水溶性陶瓷型芯具有较高的机械强度、耐火度和化学稳定性，同时，具有较好的水溶性，可以有效地避免苛刻的脱芯条件对铝合金铸件造成的损害，因此在铝合金精密铸造中得到大量的应用。Currently widely used water-soluble cores include urea cores and water-soluble salt cores. However, they all have obvious disadvantages: the surface quality of urea core is poor, the amount of gas generated is large, and it is easy to produce pore defects; and the characteristics of low strength, low heat resistance and brittleness of salt core make its application in alloy precision casting restricted. Extremely restrictive. The water-soluble ceramic core with refractory material as the main body has high mechanical strength, refractoriness and chemical stability. At the same time, it has good water solubility and can effectively avoid damage to aluminum alloy castings caused by harsh core removal conditions. , so it has been widely used in aluminum alloy precision casting.
以耐火材料为主体的水溶性陶瓷型芯，有望获得较高的机械强度、耐火度和化学稳定性，以及较好的水溶性。这类水溶性陶瓷型芯主要以难溶耐火材料如氧化铝、硅酸锆、二氧化硅等为基材，可溶性无机盐(氯化物、碳酸盐或硫酸盐等)为粘结剂，通过相应的成型工艺制成。Water-soluble ceramic cores with refractory materials as the main body are expected to obtain higher mechanical strength, refractoriness and chemical stability, as well as better water solubility. This type of water-soluble ceramic core is mainly based on insoluble refractory materials such as alumina, zirconium silicate, silica, etc., and soluble inorganic salts (chloride, carbonate or sulfate, etc.) corresponding molding process.
发明内容Contents of the invention
技术问题：为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种水溶性陶瓷型芯及其制备方法。本发明采用三种水溶性的盐配制水溶性陶瓷型芯，可以根据实际使用过程中对型芯性能的要求，调节盐的相对比例，进而调节型芯的性能。Technical problem: In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a water-soluble ceramic core and its preparation method. The invention adopts three kinds of water-soluble salts to prepare the water-soluble ceramic core, and can adjust the relative proportion of the salt according to the performance requirements of the core during actual use, and then adjust the performance of the core.
技术方案：为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种水溶性陶瓷型芯及其制备方法；Technical solution: In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a water-soluble ceramic core and a preparation method thereof;
该水溶性陶瓷型芯的组份按质量份表示为：电熔刚玉粉100-120份，水溶性无机盐20-40份；The components of the water-soluble ceramic core are expressed in parts by mass: 100-120 parts of fused corundum powder, 20-40 parts of water-soluble inorganic salt;
其中，所述水溶性无机盐的组份按质量份表示为：NaCl 20-30份、Na2CO3 5-75份和K2CO3 5-75份的混合物，电熔刚玉粉的粒度为300目。Wherein, the components of the water-soluble inorganic salt are expressed in parts by mass: a mixture of 20-30 parts of NaCl, 5-75 parts of Na2 CO3 and 5-75 parts of K2 CO3 , and the particle size of the fused corundum powder is 300 mesh.
优选1：该水溶性陶瓷型芯的组份按质量份表示为：电熔刚玉粉100份，水溶性无机盐20-40份；Preferred 1: The components of the water-soluble ceramic core are expressed in parts by mass: 100 parts of fused corundum powder, 20-40 parts of water-soluble inorganic salt;
其中，所述水溶性无机盐的组份按质量份表示为：NaCl 20-30份、Na2CO3 5-75份和K2CO3 5-75份的混合物。Wherein, the components of the water-soluble inorganic salt are expressed in parts by mass: a mixture of 20-30 parts of NaCl, 5-75 parts of Na2 CO3 and 5-75 parts of K2 CO3 .
优选2：该水溶性陶瓷型芯的组份按质量份表示为：电熔刚玉粉120份，水溶性无机盐20-40份；Preferred 2: The components of the water-soluble ceramic core are expressed in parts by mass: 120 parts of fused corundum powder, 20-40 parts of water-soluble inorganic salt;
其中，所述水溶性无机盐的组份按质量份表示为：NaCl 20-30份、Na2CO3 5-75份和K2CO3 5-75份的混合物。Wherein, the components of the water-soluble inorganic salt are expressed in parts by mass: a mixture of 20-30 parts of NaCl, 5-75 parts of Na2 CO3 and 5-75 parts of K2 CO3 .
本发明的一种水溶性陶瓷型芯的制备方法包括以下步骤：A kind of preparation method of water-soluble ceramic core of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1)将电熔刚玉粉末和水溶性无机盐放入烘箱中，在140℃-150℃的温度2.5h-3h烘干；1) Put the fused corundum powder and water-soluble inorganic salt into an oven, and dry at a temperature of 140°C-150°C for 2.5h-3h;
2)按预先设定的比例称取步骤1)预处理后的电熔刚玉粉末、水溶性无机盐；2) Weighing the fused corundum powder and water-soluble inorganic salt after step 1) pretreatment according to a preset ratio;
3)将称量好的电熔刚玉粉末和水溶性无机盐装入行星式球磨机的球磨罐，在350r/min-380r/min的转速下球磨1.5h-2h；3) Put the weighed fused corundum powder and water-soluble inorganic salt into the ball mill tank of the planetary ball mill, and ball mill at a speed of 350r/min-380r/min for 1.5h-2h;
4)将混好的原料压制成型，成型工艺为在7MPa-8MPa的压力下保压90s-120s，然后进行脱模，得到坯体；4) Pressing the mixed raw materials into molding, the molding process is to hold the pressure for 90s-120s under the pressure of 7MPa-8MPa, and then demold to obtain the green body;
5)将压制好的坯体埋入工业氧化铝填料，按照90℃/小时-100℃/小时的加热速度升温，在720-750℃烧结1-1.5小时，得到陶瓷型芯。5) Embedding the pressed green body into industrial alumina filler, heating up at a heating rate of 90°C/hour-100°C/hour, and sintering at 720-750°C for 1-1.5 hours to obtain a ceramic core.
有益效果：相对于现有技术，本发明技术具有以下优势：Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the technology of the present invention has the following advantages:
本发明采用三种水溶性的盐配制水溶性陶瓷型芯，可以根据实际使用过程中对型芯性能的要求，调节盐的相对比例，进而调节型芯的性能。如希望型芯强度高时，可适当增加K2CO3的用量；希望型芯保存性好时，需要减少K2CO3的用量。The invention adopts three kinds of water-soluble salts to prepare the water-soluble ceramic core, and can adjust the relative ratio of the salts according to the performance requirements of the core in the actual use process, and then adjust the performance of the core. If the strength of the core is expected to be high, the dosage of K2 CO3 can be increased appropriately; if the preservation of the core is expected to be good, the dosage of K2 CO3 needs to be reduced.
具体实施方式detailed description
实施例1：Example 1:
(1)将电熔刚玉粉和水溶性无机盐放入烘箱中，在140℃-150℃的温度2.5h-3h烘干；(1) Put the fused corundum powder and water-soluble inorganic salt into an oven, and dry at a temperature of 140°C-150°C for 2.5h-3h;
(2)称取电熔刚玉粉120份，水溶性无机盐20份，所述水溶性无机盐的组成为NaCl20份、Na2CO3 5份和K2CO3 75份；(2) Weighing 120 parts of fused corundum powder and 20 parts of water-soluble inorganic salt, the composition of the water-soluble inorganic salt is 20 parts ofNaCl ,5 parts ofNa2CO3 and 75 parts of K2CO3;
(3)称取电熔刚玉粉，和水溶性无机盐装入行星式球磨机的球磨罐，在350r/min的转速下球磨1.5h-2h；(3) Weigh the fused corundum powder, and put the water-soluble inorganic salt into the ball milling tank of the planetary ball mill, and ball mill it for 1.5h-2h at a rotating speed of 350r/min;
(4)将混好的原料压制成型，成型工艺为在7MPa-8MPa的压力下保压90s-120s，然后进行脱模，得到坯体；(4) The mixed raw materials are pressed into shape, and the molding process is to hold the pressure for 90s-120s under the pressure of 7MPa-8MPa, and then demould to obtain the green body;
(5)将压制好的试样埋入工业氧化铝填料，按照设定的加热速度100℃/小时升温，在720℃烧结1小时，得到型芯。(5) Embed the pressed sample into industrial alumina filler, raise the temperature according to the set heating rate of 100°C/hour, and sinter at 720°C for 1 hour to obtain the core.
(6)测试烧结后的陶瓷型芯，抗弯强度可达到11MPa。(6) After testing the sintered ceramic core, the bending strength can reach 11MPa.
实施例2：Example 2:
(1)将电熔刚玉粉和水溶性无机盐放入烘箱中，在140℃-150℃的温度2.5h-3h烘干；(1) Put the fused corundum powder and water-soluble inorganic salt into an oven, and dry at a temperature of 140°C-150°C for 2.5h-3h;
(2)称取电熔刚玉粉120份，水溶性无机盐40份，所述水溶性无机盐的组成为NaCl30份、Na2CO3 75份和K2CO3 5份；(2) Weigh 120 parts of fused corundum powder, 40 parts of water-soluble inorganic salt, the composition of the water-soluble inorganic salt is 30 parts of NaCl, 75 parts of Na2 CO3 and 5 parts of K2 CO3 ;
(3)称取电熔刚玉粉，和水溶性无机盐装入行星式球磨机的球磨罐，在380r/min的转速下球磨1.5h-2h；(3) Weigh the fused corundum powder, and put the water-soluble inorganic salt into the ball milling tank of the planetary ball mill, and ball mill it for 1.5h-2h at a rotating speed of 380r/min;
(4)将混好的原料压制成型，成型工艺为在7MPa-8MPa的压力下保压90s-120s，然后进行脱模，得到坯体；(4) The mixed raw materials are pressed into shape, and the molding process is to hold the pressure for 90s-120s under the pressure of 7MPa-8MPa, and then demould to obtain the green body;
(5)将压制好的试样埋入工业氧化铝填料，按照设定的加热速度90℃/小时升温，在750℃烧结1小时，得到型芯。(5) Embed the pressed sample into industrial alumina filler, raise the temperature according to the set heating rate of 90°C/hour, and sinter at 750°C for 1 hour to obtain the core.
(6)测试烧结后的陶瓷型芯，抗弯强度可达到7MPa。(6) After testing the sintered ceramic core, the bending strength can reach 7MPa.
实施例3：Example 3:
(1)将电熔刚玉粉和水溶性无机盐放入烘箱中，在140℃-150℃的温度2.5h-3h烘干；(1) Put the fused corundum powder and water-soluble inorganic salt into an oven, and dry at a temperature of 140°C-150°C for 2.5h-3h;
(2)称取电熔刚玉粉110份，水溶性无机盐30份，所述水溶性无机盐的组成为NaCl25份、Na2CO3 40份和K2CO3 40份；(2) Weighing 110 parts of fused corundum powder and 30 parts of water-soluble inorganic salt, the composition of the water-soluble inorganic salt is 25 parts of NaCl, 40 parts of Na2 CO3 and 40 parts of K2 CO3 ;
(3)称取电熔刚玉粉，和水溶性无机盐装入行星式球磨机的球磨罐，在350r/min的转速下球磨1.5h-2h；(3) Weigh the fused corundum powder, and put the water-soluble inorganic salt into the ball milling tank of the planetary ball mill, and ball mill it for 1.5h-2h at a rotating speed of 350r/min;
(4)将混好的原料压制成型，成型工艺为在7MPa-8MPa的压力下保压90s-120s，然后进行脱模，得到坯体；(4) The mixed raw materials are pressed into shape, and the molding process is to hold the pressure for 90s-120s under the pressure of 7MPa-8MPa, and then demould to obtain the green body;
(5)将压制好的试样埋入工业氧化铝填料，按照设定的加热速度95℃/小时升温，在730℃烧结1.5小时，得到型芯。(5) Embed the pressed sample into industrial alumina filler, raise the temperature according to the set heating rate of 95°C/hour, and sinter at 730°C for 1.5 hours to obtain the core.
(6)测试烧结后的陶瓷型芯，抗弯强度可达到9MPa。(6) After testing the sintered ceramic core, the bending strength can reach 9MPa.
实施例4：Example 4:
(1)将电熔刚玉粉和水溶性无机盐放入烘箱中，在140℃-150℃的温度2.5h-3h烘干；(1) Put the fused corundum powder and water-soluble inorganic salt into an oven, and dry at a temperature of 140°C-150°C for 2.5h-3h;
(2)称取电熔刚玉粉100份，水溶性无机盐20份，所述水溶性无机盐的组成为NaCl20份、Na2CO3 40份和K2CO3 40份；(2) Weighing 100 parts of fused corundum powder and 20 parts of water-soluble inorganic salt, the composition of the water-soluble inorganic salt is 20 parts of NaCl, 40 parts of Na2 CO3 and 40 parts of K2 CO3 ;
(3)称取电熔刚玉粉，和水溶性无机盐装入行星式球磨机的球磨罐，在350r/min的转速下球磨1.5h-2h；(3) Weigh the fused corundum powder, and put the water-soluble inorganic salt into the ball milling tank of the planetary ball mill, and ball mill it for 1.5h-2h at a rotating speed of 350r/min;
(4)将混好的原料压制成型，成型工艺为在7MPa-8MPa的压力下保压90s-120s，然后进行脱模，得到坯体；(4) The mixed raw materials are pressed into shape, and the molding process is to hold the pressure for 90s-120s under the pressure of 7MPa-8MPa, and then demould to obtain the green body;
(5)将压制好的试样埋入工业氧化铝填料，按照设定的加热速度100℃/小时升温，在750℃烧结1小时，得到型芯。(5) Embed the pressed sample into industrial alumina filler, raise the temperature according to the set heating rate of 100°C/hour, and sinter at 750°C for 1 hour to obtain the core.
(6)测试烧结后的陶瓷型芯，抗弯强度可达到8MPa。(6) After testing the sintered ceramic core, the bending strength can reach 8MPa.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710181192.4ACN106866124A (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2017-03-24 | A kind of Water-soluble ceramic core and preparation method thereof |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710181192.4ACN106866124A (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2017-03-24 | A kind of Water-soluble ceramic core and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106866124Atrue CN106866124A (en) | 2017-06-20 |
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| CN201710181192.4AWithdrawnCN106866124A (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2017-03-24 | A kind of Water-soluble ceramic core and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107737880A (en)* | 2017-09-01 | 2018-02-27 | 东风精密铸造安徽有限公司 | A kind of Water-soluble ceramic core and preparation method thereof |
| CN107812893A (en)* | 2017-10-18 | 2018-03-20 | 张国栋 | One kind casting cast salt core and preparation method thereof |
| CN109550904A (en)* | 2019-01-03 | 2019-04-02 | 安徽应流久源核能新材料科技有限公司 | It is a kind of using powder as Water-soluble ceramic core of raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109848363A (en)* | 2019-01-14 | 2019-06-07 | 东莞理工学院 | Material for preparing soluble ceramic mold, soluble ceramic mold and application thereof |
| CN110240471A (en)* | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-17 | 东南大学 | A kind of water-soluble ceramic core and preparation method thereof |
| CN114850412A (en)* | 2022-04-26 | 2022-08-05 | 东南大学 | A kind of hot die casting water-soluble ceramic core for light alloy investment casting and preparation method thereof |
| CN116120038A (en)* | 2023-02-08 | 2023-05-16 | 上海市固体废物处置有限公司 | Water-soluble mold core and preparation method thereof |
| CN117383916A (en)* | 2023-09-21 | 2024-01-12 | 华中科技大学 | Soluble ceramic core, preparation method and application |
| CN120571956A (en)* | 2025-08-04 | 2025-09-02 | 中国机械总院集团沈阳铸造研究所有限公司 | Water-soluble ceramic core formed by hot-pressing injection method and preparation method thereof |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107737880A (en)* | 2017-09-01 | 2018-02-27 | 东风精密铸造安徽有限公司 | A kind of Water-soluble ceramic core and preparation method thereof |
| CN107812893A (en)* | 2017-10-18 | 2018-03-20 | 张国栋 | One kind casting cast salt core and preparation method thereof |
| CN109550904A (en)* | 2019-01-03 | 2019-04-02 | 安徽应流久源核能新材料科技有限公司 | It is a kind of using powder as Water-soluble ceramic core of raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109848363A (en)* | 2019-01-14 | 2019-06-07 | 东莞理工学院 | Material for preparing soluble ceramic mold, soluble ceramic mold and application thereof |
| CN110240471A (en)* | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-17 | 东南大学 | A kind of water-soluble ceramic core and preparation method thereof |
| CN114850412A (en)* | 2022-04-26 | 2022-08-05 | 东南大学 | A kind of hot die casting water-soluble ceramic core for light alloy investment casting and preparation method thereof |
| CN116120038A (en)* | 2023-02-08 | 2023-05-16 | 上海市固体废物处置有限公司 | Water-soluble mold core and preparation method thereof |
| CN116120038B (en)* | 2023-02-08 | 2024-04-09 | 上海市固体废物处置有限公司 | Water-soluble mold core and preparation method thereof |
| CN117383916A (en)* | 2023-09-21 | 2024-01-12 | 华中科技大学 | Soluble ceramic core, preparation method and application |
| CN120571956A (en)* | 2025-08-04 | 2025-09-02 | 中国机械总院集团沈阳铸造研究所有限公司 | Water-soluble ceramic core formed by hot-pressing injection method and preparation method thereof |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication | Application publication date:20170620 | |
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |