技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种高性能硬质合金，属于硬质合金制备技术领域。The invention relates to a high-performance cemented carbide, which belongs to the technical field of cemented carbide preparation.
背景技术：Background technique:
硬质合金是指由一种或多种难熔金属的碳化物(WC、TiC等)作为硬质相，用金属粘结剂(Co、Fe、Ni等)作为粘结相，经粉末冶金技术制造出来的材料。硬质合金至20世纪30年代以来，被广泛应用于矿石工具、切削工具、医用材料、耐磨零件、微型钻头等设备。随着制造业的飞速发展，对硬质合金刀具材料要求其在高强度的同时拥有高韧性，即所谓的“双高合金”。Cemented carbide refers to one or more carbides of refractory metals (WC, TiC, etc.) as the hard phase, and metal binders (Co, Fe, Ni, etc.) manufactured materials. Since the 1930s, cemented carbide has been widely used in ore tools, cutting tools, medical materials, wear-resistant parts, micro-drills and other equipment. With the rapid development of the manufacturing industry, cemented carbide cutting tool materials are required to have high toughness at the same time of high strength, which is the so-called "double high alloy".
研究表明，当碳化钨(WC)的颗粒尺寸减小到亚微米以下时，硬质合金材料的硬度和耐磨性、强度和韧性均获得了提高，因此超细甚至纳米晶硬质合金的开发成为了竞相研发的热点。Studies have shown that when the particle size of tungsten carbide (WC) is reduced below submicrons, the hardness and wear resistance, strength and toughness of cemented carbide materials are improved, so the development of ultrafine or even nanocrystalline cemented carbide It has become a hot spot of competing research and development.
制备超细硬质合金必须在烧结过程中严格控制碳化钨晶粒的长大。为了严格控制碳化钨晶粒的长大，通常采用的方法包括(1)采用微波、放电等离子等手段进行快速烧结，但此类方法对设备要求极高，投资巨大，工业规模化生产难度较高、成本高；(2)在原料(碳化钨、钴粉)的球磨混料过程中加入晶粒长大抑制剂(VC、Cr3C2、TaC等)，通过球磨混料使VC等晶粒长大抑制剂分散，在烧结的降温过程中碳化钨从粘结相中“溶解析出”，由于有VC等晶粒长大抑制剂的存在，使得WC晶粒的长大过程得到抑制。但加入晶粒长大抑制剂亦存在许多不可避免的缺点，比如在个别区域晶粒长大抑制剂“贫乏”，导致这些区域的WC晶粒出现异常长大，异常长大的晶粒常常成为裂纹源、脆性源，将对整个硬质合金制品性能带来不利影响；同时晶粒长大抑制剂加入量过多时，又将导致合金力学性能的损失。To prepare ultra-fine cemented carbide, the growth of tungsten carbide grains must be strictly controlled during the sintering process. In order to strictly control the growth of tungsten carbide grains, the commonly used methods include (1) rapid sintering by means of microwave, discharge plasma, etc., but such methods have extremely high requirements for equipment, huge investment, and high difficulty in industrial scale production , high cost; (2) Add grain growth inhibitors (VC, Cr3 C2 , TaC, etc.) The growth inhibitor is dispersed, and tungsten carbide is "dissolved" from the binder phase during the cooling process of sintering. Due to the presence of grain growth inhibitors such as VC, the growth process of WC grains is inhibited. However, adding grain growth inhibitors also has many unavoidable disadvantages, such as "poor" grain growth inhibitors in individual areas, resulting in abnormal growth of WC grains in these areas, and abnormally grown grains often become Sources of cracks and brittleness will adversely affect the performance of the entire cemented carbide product; at the same time, when the grain growth inhibitor is added too much, it will lead to the loss of the mechanical properties of the alloy.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种高性能硬质合金，解决了现有技术存在的工业规模化生产难度较大、成本高、WC晶粒异常长大、孔隙较多等技术难题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-performance cemented carbide, which solves the technical problems existing in the prior art such as difficulty in large-scale industrial production, high cost, abnormal growth of WC grains, and many pores.
本发明采取的技术解决方案是：一种高性能硬质合金，以钴基合金代替钴作为粘结相，其中，钴基合金组成为Co-Al-W，各组分的摩尔百分比如下：Co：78％-99％，Al：1％-10％，W：0.1％-12％。The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a high-performance cemented carbide, using a cobalt-based alloy instead of cobalt as the bonding phase, wherein the cobalt-based alloy is composed of Co-Al-W, and the molar percentages of each component are as follows: Co : 78%-99%, Al: 1%-10%, W: 0.1%-12%.
所述的硬质合金中，硬质相占总硬质合金的70wt％-95wt％，钴基合金占总硬质合金的5wt％-30wt％。In the hard alloy, the hard phase accounts for 70wt%-95wt% of the total hard alloy, and the cobalt-based alloy accounts for 5wt%-30wt% of the total hard alloy.
本发明所述高性能硬质合金的制备方法，所述的硬质合金是将上述钴基合金与硬质相经球磨混合、干燥、压制成型、真空高温烧结后制得。The preparation method of the high-performance cemented carbide of the present invention is that the cemented carbide is obtained by mixing the above-mentioned cobalt-based alloy and the hard phase through ball milling, drying, pressing and sintering at high temperature in vacuum.
所述的真空高温烧结是先加热到1350℃-1450℃，保温1h-4h，然后降温到1200℃±50℃保温2h-4h。The vacuum high-temperature sintering is firstly heated to 1350°C-1450°C, kept for 1h-4h, and then cooled to 1200°C±50°C for 2h-4h.
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下的有益效果：(1)本发明通过使用钴基合金代替Co作为粘结相，从而降低了液相出现时的温度，使得在较低温度进行烧结时能够解决孔隙过多、粘结相分布不均等问题，并且WC颗粒不容易长大，从而得到晶粒度小、高硬度、高韧性的硬质合金。(2)本发明所述的硬质合金，WC颗粒大小D<300nm，硬度最高达到2100HV，烧结温度降低50℃，使用寿命最高达到同成分标准硬质合金的2.1倍。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the present invention replaces Co as the bonding phase by using a cobalt-based alloy, thereby reducing the temperature when the liquid phase occurs, so that when sintering at a lower temperature It can solve the problems of too many pores and uneven distribution of binder phase, and the WC particles are not easy to grow, so that a cemented carbide with small grain size, high hardness and high toughness can be obtained. (2) In the cemented carbide of the present invention, the WC particle size D<300nm, the maximum hardness reaches 2100HV, the sintering temperature is reduced by 50°C, and the maximum service life is 2.1 times that of the standard cemented carbide with the same composition.
具体实施方式detailed description
实施例1：以钴基合金作为粘结相的高性能硬质合金Embodiment 1: take cobalt-based alloy as the high-performance cemented carbide of bonding phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴基合金(Co82-Al8-W10)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的90wt％，钴基合金占总原料的10wt％。球磨36小时，将上述制备好的混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：首先加热到1350℃，保温2h，然后降温到1200℃保温2h。所制得硬质合金WC颗粒大小为200nn，硬度为2100HV0.5，使用寿命达到同成分标准硬质合金的2.1倍。Tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) is added with cobalt-based alloy (Co82 -Al8 -W10 ) as raw material, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounts for 90wt% of the total raw material, and cobalt-based alloy accounts for 10wt% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above prepared mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the compacted compact, and the sintering process is as follows: first, heat to 1350°C, hold for 2 hours, then cool down to 1200°C, and hold for 2 hours. The prepared cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 200mm, a hardness of 2100HV0.5, and a service life of 2.1 times that of the standard cemented carbide with the same composition.
实施例2：以钴基合金作为粘结相的高性能硬质合金Embodiment 2: take cobalt-based alloy as the high-performance cemented carbide of bonding phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴基合金(Co99-Al1-W0.1)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的90wt％，钴基合金占总原料的10wt％。球磨36小时，将上述制备好的混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：首先加热到1350℃，保温2h，然后降温到1200℃保温2h。所制得硬质合金WC颗粒大小为260nm，硬度为2000HV0.5，使用寿命达到同成分标准硬质合金的1.4倍。Tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) is added with cobalt-based alloy (Co99 -Al1 -W0.1 ) as raw material, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounts for 90wt% of the total raw material, and cobalt-based alloy accounts for 10wt% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above prepared mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the compacted compact, and the sintering process is as follows: first, heat to 1350° C., hold for 2 hours, then cool down to 1,200° C. and hold for 2 hours. The prepared cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 260nm, a hardness of 2000HV0.5, and a service life of 1.4 times that of the standard cemented carbide with the same composition.
实施例3：以钴基合金作为粘结相的高性能硬质合金Embodiment 3: take cobalt-based alloy as the high-performance cemented carbide of bonding phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴基合金(Co78-Al10-W12)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的90wt％，钴基合金占总原料的10wt％。球磨36小时，将上述制备好的混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：首先加热到1350℃，保温2h，然后降温到1200℃保温2h。所制得硬质合金WC颗粒大小为240nm，硬度为2030HV0.5，使用寿命达到同成分标准硬质合金的1.5倍。Tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) is added with cobalt-based alloy (Co78 -Al10 -W12 ) as raw material, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounts for 90wt% of the total raw material, and cobalt-based alloy accounts for 10wt% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above prepared mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the compacted compact, and the sintering process is as follows: first, heat to 1350° C., hold for 2 hours, then cool down to 1,200° C. and hold for 2 hours. The prepared cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 240nm, a hardness of 2030HV0.5, and a service life of 1.5 times that of the standard cemented carbide with the same composition.
实施例4：以钴基合金作为粘结相的高性能硬质合金Embodiment 4: take cobalt-based alloy as the high-performance cemented carbide of bonding phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴基合金(Co89-Al5-W6)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的90wt％，钴基合金占总原料的10wt％。球磨36小时，将上述制备好的混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：首先加热到1350℃，保温2h，然后降温到1200℃保温2h。所制得硬质合金WC颗粒大小为270nm，硬度为2020HV0.5，使用寿命达到同成分标准硬质合金的1.8倍。Tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) is added with cobalt-based alloy (Co89 -Al5 -W6 ) as raw material, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounts for 90wt% of the total raw material, and cobalt-based alloy accounts for 10wt% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above prepared mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the compacted compact, and the sintering process is as follows: first, heat to 1350°C, hold for 2 hours, then cool down to 1200°C, and hold for 2 hours. The prepared cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 270nm, a hardness of 2020HV0.5, and a service life of 1.8 times that of the standard cemented carbide with the same composition.
实施例5：以钴基合金作为粘结相的高性能硬质合金Embodiment 5: take cobalt-based alloy as the high-performance cemented carbide of bonding phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴基合金(Co84-Al7-W9)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的90wt％，钴基合金占总原料的10wt％。球磨36小时，将上述制备好的混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：首先加热到1350℃，保温2h，然后降温到1200℃保温2h。所制得硬质合金WC颗粒大小为260nm，硬度为2080HV0.5，使用寿命达到同成分标准硬质合金的1.9倍。Tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) is added with cobalt-based alloy (Co84 -Al7 -W9 ) as raw material, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounts for 90wt% of the total raw material, and cobalt-based alloy accounts for 10wt% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above prepared mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the compacted compact, and the sintering process is as follows: first, heat to 1350° C., hold for 2 hours, then cool down to 1,200° C. and hold for 2 hours. The prepared cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 260nm, a hardness of 2080HV0.5, and a service life of 1.9 times that of the standard cemented carbide with the same composition.
实施例6：以钴基合金作为粘结相的高性能YG10硬质合金Embodiment 6: High-performance YG10 cemented carbide with cobalt-based alloy as binder phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴基合金(Co93-Al3-W4)作为原料。其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的90wt％，钴基合金占总原料的10wt％。球磨36小时，将上述混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：首先加热到1350℃，保温2h，然后降温到1200℃保温2h。所制得硬质合金WC颗粒大小为250nm，硬度为2020HV0.5，使用寿命达到同成分标准硬质合金的1.6倍。Tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) added with cobalt-based alloy (Co93 -Al3 -W4 ) is selected as the raw material. Wherein the tungsten carbide powder accounts for 90wt% of the total raw material, and the cobalt-based alloy accounts for 10wt% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the compacted compact, and the sintering process is as follows: first, heat to 1350° C., hold for 2 hours, then cool down to 1,200° C. and hold for 2 hours. The prepared cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 250nm, a hardness of 2020HV0.5, and a service life of 1.6 times that of the standard cemented carbide with the same composition.
对比例1：以钴作为粘结相的YG10硬质合金Comparative example 1: YG10 cemented carbide with cobalt as binder phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴(纯度99.9％，300目)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的90wt％，钴占总原料的10wt％。球磨36小时，将上述混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：加热到1400℃，保温2h。所制得YG10硬质合金WC颗粒大小为250nm，硬度为1500HV0.5。Tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) is added with cobalt (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) as raw material, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounts for 90wt% of the total raw material, and cobalt accounts for 10wt% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the pressed compact, and the sintering process is as follows: heating to 1400° C. and holding for 2 hours. The obtained YG10 cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 250nm and a hardness of 1500HV0.5.
各实施例与对比例成分及性能见于表1，其中切削实验参数如下：主轴转速3000r/min，进给量0.2mm/r，背吃刀量0.1mm，加工材料为铸铁(HT200)。The components and properties of each embodiment and comparative example are shown in Table 1, wherein the cutting experimental parameters are as follows: the spindle speed is 3000r/min, the feed rate is 0.2mm/r, the back cutting amount is 0.1mm, and the processing material is cast iron (HT200).
表1 各成分钴基合金作为粘结相的硬质合金成分与性能Table 1 Composition and properties of cemented carbide with cobalt-based alloys as binder phase
注：切削寿命一栏数值均为对应同成分标准硬质合金(即对比例1)的寿命倍数。Note: The values in the column of cutting life are the life multiples corresponding to the standard cemented carbide with the same composition (that is, comparative example 1).
由上表1可看出，采用钴基合金作为粘结相的硬质合金的WC颗粒大小明显变小，硬度及切削寿命明显提高，且钴基合金成分为Co82-Al8-W10时，硬质合金性能最好。It can be seen from the above table 1 that the WC particle size of the cemented carbide using cobalt-based alloy as the binder phase is significantly smaller, the hardness and cutting life are significantly improved, and the cobalt-based alloy composition is Co82 -Al8 -W10 , Carbide has the best performance.
为更好体现出采用钴基合金作为粘结相可降低硬质合金的烧结温度，本发明采用不同烧结工艺进行实验，所得硬质合金性能见于表2。硬质合金采用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴基合金(Co82-Al8-W10)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的90wt％，钴基合金占总原料的10wt％。其中切削实验参数如下：主轴转速3000r/min，进给量0.2mm/r，背吃刀量0.1mm，加工材料为铸铁(HT200)。In order to better reflect that the sintering temperature of the cemented carbide can be reduced by using a cobalt-based alloy as the binder phase, the present invention adopts different sintering processes for experiments, and the properties of the obtained cemented carbide are shown in Table 2. Cemented carbide uses tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) and cobalt-based alloy (Co82 -Al8 -W10 ) as raw material, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounts for 90wt% of the total raw material, and cobalt-based alloy accounts for 90% of the total raw material. 10 wt%. The cutting experimental parameters are as follows: the spindle speed is 3000r/min, the feed rate is 0.2mm/r, the back cutting amount is 0.1mm, and the processing material is cast iron (HT200).
表2 不同烧结工艺下以钴基合金作为粘结相的硬质合金的性能Table 2 Properties of cemented carbide with cobalt-based alloy as binder phase under different sintering processes
注：切削寿命一栏数值均为对应同成分标准硬质合金(即对比例1)的寿命倍数。Note: The values in the column of cutting life are the life multiples corresponding to the standard cemented carbide with the same composition (that is, comparative example 1).
由表2可知，采用1350℃保温2h，后降温至1200℃保温2h的烧结工艺最为合理。It can be seen from Table 2 that the sintering process of holding at 1350°C for 2h and then cooling down to 1200°C for 2h is the most reasonable.
本发明所述钴基合金亦可应用于其它牌号硬质合金，本发明采用上述最佳的钴基合金成分(Co82-Al8-W10)作为粘结相，制备其它牌号硬质合金，具体实施例及对比例如下。The cobalt-based alloy described in the present invention can also be applied to other grades of cemented carbide. The present invention adopts the above-mentioned optimal cobalt-based alloy composition (Co82 -Al8 -W10 ) as the binder phase to prepare other grades of cemented carbide. Specific examples and comparative examples are as follows.
实施例7：以钴基合金作为粘结相的高性能硬质合金Embodiment 7: take cobalt-based alloy as the high-performance cemented carbide of bonding phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴基合金(Co82-Al8-W10)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的94wt％，钴基合金占总原料的6wt％。球磨36小时，将上述制备好的混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：首先加热到1380℃，保温2h，然后降温到1200℃保温2h。所制得硬质合金WC颗粒大小为210nm，硬度为1800HV0.5，使用寿命达到同成分标准硬质合金的2倍。Tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) is added with cobalt-based alloy (Co82 -Al8 -W10 ) as raw material, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounts for 94wt% of the total raw material, and cobalt-based alloy accounts for 6wt% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above prepared mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the compacted green compact, and the sintering process is as follows: first, heat to 1380°C, hold for 2 hours, then lower the temperature to 1200°C, and hold for 2 hours. The prepared cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 210nm, a hardness of 1800HV0.5, and a service life of twice that of the standard cemented carbide with the same composition.
对比例2：以钴作为粘结相的硬质合金Comparative example 2: Cemented carbide with cobalt as binder phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴(纯度99.9％，300目)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的94wt％，钴占总原料的6wt％。球磨36小时，将上述混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：加热到1430℃保温2h。所制得硬质合金WC颗粒大小为400nm，硬度为1350HV0.5。Tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) was added with cobalt (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) as raw material, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounted for 94wt% of the total raw material, and cobalt accounted for 6wt% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the pressed compact, and the sintering process is as follows: heating to 1430° C. for 2 hours. The obtained cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 400nm and a hardness of 1350HV0.5.
实施例8：以钴基合金作为粘结相的高性能硬质合金Embodiment 8: High-performance cemented carbide with cobalt-based alloy as binder phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴基合金(Co82-Al8-W10)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的92wt％，钴基合金占总原料的8wt％。球磨36小时，将上述制备好的混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：首先加热到1380℃，保温2h，然后降温到1200℃保温2h。所制得硬质合金WC颗粒大小为260nm，硬度为1750HV0.5，使用寿命达到同成分标准硬质合金的1.9倍。Tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) is added with cobalt-based alloy (Co82 -Al8 -W10 ) as raw material, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounts for 92wt% of the total raw material, and cobalt-based alloy accounts for 8wt% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above prepared mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the compacted green compact, and the sintering process is as follows: first, heat to 1380°C, hold for 2 hours, then lower the temperature to 1200°C, and hold for 2 hours. The obtained cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 260nm, a hardness of 1750HV0.5, and a service life of 1.9 times that of the standard cemented carbide with the same composition.
对比例3：以钴作为粘结相的硬质合金Comparative example 3: Cemented carbide with cobalt as binder phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴(纯度99.9％，300目)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的92wt％，钴占总原料的8wt％。球磨36小时，将上述混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：加热到1430℃保温2h。所制得硬质合金WC颗粒大小为420nm，硬度为1300HV0.5。Tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) was added with cobalt (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) as a raw material, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounted for 92wt% of the total raw material, and cobalt accounted for 8wt% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the pressed compact, and the sintering process is as follows: heating to 1430° C. for 2 hours. The obtained cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 420nm and a hardness of 1300HV0.5.
实施例9：以钴基合金作为粘结相的高性能硬质合金Embodiment 9: High-performance cemented carbide with cobalt-based alloy as binder phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴基合金(Co82-Al8-W10)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的85wt％，钴基合金占总原料的15wt％。球磨36小时，将上述制备好的混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：首先加热到1350℃，保温2h，然后降温到1200℃保温2h。所制得硬质合金WC颗粒大小为260nm，硬度为1540HV0.5，使用寿命达到同成分标准硬质合金的2.1倍。Tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) is added with cobalt-based alloy (Co82 -Al8 -W10 ) as raw material, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounts for 85wt% of the total raw material, and cobalt-based alloy accounts for 15wt% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above prepared mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the compacted compact, and the sintering process is as follows: first, heat to 1350° C., hold for 2 hours, then cool down to 1,200° C. and hold for 2 hours. The prepared cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 260nm, a hardness of 1540HV0.5, and a service life of 2.1 times that of the standard cemented carbide with the same composition.
对比例4：以钴作为粘结相的硬质合金Comparative Example 4: Cemented carbide with cobalt as binder phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴(纯度99.9％，300目)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的85wt％，钴占总原料的15wt％。球磨36小时，将上述混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：加热到1400℃保温2h。所制得硬质合金WC颗粒大小为410nm，硬度为1140HV0.5。Tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) was added with cobalt (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) as raw material, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounted for 85wt% of the total raw material, and cobalt accounted for 15wt% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the pressed compact, and the sintering process is as follows: heating to 1400° C. for 2 hours. The prepared cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 410nm and a hardness of 1140HV0.5.
实施例10：以钴基合金作为粘结相的高性能硬质合金Embodiment 10: High-performance cemented carbide with cobalt-based alloy as binder phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴基合金(Co82-Al8-W10)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的90wt％，钴基合金占总原料的5wt％，碳化钛占总原料的5％。球磨36小时，将上述制备好的混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：首先加热到1450℃，保温2h，然后降温到1200℃保温2h。所制得硬质合金WC颗粒大小为260nm，硬度为1840HV0.5，使用寿命达到同成分标准硬质合金的2倍。Tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) is added with cobalt-based alloy (Co82 -Al8 -W10 ) as raw material, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounts for 90wt% of the total raw material, cobalt-based alloy accounts for 5wt% of the total raw material, Titanium carbide accounts for 5% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above prepared mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the pressed compact, and the sintering process is as follows: first, heat to 1450°C, hold for 2h, then cool down to 1200°C, and hold for 2h. The prepared cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 260nm, a hardness of 1840HV0.5, and a service life of twice that of the standard cemented carbide with the same composition.
对比例5：以钴作为粘结相的硬质合金Comparative example 5: Cemented carbide with cobalt as binder phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴粉(纯度99.9％，300目)及TiC粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的90wt％，钴占总原料的5wt％，碳化钛占总原料的5％。球磨36小时，将上述混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：加热到1500℃保温2h。所制得硬质合金WC颗粒大小为460nm，硬度为1440HV0.5。Select tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) and add cobalt powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) and TiC powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) as raw materials, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounts for 90wt% of the total raw materials, cobalt accounts for 5wt% of the total raw material, titanium carbide accounts for 5% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the pressed compact, and the sintering process is as follows: heating to 1500° C. for 2 hours. The obtained cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 460nm and a hardness of 1440HV0.5.
实施例11：以钴基合金作为粘结相的高性能硬质合金Example 11: High-performance cemented carbide with cobalt-based alloy as binder phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴基合金(Co82-Al8-W10)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的80wt％，钴基合金占总原料的5wt％，碳化钛占总原料的15％。球磨36小时，将上述制备好的混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：首先加热到1450℃，保温2h，然后降温到1200℃保温2h。所制得硬质合金WC颗粒大小为250nm，硬度为2100HV0.5，使用寿命达到同成分标准硬质合金的2倍。Tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) is added with cobalt-based alloy (Co82 -Al8 -W10 ) as raw material, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounts for 80wt% of the total raw material, cobalt-based alloy accounts for 5wt% of the total raw material, Titanium carbide accounts for 15% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above prepared mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the pressed compact, and the sintering process is as follows: first, heat to 1450°C, hold for 2h, then cool down to 1200°C, and hold for 2h. The prepared cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 250nm, a hardness of 2100HV0.5, and a service life twice that of a standard cemented carbide with the same composition.
对比例6：以钴作为粘结相的硬质合金Comparative example 6: Cemented carbide with cobalt as binder phase
选用碳化钨粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)添加钴粉(纯度99.9％，300目)及TiC粉末(纯度99.9％，300目)作为原料，其中碳化钨粉末占总原料的80wt％，钴占总原料的5wt％，碳化钛占总原料的15％。球磨36小时，将上述混合料压制成压坯，其中压制压力为100MPa。将压制好的压坯进行真空烧结，烧结工艺如下：加热到1530℃保温2h。所制得硬质合金WC颗粒大小为450nm，硬度为1700HV0.5。Select tungsten carbide powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) and add cobalt powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) and TiC powder (purity 99.9%, 300 mesh) as raw materials, wherein tungsten carbide powder accounts for 80wt% of the total raw materials, cobalt accounts for 5wt% of the total raw material, titanium carbide accounts for 15% of the total raw material. After ball milling for 36 hours, the above mixture was pressed into a compact, wherein the pressing pressure was 100 MPa. Vacuum sintering is carried out on the pressed compact, and the sintering process is as follows: heating to 1530° C. for 2 hours. The obtained cemented carbide WC has a particle size of 450nm and a hardness of 1700HV0.5.
各实施例与对比例成分及性能见于表3，其中切削实验参数如下：主轴转速3000r/min，进给量0.2mm/r，背吃刀量0.1mm，加工材料为铸铁(HT200)。The components and properties of each embodiment and comparative example are shown in Table 3, wherein the cutting experimental parameters are as follows: spindle speed 3000r/min, feed rate 0.2mm/r, back cutting amount 0.1mm, and the processing material is cast iron (HT200).
表3 Co82-Al8-W10作为粘结相时不同硬质合金的性能Table 3 Properties of different cemented carbides when Co82 -Al8 -W10 is used as binder phase
注：除实施例9与对比例4的使用寿命为轧辊寿命外，其余均为切削寿命。Note: except that the service life of Example 9 and Comparative Example 4 is the life of the roll, the others are the cutting life.
使用寿命一栏数值均为对应同成分标准硬质合金的寿命倍数。The values in the column of service life are the service life multiples of the corresponding standard cemented carbide with the same composition.
由上表1-3可知，本发明所述钴基合金适用于各牌号硬质合金。It can be known from the above Tables 1-3 that the cobalt-based alloy described in the present invention is suitable for various grades of cemented carbide.
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| CN201510886066.XACN106834809A (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | A kind of high-performance carbide using cobalt-base alloys as Binder Phase |
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| CN201510886066.XACN106834809A (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | A kind of high-performance carbide using cobalt-base alloys as Binder Phase |
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