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CN106792492A - A kind of monitoring system based on radio detection traction machine state - Google Patents

A kind of monitoring system based on radio detection traction machine state
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CN106792492A
CN106792492ACN201710132004.9ACN201710132004ACN106792492ACN 106792492 ACN106792492 ACN 106792492ACN 201710132004 ACN201710132004 ACN 201710132004ACN 106792492 ACN106792492 ACN 106792492A
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traction machine
monitoring system
data
bearing
module
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李云飞
吴超华
陆晓康
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Suzhou University
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Suzhou University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of monitoring system based on radio detection traction machine state, the monitoring system is placed in traction machine axis by by torque sensor, for detecting traction when traction machine runs, it is easy to be monitored the functioning condition of traction machine, the outer ring and inner ring of bearing are monitored respectively using temperature sensor and vibrating sensor simultaneously, to judge the situation of traction machine itself bearing, finally by the data analysis and treatment of terminal server, the operating state for judging traction machine that can be promptly and accurately, the real-time status that traction machine can be directed to simultaneously carries out abnormal alarm or urgent stop, avoid major accident.

Description

Translated fromChinese
一种基于无线检测曳引机状态的监测系统A monitoring system based on wireless detection of traction machine status

技术领域technical field

本发明属于曳引机监测技术领域,具体涉及一种基于无线检测曳引机状态的监测系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of traction machine monitoring, in particular to a monitoring system based on wireless detection of the state of the traction machine.

背景技术Background technique

曳引机主要是用于电梯,又被称为电梯主机。曳引机主要用于传送动力来使电梯进行运转,由电动机,制动器,联轴器,减速箱,曳引轮,机架以及导向轮和附属盘车手轮等组成。安装在机房的电动机与减速箱、制动器等组成曳引机,是曳引驱动的动力。曳引钢丝绳通过曳引轮一端连接轿厢,一端连接对重装置。为使井道中的轿厢与对重各自沿井道中导轨运行而不相蹭,曳引机上放置一导向轮使二者分开。轿厢与对重装置的重力使曳引钢丝绳压紧在曳引轮槽内产生摩擦力。这样,电动机转动带动曳引轮转动,驱动钢丝绳,拖动轿厢和对重作相对运动。即轿厢上升,对重下降;对重上升,轿厢下降。于是,轿厢在井道中沿导轨上、下往复运行,电梯执行垂直运送任务。轿厢与对重能作相对运动是靠曳引绳和曳引轮间的摩擦力来实现的。这种力就叫曳引力或驱动力。运行中电梯轿厢的载荷和轿厢的位置以及运行方向都在变化。鉴于曳引机在电梯运行中的重要性,所以对曳引机的运行状态进行监控显得尤为重要。The traction machine is mainly used in elevators and is also called the elevator host. The traction machine is mainly used to transmit power to make the elevator run. It is composed of a motor, a brake, a coupling, a reduction box, a traction wheel, a frame, a guide wheel and an auxiliary turning hand wheel. The motor installed in the machine room, the reduction box, the brake, etc. constitute the traction machine, which is the power of the traction drive. One end of the traction wire rope is connected to the car through the traction sheave, and the other end is connected to the counterweight device. In order to make the car and the counterweight in the hoistway run along the guide rails in the hoistway without touching each other, a guide wheel is placed on the traction machine to separate the two. The gravity of the car and the counterweight makes the traction wire rope compressed in the traction wheel groove to generate friction. In this way, the rotation of the motor drives the traction sheave to rotate, drives the wire rope, and drags the car and the counterweight for relative motion. That is, the car goes up and the counterweight goes down; the counterweight goes up and the car goes down. Therefore, the car reciprocates up and down along the guide rail in the hoistway, and the elevator performs the task of vertical transportation. The relative movement between the car and the counterweight is realized by the friction between the traction rope and the traction wheel. This force is called traction or driving force. The load of the elevator car and the position of the car as well as the running direction are changing during operation. In view of the importance of the traction machine in the operation of the elevator, it is particularly important to monitor the running state of the traction machine.

目前,传统技术中对于曳引机的监测通常是对其速度、加速度、温度等参数进行实时监控,选择将传感器设置于电动机、制动器或减速箱上,无法准确得知曳引机运作时的曳引力及轴承的状态,不能直接有效的反馈曳引机的状况,难以准确判断电梯故障,而且传统监测数据均通过有线方式传输,布线复杂,成本及故障率高。At present, the monitoring of the traction machine in the traditional technology is usually to monitor its speed, acceleration, temperature and other parameters in real time. If the sensor is selected to be installed on the motor, brake or gearbox, it is impossible to accurately know the traction speed of the traction machine during operation. The status of gravity and bearings cannot directly and effectively feed back the status of the traction machine, and it is difficult to accurately judge elevator faults. Moreover, traditional monitoring data is transmitted through wired methods, which is complicated in wiring and high in cost and failure rate.

因此,鉴于以上问题,有必要提出一种可实现对曳引机的运行状态进行实时监控的系统,以便及时的发现故障并有效处理,避免发生重大事故。Therefore, in view of the above problems, it is necessary to propose a system that can realize real-time monitoring of the running state of the traction machine, so as to detect faults in time and deal with them effectively, and avoid major accidents.

发明内容Contents of the invention

有鉴于此,本发明提供了一种基于无线检测曳引机状态的监测系统,该监测系统可实现对曳引机的运行状态进行实时监控,能够及时准确的判断出曳引机的运作状态,以便及时的发现故障并有效处理,避免发生重大事故。In view of this, the present invention provides a monitoring system based on wireless detection of the state of the traction machine. The monitoring system can realize real-time monitoring of the running state of the traction machine, and can timely and accurately determine the running state of the traction machine. In order to detect faults in time and deal with them effectively, avoiding major accidents.

根据本发明的目的提出的一种基于无线检测曳引机状态的监测系统,所述监测系统包括数据采集模块,接收所述数据采集模块信息并传送至终端服务器的通信模块;所述数据采集模块至少包括安装于所述曳引机中轴上以检测曳引机运作时力矩的力矩传感器;According to the purpose of the present invention, a monitoring system based on wireless detection of the state of the traction machine is proposed, the monitoring system includes a data acquisition module, which receives the information of the data acquisition module and transmits it to the communication module of the terminal server; the data acquisition module At least including a torque sensor installed on the central shaft of the traction machine to detect the torque when the traction machine is running;

所述通信模块包括基于ZigBee网络的短距离无线通信模块与基于4G网络的远距离无线通信模块,所述短距离无线通信模块包括终端控制板与协调控制板,所述终端控制板与数据采集模块电连接,所述终端控制板上还设置有一ZigBee模块以发送数据,所述协调控制板上设置有至少一个与终端控制板对应的ZigBee模块以接收数据;The communication module includes a short-distance wireless communication module based on ZigBee network and a long-distance wireless communication module based on 4G network, the short-distance wireless communication module includes a terminal control board and a coordination control board, and the terminal control board and data acquisition module Electrically connected, the terminal control board is also provided with a ZigBee module to send data, and the coordination control board is provided with at least one ZigBee module corresponding to the terminal control board to receive data;

所述长距离无线通信模块包括所述协调控制板与终端服务器,所述协调控制板上还设置有一GPRS模块,所述GPRS模块将数据通过4G网络传送至终端服务器。The long-distance wireless communication module includes the coordination control board and a terminal server, and a GPRS module is arranged on the coordination control board, and the GPRS module transmits data to the terminal server through a 4G network.

优选的,所述数据采集模块还包括用以检测曳引机轴承状况的轴承检测器,所述轴承检测器与所述终端控制板电连接。Preferably, the data acquisition module further includes a bearing detector for detecting the bearing condition of the traction machine, and the bearing detector is electrically connected to the terminal control board.

优选的,所述轴承检测器包括设置于曳引机轴承外圈上的以检测曳引机运行时温度的温度传感器。Preferably, the bearing detector includes a temperature sensor arranged on the outer ring of the bearing of the traction machine to detect the temperature of the traction machine during operation.

优选的,所述轴承检测器包括设置于曳引机轴承内圈上的以检测曳引机运行时振动状态的振动传感器。Preferably, the bearing detector includes a vibration sensor arranged on the inner ring of the bearing of the traction machine to detect the vibration state of the traction machine during operation.

优选的,所述振动传感器检测数据包括振动频率与振动幅度。Preferably, the vibration sensor detection data includes vibration frequency and vibration amplitude.

优选的,所述终端服务器包括一存储器,所述存储器将接收到的数据与处理后的数据进行存储备用。Preferably, the terminal server includes a memory, and the memory stores the received data and the processed data for backup.

优选的,所述存储器内还存储有一正常运行时的力矩曲线模型,以便与检测数据比对。Preferably, a torque curve model during normal operation is also stored in the memory for comparison with the detection data.

与现有技术相比,本发明公开的基于无线检测曳引机状态的监测系统的优点是:该监测系统通过将力矩传感器置于曳引机中轴,用于检测曳引机运行时的曳引力,便于对曳引机的运作状况进行监测,同时采用温度传感器及振动传感器分别对轴承的外圈及内圈进行监测,来判断曳引机自身轴承的状况,实现了对曳引机的运作状态的实时精确监测。Compared with the prior art, the advantage of the monitoring system based on wireless detection of the state of the traction machine disclosed in the present invention is that the monitoring system is used to detect the traction force when the traction machine is running by placing the torque sensor on the central axis of the traction machine. At the same time, temperature sensors and vibration sensors are used to monitor the outer ring and inner ring of the bearing respectively to judge the condition of the bearing of the traction machine itself, and realize the operation of the traction machine. Real-time accurate monitoring of status.

本发明使用传感器技术和无线通讯技术进行曳引机运作状态的感知及数据的传输,最后通过终端服务器的数据分析及处理,能够及时准确的判断出曳引机的运作状态,同时可以针对曳引机的实时状态进行异常报警或者紧急制停,避免发生重大事故。The present invention uses sensor technology and wireless communication technology to sense the operation state of the traction machine and transmit data. Finally, through the data analysis and processing of the terminal server, the operation state of the traction machine can be judged in a timely and accurate manner. The real-time status of the machine can be used to give an abnormal alarm or emergency stop to avoid major accidents.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

图1为监控系统的框架图。Figure 1 is a frame diagram of the monitoring system.

具体实施方式detailed description

正如背景技术部分所述,传统技术中对于曳引机的监测通常是对其速度、加速度、温度等参数进行实时监控,无法准确得知曳引机运作时的曳引力,难以准确判断电梯故障,而且传统监测数据均通过有线方式传输,布线复杂,成本及故障率高。As mentioned in the background technology section, the monitoring of the traction machine in the traditional technology usually monitors its speed, acceleration, temperature and other parameters in real time, and it is impossible to accurately know the traction force of the traction machine during operation, and it is difficult to accurately judge the elevator failure. Moreover, the traditional monitoring data is transmitted through wires, the wiring is complicated, and the cost and failure rate are high.

本发明针对现有技术中的不足,提供了一种基于无线检测曳引机状态的监测系统,该监测系统可实现对曳引机的运行状态进行实时监控,能够及时准确的判断出曳引机的运作状态,以便及时的发现故障并有效处理,避免发生重大事故。Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a monitoring system based on wireless detection of the state of the traction machine. The monitoring system can realize real-time monitoring of the running state of the traction machine and can timely and accurately judge The operating status of the machine can be detected in time and dealt with effectively to avoid major accidents.

下面将通过具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below through specific embodiments. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

请参见图1,本发明公开了一种基于无线检测曳引机状态的监测系统,该监测系统包括数据采集模块,接收数据采集模块信息并传送至终端服务器的通信模块以及终端服务器构成。Please refer to Fig. 1, the present invention discloses a monitoring system based on wireless detection of traction machine status, the monitoring system includes a data acquisition module, a communication module that receives information from the data acquisition module and transmits it to a terminal server, and a terminal server.

数据采集模块为传感器采集方式,通过传感器技术对曳引机的状态进行实时监测,对于曳引机本身,主要是监测曳引机的轴承是否异常。因此设置轴承检测器,轴承检测器包括设置于曳引机轴承外圈上的以检测曳引机运行时温度的温度传感器及设置于曳引机轴承内圈上的以检测曳引机运行时振动状态的振动传感器。通过温度传感器测量轴承运作时的温升,振动传感器测量轴承运作时的振动频率与振动幅度,通过这两个指标来判断轴承是否出现故障,并实时通过通信模块反馈至终端服务器。The data acquisition module is a sensor acquisition method, which monitors the state of the traction machine in real time through sensor technology. For the traction machine itself, it mainly monitors whether the bearing of the traction machine is abnormal. Therefore, a bearing detector is set up. The bearing detector includes a temperature sensor set on the outer ring of the traction machine bearing to detect the temperature of the traction machine during operation and a temperature sensor set on the inner ring of the traction machine bearing to detect the vibration of the traction machine during operation. status of the vibration sensor. The temperature sensor measures the temperature rise of the bearing during operation, and the vibration sensor measures the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude of the bearing during operation. These two indicators are used to determine whether the bearing is faulty, and the feedback is sent to the terminal server through the communication module in real time.

对于曳引机运作时,主要监测曳引机的曳引力是否异常,主要通过安装于曳引机中轴上的检测曳引机运作时力矩的力矩传感器进行实时监测曳引力,通过判断曳引机运作时的曳引力曲线是否光滑,来判断曳引机是否运行正常。When the traction machine is running, it is mainly to monitor whether the traction force of the traction machine is abnormal. The torque sensor installed on the central shaft of the traction machine to detect the torque of the traction machine during operation is used to monitor the traction force in real time. By judging the Whether the traction force curve is smooth during operation can be used to judge whether the traction machine is running normally.

此外,在实际的使用过程中也可以同时监测曳引机的运行速度、加速度等数据,以便准确的反应曳引机的运行状态。In addition, data such as the running speed and acceleration of the traction machine can also be monitored simultaneously during actual use, so as to accurately reflect the running state of the traction machine.

通信模块包括基于ZigBee网络的短距离无线通信模块与基于4G网络的远距离无线通信模块,短距离无线通信模块包括终端控制板与协调控制板,该终端控制板为一单片机主板,其与数据采集模块电连接,以接收上述传感器反馈的检测信息并及时处理,终端控制板上还设置有一ZigBee模块以发送该信息数据。优选的,该终端控制板将计算机的CPU、RAM、ROM、定时计数器和多种I/O接口集成于一片芯片上,用以接收曳引机上各传感器的信号并实现输出反馈。The communication module includes a short-distance wireless communication module based on ZigBee network and a long-distance wireless communication module based on 4G network. The short-distance wireless communication module includes a terminal control board and a coordination control board. The modules are electrically connected to receive the detection information fed back by the above sensors and process it in time, and a ZigBee module is also arranged on the terminal control board to send the information data. Preferably, the terminal control board integrates the computer's CPU, RAM, ROM, timing counter and various I/O interfaces on one chip to receive signals from various sensors on the traction machine and realize output feedback.

该终端控制板可为电梯控制系统,也可为一独立设置的单片机主板,在安装时,只需在电梯一侧安装该终端控制板,并使其与电梯原有的控制系统采用电连接即可实现通讯及信号传递,这样就不需要对现有的电梯控制器做改动,安装使用简便,且检测精确度高。The terminal control board can be an elevator control system, or an independently set single-chip motherboard. When installing, it is only necessary to install the terminal control board on the side of the elevator and make it electrically connected to the original control system of the elevator. Communication and signal transmission can be realized, so that there is no need to modify the existing elevator controller, the installation is easy to use, and the detection accuracy is high.

协调控制板为一中间协调节点,同样为一常规的单片机主板,协调控制板上设置有至少一个与终端控制板对应的ZigBee模块,以接收终端控制板发送的信息数据。该协调控制板可接收多个电梯的运行信号,并远程反馈至终端服务器。The coordination control board is an intermediate coordination node, which is also a conventional single-chip main board. The coordination control board is provided with at least one ZigBee module corresponding to the terminal control board to receive the information data sent by the terminal control board. The coordination control board can receive the running signals of multiple elevators and feed them back to the terminal server remotely.

长距离无线通信模块包括上述协调控制板与终端服务器,协调控制板除具备接收数据信息的ZigBee模块外,还设置有一GPRS模块,该GPRS模块将数据通过4G网络传送至终端服务器。4G网络作为现在主流的移动通信标准,有着无可比拟的优越性,4G是集3G与WLAN于一体,并能够快速传输数据、高质量、音频、视频和图像等。4G能够以100Mbps以上的速度下载,比目前的家用宽带ADSL(4兆)快25倍,并能够满足几乎所有用户对于无线服务的要求。此外,4G可以在DSL和有线电视调制解调器没有覆盖的地方部署,然后再扩展到整个地区。4G网络比较突出的几个特点是速度快,稳定性好,覆盖区域广。因此,通过4G网络实现信息数据的传输具有及时、准确的优点。The long-distance wireless communication module includes the above-mentioned coordination control board and terminal server. In addition to the ZigBee module for receiving data information, the coordination control board is also equipped with a GPRS module, which transmits data to the terminal server through the 4G network. As the current mainstream mobile communication standard, 4G network has incomparable advantages. 4G integrates 3G and WLAN, and can quickly transmit data, high quality, audio, video and images. 4G can be downloaded at a speed of more than 100Mbps, which is 25 times faster than the current home broadband ADSL (4M), and can meet the requirements of almost all users for wireless services. In addition, 4G can be deployed where DSL and cable modems do not have coverage, and then spread throughout the region. Several prominent features of the 4G network are fast speed, good stability, and wide coverage area. Therefore, the transmission of information data through the 4G network has the advantages of being timely and accurate.

此外,协调控制板还可通过GPRS模块发送短信息至管理人员的手机终端,以便管理人员及时获知电梯故障信息。In addition, the coordination control board can also send a short message to the mobile phone terminal of the management personnel through the GPRS module, so that the management personnel can know the elevator failure information in time.

终端服务器包括一存储器,存储器将接收到的数据与处理后的数据进行存储备用。且存储器内还存储有一正常运行时的力矩曲线模型、正常温度范围、振动频率以及振动幅值等,以便与传感器的检测数据进行比对。终端服务器系统主要是进行数据的分析和存储,通过判断温度传感器和振动传感器的数据来判断曳引机的轴承是否出现异常,通过对力矩传感器的数据进行分析,来判断曳引机运作时是否出现异常状况。服务器同时会将接收到的数据及处理后的数据进行存储,方便日后工作人员进行分析使用。The terminal server includes a memory, and the memory stores the received data and the processed data for backup. And the memory also stores a torque curve model during normal operation, normal temperature range, vibration frequency and vibration amplitude, etc., so as to compare with the detection data of the sensor. The terminal server system is mainly for data analysis and storage. By judging the data of the temperature sensor and the vibration sensor, it can be judged whether the bearing of the traction machine is abnormal. abnormal condition. At the same time, the server will store the received data and the processed data, which is convenient for the staff to analyze and use in the future.

本发明的工作原理如下:The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

具体使用时,将温度传感器置于曳引机轴承外圈处,用于检测曳引机运作时的温升;将振动传感器置于曳引机的轴承内圈处,用于检测曳引机运作时的振动状态;将力矩传感器安装于曳引机的中轴上,用于检测曳引机运作时的力矩。In specific use, the temperature sensor is placed at the outer ring of the traction machine bearing to detect the temperature rise of the traction machine during operation; the vibration sensor is placed at the inner ring of the traction machine bearing to detect the operation of the traction machine The state of vibration during operation; the torque sensor is installed on the central shaft of the traction machine to detect the torque of the traction machine during operation.

曳引机运作时,传感器会检测到其实时状态,并将采集的数据通过无线网络传输至终端服务器,终端服务器会对轴承的温升以及振动频率、振动幅度进行分析,判断出该轴承是否运行正常,如果异常,则会进行报警处理,并通知工作人员进行进一步的处理,譬如紧急制停曳引机并对曳引机的轴承进行现场检查或者更换。终端服务器还会对曳引机运作时的力矩曲线进行分析,并和以前曳引机正常运行时的力矩曲线模型进行对比,来判断曳引机运作时是否出现不正常的毛刺,如若出现,则立即进行报警并通知工作人员,严重时紧急制停曳引机,防止造成无法挽回的损失。When the traction machine is running, the sensor will detect its real-time status and transmit the collected data to the terminal server through the wireless network. The terminal server will analyze the temperature rise, vibration frequency and vibration amplitude of the bearing to determine whether the bearing is running If it is normal, if it is abnormal, an alarm will be processed and the staff will be notified for further processing, such as emergency braking of the traction machine and on-site inspection or replacement of the bearings of the traction machine. The terminal server will also analyze the torque curve during the operation of the traction machine, and compare it with the torque curve model of the previous normal operation of the traction machine to determine whether there are abnormal glitches during the operation of the traction machine. If so, then Immediately call the police and notify the staff, and stop the traction machine in serious cases to prevent irreparable losses.

综上,本发明公开了一种基于无线检测曳引机状态的监测系统,该监测系统通过将力矩传感器置于曳引机中轴,用于检测曳引机运行时的曳引力,便于对曳引机的运作状况进行监测,同时采用温度传感器及振动传感器分别对轴承的外圈及内圈进行监测,来判断曳引机自身轴承的状况,实现了对曳引机的运作状态的实时精确监测。To sum up, the present invention discloses a monitoring system based on wireless detection of the state of the traction machine. The monitoring system is used to detect the traction force of the traction machine when the traction machine is running by placing the torque sensor on the central axis of the traction machine, so as to facilitate the monitoring of the traction machine. The operation status of the traction machine is monitored, and the temperature sensor and vibration sensor are used to monitor the outer ring and inner ring of the bearing respectively to judge the condition of the traction machine's own bearing, and realize the real-time and accurate monitoring of the operation status of the traction machine .

本发明使用传感器技术和无线通讯技术进行曳引机运作状态的感知及数据的传输,最后通过终端服务器的数据分析及处理,能够及时准确的判断出曳引机的运作状态,同时可以针对曳引机的实时状态进行异常报警或者紧急制停,避免发生重大事故。The present invention uses sensor technology and wireless communication technology to sense the operation state of the traction machine and transmit data. Finally, through the data analysis and processing of the terminal server, the operation state of the traction machine can be judged in a timely and accurate manner. The real-time status of the machine can be used to give an abnormal alarm or emergency stop to avoid major accidents.

对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

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