技术领域：Technical field:
本发明涉及星地网络融合技术领域，特别涉及一种基于时间抢占预留信道星地网络切换方法。The invention relates to the technical field of satellite-ground network fusion, in particular to a method for switching satellite-ground networks based on time preempting reserved channels.
背景技术：Background technique:
目前在传统移动通信的研究中很少有人考虑到卫星的应用。然而卫星具有覆盖范围广，覆盖波束大，组网灵活，通信不受地理环境限制等优点，可以实现真正意义的全球移动通信，包括在陆地蜂窝网络覆盖不到的边远地区、沙漠、河海、极地、空间中。所以通过卫星通信的支持，可以实现移动通信系统的全球化、综合化和个人化的主要目标，能够向用户提供更大的容量、更大的带宽和更灵的活服务。随着两项技术的发展，为实现真正全球无缝覆盖的移动通信体系，将地面移动通信网络与卫星移动通信网络相互融合，将可能成为未来移动通信系统发展的一个大趋势。At present, few people consider the application of satellites in the research of traditional mobile communication. However, satellites have the advantages of wide coverage, large coverage beams, flexible networking, and communication not limited by geographical environments, etc., and can realize truly global mobile communications, including remote areas, deserts, rivers, seas, Pole, in space. Therefore, with the support of satellite communication, the main goals of globalization, integration and personalization of the mobile communication system can be realized, and users can be provided with larger capacity, larger bandwidth and more flexible services. With the development of the two technologies, in order to realize a mobile communication system with truly global seamless coverage, the integration of the ground mobile communication network and the satellite mobile communication network may become a major trend in the development of mobile communication systems in the future.
目前，虽然针对星地融合网络中星地网络间的切换的策略和算法的研究已经展开了很长时间，但公开的研究成果与文献资源还很少。2006年，美国移动卫星风险公司(MSV，Mobile Satellite Venture)在其公开的一项发明专利中，提出了一种基于地面和空间的切换技术，这种切换方法通过综合判断信号的接受、发射和干扰情况三方面因素来判决终端应该接入卫星网络还是地面网络。当终端处于卫星网络与地面网络共同覆盖的区域时，只有终端同时满足策略所规定的发射功率和干扰阀值条件时，终端才会接入地面网络，否则就接入到卫星网络。尽管目前针对星地网络切换的相关成果很少，但人们对单独的地面网络和卫星网络的切换的研究一直未曾停止，因此，可以根据已有的经典切换方法，再结合星地融合网络的自身特点进行改进，设计出合适的星地网络间的切换方法。At present, although the research on the strategy and algorithm of handover between satellite and ground networks in the satellite-ground fusion network has been carried out for a long time, there are still few public research results and literature resources. In 2006, the US Mobile Satellite Ventures (MSV, Mobile Satellite Venture) proposed a ground- and space-based switching technology in an invention patent disclosed by it. The three factors of the interference situation determine whether the terminal should access the satellite network or the terrestrial network. When the terminal is in the area covered by the satellite network and the ground network, only when the terminal meets the transmit power and interference threshold conditions specified in the strategy, the terminal will connect to the ground network, otherwise it will connect to the satellite network. Although there are very few results related to satellite-ground network handover, people have never stopped research on the handover of separate ground networks and satellite networks. Therefore, based on the existing classic handover methods, combined with the satellite-ground fusion network The characteristics are improved, and a suitable switching method between satellite and ground networks is designed.
星地网络之间切换场景将会有很多：高速移动中的用户，为减少频繁的切换应尽可能地切换到卫星网络；在地面网络覆盖区域的边缘处，用户为保证通信能力也需切换到卫星网络；在应急场合中，地面网络因自然灾害或其它因素而瘫痪时，用户也要切换到卫星网络中去，因此研究卫星移动网络与地面移动网络之间的切换问题，使用户能够快速高效地完成星地网络之间的切换，实现卫星移动网络与地面移动网络之间的无缝融合，是十分必要的。There will be many switching scenarios between satellite and ground networks: users in high-speed movement should switch to satellite networks as much as possible in order to reduce frequent switching; at the edge of the ground network coverage area, users also need to switch to Satellite network; in emergency situations, when the ground network is paralyzed due to natural disasters or other factors, users will also switch to the satellite network. Therefore, the study of switching between satellite mobile networks and ground mobile networks enables users to quickly and efficiently It is very necessary to complete the switching between the satellite-ground network and realize the seamless integration between the satellite mobile network and the terrestrial mobile network.
发明内容：Invention content:
本发明提供一种基于时间抢占预留信道的星地网络切换方法，旨在改善星地网络切换中因信道预留而造成无切换呼叫时预留信道无法使用的资源浪费问题。本发明依据切换用户的预切换时间判断预留信道的使用情况，新呼叫可抢占预留信道来进行通信，提高资源利用率。The invention provides a satellite-to-earth network switching method based on time preemption of reserved channels, aiming at improving the resource waste problem that the reserved channel cannot be used when there is no switching call caused by channel reservation in the satellite-to-ground network switching. The invention judges the usage of the reserved channel according to the pre-switching time of the switching user, and new calls can preempt the reserved channel for communication, thereby improving resource utilization.
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明所采取的技术方案为：In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
一种基于时间抢占预留信道的星地网络切换方法，所述的星地网络包括地面网络和卫星网络，地面网络和卫星网络共用一张核心网，地面网络覆盖的区域称为地面小区，卫星网络覆盖的区域称为卫星小区；其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A satellite-to-ground network switching method based on time preempting reserved channels. The satellite-to-ground network includes a ground network and a satellite network. The ground network and the satellite network share a core network. The area covered by the ground network is called a ground cell. The area covered by the network is called a satellite cell; it is characterized in that it includes the following steps:
(1)来自地面小区的新呼叫到达卫星小区时，卫星小区按照信道预留结合切换排队策略分配信道，如果分配成功，则将新呼叫通过分配的信道接入到卫星小区，新呼叫接入成功，结束本流程；否则跳转到步骤(2)；(1) When a new call from the ground cell arrives at the satellite cell, the satellite cell allocates channels according to the channel reservation combined with switching queuing strategies. If the allocation is successful, the new call is connected to the satellite cell through the allocated channel, and the new call access is successful , end this process; otherwise, jump to step (2);
(2)查看卫星小区中是否有可用的空闲预留信道，如果有，则跳转到步骤(3)，否则此新呼叫被拒绝，结束本流程；(2) check whether there is an available idle reserved channel in the satellite cell, if there is, then jump to step (3), otherwise the new call is rejected, and this process ends;
(3)计算地面小区中最早要切换到卫星小区的用户的预切换时间和卫星小区中最早要切换到地面小区的用户的预切换时间的时间差；(3) calculate the time difference between the pre-switching time of the user who will be switched to the satellite cell the earliest in the ground cell and the pre-switching time of the user who will switch to the ground cell the earliest in the satellite cell;
(4)判断步骤(3)中的时间差是否大于0，如果是，则跳转到步骤(8)，否则，跳转到步骤(5)；(4) judge whether the time difference in step (3) is greater than 0, if yes, then jump to step (8), otherwise, jump to step (5);
(5)统计卫星小区中可用的空闲预留信道数；(5) Count the number of idle reserved channels available in the satellite cell;
(6)计算地面小区中要切换到卫星小区的前n个用户的最大预切换时间和卫星小区中最早要切换到地面小区的用户的预切换时间的时间差；其中n为空闲预留信道数；(6) calculate the time difference of the maximum pre-switching time of the first n users who will switch to the satellite cell in the ground cell and the pre-switching time of the user who will switch to the ground cell the earliest in the satellite cell; Wherein n is the idle reserved channel number;
(7)判断步骤(6)中的时间差是否大于0，如果是，则跳转到步骤(8)，否则，此呼叫被拒绝，结束本流程；(7) judge whether the time difference in step (6) is greater than 0, if yes, then jump to step (8), otherwise, this call is rejected, end this flow process;
(8)将新呼叫通过空闲预留信道接入到卫星小区，新呼叫接入成功。(8) The new call is connected to the satellite cell through the idle reserved channel, and the new call is successfully connected.
其中，步骤(3)具体为：Wherein, step (3) is specifically:
根据用户的位置和速度信息来判断出地面小区要切换到卫星小区的用户的预切换时间和卫星小区要切换到地面小区的用户的预切换时间，分别为T11，T12，T13...T1m和T21，T22，T23...T2m；According to the user's position and speed information, the pre-switching time of the user who wants to switch from the ground cell to the satellite cell and the pre-switching time of the user who wants to switch from the satellite cell to the ground cell are judged, which are T11 , T12 , T13 .. .T1m and T21 , T22 , T23 ... T2m ;
计算地面小区中最早要切换到卫星小区的用户的预切换时间和卫星小区中最早要切换到地面小区的用户的预切换时间的时间差：ΔT＝T1-T2；其中T1＝min{T11，T12，T13...T1m}，T2＝min{T21，T22，T23...T2m}。Calculate the time difference between the pre-handover time of the user who is the first to switch to the satellite cell in the ground cell and the pre-handover time of the user who is the first to switch to the ground cell in the satellite cell: ΔT=T1 -T2 ; where T1 =min{T11 , T12 , T13 ... T1m }, T2 = min{T21 , T22 , T23 ... T2m }.
其中，步骤(6)具体为：Wherein, step (6) is specifically:
地面小区中前n个要切换到卫星小区中的用户时间分别为T′11，T′12，T′13，...T′1n；其中n为空闲预留信道数；The time for the first n users in the ground cell to switch to the satellite cell is T′11 , T′12 , T′13 , ... T′1n ; where n is the number of idle reserved channels;
计算地面小区中要切换到卫星小区的前n个用户的最大预切换时间和卫星小区中最早要切换到地面小区的用户的预切换时间的时间差：ΔT′＝T′1-T2，式中，T′1＝max{T′11，T′12，T′13，...T′1n}，T2＝min{T21，T22，T23...T2m}为卫星小区中最早要切换到地面小区的用户的预切换时间。Calculate the time difference between the maximum pre-switching time of the first n users who want to switch to the satellite cell in the ground cell and the pre-switching time of the earliest user in the satellite cell who wants to switch to the ground cell: ΔT′=T′1 −T2 , where , T′1 = max{T′11 , T′12 , T′13 , ... T′1n }, T2 = min{T21 , T22 , T23 ... T2m } is the satellite cell The pre-handover time of the user who will be handed over to the terrestrial cell earliest.
本发明与背景技术相比具有如下优点：Compared with the background technology, the present invention has the following advantages:
1.本发明是对信道预留结合切换排队策略的改进，信道预留与切换排队两种策略的结合可以更有效地保障切换性能，提高资源利用率。1. The present invention is an improvement to channel reservation combined with handover queuing strategies. The combination of channel reservation and handover queuing strategies can more effectively guarantee handover performance and improve resource utilization.
2.本发明可利用预切换时间来强占空闲的可用预留信道，在不影响上一个小区的用户切换的情况下，新呼叫接入可抢占可用的预留信道来缓解新呼叫阻塞率。2. The present invention can use the pre-switching time to forcibly occupy idle available reserved channels, and without affecting the user switching of the previous cell, new call access can preempt the available reserved channels to alleviate the new call blocking rate.
3.本发明在不影响切换呼叫接入率的情况下，允许新呼叫接入抢占切换预留信道临时使用，避免了因信道预留而造成的资源浪费，提高了系统的整体性能。3. The present invention allows new calls to preempt the handover reserved channel for temporary use without affecting the handover call access rate, avoiding resource waste caused by channel reservation and improving the overall performance of the system.
附图说明：Description of drawings:
图1是本发明的应用场景图。FIG. 1 is a diagram of an application scenario of the present invention.
图2是本发明的信道分配流程图。Fig. 2 is a flow chart of channel allocation in the present invention.
具体实施方式：detailed description:
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下参照图1-图2并举实施例，对发明方案作进一步地详细说明。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will further describe the inventive solution in detail with reference to FIGS. 1-2 and examples.
如图1所示，小区Ⅰ和小区Ⅲ是地面小区，小区Ⅱ是卫星小区，本发明的思想是：假设小区Ⅱ中有新呼叫接入请求，而此时小区Ⅱ中已没有空闲的可用公共信道，只有专供切换使用的预留信道。系统可根据本章的新策略来判决是否可强占预留信道来接纳此新呼叫接入。判决过程如下，图2所示的是本发明的信道分配流程：As shown in Figure 1, cell I and cell III are ground cells, and cell II is a satellite cell. The idea of the present invention is: assuming that there is a new call access request in cell II, and at this moment there is no idle available public service in cell II. Channels, only reserved channels for switching. The system can judge whether it can forcibly occupy the reserved channel to admit the new call according to the new policy in this chapter. The judgment process is as follows, and what Fig. 2 shows is the channel assignment process of the present invention:
(1)来自地面小区的新呼叫到达卫星小区时，卫星小区按照信道预留结合切换排队策略分配信道，如果分配成功，则将新呼叫通过分配的信道接入到卫星小区，新呼叫接入成功，结束本流程；否则跳转到步骤(2)；(1) When a new call from the ground cell arrives at the satellite cell, the satellite cell allocates channels according to the channel reservation combined with switching queuing strategies. If the allocation is successful, the new call is connected to the satellite cell through the allocated channel, and the new call access is successful , end this process; otherwise, jump to step (2);
(2)查看卫星小区中是否有可用的空闲预留信道，如果有，则跳转到步骤(3)，否则此新呼叫被拒绝，结束本流程；(2) check whether there is an available idle reserved channel in the satellite cell, if there is, then jump to step (3), otherwise the new call is rejected, and this process ends;
(3)计算地面小区中最早要切换到卫星小区的用户的预切换时间和卫星小区中最早要切换到地面小区的用户的预切换时间的时间差；(3) calculate the time difference between the pre-switching time of the user who will be switched to the satellite cell the earliest in the ground cell and the pre-switching time of the user who will switch to the ground cell the earliest in the satellite cell;
根据用户的位置和速度信息来判断出地面小区要切换到卫星小区的用户的预切换时间和卫星小区要切换到地面小区的用户的预切换时间，分别为T11，T12，T13...T1m和T21，T22，T23...T2m；According to the user's position and speed information, the pre-switching time of the user who wants to switch from the ground cell to the satellite cell and the pre-switching time of the user who wants to switch from the satellite cell to the ground cell are judged, which are T11 , T12 , T13 .. .T1m and T21 , T22 , T23 ... T2m ;
计算地面小区中最早要切换到卫星小区的用户的预切换时间和卫星小区中最早要切换到地面小区的用户的预切换时间的时间差：ΔT＝T1-T2；其中T1＝min{T11，T12，T13...T1m}，T2＝min{T21，T22，T23...T2m}；Calculate the time difference between the pre-handover time of the user who is the first to switch to the satellite cell in the ground cell and the pre-handover time of the user who is the first to switch to the ground cell in the satellite cell: ΔT=T1 -T2 ; where T1 =min{T11 , T12 , T13 ... T1m }, T2 =min{T21 , T22 , T23 ... T2m };
(4)判断步骤(3)中的时间差ΔT是否大于0，如果是，则跳转到步骤(8)，否则，跳转到步骤(5)；当ΔT＞0时，说明在小区I中有用户切换到小区II中之前，小区II中已有用户切换到小区III中去。所以直接强占小区II中的预留信道分给此新呼叫接入并不影响小区I中用户的切换性能；当ΔT≤0时，说明在小区II中有用户切换到小区III中之前，小区I中已有用户切换到小区II中去。此时不能直接强占小区II中的预留信道，要进一步进行判断。。(4) Whether the time difference ΔT in the judgment step (3) is greater than 0, if yes, then jump to step (8), otherwise, jump to step (5); when ΔT＞0, it means that there is Before the user is handed over to the cell II, the user in the cell II has been handed over to the cell III. Therefore, directly occupying the reserved channel in cell II and assigning it to this new call access does not affect the handover performance of users in cell I; when ΔT≤0, it means that before a user in cell II switches to cell III, cell I A user in cell II has been handed over to cell II. At this time, the reserved channel in cell II cannot be directly occupied, and further judgment is required. .
(5)统计卫星小区中可用的空闲预留信道数；(5) Count the number of idle reserved channels available in the satellite cell;
(6)计算地面小区中要切换到卫星小区的前n个用户的最大预切换时间和卫星小区中最早要切换到地面小区的用户的预切换时间的时间差；其中n为空闲预留信道数；(6) calculate the time difference of the maximum pre-switching time of the first n users who will switch to the satellite cell in the ground cell and the pre-switching time of the user who will switch to the ground cell the earliest in the satellite cell; Wherein n is the idle reserved channel number;
地面小区中前n个要切换到卫星小区中的用户时间分别为T′11，T′12，T′13，...T′1n；其中n为空闲预留信道数；The time for the first n users in the ground cell to switch to the satellite cell is T′11 , T′12 , T′13 , ... T′1n ; where n is the number of idle reserved channels;
计算地面小区中要切换到卫星小区的前n个用户的最大预切换时间和卫星小区中最早要切换到地面小区的用户的预切换时间的时间差：ΔT′＝T′1-T2，式中，T′1＝max{T′11，T′12，T′13，...T′1n}，T2＝min{T21，T22，T23...T2m}为卫星小区中最早要切换到地面小区的用户的预切换时间；Calculate the time difference between the maximum pre-switching time of the first n users who want to switch to the satellite cell in the ground cell and the pre-switching time of the earliest user in the satellite cell who wants to switch to the ground cell: ΔT′=T′1 −T2 , where , T′1 = max{T′11 , T′12 , T′13 , ... T′1n }, T2 = min{T21 , T22 , T23 ... T2m } is the satellite cell The pre-handover time of the user who wants to handover to the terrestrial cell at the earliest;
(7)判断步骤(6)中的时间差是否大于0，如果是，则跳转到步骤(8)，否则，此呼叫被拒绝；(7) judge whether the time difference in step (6) is greater than 0, if yes, then jump to step (8), otherwise, this call is rejected;
(8)将新呼叫通过空闲预留信道接入到卫星小区，新呼叫接入成功。(8) The new call is connected to the satellite cell through the idle reserved channel, and the new call is successfully connected.
本发明工作原理：当一个新呼叫接入到达时，系统首先根据信道预留结合切换排队策略为此呼叫分配信道资源，如若分配成功，则此呼叫接入使用分得的资源开始通信。但是，如果按照信道预留结合切换排队策略未能为此呼叫成功分配信道，则此时需要确认小区内空闲的可用预留信道个数，如果没有可用的预留信道，则此呼叫阻塞，如果仍有空闲的可用预留信道，则根据ΔT的大小来判断此呼叫是否可以抢占预留的切换信道，如果满足强占条件，则为此呼叫分配强占的信道，接入次呼叫；当有切换呼叫接入到达时，系统首先判断目标小区内是否有空闲的可用公共信道，如果有，则为此切换呼叫分配一个可用的公共信道，如果没有，则判断是否有空闲的可用预留信道，如果有，则为此切换呼叫分配一个可用的预留信道，如果没有，则继续判断，是否有被强占的预留信道，如果有，则系统会强行终止强占预留信道时间最长的通信，将其所强占的信道分配给次切换呼叫，如果没有，则此次切换请求将被拒绝。The working principle of the present invention: when a new call arrives, the system first allocates channel resources for this call according to the channel reservation combined with the switching queuing strategy. If the allocation is successful, the call starts using the allocated resources to start communication. However, if the channel is not successfully allocated for this call according to the combination of channel reservation and switching queuing strategy, it is necessary to confirm the number of available reserved channels in the cell. If there is no available reserved channel, the call will be blocked. If If there is still an idle available reserved channel, then judge whether the call can preempt the reserved switching channel according to the size of ΔT, if the preemption condition is met, allocate the preempted channel for this call, and access the secondary call; when there is a switching call When the access arrives, the system first judges whether there is an idle common channel available in the target cell, and if so, allocates an available public channel for the handover call; if not, then judges whether there is an idle available reserved channel, if yes , then allocate an available reserved channel for this handover call, if not, continue to judge whether there is a reserved channel that has been occupied, if so, the system will forcibly terminate the communication that has occupied the reserved channel for the longest time, and send it to The seized channel is assigned to the secondary switching call, if not, the switching request will be rejected.
强占策略利用预切换时间来强占空闲的可用预留信道，在不影响上一个小区的用户切换的情况下，来缓解新呼叫阻塞率。但是由于本小区中强占预留信道的用户在切换到下一个小区时，与本小区中已有的用户并无差别，所以会同时去竞争相同信道资源，所以会引起本小区的切换性能下降，但影响非常小，在可接受范围内。在强占策略执行后，虽然判断出强占预留信道的呼叫不会影响上一个小区的切换用户，但是无论是新呼叫接入还是切换呼叫接入都是随机的，就有能出现在本小区用户切换到下一个小区之前，上一个小区就有用户切换到本小区，这时就需要强行终止强占预留信道的用户的通信。因为这个通信资源本身就是强占得来的，但这是概率事件，从总体来看本策略仍然改善了系统的新呼叫性能和资源利用率。The pre-handover strategy uses the pre-handover time to occupy the idle available reserved channel, and alleviate the new call blocking rate without affecting the user handover of the previous cell. However, since the users who forcibly occupy the reserved channel in this cell are no different from the existing users in this cell when they switch to the next cell, they will compete for the same channel resources at the same time, which will cause the handover performance of this cell to decline. But the impact is very small and within the acceptable range. After the preemption strategy is implemented, although it is judged that the call occupying the reserved channel will not affect the handover user in the previous cell, whether it is a new call access or a handover call access is random, there may be users in this cell Before switching to the next cell, some users in the previous cell switch to the current cell. At this time, it is necessary to forcibly terminate the communication of the user who forcibly occupies the reserved channel. Because the communication resource itself is acquired by force, but this is a probabilistic event, overall, this strategy still improves the new call performance and resource utilization of the system.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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