技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种大容量恒张力送经系统及其布纱方法，属于织物领域。The invention relates to a large-capacity constant-tension warp let-off system and a yarn laying method thereof, belonging to the field of fabrics.
背景技术Background technique
三维织物结构是在2D织物结构基础上发展起来的，三维机织工艺是最先研制多层纤维厚重织物的工艺，可制备板块状预成型体。然而现有的三维机织工艺存在无法连续送经、纱线与纱线之间的纠缠磨损、经纱排列层次清晰度差等问题，且随着三维机织预成型体的发展，对其低成本、快速成型和连续制造技术的要求日趋迫切，原有的三维机织经纱定长的制备方法已不能满足该领域的需求。因此，需要开发一种三维机织物大容量恒张力送经系统及其布纱方法来适应机织预成型体的市场需求。The three-dimensional fabric structure is developed on the basis of the 2D fabric structure. The three-dimensional weaving process is the first to develop a multi-layer fiber heavy fabric, which can prepare a plate-shaped preform. However, the existing three-dimensional weaving process has problems such as continuous warp let-off, entanglement and wear between yarns, and poor clarity of warp yarn arrangement levels. , rapid prototyping and continuous manufacturing technology are becoming more and more urgent, and the original three-dimensional woven warp yarn fixed-length preparation method can no longer meet the needs of this field. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a three-dimensional woven fabric large-capacity constant tension warp let-off system and its yarn distributing method to meet the market demand for woven preforms.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种大容量恒张力送经系统及其布纱方法，实现了连续送经，减少了纱线之间的磨损、经纱排列层次清晰，可通过观察纱层整齐状态或红外线检测等手段实现断纱位置快速寻找与恢复，且经纱单纱张力控制均匀。The invention provides a large-capacity constant tension warp let-off system and its yarn laying method, which realizes continuous warp let-off, reduces wear between yarns, and has clear layers of warp yarns, which can be observed by observing the neat state of yarn layers or infrared detection. Realize quick search and recovery of the broken yarn position, and control the warp single yarn tension evenly.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案如下：In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:
一种大容量恒张力送经系统，其特征在于：包括一片以上的纱架，每片纱架均包括n层m列储纱单元；A large-capacity constant tension warp let-off system is characterized in that it includes more than one creel, and each creel includes n layers of m rows of yarn storage units;
每个储纱单元包括一个框架支架、一个锭子安装杆件、a个小型化储纱锭子和a个张力器。小型化储纱锭子绕满纱直径为60mm，长度40mm，整体占用空间较小，现有的储纱锭子绕满纱直径为110mm，长度300mm，整体占用空间较大。锭子安装杆件安装在框架支架底部，a个小型化储纱锭子安装在锭子安装杆件上、并在同一个水平高度上呈阶梯状分布，每个小型化储纱锭子均配有一个张力器，所有的张力器均安装在框架支架上；Each yarn storage unit includes a frame support, a spindle installation rod, a miniaturized yarn storage spindle and a tensioner. The miniaturized yarn storage spindle has a full yarn diameter of 60mm and a length of 40mm, and occupies less space overall. The existing yarn storage spindle has a full yarn diameter of 110mm and a length of 300mm, and occupies a larger space overall. The spindle installation rod is installed at the bottom of the frame support. A miniaturized yarn storage spindle is installed on the spindle installation rod and distributed in steps at the same level. Each miniaturized yarn storage spindle is equipped with a tensioner , all tensioners are installed on the frame bracket;
每列每层储纱单元的起始端均设有梳齿状的分纱格栅，其中第一列的分纱格栅为m层分纱格栅，第二列的分纱格栅为m-1层分纱格栅，第三列的分纱格栅为m-2层分纱格栅，依次类推，第m列的分纱格栅为1层分纱格栅，同一层储纱单元的所有分纱格栅的底部在同一个水平高度上，前述m层分纱格栅指分纱格栅在高度方向上有m层凹槽，m-1层分纱格栅指分纱格栅在高度方向上有m-1层凹槽，依次类推，1层分纱格栅指分纱格栅在高度方向上有1层凹槽；The starting end of each row and each layer of yarn storage unit is equipped with comb-shaped yarn-splitting grids, wherein the yarn-splitting grids of the first row are m-layer yarn-splitting grids, and the yarn-splitting grids of the second row are m- 1 layer of yarn dividing grid, the yarn dividing grid of the third column is m-2 layer of yarn dividing grid, and so on, the yarn dividing grid of m column is 1 layer of yarn dividing grid, the The bottoms of all the yarn-splitting grids are at the same level, the aforementioned m-layer yarn-splitting grids mean that the yarn-splitting grids have m layers of grooves in the height direction, and the m-1 layer of yarn-splitting grids means that the yarn-splitting grids are at There are m-1 layers of grooves in the height direction, and so on, 1 layer of yarn dividing grid means that the yarn dividing grid has 1 layer of grooves in the height direction;
第一列分纱格栅的起始端还设有n个导纱瓷眼，n个导纱瓷眼与n层储纱单元一一对应，每个导纱瓷眼上有m行瓷眼，每行有a个瓷眼；上述n、m和a均为不小于1的整数。The starting end of the first row of yarn-splitting grids is also provided with n yarn-guiding porcelain eyelets, which correspond to n layers of yarn storage units one by one. There are m rows of porcelain eyelets on each yarn-guiding porcelain eyelet. A row has a porcelain eye; the above n, m and a are all integers not less than 1.
上述每个储纱单元的所有小型化储纱锭子均在同一高度上，并呈阶梯状分布，这样可使经纱排列层次清晰、避免纱线之间的纠缠磨损；分纱格栅为梳齿状，几层分纱格栅就指分纱格栅在高度方向上有几层凹槽，凹槽也即相邻两梳齿所形成的凹槽；本申请将纱架宽度方向上的一端定义为起始端、另一端为终止端，储纱单元和纱架上从起始端到终止端的方向是一致的；n个导纱瓷眼与n层储纱单元一一对应，也即一层储纱单元对应一个导纱瓷眼。All the miniaturized yarn storage spindles of each yarn storage unit mentioned above are at the same height and distributed in steps, which can make the arrangement of warp yarns clear and avoid entanglement and wear between yarns; the yarn dividing grid is comb-shaped , the number of layers of yarn-splitting grids means that there are several layers of grooves on the yarn-separation grid in the height direction, and the grooves are the grooves formed by two adjacent comb teeth; this application defines one end in the width direction of the creel as The starting end and the other end are the ending ends, and the direction from the starting end to the ending end on the yarn storage unit and the creel is consistent; n yarn guide porcelain eyes correspond to n layers of yarn storage units one by one, that is, one layer of yarn storage unit Corresponding to a guide porcelain eye.
本申请的范围词均质系统正常使用状态的相对位置。The scope of this application refers to the relative position of the term homogeneous system in normal use.
上述大容量恒张力送经系统解决了经纱连续送经，单纱张力均匀控制的难题，且纱架容量大，经纱排列层次清晰、避免纱线之间的纠缠磨损；可将储纱锭子小型化，储纱锭子空间尺寸较小，具有较大储纱容量，常规高性能纤维储纱长度≥300m，因此，实现了纱架的大容量经纱储备；另一方面解决了张力器的稳定控制张力的问题，设计专用张力器解决并实现被动式送经纱，主动式经纱回收功能，满足纱线张力的恒定，张力大小60±10g，经纱最大回收长度为800mm，张力器除本申请特别介绍外，其他参见中国专利《可补偿机械式纱线张力控制装置》(ZL201010544101.7)。The above-mentioned large-capacity constant tension warp let-off system solves the problem of continuous warp let-off and uniform tension control of single yarn, and has a large creel capacity, clear warp yarn arrangement levels, and avoids entanglement and wear between yarns; it can miniaturize the yarn storage spindle , the space size of the yarn storage spindle is small, and it has a large yarn storage capacity. The length of the conventional high-performance fiber storage yarn is ≥300m. Therefore, the large-capacity warp yarn storage of the creel is realized; on the other hand, the stable control of the tension of the tensioner is solved. To solve the problem, design a special tensioner to solve and realize the function of passive warp feeding and active warp recovery to meet the constant tension of the yarn. Chinese patent "Compensated Mechanical Yarn Tension Control Device" (ZL201010544101.7).
本申请以分片式纱架为基础单元，可以根据实际需要进行多片组合，实现了整体容量大；单纱张力控制均匀，纱线排布层列清晰，减少纱线磨损。This application uses the pieced creel as the basic unit, which can be combined according to actual needs to achieve a large overall capacity; the single yarn tension is evenly controlled, the yarn arrangement is clear, and the yarn wear is reduced.
上述大容量恒张力送经系统可以实现三维机织物的高厚度、大尺寸和连续织造，可实现可实现对每根纱线张力的控制。The above-mentioned large-capacity constant tension warp let-off system can realize high thickness, large size and continuous weaving of three-dimensional woven fabrics, and can realize the control of the tension of each yarn.
本申请三维机织物可采用不同形式的纤维层连结构，通过机织成型，获取均质性能的板块形状预成型体，适用于各种精度控制要求高的三维机织物制备要求。The three-dimensional woven fabric of the present application can adopt different forms of fiber layered structures, and form a plate-shaped preform with homogeneous performance through weaving and forming, which is suitable for the preparation requirements of various three-dimensional woven fabrics with high precision control requirements.
对于织物厚度≤80mm的板块状预成型体，由于尺寸和形状基本保持不变，所以在原材料和织造工艺参数确定的前提下，根据目标产品的经纱层数与列数的要求，在大容量恒张力送经系统选取相应的层数与列数排列，满足产品机织成型制备的需要。For plate-shaped preforms with a fabric thickness of ≤80mm, since the size and shape remain basically unchanged, on the premise of determining the raw material and weaving process parameters, according to the requirements of the number of warp layers and rows of the target product, the large-capacity constant The tension warp let-off system selects the corresponding number of layers and columns to meet the needs of product weaving and molding preparation.
为了方便操作，每片纱架起始列的底部通过固定架固定在地面上，每片纱架终端列的底部设有移动轮。For the convenience of operation, the bottom of each creel starting row is fixed on the ground by a fixed frame, and the bottom of each creel terminal row is provided with moving wheels.
上述纱架通过移动轮可以灵活左右摆动，方便人工上纱操作。The above-mentioned creel can flexibly swing left and right through the moving wheel, which is convenient for manual yarn loading operation.
终端列也指最后一列，起始列到终端列的方向与储纱单元上起始端到终止端的方向也是一致的。The terminal row also refers to the last row, and the direction from the starting row to the terminal row is also consistent with the direction from the starting end to the ending end on the yarn storage unit.
为了方便操作，同时满足日常所需，10≤n≤15，5≤m≤10，5≤a≤10。In order to facilitate operation and meet daily needs, 10≤n≤15, 5≤m≤10, 5≤a≤10.
为了简化结构，同时实现纱线的主动收回，张力器包括缠绕盘和用来支撑缠绕盘的缠绕盘支架，缠绕盘由弹簧片卷绕制成，缠绕盘的中心位置设有一中心孔，缠绕盘偏离中心位置地方设有一测孔，缠绕盘支架通过螺栓安装在框架支架上。In order to simplify the structure and realize the active retraction of the yarn at the same time, the tensioner includes a winding disk and a winding disk bracket used to support the winding disk. The winding disk is made of spring sheets. A measuring hole is arranged at a position deviated from the center, and the winding disk support is installed on the frame support through bolts.
张力器的缠绕盘由弹簧片卷绕制成，实现纱线的收放与张力控制。弹簧片是由钢片制成卷绕在缠绕盘的轴心处，缠绕盘和弹簧片可以同时旋转，其工作原理与测量工具卷尺相似，当缠绕盘上引出的纱线在织物成型区牵引装置牵引力的作用下，纱线张力加大带动缠绕盘旋转，此时，弹簧片工作逆向阻止缠绕盘的旋转,纱线受到的牵引张力大于弹簧片的逆向阻止力，此时纱线实现被动放纱；相反，纱线受到的牵引张力小于弹簧片的逆向阻止力，此时纱线实现主动回收。弹簧片的逆向阻止力与纱线的牵引张力始终保持平衡状态，使纱线处于张紧状态。The winding disk of the tensioner is made of a spring sheet, which realizes the yarn retraction and tension control. The spring sheet is made of steel sheet and wound on the axis of the winding disk. The winding disk and the spring sheet can rotate at the same time. Its working principle is similar to that of a measuring tool tape. When the yarn drawn from the winding disk is drawn by the traction device in the fabric forming area Under the action of the traction force, the yarn tension increases to drive the winding disk to rotate. At this time, the spring sheet works in reverse to prevent the rotation of the winding disk. The traction tension on the yarn is greater than the reverse blocking force of the spring sheet. At this time, the yarn realizes passive yarn release ; On the contrary, the traction tension suffered by the yarn is less than the reverse blocking force of the spring leaf, and the yarn realizes active recovery at this moment. The reverse blocking force of the spring leaf and the pulling tension of the yarn are always in balance, so that the yarn is in tension.
上述张力器可实现经纱恒张力控制，实现被动式送经，主动式回收。The above-mentioned tensioner can realize warp constant tension control, realize passive let-off and active recovery.
为了进一步保证经纱排列层次清晰度，所有分纱格栅的齿间距均相等。这样能进一步保证纱线的错层布置。In order to further ensure the level definition of warp yarn arrangement, the tooth spacing of all yarn dividing grids is equal. This can further ensure the staggered arrangement of the yarns.
利用上述大容量恒张力送经系统布纱的方法为，每个小型化储纱锭子及其对应的张力器实现1根经纱的存储和张力控制，每片纱架实现n×m×a根经纱的存储和张力控制；其中，每层储纱单元由m个储纱单元组成，每个储纱单元有a个小型化储纱锭子，每个储纱单元的a根经纱通过对应的分纱格栅进行有序分隔，每层储纱单元的m×a根经纱集束排列至第一列的起始端、并通过相应的导纱瓷眼，完成布纱。The method of using the above-mentioned large-capacity constant tension let-off system for yarn distribution is that each miniaturized yarn storage spindle and its corresponding tensioner realize the storage and tension control of one warp yarn, and each creel realizes n×m×a warp yarns storage and tension control; wherein, each layer of yarn storage unit is composed of m yarn storage units, each yarn storage unit has a miniaturized yarn storage spindle, and a warp yarn of each yarn storage unit passes through the corresponding yarn dividing grid The grids are separated in an orderly manner, and the m×a warp yarns of each layer of yarn storage unit are clustered and arranged to the starting end of the first row, and pass through the corresponding yarn guide porcelain eyes to complete the yarn distribution.
之后，每根经纱在张力均匀张紧的状态下通过导纱架引入开口系统的提综装置并对应引入相应分布的多眼综丝眼，经纱与多眼综丝的层列排布存在一一对应的关系，本申请布纱之后的操作均参照现有工艺。送经系统根据经纱容量需求可以选择多片纱架进行组合，每片纱架的经纱排列按照上述方法进行排列。After that, each warp thread is introduced into the heald lifting device of the opening system through the yarn guide frame under the state of uniform tension, and correspondingly introduced into the correspondingly distributed multi-eye heddle eyes. Corresponding relationship, the operation after yarn cloth of the present application all refers to existing technology. The let-off system can select multiple creels to combine according to the warp capacity requirements, and the warp arrangement of each creel is arranged according to the above method.
为了进一步防止纱线缠绕，上述方法，包括顺序相接的如下步骤：In order to further prevent yarn entanglement, the above-mentioned method comprises the following steps connected in sequence:
1)纱架有b片，将所有纱架平行排放，所有纱架起始端均位于同一端，所有纱架起始列的底部通过固定架固定在地面上，所有纱架终端列的底部设有移动轮，其中，b≥2；1) There are b pieces of creel. Arrange all the creels in parallel. The starting ends of all creels are located at the same end. Moving wheel, where b≥2;
2)将所有小型化储纱锭子按照需要长度进行绕纱，然后安装在对应的锭子安装杆件上；2) Wind all the miniaturized yarn storage spindles according to the required length, and then install them on the corresponding spindle installation rods;
3)将每个小型化储纱锭子上的纱线从其对应的张力器上引出；3) Draw out the yarn on each miniaturized yarn storage spindle from its corresponding tensioner;
4)首先对第1片纱架进行布纱排列：选取纱架最上层作为第一层经纱进行排纱操作，再选取靠近导纱瓷眼的第一个储纱单元的a个小型化储纱锭子进行布纱，a根经纱按照顺序依次穿过同层的m层分纱格栅上方的第一层凹槽、并在第一层凹槽内由内向外依次排列；a根经纱穿过m层格栅后，再由内向外按照顺序分别穿过同层的导纱瓷眼的第一行瓷眼，这样就完成了第一层第一个单元a个锭子的布纱；4) First arrange the yarn arrangement on the first creel: select the uppermost layer of the creel as the first layer of warp yarn for yarn arranging operation, and then select a miniaturized yarn storage spindle of the first yarn storage unit close to the yarn guide porcelain eye Yarn cloth is carried out by the child, and a warp yarn passes through the first layer of grooves above the m layer of the same layer of yarn dividing grids in sequence, and is arranged sequentially from inside to outside in the first layer of grooves; a warp yarn passes through m After layering the grid, pass through the first row of porcelain eyelets of the same layer of yarn guide eyelets in sequence from the inside to the outside, thus completing the yarn cloth of the first unit a spindles of the first layer;
5)然后进行第一层第二个储纱单元a个小型化储纱锭子的布纱：a根经纱按照顺序依次穿过同层的m-1层分纱格栅上方的第一层凹槽、并在第一层凹槽内由内向外依次排列；a根经纱穿过同层的m-1层分纱格栅后，再穿过同层的m层分纱格栅上方第二层凹槽、并在第二层凹槽由内向外依次排列；a根经纱穿过同层的m层分纱格栅后，再由内向外按照顺序分别穿过同层的导纱瓷眼的第二行瓷眼；5) Then carry out the yarn laying of the second yarn storage unit a miniaturized yarn storage spindles of the first layer: a warp yarns pass through the first layer of grooves above the m-1 layer of the same layer of yarn dividing grids in order , and are arranged sequentially from inside to outside in the first layer of grooves; a warp thread passes through the same layer of m-1 layer of yarn-splitting grids, and then passes through the second layer of grooves above the same layer of m-layer yarn-separating grids grooves, and the grooves on the second layer are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside; a warp yarn passes through the m layer of the same layer of yarn dividing grids, and then passes through the second layer of the same layer of yarn guide porcelain eyes in order from the inside to the outside. Porcelain eye;
6)然后进行第一层第三个储纱单元a个小型化储纱锭子的布纱：a根经纱按照顺序依次通过同层的m-2层分纱格栅上方的第一层凹槽、并在第一层凹槽由内向外依次排列；a根经纱穿过同层的m-2层分纱格栅后，再穿过同层的m-1层分纱格栅上方的第二层凹槽、并在第二层凹槽内由内向外依次排列；a根经纱穿过同层的m-1层分纱格栅后，再穿过同层的m层分纱格栅上方的第三层凹槽、并在第三层凹槽由内向外依次排列；a根经纱穿过同层的m层分纱格栅后，再由内向外按照顺序分别穿过同层的导纱瓷眼的第三行瓷眼；6) Then carry out the cloth yarn of a miniaturized yarn storage spindle in the third yarn storage unit of the first layer: a warp yarn passes through the first layer of grooves above the m-2 layer of the same layer of yarn splitting grids in sequence, And the grooves on the first layer are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside; a warp yarn passes through the m-2 layer of the same layer of the yarn-splitting grid, and then passes through the second layer above the same layer of the m-1 layer of the yarn-separating grid Grooves, and are arranged sequentially from inside to outside in the second layer of grooves; a warp thread passes through the same layer of m-1 layer of yarn-splitting grids, and then passes through the same layer of m-layer yarn-splitting grids above the first Three layers of grooves, and the grooves on the third layer are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside; a warp yarn passes through the m layer of the same layer of yarn dividing grids, and then passes through the yarn guide porcelain eyes of the same layer in sequence from the inside to the outside the third row of porcelain eyes;
7)按照步骤4)、5)、6)的操作方法依次类推，依次完成第1片纱架第一层经纱其余储纱单元的经纱排布，直至第1片纱架第一层m个储纱单元的布纱完成；7) Follow steps 4), 5), and 6) and so on, and complete the warp arrangement of the remaining yarn storage units in the first layer of the first creel until the m storage units on the first layer of the first creel The yarn cloth of the yarn unit is completed;
8)按照步骤4)、5)、6)、7)的操作方法依次类推，依次完成第一片纱架第二层、第三层、直至第n层经纱的布纱完成；8) According to the operation methods of steps 4), 5), 6), and 7) and so on, the second and third layers of the first creel are completed successively until the cloth yarn of the nth layer of warp yarn is completed;
9)按照步骤4)、5)、6)、7)、8)的操作方法依次类推，依次完成第二片纱架、第三片纱架、直至最后一片纱架的布纱完成；9) According to the operation methods of steps 4), 5), 6), 7), and 8) and so on, the second creel, the third creel, and the yarn cloth of the last creel are completed in sequence;
10)完成所有的经纱布纱，并穿过导纱瓷眼后，通过导纱架引入开口系统的提综装置并对应引入相应分布的多眼综丝眼，经纱与多眼综丝的层列排布存在一一对应的关系；10) After completing all the warp yarns and passing through the yarn guide porcelain eyes, introduce the heald lifting device of the opening system through the yarn guide frame and correspondingly introduce the correspondingly distributed multi-eye heald eyes, and the layers of warp yarns and multi-eye healds There is a one-to-one correspondence in the arrangement;
上述步骤1)中，根据经纱数量来决定纱架的数量，经纱数量与纱架上所有小型化储纱锭子的数量和相等，中间1片对应开口系统的中心位置，即织物幅宽的中间位置；所有纱架起始端均位于同一端，也即所有纱架从起始端到终止端的方向是一致的，起始端位于同一端，终止端位于同一端。步骤2)中，现有的储纱锭子上只能绕固定长度的纱线，否则会存在纱线缠绕等问题，而本申请则可按照需要长度进行绕纱，经纱排列层次清晰，无缠绕等问题。In the above step 1), the number of yarn creels is determined according to the number of warp yarns. The number of warp yarns is equal to the sum of the number of all miniaturized yarn storage spindles on the creel. The middle one corresponds to the center position of the opening system, that is, the middle position of the fabric width ;The start ends of all creels are located at the same end, that is, the direction of all creels from the start end to the end end is the same, the start end is at the same end, and the end end is at the same end. In step 2), the existing yarn storage spindle can only wind a fixed length of yarn, otherwise there will be problems such as yarn entanglement, but in this application, the yarn can be wound according to the required length, and the warp yarns are arranged in clear layers without entanglement, etc. question.
各步骤中每层第一个储纱单元到第m各储纱单元的方向与纱架上从起始端到终止端的方向是一致的In each step, the direction from the first yarn storage unit to the mth yarn storage unit in each layer is consistent with the direction from the start end to the end end on the creel
步骤9)完成布纱后，对每根经纱的状态进行检查，检查张力器控制的经纱张力是否一致，经纱的层数、列数分布排列是否层次清晰，整体分布是否满足工艺要求，检查完成后，方可进行目标产品的机织成型制备。Step 9) After the yarn cloth is finished, check the state of each warp yarn, check whether the tension of the warp yarns controlled by the tensioner is consistent, whether the layers and columns of the warp yarns are arranged clearly, and whether the overall distribution meets the process requirements. After the inspection is completed , before the woven molding preparation of the target product can be carried out.
上述方法通过排列大容量恒张力送经系统储纱锭子的层数、列数、方向和位置，获取整齐有序的经纱送经系统，便于经纱张力的单根控制与张力调节、断纱的快速寻找与恢复。它是在2D机织设备织造产品的工艺基础上发展起来的新的制备方法，能实现三维超厚机织预成型体的连续织造成型。The above method obtains a neat and orderly warp yarn let-off system by arranging the layers, rows, directions and positions of the storage spindles of the large-capacity constant tension warp let-off system, which is convenient for single warp yarn tension control and tension adjustment, and rapid yarn breakage. Find and recover. It is a new preparation method developed on the basis of the technology of weaving products with 2D weaving equipment, which can realize the continuous weaving of three-dimensional ultra-thick woven preforms.
为了方便操作，上述步骤1)中相邻两片纱架之间的间距为250-350mm。For the convenience of operation, the distance between two adjacent creels in the above step 1) is 250-350mm.
上述步骤3)每个小型化储纱锭子上的纱线从其对应的张力器上引出的方法为：将纱线引入张力器中心孔，然后引入侧孔，最后在缠绕盘上顺时针缠绕3圈，从张力器引出。The above step 3) The yarn on each miniaturized yarn storage spindle is led out from its corresponding tensioner: the yarn is introduced into the central hole of the tensioner, then introduced into the side hole, and finally wound clockwise on the winding disc for 3 Circle, leading from the tensioner.
本发明未提及的技术均参照现有技术。The technologies not mentioned in the present invention refer to the prior art.
本发明大容量恒张力送经系统，结构简单、使用方便；布纱方法灵活，可根据需要进行组合，适应性强；节省空间，经纱排列层次清晰；减少高性能纤维的磨损损伤；出现断纱可通过观察或红外检测等实现快速寻找与恢复；通过观察出现张力松紧不一致，可快速查寻与纠正；操作快捷方便，效率高。The large-capacity constant tension warp let-off system of the present invention has simple structure and is convenient to use; the method of yarn laying is flexible and can be combined according to needs, and has strong adaptability; space is saved, and warp yarns are arranged in a clear layer; wear and damage of high-performance fibers can be reduced; yarn breakage occurs Quick search and recovery can be realized through observation or infrared detection; the tension can be found and corrected quickly through observation; the operation is fast and convenient, and the efficiency is high.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明单片纱架结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single creel of the present invention.
图2为单层储纱单元中小型化储纱锭子排列俯视图。Fig. 2 is a top view of the arrangement of miniaturized yarn storage spindles in the single-layer yarn storage unit.
图3为每个储纱单元小型化储纱锭子的空间排列示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the spatial arrangement of the miniaturized yarn storage spindles of each yarn storage unit.
图4为单层储纱单元中张力器和经纱排列示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the tensioner and warp yarns in the single-layer yarn storage unit.
图5为图1的左视图。Fig. 5 is a left side view of Fig. 1 .
图6为图1的右视图。Fig. 6 is a right side view of Fig. 1 .
图7单元集束导纱瓷眼示意图。Fig. 7 Schematic diagram of the porcelain eye for clustering and guiding yarns of the unit.
图8分纱格栅示意图。Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the yarn dividing grid.
图9张力器结构示意图。Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the tensioner.
图中，1分纱格栅，2集束纱线，3导纱瓷眼，4纱架，5张力器，6固定架，7移动轮，8小型化储纱锭子，9纱线引入，10纱线引出，11中心孔，12侧孔，13缠绕盘，14缠绕盘支架，15螺栓。In the figure, 1 yarn dividing grid, 2 bundled yarns, 3 yarn guiding ceramic eyes, 4 yarn racks, 5 tensioners, 6 fixed frames, 7 moving wheels, 8 miniaturized yarn storage spindles, 9 yarn introduction, 10 yarns Line lead-out, 11 central holes, 12 side holes, 13 winding disks, 14 winding disk brackets, 15 bolts.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了更好地理解本发明，下面结合实施例进一步阐明本发明的内容，但本发明的内容不仅仅局限于下面的实施例。In order to better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the examples, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
实施例1：以玻璃纤维板块织物为例：预成型体经纱层数12层，织物幅宽300mm，织物经纱密度5根/cm，经纱规格为480Tex×1股，织物结构三维机织浅交弯连纤维层连结构。根据板块织物的工艺参数要求，织物幅宽300mm和织物经纱密度5根/cm，可以计算出需要经纱列数为300×0.5＝150列，经纱层数工艺设计为12层，板块织物共计需要经纱容量12层×150列＝1800根。Example 1: Taking the glass fiber panel fabric as an example: the number of warp layers of the preform is 12, the fabric width is 300mm, the warp density of the fabric is 5 threads/cm, the warp specification is 480Tex×1 strand, and the fabric structure is three-dimensionally woven with shallow bends Even fiber layered structure. According to the technical parameter requirements of the panel fabric, the fabric width is 300mm and the fabric warp yarn density is 5 threads/cm, it can be calculated that the required number of warp yarn columns is 300×0.5=150 columns, and the number of warp yarn layers is designed to be 12 layers. The panel fabric needs a total of warp yarns Capacity 12 floors × 150 columns = 1800 pieces.
根据工艺参数的设计要求，每个分片式纱架实现N(12层)×M(56)列＝G(672根)经纱的存储和张力控制，根据板块织物最大经纱容量1800根的要求，分片式纱架组成大容量恒张力送经系统(见附图1)需要1800/672≈3片纱架。According to the design requirements of process parameters, each piece creel realizes the storage and tension control of N (12 layers) × M (56) columns = G (672) warp yarns. The large-capacity constant tension warp let-off system composed of pieced creels (see Figure 1) requires 1800/672≈3 creels.
大容量恒张力送经系统，包括3片纱架，每片纱架均包括12层7列储纱单元；Large-capacity constant tension warp let-off system, including 3 creels, each creel includes 12 layers and 7 rows of yarn storage units;
每个储纱单元包括一个框架支架、一个锭子安装杆件、8个小型化储纱锭子和8个张力器，锭子安装杆件安装在框架支架底部，8个小型化储纱锭子安装在锭子安装杆件上、并在同一个水平高度上呈阶梯状分布,同一层储纱单元的小型化储纱锭子的排列相互平行，每个小型化储纱锭子均配有一个张力器，所有的张力器均安装在框架支架上；Each yarn storage unit includes a frame support, a spindle installation rod, 8 miniaturized yarn storage spindles and 8 tensioners, the spindle installation rod is installed at the bottom of the frame support, and 8 miniaturized yarn storage spindles are installed on the spindle installation On the bar and at the same horizontal height, it is distributed in steps. The miniaturized yarn storage spindles of the same layer of yarn storage unit are arranged parallel to each other. Each miniaturized yarn storage spindle is equipped with a tensioner. All the tensioners are installed on the frame bracket;
每列每层储纱单元的起始端均设有梳齿状的分纱格栅，其中第一列的分纱格栅为7层分纱格栅，第二列的分纱格栅为6层分纱格栅，第三列的分纱格栅为5层分纱格栅，依次类推，第7列的分纱格栅为1层分纱格栅，同一层储纱单元的所有分纱格栅的底部在同一个水平高度上，前述7层分纱格栅指分纱格栅在高度方向上有7层凹槽，6层分纱格栅指分纱格栅在高度方向上有6层凹槽，依次类推，1层分纱格栅指分纱格栅在高度方向上有1层凹槽；所有分纱格栅的齿间距均相等，前述几层分纱格栅是由有几个储纱单元的纱线决定的，第一列有7各储纱单元的纱线穿过，因此是7层，依次类推；The starting end of each row and each layer of yarn storage unit is equipped with comb-shaped yarn-splitting grids, of which the first row of yarn-splitting grids is 7-layer yarn-splitting grids, and the second row of yarn-splitting grids is 6-layers Yarn dividing grid, the yarn dividing grid of the third column is 5 layers of yarn dividing grid, and so on, the yarn dividing grid of the 7th column is 1 layer of yarn dividing grid, all the yarn dividing grids of the same layer of yarn storage unit The bottom of the grid is at the same level, the aforementioned 7-layer yarn-separation grid means that the yarn-separation grid has 7 layers of grooves in the height direction, and the 6-layer yarn-separation grid means that the yarn-separation grid has 6 layers in the height direction Grooves, and so on, 1-layer yarn-separation grid means that there is 1 layer of grooves in the height direction of the yarn-separation grid; the tooth spacing of all yarn-separation grids is equal, and the aforementioned layers of yarn-separation grids are composed of several It is determined by the yarn of the yarn storage unit, the first column has 7 yarns of each storage unit passing through, so there are 7 layers, and so on;
第一列分纱格栅的起始端还设有12个导纱瓷眼，12个导纱瓷眼与12层储纱单元一一对应，每个导纱瓷眼上有7行瓷眼，每行有8个瓷眼；每片纱架起始列的底部通过固定架固定在地面上，每片纱架终端列的底部设有移动轮。There are also 12 yarn-guiding porcelain eyes at the starting end of the first row of yarn-splitting grids, which correspond to the 12-layer yarn storage units one by one. There are 7 rows of porcelain eyes on each yarn-guiding porcelain eye, There are 8 porcelain eyelets in the row; the bottom of the starting row of each creel is fixed on the ground through a fixed frame, and the bottom of the terminal row of each creel is provided with moving wheels.
张力器包括缠绕盘和用来支撑缠绕盘的缠绕盘支架，缠绕盘由弹簧片卷绕制成，缠绕盘的中心位置设有一中心孔，缠绕盘偏离中心位置地方设有一侧孔，缠绕盘支架通过螺栓安装在框架支架上。The tensioner includes a winding disk and a winding disk bracket used to support the winding disk. The winding disk is made of spring sheets. Mounted on frame brackets by bolts.
上述每片纱架的1层经纱由56个小型化储纱锭子、56个张力器、56个储纱锭子安装杆件，每层分为7个单元，每个单元有8个小型化锭子，在每个单元的8个储纱小型化锭子上存储所需长度的经纱，每根经纱配有一个张力器，每个储纱锭子的经纱引出后，缠绕通过张力器再通过分纱格栅进行有序分隔，同一层经纱的56根经纱按照规律集束排列(见图4)并通过导纱瓷眼，每根经纱在张力器张力均匀张紧的状态下通过导纱架引入开口系统的提综装置并对应引入相应分布的多眼综丝眼，56个经纱与多眼综丝的层列排布存在一一对应的关系。The above-mentioned 1-layer warp of each creel consists of 56 miniaturized yarn storage spindles, 56 tensioners, and 56 storage spindles. Each layer is divided into 7 units, and each unit has 8 miniaturized spindles. Warp yarns of required length are stored on 8 yarn storage miniaturized spindles in each unit. Each warp yarn is equipped with a tensioner. After the warp yarns of each storage spindle are drawn out, they are wound through the tensioner and then through the yarn dividing grid. Orderly separation, 56 warp yarns of the same layer of warp yarns are bundled and arranged according to the law (see Figure 4) and pass through the yarn guide porcelain eye, and each warp yarn is introduced into the heddle of the opening system through the yarn guide frame under the state of uniform tension of the tensioner. The device also introduces correspondingly distributed multi-eye heald eyes, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between the 56 warp yarns and the multi-eye heddle arrangement.
具体工艺实施步骤说明如下：The specific process implementation steps are described as follows:
1.首先进行3片分散式纱架的组装，3片纱架平行排放，间距为300mm，中间1片对应开口系统的中心位置，即织物幅宽的中间位置，3片纱架均通过固定架固定在地面，移动轮可以灵活左右摆动，方便人工上纱操作；1. First assemble the 3 pieces of dispersed creels, the 3 creels are arranged in parallel with a distance of 300mm, the middle one corresponds to the center position of the opening system, that is, the middle position of the fabric width, and the 3 creels pass through the fixing frame Fixed on the ground, the moving wheel can swing left and right flexibly, which is convenient for manual yarn loading operation;
2.1800个储纱锭子按照工艺储纱长度进行绕纱；然后把小型化储纱锭子安装在纱架上的锭子安装杆件上，2个纱架装满12层56列的小型化储纱锭子，剩余数量的小型化储纱锭子装在第三片纱架上；2. 1800 yarn storage spindles are wound according to the yarn storage length of the process; then the miniaturized yarn storage spindles are installed on the spindle installation rods on the creel, and the 2 creels are filled with 12 layers of 56 rows of miniaturized yarn storage spindles. The remaining quantity of miniaturized yarn storage spindles is installed on the third creel;
3.完成所有小型化储纱锭子的安装后，每一根经纱引入相应张力器中心孔，然后引入侧孔，最后在缠绕盘上顺时针缠绕3圈，再从张力器引出；3. After the installation of all the miniaturized yarn storage spindles is completed, each warp yarn is introduced into the center hole of the corresponding tensioner, then into the side hole, and finally wound 3 times clockwise on the winding disc, and then drawn out from the tensioner;
4.完成步骤3后，首先对第1片纱架进行布纱排列，选取纱架最上层作为第一层经纱进行排纱操作，再选取靠近导纱瓷眼的第一个单元8个小型化储纱锭子进行布纱，8根经纱按照前后顺序依次通过同层的7层分纱格栅上方第一层凹槽、且由内向外依次排列，8根经纱穿过7层分纱格栅后，再内向外按照顺序穿过导纱瓷眼(7层8列)第一层的8个瓷眼，这样就完成第一层第一个单元8个小型化储纱锭子的布纱；导纱瓷眼靠近其安装点的为内，远离安装点的为外；4. After completing step 3, first arrange the yarn arrangement on the first creel, select the uppermost layer of the creel as the first layer of warp yarn for yarn arranging operation, and then select the first unit close to the yarn guide porcelain eye 8 miniaturized The yarn storage spindle is used for yarn distribution, and the 8 warp yarns pass through the first layer of grooves above the 7-layer yarn-splitting grid in the same layer in sequence, and are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. After the 8 warp yarns pass through the 7-layer yarn-separating grid , and then pass through the 8 porcelain eyes of the first layer of yarn guide porcelain eyes (7 layers and 8 rows) in order from inside to outside, so as to complete the cloth yarn of 8 miniaturized yarn storage spindles in the first unit of the first layer; The porcelain eye close to its installation point is inside, and the one far away from the installation point is outside;
5.然后进行第一层第二单元8个小型化储纱锭子的布纱，8根经纱按照前后顺序依次通过同层的6层分纱格栅上方的第一层凹槽、并由内向外依次排列，8根经纱穿过同层的6层分纱格栅后，再穿过同层的7层分纱格栅上方第二层凹槽、并由内向外依次排列，最后由内向外按照顺序引入导纱瓷第二层的8个瓷眼；5. Then carry out the yarn laying of 8 miniaturized yarn storage spindles in the second unit of the first layer, and the 8 warp yarns pass through the first layer of grooves above the 6-layer yarn dividing grid in the same layer in sequence, and from the inside to the outside Arranged in sequence, the 8 warp yarns pass through the 6-layer yarn-splitting grid of the same layer, and then pass through the second layer of grooves above the 7-layer yarn-separating grid of the same layer, and are arranged in sequence from inside to outside, and finally from inside to outside according to Sequentially introduce 8 porcelain eyes on the second layer of yarn-guiding porcelain;
6.然后进行第一层第三单元8个小型化储纱锭子的布纱，8根经纱按照前后顺序依次通过同层的5层分纱格栅上方的第一层凹槽、并由内向外依次排列，8根经纱穿过同层的5层分纱格栅后，再穿过同层的6层分纱格栅上方的第二层凹槽、并由内向外依次排列，然后再穿过同层的7层分纱格栅上方的第三层凹槽、并由内向外依次排列，最后再引入穿过内向外按照顺序穿过导纱瓷眼第三层的8个瓷眼；6. Then carry out the yarn laying of 8 miniaturized yarn storage spindles in the third unit of the first layer, and the 8 warp yarns pass through the first layer of grooves above the 5-layer yarn dividing grid in the same layer in sequence, and from the inside to the outside Arranged in sequence, the 8 warp yarns pass through the 5-layer yarn-splitting grid of the same layer, and then pass through the second layer of grooves above the 6-layer yarn-separating grid of the same layer, and are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, and then pass through The third layer of grooves above the 7-layer yarn-splitting grid on the same layer is arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, and finally the 8 porcelain eyes that pass through the third layer of yarn-guiding porcelain eyes in order from the inside to the outside are introduced;
7.按照步骤4、5、6的操作方法依次类推，依次完成第1片纱架第一层经纱其余第四、五、六、七储纱单元的经纱排布，直至第1片纱架第一层7个储纱单元布纱完成；7. Follow steps 4, 5, and 6 and so on, and complete the warp arrangement of the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh yarn storage units in the first layer of the first creel in turn, until the first creel’s first layer Yarn cloth of 7 yarn storage units in one layer is completed;
8.按照步骤4、5、6、7的操作方法，依次完成第一片纱架第二层、第三层的布纱，直至第1片纱架12层经纱的布纱完成；8. According to the operation methods of steps 4, 5, 6, and 7, finish the cloth yarn of the second layer and the third layer of the first creel in sequence until the cloth yarn of the 12 layers of warp yarns of the first creel is completed;
9.按照步骤4、5、6、7、8的操作方法依次完成第二片纱架，第三片纱架的布纱操作；9. Follow the operation methods of steps 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 to complete the yarn cloth operation of the second creel and the third creel in sequence;
10.完成1800根经纱布纱，通过导纱瓷眼(参阅图6)之后，通过导纱架引入开口系统的提综装置并对应引入相应分布的多眼综丝眼，1800根经纱与多眼综丝的层列排布存在一一对应的关系。10. Finish 1800 pieces of warp yarn, after passing through the yarn guide porcelain eyes (see Figure 6), introduce the heald lifting device of the opening system through the yarn guide frame and correspondingly introduce the correspondingly distributed multi-eye heddle eyes, 1800 warp yarns and multi-eye There is a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the heddle layer arrangement.
上述3片分散式纱架组成的大容量恒张力送经系统完成布纱后，对每根经纱的状态进行检查，检查张力器控制的经纱张力是否一致，经纱的层数、列数分布排列是否层次清晰，整体分布是否满足工艺要求，检查完成后，方可进行目标产品的机织成型制备。After the large-capacity constant tension warp let-off system composed of the above three dispersed creels completes the yarn laying, the state of each warp yarn is checked to check whether the tension of the warp yarns controlled by the tensioner is consistent, and whether the number of layers and rows of warp yarns are distributed and arranged. The layers are clear, and whether the overall distribution meets the process requirements. After the inspection is completed, the target product can be woven and formed.
上述布纱方法实现了连续送经，且经纱排列层次清晰、避免了纱线之间的纠缠磨损。The above-mentioned yarn distributing method realizes continuous warp let-off, and the warp yarns are arranged in layers clearly, and entanglement and wear between yarns are avoided.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611140218.2ACN106757703B (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2016-12-12 | A kind of Large Copacity identical tension feeding system of warp and its cloth yarn method |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611140218.2ACN106757703B (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2016-12-12 | A kind of Large Copacity identical tension feeding system of warp and its cloth yarn method |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106757703A CN106757703A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106757703Btrue CN106757703B (en) | 2018-02-27 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611140218.2AActiveCN106757703B (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2016-12-12 | A kind of Large Copacity identical tension feeding system of warp and its cloth yarn method |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN106757703B (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110552104B (en)* | 2018-06-05 | 2020-11-20 | 航宸石家庄新材料科技有限公司 | Constant tension warp yarn active releasing mechanism |
| CN109629049B (en)* | 2018-11-14 | 2021-04-20 | 南京玻璃纤维研究设计院有限公司 | Warp-wise yarn bundle buncher |
| CN109823911B (en)* | 2019-01-28 | 2021-02-02 | 重庆国际复合材料股份有限公司 | Short automatic wire feeding device that cuts |
| CN114606629B (en)* | 2022-01-25 | 2023-05-09 | 武汉纺织大学 | Warp let-off device, weaving system and warp let-off method for variable-width multi-layer fabrics |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB191508547A (en)* | 1915-06-09 | 1916-03-30 | Barber & Colman Ltd | Improvements in and relating to Warping Apparatus. |
| CN203411749U (en)* | 2013-04-26 | 2014-01-29 | 常州市武进五洋纺织机械有限公司 | Warp feeding device for warp knitting machine |
| CN205313782U (en)* | 2016-01-15 | 2016-06-15 | 嘉善善通织造有限公司 | Feed device of loom |
| CN105908314A (en)* | 2016-06-12 | 2016-08-31 | 江阴市四纺机新科技制造有限公司 | Sectional warping machine and yarn storing, yarn feeding and leasing system thereof |
| CN205635955U (en)* | 2016-04-29 | 2016-10-12 | 福建龙峰纺织科技实业有限公司 | Yarn frame of warping machine |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB191508547A (en)* | 1915-06-09 | 1916-03-30 | Barber & Colman Ltd | Improvements in and relating to Warping Apparatus. |
| CN203411749U (en)* | 2013-04-26 | 2014-01-29 | 常州市武进五洋纺织机械有限公司 | Warp feeding device for warp knitting machine |
| CN205313782U (en)* | 2016-01-15 | 2016-06-15 | 嘉善善通织造有限公司 | Feed device of loom |
| CN205635955U (en)* | 2016-04-29 | 2016-10-12 | 福建龙峰纺织科技实业有限公司 | Yarn frame of warping machine |
| CN105908314A (en)* | 2016-06-12 | 2016-08-31 | 江阴市四纺机新科技制造有限公司 | Sectional warping machine and yarn storing, yarn feeding and leasing system thereof |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106757703A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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| CN106757703B (en) | A kind of Large Copacity identical tension feeding system of warp and its cloth yarn method | |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | Effective date of registration:20200212 Address after:210000 No.30, Andri, Yuhua West Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province Patentee after:Nanjing Glass Fibre Research and Design Institute company limited Address before:210012, No. 30, Xi An Road, Yuhua West Road, Jiangsu, Nanjing Patentee before:Sinoma Science & Technology Co.,Ltd. | |
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |