A kind of plasma arc cutting torchTechnical field
The present invention relates to arc cutting torch technical field, more particularly to a kind of plasma arc cutting torch.
Background technology
The existing machine of Chinese market is simple with type plasma arc cutting torch design structure, and production process is poor, along with the countryThere is no the technical college of this respect, lack technological know-how education, though there is manufacturer production, but major part is all the external skill imitatedArt, does not have independent innovational design cutting torch ability, so technology falls behind the epoch always, the cutting torch cutting power made is weak, cutsCut of poor quality, expendable part service life is short, a series of problems, such as use cost is high.On domestic market electric current reach 120A and more thanWhen torch body inside must use the water circulation type of cooling, including developed country of the U.S. cutting torch inside air cooling type of cooling is maximumElectric current also only reaches 125A.
As shown in figure 1, defect of the plasma arc cutting torch of the prior art due to structure, it sometimes appear that a kind of destruction electricityThe phenomenon of arc stabilization burning, at this moment in addition to already present plasma arc minor arc 05, between electrode 01- nozzle 02- workpiece 03Another side-arcing 04 (or being secondary arc), i.e. minor arc 05 and side-arcing 04 can be produced to exist simultaneously, formed double arcs and showedAs.
The harm that double arcing is brought is mainly manifested in following several aspects：
1) stability of plasma arc is destroyed, makes cutting process unstable and cutting can be deteriorated to be seamed into type；
2) double arcs exist simultaneously, and two conductive paths of parallel connection are formd between electrode and cutting member, reduce minor arcElectric current, reduces the power of minor arc, makes the penetration reduced capability to cutting member；
3) once occurring, nozzle just turns into the electrode of arc in parallel and by arc current in parallel, and minor arc and spray to double arcingCold air film potential barrier between nozzle aperture inwall wrecks, and nozzle is subject to heat intensive, easily burns out nozzle.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：In order to overcome deficiency of the prior art, the present invention to provide one kind etc.Ion arc cutting torch.
The present invention solves its technical problem technical scheme to be taken：A kind of plasma arc cutting torch, including cutting torch sheetBody, the rear portion in the torch body is provided with interior insulation body, and tracheae and striking line are provided with the upper interior insulation body, described to cutThe front portion of torch body is provided with spout, and the spout is connected by spout base with the outer rim of the upper interior insulation body, and the sprayMouth base rear portion is connected with the striking line, and the endoporus of the spout includes the spherical portion and tapered portion that are sequentially connected from top to bottomRound speaker shape is integrally formed, the center of the spherical portion is provided with centre bore, on the upper interior insulation body of the spout chassis interiorElectrodes base is connected with, electrodes base front portion connection electrode, the electrode is extended forwardly into the spherical portion of inner bore of nozzle,The electrode outer wall middle part is inwardly recessed and gourd shape is integrally formed, formed between the electrode outer wall and the inner bore of nozzle etc.Ionized gas passage, is provided with center tracheae in the electrodes base, the center tracheae connects the tracheae and the electrodeEndoporus, is additionally provided with lower interior insulation body between the electrodes base and spout base, the lower interior insulation body be used to distributing air-flow withAnd realize being insulated between spout and electrode, the spout outside is covered with protective cover, the anterior spout base of the torch bodyOutside is provided with copper overcoat, and the protective cover rear portion is fixedly connected with the copper overcoat, and the copper overcoat and protective cover inwall withCooled gas path is formed between the spout outer wall, on the center tracheae, electrodes base, lower interior insulation body and spout baseDistribution of air flow structure is additionally provided with, the plasma gas passage and cooled gas path pass through distribution of air flow structure and the centerTracheae is connected.
Due to the adsorption effect of electron ion, so electron ion is integrated in the surface area motion of conductor, easily produce electrode andPositive negative ion between spout produces combination, forms electric arc, and produces double arc effects.Along with internal strong pressure gas fluidityCause interior pressure seriously to weaken, chance is created to electron ion mobility.Therefore, inner bore of nozzle is designed as round speaker shape,There is a centre bore at center, and profile is segmented horn mouth, and main material matter is processed using red copper.Spout the inside is electrode, electrode peaceOn electrodes base, profile middle-end is inwardly recessed, and global design expands the space between spout and electrode into Pear-Shaped, fromAnd increasing the cold air film potential barrier between arc column and nozzle hole wall, it is to avoid the carbonium on electrode is transmitted at decentralised holeAbove spout, so as to avoid double arc effects, it is ensured that the stability of plasma.Lower end plane center is inlaid with a hafniumSilk, main material is processed using red copper.
In addition, the circular indent energy directing gas flow of electrode outer wall is more in electrode surface walking, make at electrode lower endSpout carbonium is easier to be transmitted to the electrode with negative pole, so the successful of enhancing igniting.
Preferably, the recessed part of the electrode outer wall is relative with the tapered portion of the spout.Make the cone of the end of spoutShape portion and the recessed aligned in position of electrode outer wall, increase distance between the two, are conducive to increasing the thickness of cold air film potential barrier.
Further, a hafnium filament is inlayed in the electrode front plan center, and the electrode endoporus is blind hole, described blindThe bottom in hole is provided with taper salient point, and the center tracheal strips are extend at the top of the taper salient point, and the blind hole inwall is platformRank hole, and internal diameter near blind via bottom is less than openend internal diameter, endoporus of the center tracheae near one end of taper salient pointSide wall is provided with boss, the aperture of the aperture less than center tracheae rear end of the boss, in the central gas pipe outer wall and electrodeEndoporus aperture of the distance between the wall less than the center tracheae.
Taper salient point can increase internal heat dissipating area；The gas ion for passing through can be allowed more to touch on the conical surface, strengthenedThermal diffusivity；The air-flow for passing through can be allowed to form diffusivity be oriented to, the air-flow of center tracheae outlet is preferably adjacent to electrode inner wallWalking, strengthens thermal diffusivity.
Stepped hole is designed in electrode interior, center tracheae front end is also small-bore, and gas enters electrode by center tracheaeWhen between the tracheae of center, make compressed gas by second-compressed because bore diminishes, strengthen pressed density, make high density gasVolume can produce heat absorption principle during instantaneous expansion in exit, so as to preferably reduce electrode the lowest point high temperature.
Further, the distribution of air flow mechanism includes the annular first flange being arranged in the central gas pipe outer wall, setsPut the first stomata and the second stomata on electrodes base, the 3rd stomata being arranged on the lower interior insulation body and be arranged onThe 4th stomata on spout pan frontward end face, first flange side is abutted with the electrodes base inwall, and described first is convexEdge upper surface, central gas pipe outer wall and electrodes base inwall surround the first cooling gas room, the first flange lower surface, centerTracheae outer wall and electrodes base inwall surround the first plasma gas room, are communicated with described on first flange verticallyOne cooling gas room and a plurality of air slot of the first plasma gas room；
The electrodes base outer wall is provided with first groove and the second groove of annular, first groove and the second grooveBetween form the second flange, second flange side is abutted with wall in the lower interior insulation body, first groove with it is describedWall forms the second cooling gas room in lower interior insulation body, is formed between the spout base inner wall and the external wall of lower interior insulation3rd cooling gas room, the first stomata two ends connect the first cooling gas room and the second cooling gas room, the 3rd gasHole two ends connect the second cooling gas room and the 3rd cooling gas room, and the 4th stomata connects the 3rd cooling gas room and coolingGas passage；Second groove forms the second plasma gas room with wall in the lower interior insulation body, and second stomata connectsLead to the first plasma gas room and the second plasma gas room, the electrodes base front end face is provided with a plurality of rotary pneumaticGroove, the rotation air drain connects the second plasma gas room and plasma gas passage.
Plasma arc gas and cooling gas are produced using a source of the gas simultaneously by distribution of air flow mechanism, can be simultaneously realNow cut and lower the temperature.
Further, the aperture of first stomata is more than the aperture of second stomata, the first cooling gas roomVolume is less than the volume of the first plasma gas room, and the volume of the first cooling gas room is less than the second cooling gas room,The volume of the second cooling gas room is less than the 3rd cooling gas room, and the volume of the first plasma gas room is more than secondThe volume of plasma gas room.The control of cooling air-flow and plasma air-flow is realized by controlling the volume of air vent aperture and gas compartmentSystem, so as to realize the stability of plasma arc.In addition, one can be entered by controlling the control of the volume of air vent aperture and gas compartmentStep compression cooling gas, fast cooling is realized in expansion rapidly to make nozzle gas.
Further, the copper overcoat include copper cover insulation part and copper overcoat copper piece, the copper cover insulation part with stretch outThe outer wall of the spout base of torch body is fixedly connected, and described copper overcoat copper piece one end is fixed with the copper cover insulation part outer wallConnection, the other end is fixedly connected by fixed lid with the protective cover.
Further, the lower interior insulation body is provided with the first sealing ring with the joint face of the electrodes base, described lower interiorInsulator is provided with the second sealing ring with the joint face of the spout base.
A kind of plasma arc cutting torch that the present invention is provided has the advantages that：
(1) protective cover is the accessory specially added in machine automatically working for plasma, cut quality it is goodBad to directly depend on spout, it can effectively protect spout to reduce and damage, so that protective cover plays a protective role.Can press again in additionProtection gas on the outside of contracting spout, strengthens cutting power.One week aperture of protective cover front end can strengthen thermal diffusivity, extension protective coverService life.
(2) effect of spout：The ion arc that electrode is produced is focused on to spray by spout central aperture and produces high-energy to cutIon arc, spout internal round speaker shape mainly avoids the swirl gas between electrode from producing double arc effects.Nozzle shapeSegmented horn mouth is designed, and can make protection air-flow on the outside of spout generation compression evenly, is gone out so as to have compressed spoutThe ion arc come, further increases the anti sag property of ion arc, enhances cutting power during work.
(3) electrode is the expendable part of consumption maximum in a whole set of cutting torch, is processed using red copper, and red copper material has goodConductive and heat-conducting effect.Internal stepped hole and taper salient point can mainly strengthen bottommost air velocity and area of dissipation, so thatThe radiating effect of electrode is improved, the service life of electrode is directly extended, more than 3 times of domestic like product life-span have been reached.The main swirl gas avoided between spout of profile middle-end Pear-Shaped design produce double arc effects.
(4) center tracheae is made of brass, and its material has hard and heat-resisting quantity, and cooling gas can be made to lead directly to electrodeInside, the violent high temperature for making its electrode operationally produce is discharged rapidly, so as to improve the service life of electrode.Middle partAir slot can evenly distribute air-flow and be oriented to and improve heat-sinking capability.
(5) fixed lid is screwed in copper overcoat copper piece, is put mainly for protective cover is fixed on outside copper, and surface uses annular knurlTechnique, greatly strengthen the thermal diffusivity of surface area, so as to extend service life.
(6) copper overcoat is the connector of protective cover and torch body, and the spilehole of copper piece medial launder circle distribution can be effectiveThe cooling extension life-span, and protection gas-bearing formation can be formed, damage torch body when hindering splashing during cutting to rise.Upper portion insulating bodyUsing macromolecule exotic material, mainly for isolating the copper body insulation of exterior part, it is to avoid spout and cut workpiece are directShort circuit phenomenon, safety can be strengthened again.
(7) torch body inside uses vortex design, and the air-flow that electrodes base tracheae can be allowed to flow into inside cutting torch produces whirlpoolStream rotation, makes final produced vortex plasma arc penetrability evenly, more straight and upright, stronger.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of double arc effects；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of preferred embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the close-up schematic view of Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the enlarged diagram of A in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is gas flow schematic diagram.
In figure：01st, electrode, 02, nozzle, 03, workpiece, 04, minor arc, 05, side-arcing, 1, protective cover, 2, spout, 3, electricityPole, 4, center tracheae, 5, fixed lid, 6, copper overcoat copper piece, 7, copper cover insulation part, 8, electrodes base, 9, lower interior insulation body,10th, spout base, 11, striking line, 12, tracheae, 13, torch body, 14, upper interior insulation body, the 15, second cooling gas room, 16,3rd cooling gas room, the 17, the 3rd stomata, the 18, first stomata, the 19, first cooling gas room, the 20, first flange, 21, secondStomata, the 22, second plasma gas room, the 23, second sealing ring, 24, spilehole, the 25, the 4th stomata, 26, plasma gas leads toRoad, 27, cooled gas path, 28, spilehole, 29, centre bore, the 30, first plasma gas room, the 31, first sealing ring, 32,Hafnium filament, 33, boss, 34, taper salient point, 35, stepped hole.
Specific embodiment
Presently in connection with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.This figure is simplified schematic diagram, is only illustrated in a schematic wayBasic structure of the invention, therefore it only shows the composition relevant with the present invention.
As shown in Figure 2-5, a kind of plasma arc cutting torch of the invention, including torch body 13, in the torch body 13Rear portion be provided with interior insulation body 14, tracheae 12 and striking line 11 are provided with the upper interior insulation body 14, upper interior insulation body 14 is adoptedWith ceramic material, the high frequency voltage of the main spout base 10 and electrodes base 8 for isolating outer layer.The front portion of the torch body 13Spout 2 is provided with, the spout 2 is connected by spout base 10 with the outer rim of the upper interior insulation body 14, and the spout base10 rear portions are connected with the striking line 11, and the endoporus of the spout 2 includes the spherical portion and tapered portion that are sequentially connected from top to bottomRound speaker shape is integrally formed, the center of the spherical portion is provided with centre bore 29, the upper interior insulation inside the spout base 10Electrodes base 8 is connected with body 14, the anterior connection electrode 3 of the electrodes base 8, the electrode 3 extends forwardly into the endoporus of spout 2Spherical portion in, the outer wall of the electrode 3 middle part is inwardly recessed gourd shape is integrally formed, the recessed part of the outer wall of the electrode 3Tapered portion with the spout 2 is relative.Electrode 3 is negative pole, can produce plasma arc, and spout 2 is positive pole, can focus on plasma arcHigh density is ejected.
Plasma gas passage 26 is formed between the outer wall of the electrode 3 and the endoporus of the spout 2, in the electrodes base 8Center tracheae 4 is provided with, the center tracheae 4 connects the endoporus of the tracheae 12 and the electrode 3, the electrodes base 8 and sprayLower interior insulation body 9 is additionally provided between mouth base 10, the lower interior insulation body 9 is used to distribute air-flow and realizes spout 2 and electrode 3Between insulate, the outside of the spout 2 is covered with protective cover 1, and the outside of spout base 10 of the front portion of the torch body 13 is provided with copperOvercoat, the rear portion of the protective cover 1 is fixedly connected with the copper overcoat, and the copper overcoat and the inwall of protective cover 1 and the spout 2Cooled gas path 27 is formed between outer wall, on the center tracheae 4, electrodes base 8, lower interior insulation body 9 and spout base 10Be additionally provided with distribution of air flow structure, the plasma gas passage 26 and cooled gas path 27 by distribution of air flow structure with it is describedCenter tracheae 4 is connected.
Copper overcoat is screwed on torch body 13, is made up of two parts, and the copper overcoat includes the copper cover insulation part 7 of upper endWith the copper overcoat copper piece 6 of lower end, the medial launder circle distribution multiple spileholes of copper cover insulation part 7 and copper overcoat copper junction24, upper copper cover insulation part 7 uses macromolecule exotic material, mainly for isolating the copper body insulation of exterior part, it is to avoidSpout 2 and the direct short circuit phenomenon of cut workpiece, can strengthen safety again.The copper cover insulation part 7 is cut with stretching outThe outer wall of the spout base 10 of torch body 13 is fixedly connected, described one end of copper overcoat copper piece 6 and the outer wall of copper cover insulation part 7It is fixedly connected, the other end passes through fixed lid 5 and is fixedly connected with the protective cover 1.Protective cover 1 is assemblied in copper overcoat copper piece 6, is protectedThe uniform one week spilehole 28 in the front end of shield 1, spilehole 28 has the effect of outlet and radiating, and main material is processed using red copper,Fixed lid 5 is screwed in copper overcoat copper piece 6, compresses protective cover 1, and using brass material, surface is processed using annular knurl.
A hafnium filament 32 is inlayed in the front plan center of the electrode 3, and the endoporus of the electrode 3 is blind hole, the blind holeBottom be provided with taper salient point 34, the top of the taper salient point 34 is extend into the center tracheae 4, and the blind hole inwall isStepped hole 35, and internal diameter near blind via bottom is less than openend internal diameter, the center tracheae 4 is near one end of taper salient point 34Endoporus side wall be provided with boss 33, the aperture of the aperture less than the rear end of center tracheae 4 of the boss 33, the center tracheae 4The endoporus aperture of the distance between outer wall and the inwall of electrode 3 less than the center tracheae 4.
The distribution of air flow mechanism includes the annular first flange 20 being arranged on the outer wall of center tracheae 4, is arranged onThe first stomata 18 and the second stomata 21 on electrodes base 8, the 3rd stomata 17 being arranged on the lower interior insulation body 9 and setPut the 4th stomata 25 of circle on the front end face of spout base 10, the first stomata 18, the second stomata 21, the 3rd stomata 17 and the 4thStomata 25 is aperture, and the side of the first flange 20 abuts with the inwall of the electrodes base 8, the upper end of the first flange 20Face, the outer wall of center tracheae 4 and the inwall of electrodes base 8 surround the first cooling gas room 19, the lower surface of the first flange 20, centerThe outer wall of tracheae 4 and the inwall of electrodes base 8 surround the first plasma gas room 30, are communicated with vertically on first flange 20The a plurality of air slot of the plasma gas room 30 of the first cooling gas room 19 and first；The outer wall of the electrodes base 8 is provided withFirst groove and the second groove of annular, form the second flange, second flange between first groove and the second grooveSide abuts with the lower inwall of interior insulation body 9, and the second flange side is provided with inside recessed, it is recessed in be provided with the first sealingCircle 31, first groove forms the second cooling gas room 15, the inwall of spout base 10 with the lower inwall of interior insulation body 9The 3rd cooling gas room 16 is formed between the lower outer wall of interior insulation body 9, the two ends of the first stomata 18 connection first is cooled downThe cooling gas room 15 of gas compartment 19 and second, the cooling gas of the second cooling gas room of the two ends of the 3rd stomata 17 connection 15 and the 3rdBody room 16, the 4th stomata 25 connects the 3rd cooling gas room 16 and cooled gas path 27；Second groove with it is describedThe lower inwall of interior insulation body 9 forms the second plasma gas room 22, and second stomata 21 connects the first plasma gas room30 are provided with a plurality of rotation air drain with the second plasma gas room 22, the front end face of the electrodes base 8, and the rotation air drain connectsLead to the second plasma gas room 22 and plasma gas passage 26.The lower interior insulation body 9 and the spout base 10Joint face is provided with recessed, it is described it is recessed in be provided with the second sealing ring 23.
The aperture of first stomata 18 is more than the aperture of second stomata 21, the body of the first cooling gas room 19Product is less than the volume of the first plasma gas room 30, and the volume of the first cooling gas room 19 is less than the second cooling gas room15, the volume of the second cooling gas room 15 is less than the 3rd cooling gas room 16, the body of the first plasma gas room 30Volume of the product more than the second plasma gas room 22.
Arrow represents the flow direction of gas in Fig. 4.
Cold air film potential barrier is increased by the matching design of electrode 3 and the structure of spout 2, the stabilization of plasma arc is improveProperty, it is to avoid double arc effects, in addition, the design and the cooperation of air vent aperture and gas building volume that pass through the inner hole structure of electrode 3Second-compressed is realized to compressed gas, so as to improve cooling-down effect, the service life of electrode 3 and spout 2 is extended；By above-mentionedThe improvement of compages, current product HC-1303 cutting torches, actually used electric current is cooled down up to 130A using internal air coolingMode, enhances ease of use significantly.And HC-1303 cutting torch cutting products quality has reached U.S.'s imported with original packaging cutting torchCut quality, the expendable part life-span is even more catches up with and surpasses 1.2 times of U.S.'s imported with original packaging cutting torch expendable part life-span, so as to improve work effectThe uniformity of rate and high-quality cutting products, it is cheap to add domestic expendable part, greatly improves terminal user and uses sexual valenceThan.
With above-mentioned according to desirable embodiment of the invention as enlightenment, by above-mentioned description, related staffVarious changes and amendments can be carried out in without departing from the scope of the present invention completely.The technical scope of this invention is notIt is confined to the content on specification, it is necessary to its technical scope is determined according to right.