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CN106725826A - The flexible cryoprobe of enhancing cutter head security and fixed J T groove locations - Google Patents

The flexible cryoprobe of enhancing cutter head security and fixed J T groove locations
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Publication number
CN106725826A
CN106725826ACN201710019746.0ACN201710019746ACN106725826ACN 106725826 ACN106725826 ACN 106725826ACN 201710019746 ACN201710019746 ACN 201710019746ACN 106725826 ACN106725826 ACN 106725826A
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Prior art keywords
cutter head
groove
fixed
knife
grooves
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CN201710019746.0A
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孙加源
杨迟
徐彬凯
郑筱轩
宋玲
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SHANGHAI DAOXIANG MEDICAL SYSTEM CO Ltd
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SHANGHAI DAOXIANG MEDICAL SYSTEM CO Ltd
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Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种增强刀头安全性且固定J‑T槽位置的柔性冷刀,包括刀头、J‑T槽和柔性导管,刀头上设有刀尖,所述J‑T槽与刀头或刀尖固定连接。本发明利用J‑T槽本身的抗拉强度将刀头拉扯住,从而避免了万一刀头脱落而造成的穿刺损伤,提高了冷冻治疗手术的安全性;同时通过固定J‑T槽位置而将冷量释放点固定在了刀头治疗区位置,避免了刀头冷量释放不足。

The invention relates to a flexible cold knife that enhances the safety of the cutter head and fixes the position of the J-T groove, comprising a cutter head, a J-T groove and a flexible conduit, the cutter head is provided with a knife tip, and the J-T groove and the knife The head or tip is fixedly connected. The present invention utilizes the tensile strength of the J-T groove itself to pull the cutter head, thereby avoiding the puncture damage caused by the blade falling off, and improving the safety of the cryotherapy operation; at the same time, by fixing the position of the J-T groove The cooling release point is fixed at the treatment area of the cutter head to avoid insufficient cooling release of the cutter head.

Description

Translated fromChinese
增强刀头安全性且固定J-T槽位置的柔性冷刀Flexible cold knife with enhanced head safety and fixed J-T slot position

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种经自然腔道对病变组织进行冷冻治疗的柔性冷刀,尤其是一种增强了刀头安全性、避免刀头脱落造成人体穿刺损伤且保证冷量靶向释放的柔性冷刀。The invention relates to a flexible cold knife for cryotherapy of diseased tissue through a natural cavity, especially a flexible cold knife that enhances the safety of the knife head, avoids puncture damage caused by the knife head falling off, and ensures the targeted release of cold .

背景技术Background technique

肺癌是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率和死亡率居癌症首位。20%的肺癌患者无法实施手术切除且在传统的放化疗中获益有限,局部消融术作为一种微创技术已经应用在早期肺癌的治疗,冷冻消融技术在恶性肿瘤临床应用中已渐成熟。肺因其存在胸腔的特殊解剖位置,如贴近纵膈面或贴近肩胛骨的肿瘤直针无法穿刺到位进行冷冻治疗,为一大批适合冷冻消融治疗的患者制造了困难,其他腔道肿瘤如食管癌、直肠癌、鼻咽癌、前列腺癌等,要求所插入的冷刀探针应具有柔性,以尽可能小地减少冷刀探针在进入腔道(如呼吸道、肺泡、食道等)的自然滑入过程中对组织造成的创伤。传统冷刀由于刀杆是由金属制成,很难实现上述目标,一般只能对组织采取破坏性的穿刺,而一旦上述腔道的管壁穿通后,所导致的结果往往是致命的。所以,柔性冷刀在腔道肿瘤的治疗方面具有重要意义。Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, and its morbidity and mortality rank first among cancers. 20% of lung cancer patients cannot be surgically resected and have limited benefit from traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. As a minimally invasive technique, local ablation has been applied in the treatment of early lung cancer. Cryoablation has gradually matured in the clinical application of malignant tumors. Due to the special anatomical location of the chest, such as tumors close to the mediastinum or scapula, the straight needle cannot be punctured in place for cryotherapy, which creates difficulties for a large number of patients who are suitable for cryoablation. Other cavity tumors such as esophageal cancer, Rectal cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, prostate cancer, etc. require that the inserted cold knife probe should be flexible, so as to minimize the natural sliding of the cold knife probe into the cavity (such as the respiratory tract, alveoli, esophagus, etc.) damage to the tissue during the process. Because the blade of the traditional cold knife is made of metal, it is difficult to achieve the above goals. Generally, it can only puncture the tissue destructively. Once the wall of the above-mentioned cavity is pierced, the result is often fatal. Therefore, the flexible cold knife is of great significance in the treatment of cavity tumors.

柔性导管是柔性冷刀的最大特点和优势,然而由于具备柔性特征的管材一般为塑料管,而刀头部分由于有较高的硬度和较好的传热性能要求,其必须为金属材料,因此两者之间的连接成为了该产品安全性方面的核心问题。由于柔性冷刀的刀头在冷冻过程中存在着低温和高压的恶劣环境,不论采用何种连接技术,都无法保证绝对安全的连接强度,一旦手术中发生刀头和柔性导管的分离,在高压气体的作用下,脱落的刀头会像子弹一样射入人体,其对病人、医生等手术现场人员导致的伤害很可能是致命的。此外,由于J-T(Joule-Thomson)槽(一般为不锈钢毛细管)的出气孔位置附近就是柔性冷刀冷量最集中和充足的地方,而J-T槽在柔性导管被弯曲或者被气流向后推的过程中,其前端出气孔位置可能偏移至刀头后段或柔性导管中去,由此,冷量的释放位置可能会后移,从而导致刀头治疗段释放的冷量偏低,无法达到靶向治疗的效果。The flexible conduit is the biggest feature and advantage of the flexible cold knife. However, since the pipe with flexible characteristics is generally a plastic pipe, and the blade part must be made of metal material due to its high hardness and good heat transfer performance requirements, so The connection between the two became the core issue of the product's security. Since the cutting head of the flexible cold knife has a harsh environment of low temperature and high pressure during the freezing process, no matter what connection technology is used, it cannot guarantee absolutely safe connection strength. Under the action of the gas, the detached cutter head will be shot into the human body like a bullet, which may cause fatal injuries to patients, doctors and other surgical site personnel. In addition, since the position of the air outlet of the J-T (Joule-Thomson) groove (generally a stainless steel capillary) is the place where the cooling capacity of the flexible cold knife is most concentrated and sufficient, and the J-T groove is in the process of bending the flexible conduit or being pushed back by the airflow In this case, the position of the air outlet at the front end may be shifted to the rear section of the cutter head or the flexible conduit, so the release position of the cold energy may be moved backward, resulting in a low amount of cold released by the treatment section of the cutter head, which cannot reach the target. towards the effect of treatment.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明针对柔性冷刀的问题,提出一种增强刀头安全性且固定J-T槽位置的柔性冷刀,利用J-T槽本身的抗拉强度将刀头固定住,防止刀头脱落后喷射而出对人体的伤害。Aiming at the problem of flexible cold knife, the present invention proposes a flexible cold knife that enhances the safety of the knife head and fixes the position of the J-T groove, and uses the tensile strength of the J-T groove itself to fix the knife head to prevent the knife head from falling off and spraying out human injury.

为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种增强刀头安全性且固定J-T槽位置的柔性冷刀,包括刀头、J-T槽,刀头上设有刀尖,所述J-T槽与刀头或刀尖固定连接,利用J-T槽将刀头固定住,防止刀头脱落后喷射而出对人体的伤害。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a flexible cold knife that enhances the safety of the cutter head and fixes the position of the J-T groove, including the cutter head and the J-T groove. It is fixedly connected with the cutter head or the tip of the knife, and the J-T groove is used to fix the cutter head to prevent the damage to the human body caused by the spray after the cutter head falls off.

所述J-T槽前端与刀尖焊接在一起,并在J-T槽刀头段外壁的各个方向上均布出气孔。The front end of the J-T groove is welded to the tip of the knife, and air holes are uniformly distributed in all directions on the outer wall of the J-T groove cutter head section.

所述J-T槽的外壁与刀头焊接在一起。The outer wall of the J-T groove is welded together with the cutter head.

所述J-T槽前段设有螺旋管,并通过螺旋管卡住刀头。The front section of the J-T groove is provided with a spiral tube, and the cutter head is blocked by the spiral tube.

所述的J-T槽外壁上焊接有多个沿轴向的翅片,并通过多个沿轴向的翅片卡住刀头。A plurality of fins along the axial direction are welded on the outer wall of the J-T groove, and the cutter head is clamped by the fins along the axial direction.

所述的J-T槽外壁上焊接有螺旋翅片,并通过螺旋翅片卡住刀头。Spiral fins are welded on the outer wall of the J-T groove, and the cutter head is clamped by the spiral fins.

所述的J-T槽同一位置的外壁上焊接有多个径向支撑杆,并通过多个径向支撑杆直接卡住刀头。A plurality of radial support rods are welded on the outer wall at the same position of the J-T groove, and the cutter head is directly clamped by the plurality of radial support rods.

本发明的有益效果是:即使刀头和柔性导管之间的连接断开,刀头由于被J-T槽拉扯住,不会发生喷射而出的现象,从而提高了冷冻治疗手术的安全性。由于J-T槽与刀头的相对位置是固定的,因此,冷量释放点被限制在了刀头前段,避免了由于出气位置偏移而导致的冷量无法充分释放的问题。此外,J-T槽前段绕制成螺旋管状和增加翅片(沿气流方向和螺旋绕制)的方法有助于增强返回流体和进气流体之间的换热,从而可以达到增强冷量的效果。The beneficial effect of the invention is that even if the connection between the cutter head and the flexible conduit is disconnected, the cutter head will not be sprayed out due to being pulled by the J-T groove, thereby improving the safety of the cryotherapy operation. Since the relative position of the J-T groove and the cutter head is fixed, the cooling release point is limited to the front section of the cutter head, which avoids the problem that the cooling cannot be fully released due to the deviation of the air outlet position. In addition, the method of winding the front section of the J-T slot into a helical tubular shape and adding fins (along the airflow direction and spiral winding) helps to enhance the heat exchange between the return fluid and the intake fluid, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the cooling capacity.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的J-T槽前端与刀尖连接成一体的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the J-T groove front end of the present invention is connected into one with the tip of a knife;

图2是本发明的J-T槽前段与刀头内壁连接在一起的结构示意图;Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the J-T slot front section of the present invention is connected together with the inner wall of the cutter head;

图3是本发明的J-T槽前段绕制成螺旋管状卡在刀头前端的结构示意;Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the front section of the J-T groove of the present invention is wound into a spiral tubular shape and stuck at the front end of the cutter head;

图4是本发明的J-T槽前段增加沿气流方向翅片的结构示意图Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of adding fins along the airflow direction in the front section of the J-T slot of the present invention

图5是本发明的J-T槽前段增加沿气流方向翅片的A-A剖面的左视图;Fig. 5 is the left side view of the A-A section of the fins along the airflow direction added to the front section of the J-T groove of the present invention;

图6是本发明的J-T槽前段增加螺旋绕制的翅片的结构示意图Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of adding spirally wound fins to the front section of the J-T slot of the present invention

图7是本发明的J-T槽前段增加沿径向支撑杆的结构示意图Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front section of the J-T slot of the present invention adding radial support rods

图8是本发明的J-T槽前段增加沿径向支撑杆的B-B剖面的左视图。Fig. 8 is a left side view of the B-B section of the radial support rod added to the front section of the J-T slot of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面结合附图和具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

如图1所示,本发明的增强刀头安全性且固定J-T槽位置的柔性冷刀:柔性冷刀的刀头1分为前后两段,前段是用于释放冷量的治疗段,后段是用于和柔性导管3连接的连接段,后段比前段的通道面积要小。刀尖2和J-T槽4连接在一起,并且在J-T槽4的刀头段的各个方向均匀的排布有出气孔5,从而通过对刀尖2的限制起到了防止刀头1喷出和J-T槽后移的风险。该方案的J-T槽4没有前端出气孔,其管壁上均匀分布的出气孔5可代替前端出气,并且可起到使刀头温度分布更均匀的作用。As shown in Figure 1, the flexible cold knife of the present invention that enhances the safety of the knife head and fixes the position of the J-T groove: the knife head 1 of the flexible cold knife is divided into two sections, the front section is a treatment section for releasing cold, and the rear section It is the connecting section used to connect with the flexible conduit 3, and the channel area of the rear section is smaller than that of the front section. The tip 2 and the J-T groove 4 are connected together, and air outlet holes 5 are evenly arranged in all directions of the cutter head section of the J-T groove 4, thereby preventing the ejection of the cutter head 1 and the J-T by restricting the tip 2. Risk of trough setback. The J-T groove 4 of this scheme has no front end air outlet, and the evenly distributed air outlet 5 on the tube wall can replace the front end air outlet, and can play a role in making the temperature distribution of the cutter head more uniform.

如图2所示,本发明的增强刀头安全性且固定J-T槽位置的柔性冷刀:J-T槽4与刀头1的后端处内壁焊接在一起,焊点6的强度有效地避免了刀头1脱落后喷射而出以及J-T槽位置后移的风险。As shown in Figure 2, the flexible cold knife that enhances the safety of the cutter head and fixes the position of the J-T groove of the present invention: the inner wall at the rear end of the J-T groove 4 and the cutter head 1 is welded together, and the strength of the welding point 6 effectively avoids the knife The risk of spraying out after the head 1 falls off and the position of the J-T groove moving backward.

如图3所示,本发明的增强刀头安全性且固定J-T槽位置的柔性冷刀:刀头1内的J-T槽4等间隙或零间隙被绕制成了螺旋管状,由此螺旋管段可以卡在刀头1的前后段之间,该方案除可增加安全性和固定J-T槽位置外,也可增强刀头1内部的换热。As shown in Figure 3, the flexible cold knife that enhances the safety of the cutter head and fixes the position of the J-T groove of the present invention: the J-T groove 4 in the cutter head 1 has equal gaps or zero gaps and is wound into a spiral tubular shape, so that the spiral pipe section can be Clamped between the front and rear sections of the cutter head 1, this solution can not only increase the safety and fix the position of the J-T slot, but also enhance the heat exchange inside the cutter head 1.

如图4,5所示,本发明的增强刀头安全性且固定J-T槽位置的柔性冷刀:J-T槽4前段外壁上焊接有轴向的翅片7,沿轴向的翅片7是将多个导热性能佳的翅片沿气流方向焊接在J-T槽4外壁上,翅片7后端卡在刀头1的前后段之间,从图5可见,该翅片7沿6个方向伸出,回气气流沿着翅片之间通过,与进气换热后,可使刀头1处的温度更低。As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the flexible cold knife that enhances the safety of the cutter head and fixes the position of the J-T groove of the present invention: an axial fin 7 is welded on the outer wall of the front section of the J-T groove 4, and the fin 7 along the axial direction is to A plurality of fins with good thermal conductivity are welded on the outer wall of the J-T groove 4 along the airflow direction, and the rear end of the fin 7 is stuck between the front and rear sections of the cutter head 1. As can be seen from Figure 5, the fin 7 protrudes in 6 directions , the return air flow passes between the fins, and after exchanging heat with the intake air, the temperature at the cutter head 1 can be lowered.

如图6所示,本发明的增强刀头安全性且固定J-T槽位置的柔性冷刀:J-T槽4前段外壁焊接有螺旋翅片8,螺旋绕制的翅片8是将一个导热性能佳的长条形翅片8螺旋方向绕制并焊接在J-T槽4外壁上,螺旋翅片8后端可卡住刀头1,同时回气气流可螺旋方向经过该翅片,也有增强刀头1换热的作用。As shown in Figure 6, the flexible cold knife of the present invention that enhances the safety of the cutter head and fixes the position of the J-T groove: the outer wall of the front section of the J-T groove 4 is welded with a spiral fin 8, and the spirally wound fin 8 is formed by a The strip-shaped fin 8 is wound in a spiral direction and welded on the outer wall of the J-T groove 4. The rear end of the spiral fin 8 can hold the cutter head 1. At the same time, the return air flow can pass through the fin in a spiral direction, and there is also a reinforced cutter head 1 for replacement. The effect of heat.

如图7,8所示,本发明的增强刀头安全性且固定J-T槽位置的柔性冷刀:J-T槽4前段外壁焊接有径向的支撑杆9,沿径向支撑杆9是将多个强度高且直径小的金属条焊接在J-T槽4同一位置的外壁上,用于卡住刀头1。从图8可见,支撑杆9延4个方向伸出,支撑杆9强度高并且比较细,避免阻碍回气气流。As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the flexible cold knife that enhances the safety of the cutter head and fixes the position of the J-T groove of the present invention: the outer wall of the front section of the J-T groove 4 is welded with a radial support rod 9, and the radial support rod 9 is a plurality of A metal strip with high strength and small diameter is welded on the outer wall of the same position of the J-T groove 4 to block the cutter head 1 . It can be seen from Fig. 8 that the support rods 9 protrude in four directions, and the support rods 9 have high strength and are relatively thin so as to avoid hindering the return air flow.

实施例一:Embodiment one:

将实心刀尖2后端面用钻床钻出一个小圆孔,用激光打孔的方法将J-T槽4管壁打出直径及间距合适的出气孔,然后将J-T槽4插入实心刀尖2的小圆孔内,用锡焊或氧弧焊的方法,将两者焊接在一起,然后将J-T槽4后端插入刀头1,最后用激光焊接将刀尖2与刀头1连接在一起,由此可将刀头1和J-T槽4固定住,此外,由于从前端单孔出气变成了管壁多孔出气,可使得刀头2外表面的温度更均匀,所得冰球形状更饱满。Drill a small round hole on the back end of the solid tip 2, use laser drilling to drill holes with suitable diameter and spacing on the wall of the J-T slot 4, and then insert the J-T slot 4 into the small circle of the solid tip 2 In the hole, solder the two together by soldering or oxygen arc welding, then insert the rear end of the J-T groove 4 into the cutter head 1, and finally connect the cutter tip 2 and the cutter head 1 by laser welding, thus The cutter head 1 and the J-T groove 4 can be fixed. In addition, since the air outlet from the single hole at the front end becomes the porous air outlet on the tube wall, the temperature on the outer surface of the cutter head 2 can be made more uniform, and the shape of the ice puck obtained is fuller.

实施例二:Embodiment two:

将J-T槽4前端从刀头1后端插入至合适位置,用激光焊接的方法将J-T槽4的外壁和刀头后端处焊接在一起,为保证连接强度,可采用填料激光焊的方法,焊接完成后,再进行柔性导管3与刀头2的连接。Insert the front end of the J-T groove 4 from the rear end of the cutter head 1 to a suitable position, and weld the outer wall of the J-T groove 4 and the rear end of the cutter head together by laser welding. In order to ensure the connection strength, the filler laser welding method can be used. After the welding is completed, the connection between the flexible conduit 3 and the cutter head 2 is performed.

实施例三:Embodiment three:

取一根合适直径的芯管,将J-T槽紧密或等间距的绕制该芯管上,绕出合适长度后,将芯管取出,将J-T槽4后端插入刀头1,插入到底后,将刀尖2与刀头用激光焊接连接在一起。该方法工艺简洁,较少涉及焊接步骤,由于增加了进回气之间的换热面积,回气的低温可将进气温度变得更低,因此其冷量更大、冷冻范围更广。若绕制的J-T槽4与刀头1内壁紧密接触,也可起到使刀头外壁温度均匀的作用。Take a core tube with a suitable diameter, wind the J-T slots tightly or equidistantly around the core tube, after winding out a suitable length, take out the core tube, insert the rear end of the J-T slot 4 into the cutter head 1, insert it to the end, The knife point 2 and the knife head are connected together by laser welding. This method has a simple process and less welding steps involved. Since the heat exchange area between the inlet and return air is increased, the low temperature of the return air can lower the intake air temperature, so the cooling capacity is larger and the freezing range is wider. If the wound J-T groove 4 is in close contact with the inner wall of the cutter head 1, it can also play a role in making the temperature of the outer wall of the cutter head even.

实施例四:Embodiment four:

取翅片或支撑杆,将其用激光焊的方法焊接在J-T槽4的外表面,插入刀头1前段到底后,将刀尖2与刀头1用激光焊连接在一起。为保证翅片具备较好的换热作用,可选用铜或铝翅片,支撑杆9为保证强度可选择不锈钢材料。其中,选用翅片的方法也可增强进回气之间的换热,有利于增大冷量。Take the fins or support rods, weld them on the outer surface of the J-T groove 4 by laser welding, insert the front section of the cutter head 1 to the bottom, and connect the cutter tip 2 and the cutter head 1 together by laser welding. In order to ensure that the fins have a better heat exchange effect, copper or aluminum fins can be selected, and the support rod 9 can be selected from stainless steel to ensure strength. Among them, the method of selecting fins can also enhance the heat exchange between the inlet and outlet air, which is beneficial to increase the cooling capacity.

Claims (7)

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