技术领域technical field
本发明涉及具有三段式反应炉系统，尤其涉及一种对加工物进行加热脱附、脱附裂解及反应终止作业的三段式反应炉系统中，其对加工物进行加热脱附时以水平并列的二螺旋输送机平均入料同时进行反应且最终进行降温的终止反应的具有三段式反应炉系统的连续式热脱附及裂解设备。The present invention relates to a three-stage reaction furnace system, in particular to a three-stage reaction furnace system for heating and desorption, desorption and cracking, and reaction termination operations on processed objects. The two parallel screw conveyors feed the material on average and react at the same time, and finally stop the reaction by cooling down. It is a continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment with a three-stage reactor system.
背景技术Background technique
随着全球经济的发展带动汽车工业及橡胶工业、塑料工业的蓬勃发展，每年有大量废弃橡、塑固体废弃物产生，尤其是废轮胎更为大宗，如果没有经适当处理或再回收利用，不但造成资源的浪费，且会给环境造成梦魇的冲击，危害全球土地及环境污染。若把废橡胶或轮胎用焚烧方式处理，不但不环保且浪费资源，因为橡胶为石化产物，其含有约88%碳，其配方中加了碳黑约30~40%是为99％纯碳，因此，橡胶或轮胎废弃物中的橡胶其含碳量极高，约为煤炭的两倍，燃烧后产出更大量二氧化碳排出大气，更是不利于全球环保关心的温室气体减排。另就节能角度而言，碳黑是石化产物，约两公吨的石化油品方能制得一吨碳黑，因此碳黑是高耗能产物，但碳是一极为稳定物质，若能回收再利用将可减少极大能源消耗与浪费。With the development of the global economy driving the vigorous development of the automobile industry, the rubber industry and the plastics industry, a large amount of discarded rubber and plastic solid waste is produced every year, especially waste tires. If they are not properly treated or recycled, not only It will cause a waste of resources, and will cause a nightmare impact on the environment, endangering the global land and environmental pollution. If the waste rubber or tires are disposed of by incineration, it is not only environmentally friendly but also a waste of resources. Because rubber is a petrochemical product, it contains about 88% carbon, and about 30~40% of carbon black is added to its formula to make 99% pure carbon. Therefore, the carbon content of rubber in rubber or tire waste is extremely high, about twice that of coal. After burning, a large amount of carbon dioxide will be emitted into the atmosphere, which is not conducive to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions that are concerned by global environmental protection. In addition, from the perspective of energy saving, carbon black is a petrochemical product. About two metric tons of petrochemical oil can produce one ton of carbon black. Therefore, carbon black is a high energy-consuming product, but carbon is an extremely stable substance. If it can be recycled Utilization will greatly reduce energy consumption and waste.
固体废橡胶、塑料的脱附裂解，是此类废弃物除了焚化外的重要处理方法之一。此种方式是将废弃物粉碎后，在适当的温度下进行脱附及裂解，以产出气体、油品及固体碳黑等。这些产品都是高附加价值的产品，其中，油品来自于橡胶、塑料中的碳氢化合物，若是橡胶中含有天然橡胶，则是一种生质能，对节能减排有相当大的效益。上述油品可再以真空蒸馏法再分离出轻油及重油等，更提高其附加价值。但是过去对废橡胶进行裂解存在几个障碍无法规模化、产品标准化，导致此行业在全世界都无商业化生产的规范制程，主要是环保二次污染无法克服，固体产物碳黑无法回到橡胶工业系统中再利用，大大降低其回收价值。因此业界需要一种可以解决过去制程遭遇到的空气污染环保问题、制程不稳定产出的产品标准化问题、制程不安全产生气爆的工安问题、投料量无法提高的效率不佳问题。The desorption and cracking of solid waste rubber and plastic is one of the important treatment methods for such waste besides incineration. In this way, after the waste is crushed, it is desorbed and cracked at an appropriate temperature to produce gas, oil and solid carbon black. These products are all high value-added products. Among them, the oil comes from the hydrocarbons in rubber and plastics. If the rubber contains natural rubber, it is a kind of biomass energy, which has considerable benefits for energy saving and emission reduction. The above-mentioned oil products can be further separated into light oil and heavy oil by vacuum distillation to increase their added value. However, in the past, there were several obstacles in the cracking of waste rubber, which could not be scaled up and the products were standardized. As a result, there was no standardized process for commercial production in this industry in the world. The main reason was that the secondary pollution of environmental protection could not be overcome, and the solid product carbon black could not be returned to rubber. Reuse in industrial systems greatly reduces its recycling value. Therefore, the industry needs a method that can solve the problems of air pollution and environmental protection encountered in the past manufacturing process, the product standardization problem of unstable output of the manufacturing process, the industrial safety problem of gas explosion caused by unsafe manufacturing process, and the poor efficiency problem of the inability to increase the input amount.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明的主要目的在于提供一种高效能、高投料量的热能利用、有效且高稳定的温度分布的三段式反应炉系统及其连续式热脱附及裂解设备。In view of this, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-stage reaction furnace system with high efficiency, high feeding capacity of thermal energy utilization, effective and highly stable temperature distribution and its continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment.
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：In order to achieve the above object, technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that way:
一种具有三段式反应炉系统的连续式热脱附及裂解设备，包括：呈大致水平设置的第一炉体，其内部的炉膛空间构成耐热及保温的第一夹套，第一夹套分别具有第一夹套入口、第一夹套出口，第一夹套内部空间套设多个第一炉体反应器，每个第一炉体反应器设有第一入料口及第一出料口，且第一入料口设置于第一炉体的外部；第二炉体内部的炉膛空间构成具有可耐热及保温的第二夹套，第二夹套分别具有第二夹套入口、第二夹套出口，第二夹套内设有第二炉体反应器，第二炉体反应器设有联通所述第一出料口的一第二入料口及一开口向下的第二出料口，和与第二炉体外部连通的制程瓦斯输出口；第三炉体内部的炉膛空间构成第三夹套，第三夹套分别具有与第三夹套入口及第三夹套出口，第三夹套内套设有第三炉体反应器，第三炉体反应器设有对应于第二出料口的第三入料口及一开口向下的第三出料口，且第三出料口设置于第三炉体的外部。A continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment with a three-stage reaction furnace system, comprising: a first furnace body arranged approximately horizontally, the furnace space inside it constitutes a heat-resistant and heat-preserving first jacket, and the first jacket The sleeves respectively have a first jacket inlet and a first jacket outlet, and a plurality of first furnace reactors are sleeved in the inner space of the first jacket, and each first furnace reactor is provided with a first material inlet and a first The material outlet, and the first material inlet is arranged outside the first furnace body; the furnace space inside the second furnace body forms a second jacket with heat resistance and heat preservation, and the second jacket has a second jacket respectively Inlet and outlet of the second jacket, the second jacket is provided with a second furnace reactor, and the second furnace reactor is provided with a second inlet and a downward opening connected to the first outlet. The second discharge port of the second furnace body and the process gas output port communicated with the outside of the second furnace body; the furnace space inside the third furnace body constitutes the third jacket, and the third jacket has the third The outlet of the jacket, the third jacket inner sleeve is provided with a third furnace reactor, and the third furnace reactor is provided with a third inlet corresponding to the second outlet and a third outlet with an opening downward mouth, and the third outlet is set outside the third furnace body.
在一实施例中，所述第一炉体反应器为第一、第二螺旋输送机，该第二炉体反应器为第三螺旋输送机，该第三炉体反应器为第四螺旋输送机，该第一至第四螺旋输送机的螺旋叶片排列至该对应的排料口之后。In one embodiment, the first furnace reactor is the first and second screw conveyors, the second furnace reactor is the third screw conveyor, and the third furnace reactor is the fourth screw conveyor Machine, the screw blades of the first to fourth screw conveyors are arranged behind the corresponding discharge port.
在一实施例中，更包含有一投料装置，其包括一由前至后设有螺旋叶片的进料螺旋输送机，且靠近其一排料口的前段不设置螺旋叶片，该进料螺旋输送机的该排料口外设有一隔板装置将该排料口的出料一分为二地分别以一连接管连接至该第一螺旋输送机进料口及该第二螺旋输送机进料口，以较均匀地分配该加工物进入该第一螺旋输送机及该第二螺旋输送机、及一氮气吹驱系统，应用一氮气产生器提供氮气，并以该氮气吹入该进料螺旋输送机的该排料口及该第一、第二螺旋输送机进料口之间。In one embodiment, it further includes a feeding device, which includes a feeding screw conveyor with screw blades from front to back, and the front section near a discharge port is not provided with screw blades, the feeding screw conveyor A partition device is provided outside the discharge port to divide the discharge of the discharge port into two parts and connect them to the feed port of the first screw conveyor and the feed port of the second screw conveyor with a connecting pipe respectively, In order to more evenly distribute the processed product into the first screw conveyor and the second screw conveyor, and a nitrogen blowing system, a nitrogen generator is used to provide nitrogen, and the nitrogen is blown into the feeding screw conveyor Between the discharge port and the first and second screw conveyor feed ports.
在一实施例中，更包含一燃烧炉，该燃烧炉所产出的热风分别由一第一管热风输送管及一第二热风输送管输出到该第一夹套及该第二夹套：该第一管热风输送管连接该第一夹套入口，用以将热风送入该第一夹套，而对该第一炉体反应器加热，加热后的热风并由该第一夹套出口排出，该第二热风输送管输出连接该第二夹套入口，用以对该第二炉体反应器加热，加热后的热风并由该第二夹套出口排出。In one embodiment, a combustion furnace is further included, and the hot air produced by the combustion furnace is output to the first jacket and the second jacket through a first hot air delivery pipe and a second hot air delivery pipe respectively: The first hot air delivery pipe is connected to the inlet of the first jacket, and is used to send hot air into the first jacket to heat the first furnace reactor, and the heated hot air is exported from the first jacket. The output of the second hot air delivery pipe is connected to the inlet of the second jacket for heating the second furnace reactor, and the heated hot air is discharged from the outlet of the second jacket.
在一实施例中，更包含冷却水循环单元，其包含有一连接于该第三夹套入口及该第三夹套出口的冷却管路，用以冷却该第三炉体反应器。In one embodiment, a cooling water circulation unit is further included, which includes a cooling pipeline connected to the third jacket inlet and the third jacket outlet for cooling the third furnace reactor.
在一实施例中，该第一～第四螺旋输送机，其螺旋输送机叶片经过特殊构造开挖了数个缺口或孔口。In one embodiment, the blades of the first to fourth screw conveyors are excavated with several notches or holes through a special structure.
本发明的特点在于：The present invention is characterized in that:
1）本发明是将废橡胶（塑料）等加工物在稳定方式下（化工程序称恒稳状态），以热进行脱附及裂解反应，使其中的碳氢化合物（橡胶）经上述反应脱离与其中的碳黑的交联作用并切断其中的链结变成气体，回收的气态碳氢化合物经冷凝为裂解油品，留于反应炉未反应者为碳黑。因为被反应物为固体，因此，要稳定的反应极为困难，且在反应条件中，因为脱附与裂解是吸热反应温度稳定最为重要，本发明具备高效能的热能利用，且可有效及稳定分布其温度，此两阶段的温度分布让裂解与脱附反应几达百分之百。1) In the present invention, the waste rubber (plastic) and other processed products are desorbed and cracked with heat in a stable manner (the chemical process is called a steady state), so that the hydrocarbons (rubber) in it are detached from the The cross-linking of the carbon black cuts off the links and turns into gas, and the recovered gaseous hydrocarbons are condensed into cracked oil products, and the unreacted ones left in the reactor are carbon black. Because the reactant is a solid, it is extremely difficult to have a stable reaction, and in the reaction conditions, because desorption and cracking are the most important for endothermic reaction temperature stability, the present invention has high-efficiency heat energy utilization, and can effectively and stably Distributing its temperature, the two-stage temperature distribution makes the cracking and desorption reactions almost 100%.
2）另一重要的操作参数是进料量及其稳定度，其变异会造成无法弥补而影响产品的质量。本发明产出产品碳黑及裂解油品较其他方法产出者稳定且质量是较好的。2) Another important operating parameter is the amount of feed and its stability, and its variation will cause irreparable and affect the quality of the product. The carbon black and pyrolysis oil products produced by the present invention are more stable and better in quality than those produced by other methods.
3）本发明不易造成废橡胶或轮胎处理时产出的二次污染，通过本发明装置对废橡胶、塑料的回收再利用，既避免了污染又解决废轮胎处理上的问题，又能回收价值颇高的环保油品、碳黑等产品创造经济价值，可谓一举数得，值得大力推广。3) The invention is not easy to cause secondary pollution produced during the processing of waste rubber or tires. The recycling and reuse of waste rubber and plastics through the device of the present invention not only avoids pollution but also solves the problem of waste tire treatment and can recycle value High environmental protection oil products, carbon black and other products create economic value, which can be said to kill two birds with one stone and are worthy of vigorous promotion.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1绘示本发明之连续式热脱附及裂解设备的三段式反应炉系统一实施例的俯视示意图；Fig. 1 depicts the schematic top view of an embodiment of the three-stage reactor system of the continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment of the present invention;
图2绘示本发明之第一炉体反应器的径向剖面视图；Fig. 2 shows the radial sectional view of the first furnace reactor of the present invention;
图3绘示本发明之第二炉体反应器的径向剖面视图；Fig. 3 shows the radial sectional view of the second furnace reactor of the present invention;
图4绘示本发明之第三炉体反应器的径向剖面视图；Fig. 4 shows the radial sectional view of the third furnace reactor of the present invention;
图5绘示本发明之投料装置之进料螺旋输送机俯视剖面示意图；Fig. 5 shows the top view sectional schematic diagram of the feeding screw conveyor of the feeding device of the present invention;
图6绘示本发明之连续式热脱附及裂解设备的三段式反应炉系统一实施例的前视剖面示意图；Fig. 6 depicts the front view cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the three-stage reactor system of the continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment of the present invention;
图7绘示图6之沿7-7剖面线之移转剖视图；Fig. 7 shows the transfer sectional view along the section line 7-7 of Fig. 6;
图8绘示本发明之连续式热脱附及裂解设备的螺旋输送机的每一节距单位的螺旋叶片的开孔示意图；Fig. 8 shows the opening schematic diagram of the screw blade of each pitch unit of the screw conveyor of the continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment of the present invention;
图9绘示本发明之连续式热脱附及裂解设备的系统方块图。Fig. 9 shows a system block diagram of the continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment of the present invention.
【主要组件符号说明】[Description of main component symbols]
10 连续式热脱附及裂解设备10 Continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment
20 三段式反应炉系统20 Three-stage reactor system
21 第一炉体21 The first furnace body
211 第一夹套211 First jacket
2111 第一夹套入口2111 First jacket inlet
2112 第一夹套出口2112 The first jacket outlet
2113 导热孔2113 Thermal hole
212 第一炉体反应器212 The first furnace reactor
2120 轴向输送结构2120 axial conveying structure
2121 第一入料口2121 The first inlet
2122 第一出料口2122 The first outlet
212a 第一螺旋输送机212a First screw conveyor
212a1 进料口212a1 feed port
212a2 排料口212a2 Discharge port
212b 第二螺旋输送机212b Second Screw Conveyor
212b1 进料口212b1 feed port
212b2 排料口212b2 Discharge port
22 第二炉体22 Second furnace body
221 第二夹套221 Second jacket
2211 第二夹套入口2211 Second jacket inlet
2212 第二夹套出口2212 Second Jacket Outlet
222 第二炉体反应器222 Second Furnace Reactor
2220 轴向输送结构2220 axial conveying structure
2221 第二入料口2221 The second inlet
2222 第二出料口2222 Second outlet
222a 第三螺旋输送机222a Third Screw Conveyor
222a1 螺旋叶片222a1 Spiral blade
222a2 节距222a2 pitch
222a3 缺口或孔口222a3 Notch or orifice
2223 制程瓦斯输出口2223 Process gas outlet
23 第三炉体23 The third furnace body
231 第三夹套231 third jacket
2311 第三夹套入口2311 Third Jacket Inlet
2312 第三夹套出口2312 Third Jacket Outlet
232 第三炉体反应器232 The third furnace reactor
2320 轴向输送结构2320 axial conveying structure
2321 第三入料口2321 The third inlet
2322 第三出料口2322 The third outlet
232a 第四螺旋输送机232a Fourth Screw Conveyor
232a1 螺旋叶片232a1 Spiral blade
232a2 反向螺旋叶片232a2 Reverse Helical Blade
30 投料装置30 Feeding device
301 缓冲储料槽301 buffer storage tank
3011 喉部空间3011 Throat space
31 进料螺旋输送机31 Feeding screw conveyor
310 螺旋叶片310 spiral blade
3101 螺旋叶片间距3101 Spiral Blade Pitch
311 排料口311 Discharge port
3110 排料管3110 Discharge Tube
312 隔板装置312 Partition device
313,313’ 连接管313, 313’ connecting pipe
313 进料入口313 feed inlet
32 氮气吹驱系统32 Nitrogen blowing system
321 氮气产生器321 Nitrogen Generator
3211 氮气3211 Nitrogen
40 燃烧炉40 burner
401 燃烧器401 Burner
41 第一管热风输送管41 The first hot air duct
42 第二热风输送管42 Second hot air duct
43 流量控制装置43 flow control device
44 耐热导管44 heat resistant conduit
45 第一燃烧空气45 primary combustion air
46 第二燃烧空气46 Secondary combustion air
47 雾化燃油的油气47 Vapors of atomized fuel
48 制程瓦斯气48 Process gas
50 冷却水循环单元50 cooling water circulation unit
51 冷却管路51 cooling line
60 瓦斯及油气处理单元60 Gas and oil and gas processing unit
A 加工物A processed product
B 伸缩囊接头。B Bellows connector.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图及本发明的实施例对本发明具有三段式反应炉系统的连续式热脱附及裂解设备作进一步详细的说明。The continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment with the three-stage reactor system of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the embodiments of the present invention.
兹配合图式将本发明实施例详细说明如下，其所附图式均为简化的示意图，仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构，因此在该等图式中仅标示与本发明有关的组件，且所显示的组件并非以实施时的数目、形状、尺寸比例等加以绘制，其实际实施时的规格尺寸实为一种选择性的设计，且其组件布局形态有可能更为复杂。The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings, and the accompanying drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, only schematically illustrating the basic structure of the present invention, so only components related to the present invention are marked in these drawings , and the displayed components are not drawn according to the number, shape, size ratio, etc. of the implementation, and the actual implementation specifications and sizes are actually a selective design, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
首先请参见图1～图6所示。本实施例之连续式热脱附及裂解设备的三段式反应炉系统20，包含：一第一炉体21及其第一炉体反应器212，用以对加工物A进行的加热脱附阶段、一第二炉体22及其第二炉体反应器222，用以对加工物A继续进行脱附裂解以及一第三炉体23及其第三炉体反应器232。第一炉体21呈大致水平设置（当然，本发明中的第一炉体21并非一定要绝对地水平设置，其偏角只要不妨碍加工物A的承接及释出的角度即可），该第一炉体21内具有可耐热及保温的第一夹套211，例如在该第一夹套211的外侧使用钢板内衬耐火泥防止其热量发散，此耐热保温技术可应用于后述的第二炉体22上，该第一炉体21内的炉膛空间形成了该第一夹套211本身所定义出的空间形成，该第一夹套211分别具有与该第一炉体21外界空间联通（即穿过该第一炉体21）的一第一夹套入口2111及一第一夹套出口2112，该第一夹套211的内部空间套设有多个第一炉体反应器212（本实施例的图式为二个，如后述），每个第一炉体反应器212设有与该第一夹套211的外界空间联通的一第一入料口2121（开口向上）、一第一出料口2122（开口向下的）及将加工物A由该第一入料口2121传送至该第一出料口2122的一轴向输送结构2120，且该第一入料口2121设置于该第一炉体21的外部空间；（如图1、图2及图6所示）。First, please refer to Figures 1 to 6. The three-stage reaction furnace system 20 of the continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment of this embodiment includes: a first furnace body 21 and its first furnace body reactor 212, which are used to heat and desorb the processed product A stage, a second furnace body 22 and its second furnace body reactor 222 for continuing desorption and cracking of the processed product A, and a third furnace body 23 and its third furnace body reactor 232 . The first furnace body 21 is arranged approximately horizontally (of course, the first furnace body 21 in the present invention does not necessarily have to be absolutely horizontally arranged, and its deflection angle only needs to not hinder the receiving and releasing angle of the workpiece A). The first furnace body 21 has a first jacket 211 capable of heat resistance and heat preservation. For example, steel plates are used on the outside of the first jacket 211 to be lined with refractory mud to prevent heat dissipation. This heat resistance and heat preservation technology can be applied to the following On the second furnace body 22, the furnace space in the first furnace body 21 forms the space defined by the first jacket 211 itself, and the first jacket 211 has a A first jacket inlet 2111 and a first jacket outlet 2112 connected in space (that is, passing through the first furnace body 21), the inner space of the first jacket 211 is provided with a plurality of first furnace body reactors 212 (there are two diagrams in this embodiment, as described later), each first furnace reactor 212 is provided with a first feed inlet 2121 communicating with the external space of the first jacket 211 (opening upward ), a first discharge port 2122 (opening downward) and an axial conveying structure 2120 for transferring the processed product A from the first feed port 2121 to the first discharge port 2122, and the first feed port The feed port 2121 is arranged in the outer space of the first furnace body 21; (as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 6 ).
同样请再参见图1、图3、图4及图6。一设置于该第一炉体21下方的第二炉体22，其内部的炉膛空间构成具有可耐热及保温的一第二夹套221，该第二夹套221分别具有一第二夹套入口2211、一第二夹套出口2212，该第二夹套221内设有一第二炉体反应器222，该第二炉体反应器222设有联通所述第一出料口2122的一第二入料口2221（用以承接自所述第一出料口2122落下的加工物A而进入第二炉体反应器222内）、一开口向下的第二出料口2222、将加工物A由该第二入料口2221传送至该第二出料口2222的一轴向输送结构2220和与该第二炉体外部空间连通的制程瓦斯输出口2223；一设置于该第二炉体22下方的第三炉体23，其内部的炉膛空间构成一第三夹套231，该第三夹套231分别具有与其外部空间联通的一第三夹套入口2311及一第三夹套出口2312，该第三夹套231内套设有一第三炉体反应器232，该第三炉体反应器232设有对应于该第二出料口2222的一第三入料口2321（用以承接自该第二出料口2222落下的加工物A而进入第三炉体反应器232内）、一开口向下的第三出料口2322，及将加工物A由该第三入料口2321传送至该第三出料口2322的一轴向输送结构2320，且该第三出料口2322设置于该第三炉体23的外部空间。Please also refer to FIG. 1 , FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 again. A second furnace body 22 arranged below the first furnace body 21 has a second jacket 221 capable of heat resistance and heat preservation in the inner furnace space, and the second jacket 221 has a second jacket respectively. Inlet 2211, a second jacket outlet 2212, the second jacket 221 is provided with a second furnace reactor 222, the second furnace reactor 222 is provided with a first outlet 2122 connected to the first Two material inlets 2221 (used to accept the processed product A falling from the first material discharge port 2122 and enter the second furnace reactor 222), a second material discharge port 2222 with an opening downward, and the processed product A is conveyed from the second material inlet 2221 to an axial conveying structure 2220 of the second material outlet 2222 and a process gas output port 2223 communicated with the outer space of the second furnace body; The third furnace body 23 below 22, the furnace space inside it forms a third jacket 231, and the third jacket 231 has a third jacket inlet 2311 and a third jacket outlet 2312 communicating with its external space respectively , the third jacket 231 is provided with a third furnace reactor 232, and the third furnace reactor 232 is provided with a third inlet 2321 corresponding to the second outlet 2222 (for receiving The processed product A falling from the second discharge port 2222 enters the third furnace reactor 232), a third discharge port 2322 with an opening downward, and the processed product A is passed through the third feed port 2321 It is transported to an axial conveying structure 2320 of the third discharge port 2322 , and the third discharge port 2322 is disposed in the outer space of the third furnace body 23 .
在一实施例中，上述所述第一炉体反应器212为一对，分别是第一螺旋输送机212a与第二螺旋输送机212b，该第二炉体反应器222、第三炉体反应器232分别为第三螺旋输送机222a、第四螺旋输送机232a，该第一至第四螺旋输送机212a,212b,222a,232a的螺旋叶片排列至对应的排、出料口212a2，212b2，2322，311之后、且至少一螺旋输送机（在此以第四螺旋输送机232a为列），如图6所示，在其第三出料口2322之后的螺旋叶片的螺旋方向包含有与该第三出料口2322之前的螺旋叶片232a1的螺旋方向相反（反向螺旋叶片232a2）者，以使该第四螺旋输送机232a输送至该反向螺旋叶片232a2时产生阻力而能确实地使输送物落到第三出料口2322。In one embodiment, the above-mentioned first furnace body reactor 212 is a pair, which are respectively the first screw conveyor 212a and the second screw conveyor 212b. The second furnace body reactor 222 and the third furnace body reactor The devices 232 are respectively the third screw conveyor 222a and the fourth screw conveyor 232a, the screw blades of the first to fourth screw conveyors 212a, 212b, 222a, 232a are arranged to the corresponding rows and discharge ports 212a2, 212b2, 2322, 311, and at least one screw conveyor (the fourth screw conveyor 232a is listed here), as shown in Figure 6, the screw direction of the screw blade after its third discharge port 2322 includes The helical direction of the helical blade 232a1 in front of the third discharge port 2322 is opposite (reverse helical blade 232a2), so that the fourth screw conveyor 232a will generate resistance when conveying to the reverse helical blade 232a2, so that the conveying can be ensured. The material falls to the third outlet 2322.
再如图6、图7及图8所示，所述第一至第四螺旋输送机212a,212b,222a,232a中，以下以第三螺旋输送机222a为例示说明（其他的螺旋输送机的螺旋叶片也可具有相同的技术特征）：其每一节距222a2的螺旋叶片222a1（由该节距222a2的0度开头位置环绕360度至尾端位置）上设有多个缺口或孔口222a3，进一步地，该多个缺口或孔口222a3较佳为3个，且互呈120度地平均分配于该每一节距222a2单位的螺旋叶片222a1上（但不以此为限），另外，缺口或孔口222a3的形状不拘，可让料槽内的气体方便通过并减轻螺旋叶片222a1的送料压力为原则。As shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, among the first to fourth screw conveyors 212a, 212b, 222a, 232a, the third screw conveyor 222a is used as an example below (other screw conveyors) The helical blades can also have the same technical features): the helical blades 222a1 of each pitch 222a2 (from the 0-degree start position of the pitch 222a2 to the tail end position around 360 degrees) are provided with a plurality of gaps or holes 222a3 Further, the number of notches or holes 222a3 is preferably three, and they are evenly distributed on the helical blades 222a1 of each pitch 222a2 unit (but not limited thereto) at a mutual angle of 120 degrees. The shape of the notch or hole 222a3 is arbitrary, and the principle is to allow the gas in the chute to pass through conveniently and reduce the feeding pressure of the screw blade 222a1.
另外，上述实施例中，该第一炉体21（或第一炉体反应器212）与该第二炉体22（或第二炉体反应器222）于俯视方向大致互呈90度设置，且该第一炉体21（或第一炉体反应器212）的头端（进料一端）为固定端，其尾端及其他（第二、第三）炉体反应器均设为活动端，如此方可使该第一炉体21的尾端（出料口端）在受热而产生轴向膨胀位移时，在连动该第二炉体22头端（入料方向）时，该第二炉体22只需作侧向的偏摆，较不易影响第二炉体22尾端（出料方向）的位移，同理，该第二炉体22与该第三炉体23于俯视方向大致互呈90度设置时，也有同样功效。In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the first furnace body 21 (or the first furnace body reactor 212) and the second furnace body 22 (or the second furnace body reactor 222) are arranged approximately at 90 degrees to each other in the plan view direction, And the head end (feeding end) of the first furnace body 21 (or the first furnace body reactor 212) is a fixed end, and its tail end and other (second and third) furnace body reactors are all set as movable ends In this way, when the tail end (discharge port end) of the first furnace body 21 is heated to generate axial expansion displacement, when the head end (feeding direction) of the second furnace body 22 is linked, the first furnace body 22 The second furnace body 22 only needs to be laterally swayed, and it is less likely to affect the displacement of the second furnace body 22 tail end (discharging direction). It also has the same effect when it is arranged approximately at 90 degrees to each other.
进一步地，前述该第一出料口2122与该第二入料口2221之间，及/或该第二出料口2222与该第三入料口2321之间的管路连接，可包含有伸缩囊接头B（如图6所示），以利于管路两端的接头产生热胀冷缩的位移作用时，仍能保持良好的连接状态。Further, the aforementioned pipeline connections between the first material outlet 2122 and the second material inlet 2221, and/or between the second material outlet 2222 and the third material inlet 2321 may include Expansion bladder joint B (as shown in Figure 6) is to facilitate the joints at both ends of the pipeline to maintain a good connection state when thermal expansion and contraction occur.
请参见图5、图6所示。本实施例之连续式热脱附及裂解设备10更包含一投料装置30，包括：一缓冲储料槽301，可稳定地供应加工物A、一进料螺旋输送机31连接于该缓冲储料槽301，以取得加工物A，并应用进料螺旋输送机31的螺旋叶片310由前至后进行输送，该进料螺旋输送机31的料槽一般配置成具有一入口低、出口高的倾角，料槽内由前至后设置的螺旋叶片310，在靠近一排料口311的前段即不设置，以使该进料螺旋输送机31输送加工物A到该无螺旋叶片310段时，即会将加工物A累积在该段的输送槽，待加工物A填满输送槽后，即会将填满输送槽的加工物A整体地、平均地往排料口311递送，另，该进料螺旋输送机31的该排料口311后的排料管3110内设有一隔板装置312（可为橡胶制成物）将该排料管3110截面空间一分为二地，分别以一连接管313,313’连接至该第一螺旋输送机212a进料口212a1及该第二螺旋输送机212b进料口212b1，以能较均匀地分配该加工物A进入该第一螺旋输送机212a及该第二螺旋输送机212b进行加工。Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6. The continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment 10 of this embodiment further includes a feeding device 30, including: a buffer storage tank 301, which can stably supply the processed product A, and a feeding screw conveyor 31 connected to the buffer storage trough 301 to obtain the processed product A, and use the screw blade 310 of the feeding screw conveyor 31 to transport from front to back, and the feeding trough of the feeding screw conveyor 31 is generally configured to have a low inclination angle at the entrance and a high exit , the screw blade 310 arranged from front to back in the trough is not set near a front section of a discharge port 311, so that when the feeding screw conveyor 31 transports the processed product A to the section without the screw blade 310, that is The processed product A will be accumulated in the conveying trough of this section. After the processed product A fills the conveying trough, the processed product A that fills the conveying trough will be delivered to the discharge port 311 as a whole and evenly. The discharge pipe 3110 behind the discharge port 311 of the material screw conveyor 31 is provided with a partition device 312 (which can be made of rubber) and divides the cross-sectional space of the discharge pipe 3110 into two, respectively connected by a Pipes 313, 313' are connected to the feed inlet 212a1 of the first screw conveyor 212a and the feed inlet 212b1 of the second screw conveyor 212b, so as to more evenly distribute the processed product A into the first screw conveyor 212a and the second screw conveyor 212a. Two screw conveyors 212b are used for processing.
再者，如图6所示，为使加工物A进入第一炉体反应器212时不会夹带氧气而使第一炉体反应器212产生氧化反应，进而降低产率，甚至发生爆炸，因此前述投料装置30更包含一氮气吹驱系统32，其应用一氮气产生器321提供氮气3211，并以该氮气3211吹入该缓冲储料槽301与该进料螺旋输送机31之间连接的喉部空间3011，以使该喉部空间3011充满氮气3211，而将空气吹驱远离进料螺旋输送机31的进料入口313。Moreover, as shown in Figure 6, in order to make the processed product A enter the first furnace body reactor 212, oxygen will not be entrained, so that the first furnace body reactor 212 will produce an oxidation reaction, thereby reducing the production rate, and even causing an explosion. The aforementioned feeding device 30 further includes a nitrogen blowing system 32, which uses a nitrogen generator 321 to provide nitrogen 3211, and blows the nitrogen 3211 into the throat connected between the buffer storage tank 301 and the feeding screw conveyor 31. The throat space 3011 is filled with nitrogen gas 3211 to blow the air away from the feed inlet 313 of the feed screw conveyor 31 .
如图1~图4、图9所示。本实施例之连续式热脱附及裂解设备10，可更包含一燃烧炉40，该燃烧炉40所产出的热风分别经一热风输出管送出，再分由一第一管热风输送管41及一第二热风输送管42输出，该第一管热风输送管41连接该第一夹套入口2111，用以将热风送入该第一夹套211使热风充满该第一夹套211空间，而对该第一炉体反应器211加热，加热后的热风并由该第一夹套出口2112排出，该第二热风输送管42连接该第二夹套入口2211，用以对该第二炉体反应器222加热，加热后的热风并由该第二夹套出口2212排出。且在一实施例中，该第二热风输送管42上更进一步地设置有一流量控制装置43，其可根据该第一夹套出口2112及该第二夹套出口2212的温度，控制该第二热风输送管42内的热风进入该第二夹套入口2211的流量，因在本发明中，该第一炉体反应器212所需的热能必需高于该第二炉体反应器222的热能，因此当该第一夹套出口2112的温度不高于该第二夹套出口2212的温度时，即使流量控制装置43减少该第二热风输送管42进入该第二夹套入口2211的热风，以使较大部分的热风跑向该第一管热风输送管41而进入该第一夹套211内，进而提高其加热所述第一炉体反应器212的能量。As shown in Figure 1~Figure 4 and Figure 9. The continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment 10 of the present embodiment may further include a combustion furnace 40, and the hot blast produced by the combustion furnace 40 is sent out through a hot blast output pipe respectively, and then divided by a first hot blast delivery pipe 41. And a second hot air delivery pipe 42 output, the first pipe hot air delivery pipe 41 is connected to the first jacket inlet 2111, in order to send hot air into the first jacket 211 to fill the space of the first jacket 211 with hot air, The first furnace reactor 211 is heated, and the heated hot blast is discharged from the first jacket outlet 2112, and the second hot blast delivery pipe 42 is connected to the second jacket inlet 2211 for the second furnace. The bulk reactor 222 is heated, and the heated hot air is discharged from the outlet 2212 of the second jacket. And in one embodiment, the second hot air conveying pipe 42 is further provided with a flow control device 43, which can control the temperature of the second jacket outlet 2112 and the second jacket outlet 2212 according to the temperature of the second jacket outlet 2112. The hot blast in the hot blast conveying pipe 42 enters the flow rate of the second jacket inlet 2211, because in the present invention, the required thermal energy of the first furnace reactor 212 must be higher than the thermal energy of the second furnace reactor 222, Therefore when the temperature of the first jacket outlet 2112 is not higher than the temperature of the second jacket outlet 2212, even if the flow control device 43 reduces the hot blast that the second hot blast delivery pipe 42 enters the second jacket inlet 2211, to A larger part of the hot air runs to the first hot air conveying pipe 41 and enters the first jacket 211 , thereby increasing its energy for heating the first furnace reactor 212 .
进一步言，如图1所示，上述的燃烧炉40可使用双燃料系统，一为前述三段式反应炉系统20进行加工制程产出的制程瓦斯气48、一为制程产出的裂解油并形成雾化燃油的油气47，并以燃烧炉40的温度控制双燃料系统的使用，当制程瓦斯气48不足时起动裂解油以形成雾化燃油的油气47供应给燃烧器401（配合供给的第一燃烧空气45及第二燃烧空气46）使热气温度达到反应所需温度。Further, as shown in Figure 1, the above-mentioned combustion furnace 40 can use a dual-fuel system, one is the process gas 48 produced by the aforementioned three-stage reactor system 20, the other is the cracked oil produced by the process and Form the oil gas 47 of atomized fuel oil, and use the temperature of the combustion furnace 40 to control the use of the dual fuel system. When the process gas 48 is insufficient, start cracking oil to form the oil gas 47 of atomized fuel oil and supply it to the burner 401 (cooperate with the supply of the first A combustion air 45 and a second combustion air 46) make the temperature of the hot gas reach the temperature required for the reaction.
另外，请参见图1～图4所示。在一实施例中，该第一夹套入口2111、该第二夹套入口2211分别设置于该第一夹套211、该第二夹套221的以水平方向观察的下半部空间，另于该第一夹套211设有另一与该第一炉体21外界空间联通、且位于该第一炉体反应器212的以水平方向观察的上半部空间设有与该第一炉体反应器212内部空间连通的导热孔2113，该第二夹套出口2211以一耐热导管44连接至该导热孔2113，以使该第二热风输送管42加热过该第二炉体反应器222之后，仍保有一定温度的热风再导入该第一炉体反应器212的上部，以维持及补充该第一炉体反应器212的加热温度，以达余热利用的效果。In addition, please refer to Figures 1 to 4. In one embodiment, the first jacket inlet 2111 and the second jacket inlet 2211 are respectively arranged in the lower half spaces of the first jacket 211 and the second jacket 221 viewed in the horizontal direction, and in addition The first jacket 211 is provided with another space communicating with the external space of the first furnace body 21 and located in the upper half space of the first furnace body reactor 212 viewed in the horizontal direction. The heat conduction hole 2113 connected to the internal space of the device 212, the second jacket outlet 2211 is connected to the heat conduction hole 2113 with a heat-resistant conduit 44, so that the second hot air delivery pipe 42 is heated through the second furnace reactor 222 , the hot air that still maintains a certain temperature is introduced into the upper part of the first furnace reactor 212 to maintain and supplement the heating temperature of the first furnace reactor 212 to achieve the effect of waste heat utilization.
如图4、图9所示，在一实施例中，连续式热脱附及裂解设备10，可更包含一冷却水循环单元50，其包含有一连接于该第三夹套入口2311及该第三夹套出口2312的冷却管路51，以使冷却水充满该第三夹套231内部空间，当然，该冷却管路51上可应用一泵浦（未图示）使冷却水不断循环，用以冷却该第三炉体反应器232。As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 9, in one embodiment, the continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment 10 may further include a cooling water circulation unit 50, which includes a cooling water circulation unit 50 connected to the third jacket inlet 2311 and the third jacket inlet 2311. The cooling pipeline 51 of the jacket outlet 2312 is used to fill the inner space of the third jacket 231 with cooling water. Of course, a pump (not shown) can be used on the cooling pipeline 51 to continuously circulate the cooling water for The third furnace reactor 232 is cooled.
根据上述的连续式热脱附及裂解设备10，应用投料装置30可提供加工物A（如废橡胶、废轮胎）稳定地均分至第一炉体反应器212的第一、二螺旋输送机（212a,212b）内，并持续进行加工物A输送的同时，应用燃烧炉40所产生的热风对该第一炉体反应器212加热，以进行第一阶段：加热脱附阶段。接着该第一炉体反应器212再将脱附后的加工物A输送至第二炉体反应器222的第三螺旋输送机222a内持续进行输送的同时，应用燃烧炉40所产生的热风进行加热，以进行第二阶段：脱附裂解阶段作业，如图1、图3及图9所示，此时第二炉体反应器222产出的制程瓦斯气48可由制程瓦斯输出口2223排出，并可将其引导（如经由一瓦斯及油气处理单元60传送）至燃烧炉40的燃烧器401内作为燃烧炉40的燃料来源之一，之后，再将脱附裂解后的加工物A输送至第三炉体反应器232的第三螺旋输送机232a内，持续进行输送的同时，由冷却水循环单元50提供第三炉体反应器232的第三夹套231冷却作用，使其加工物A的温度降低，以进行第三阶段：反应终止阶段作业，再由该第三炉体反应器232的第三出料口2322输出碳黑。因为碳黑的碳氢化合物的残留量为微量级，控制碳黑温度不但可确保脱附裂解反应完全终止，并可杜绝反应器外序反应造成碳黑燃烧或少量裂解气逸散产生气爆的危险，因此在第三炉体反应器232的第三出料口2322可装置转动节气阀，以防止空气进入第三炉体反应器232内而产生氧化反应。According to the above-mentioned continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment 10, the application of the feeding device 30 can provide the processed products A (such as waste rubber, waste tires) to be stably distributed to the first and second screw conveyors of the first furnace reactor 212 (212a, 212b), while continuing to transport the processed product A, use the hot air generated by the combustion furnace 40 to heat the first furnace body reactor 212 to perform the first stage: heating and desorption stage. Then the first furnace reactor 212 transports the desorbed processed product A to the third screw conveyor 222a of the second furnace reactor 222 for continuous transportation, and at the same time, the hot air generated by the combustion furnace 40 is used. Heating to carry out the second stage: the desorption and cracking stage operation, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 and Figure 9, at this time the process gas 48 produced by the second furnace reactor 222 can be discharged from the process gas output port 2223, And it can be guided (as conveyed through a gas and oil gas processing unit 60) into the burner 401 of the combustion furnace 40 as one of the fuel sources of the combustion furnace 40, and then the processed product A after desorption and cracking is transported to In the third screw conveyor 232a of the third furnace reactor 232, while the transportation is continued, the cooling water circulation unit 50 provides the cooling effect of the third jacket 231 of the third furnace reactor 232, so that the processed product A The temperature is lowered to carry out the third stage: the operation of the reaction termination stage, and then the carbon black is output from the third outlet 2322 of the third furnace reactor 232 . Because the residual amount of hydrocarbons in carbon black is trace level, controlling the temperature of carbon black can not only ensure the complete termination of the desorption and cracking reaction, but also prevent the occurrence of gas explosion caused by the combustion of carbon black or the escape of a small amount of cracked gas caused by the out-of-order reaction of the reactor. Therefore, a rotary damper can be installed at the third discharge port 2322 of the third furnace reactor 232 to prevent air from entering the third furnace reactor 232 to cause an oxidation reaction.
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510773774.2ACN106701131B (en) | 2015-11-13 | 2015-11-13 | Continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment with three-section type reaction furnace system |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510773774.2ACN106701131B (en) | 2015-11-13 | 2015-11-13 | Continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment with three-section type reaction furnace system |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106701131Atrue CN106701131A (en) | 2017-05-24 |
| CN106701131B CN106701131B (en) | 2020-10-30 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201510773774.2AActiveCN106701131B (en) | 2015-11-13 | 2015-11-13 | Continuous thermal desorption and cracking equipment with three-section type reaction furnace system |
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| CN (1) | CN106701131B (en) |
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