技术领域technical field
本发明涉及肥料制备技术领域，具体涉及一种茄子专用缓释肥及其制备方法。The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, in particular to a special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
茄子是我国传统的蔬菜，不仅含有含有蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、维生素以及钙、磷、铁等多种营养成分，茄子中维生素P的含量很高，每100克中即含维生素P750毫克。能增强人体细胞间的黏着力，增强毛细血管的弹性，减低脆性及渗透性，防止微血管破裂出血，茄子还含磷、钙、钾等微量元素和胆碱、胡芦巴碱、水苏碱、龙葵碱等多种生物碱。尤其是紫色茄子中维生素含量更高，可以抑制消化道肿瘤细胞的增值。Eggplant is a traditional vegetable in our country. It not only contains protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron and other nutrients. The content of vitamin P in eggplant is very high, and every 100 grams contains 750 mg of vitamin P. It can enhance the adhesion between human cells, enhance the elasticity of capillaries, reduce brittleness and permeability, and prevent capillary rupture and bleeding. Eggplant also contains trace elements such as phosphorus, calcium, and potassium, as well as choline, trigonelline, stachydrine, Solanine and other alkaloids. In particular, the vitamin content in purple eggplant is higher, which can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells in the digestive tract.
由于茄子具有极高的食用价值和营养价值，因此茄子的栽培技术便相继出现，茄子栽培过程中肥料的控制尤其关键，由于茄子栽培在土壤中，在施用肥料一段时间后，除了一小部分会被茄子吸收外，其他的则会流失，造成大量的浪费，而且还会造成土壤的污染，随着环境科学研究的深入，人们逐渐认识到重金属对土壤的污染危害是十分严重的，为了减少这种损失，必须要求肥料的养分的释放规律与茄子的养分吸收协调，因此控释肥的研制变得越来越多。随着环境科学研究的深入，人们逐渐认识到土壤重金属土壤中重金属的存在形态可分为：可交换态；碳酸盐结合态；铁锰氧化物结合态；硫化物及有机结合态；残渣态等。可交换态属于有效的且容易被作物吸收利用，称为可利用态；碳酸盐结合态是指与碳酸盐结合的重金属；铁锰结合态是指与铁锰结合的重金属离子，它们之间有很强的结合能力；硫化物及有机结合态是指与硫结合的重金属和与有机物形成络合物的重金属离子；残渣态是指已提取上述四个组分后以层状硅酸盐形态存在的重金属离子，其中可交换态和有机结合态重金属的生物有效性较高，而其它的生物有效性低。因此如何降低可交换态和有机结合态重金属的生物有效性是处理土壤中的重金属的关键所在，现有处理土壤中重金属的方法主要有：固化/稳定化、化学试剂提取、微生物淋滤、焚烧、植物修复等方法。化学法、生物法、植物修复法和焚烧法的缺点在于：从土壤中去除重金属不仅需要大量的财力、物力，而且面对土壤采取这种方法显然是不实际的，而那些吸收富集了重金属的植物，也存在着难以进一步处理，并可能会造成二次污染问题。为此本发明人通过大量的实验和研究，提供了一种不仅能够对茄子生长提供营养，还能有效解决营养元素流失，土壤重金属污染，有毒有害物质污染的茄子专用缓释肥及其制备方法。Because eggplant has extremely high food value and nutritional value, eggplant cultivation techniques have emerged one after another. The control of fertilizers in the eggplant cultivation process is particularly critical. In addition to being absorbed by eggplant, others will be lost, causing a lot of waste, and will also cause soil pollution. With the deepening of environmental science research, people gradually realize that the pollution of heavy metals to soil is very serious. In order to reduce this Therefore, the development of controlled-release fertilizers has become more and more. With the deepening of environmental science research, people have gradually realized that the existing forms of heavy metals in soil can be divided into: exchangeable state; carbonate bonded state; iron manganese oxide bonded state; sulfide and organic bonded state; residue state Wait. The exchangeable state is effective and easily absorbed and utilized by crops, called the available state; the carbonate-bound state refers to the heavy metal combined with carbonate; the iron-manganese bound state refers to the heavy metal ion combined with iron and manganese. There is a strong binding ability between them; sulfide and organic binding state refer to heavy metals combined with sulfur and heavy metal ions that form complexes with organic matter; residue state refers to the layered silicate after the above four components have been extracted Among the heavy metal ions that exist in different forms, the bioavailability of the exchangeable and organically bound heavy metals is high, while the bioavailability of other heavy metals is low. Therefore, how to reduce the bioavailability of exchangeable and organically bound heavy metals is the key to dealing with heavy metals in soil. The existing methods for dealing with heavy metals in soil mainly include: solidification/stabilization, chemical reagent extraction, microbial leaching, incineration , Phytoremediation and other methods. The disadvantages of chemical method, biological method, phytoremediation method and incineration method are: removing heavy metals from soil not only requires a lot of financial and material resources, but also it is obviously unrealistic to adopt this method in the face of soil, and those who absorb and enrich heavy metals Plants are also difficult to further process, and may cause secondary pollution problems. For this reason, the present inventor, through a large number of experiments and researches, provides a special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant that can not only provide nutrition for the growth of eggplant, but also effectively solve the loss of nutrient elements, soil heavy metal pollution, and poisonous and harmful substances pollution and its preparation method .
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种茄子专用缓释肥及其制备方法。In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention provides a special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant and a preparation method thereof.
本发明是通过以下技术方案予以实现的：The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种茄子专用缓释肥，它由以下重量份原料制成：硝酸钾17-23份、硫酸铵15-21份、尿素45-65份、过磷酸钙9-15份、磷酸二氢钾21-27份、外加剂11-17份、反应助剂13-19份、改性蒙脱石25-31份、聚乳酸55-61份、聚乙烯醇55-61份。A special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant, which is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 17-23 parts of potassium nitrate, 15-21 parts of ammonium sulfate, 45-65 parts of urea, 9-15 parts of superphosphate, and 21 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate -27 parts, 11-17 parts of admixture, 13-19 parts of reaction aid, 25-31 parts of modified montmorillonite, 55-61 parts of polylactic acid, and 55-61 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.
所述茄子专用缓释肥由以下重量份原料制成：硝酸钾19-21份、硫酸铵17-19份、尿素50-60份、过磷酸钙11-13份、磷酸二氢钾23-25份、外加剂13-15份、反应助剂15-17份、改性蒙脱石27-29份、聚乳酸57-59份、聚乙烯醇57-59份。The special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19-21 parts of potassium nitrate, 17-19 parts of ammonium sulfate, 50-60 parts of urea, 11-13 parts of superphosphate, 23-25 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 13-15 parts of admixture, 15-17 parts of reaction aid, 27-29 parts of modified montmorillonite, 57-59 parts of polylactic acid, and 57-59 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.
所述茄子专用缓释肥由以下重量份原料制成：硝酸钾20份、硫酸铵18份、尿素55份、过磷酸钙12份、磷酸二氢钾24份、外加剂14份、反应助剂16份、改性蒙脱石28份、聚乳酸58份、聚乙烯醇58份。The special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of potassium nitrate, 18 parts of ammonium sulfate, 55 parts of urea, 12 parts of superphosphate, 24 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 14 parts of admixture, reaction aid 16 parts, 28 parts of modified montmorillonite, 58 parts of polylactic acid, 58 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.
所述外加剂为海藻酸、糖醇、植物生长调节剂、除草剂按照等比配置而成。The admixture is formed by equiproportioning alginic acid, sugar alcohol, plant growth regulator and herbicide.
所述植物生长调节剂为赤霉素、氯吡脲、6-苄基氨基嘌呤，油菜素内酯，三十烷醇中的一种。The plant growth regulator is one of gibberellin, forchlorfenuron, 6-benzylaminopurine, brassinolide and triacontanol.
所述除草剂为48％拉索乳油、72％都尔乳油、50％乙草胺乳油、60％丁草胺乳油、40％阿特拉津悬浮剂按照体积比为1：1：1：1：1的比例配制而成。The herbicides are 48% Lasso EC, 72% Dole EC, 50% Acetochlor EC, 60% Butachlor EC, 40% Atrazine Suspension Concentrate in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1 : 1 ratio prepared.
所述反应助剂为硫代硫酸钠、硫代硫酸钾、硫代硫酸铵中的一种。The reaction auxiliary agent is one of sodium thiosulfate, potassium thiosulfate and ammonium thiosulfate.
所述改性蒙脱石的制备方法为：The preparation method of described modified montmorillonite is:
(1)粉碎：将蒙脱石用球磨机球磨成细度≤0.04mm的细粉，得蒙脱石粉；(1) Pulverization: the montmorillonite is ball-milled into a fine powder with a fineness≤0.04mm with a ball mill to obtain montmorillonite powder;
(2)活化：将蒙脱石粉送入超声设备中，在超声功率为600-1000w下处理20-40min，再送入煅烧塔中用300-600℃的高温煅烧90-120min，冷却后将蒙脱石粉加入无水乙醇中，超声分散10-18min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心2-3次，随后再加入蒸馏水中，超声分散10-15min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心2-3次；(2) Activation: Put the montmorillonite powder into the ultrasonic equipment, process it for 20-40min under the ultrasonic power of 600-1000w, then send it into the calcination tower and calcinate it at a high temperature of 300-600℃ for 90-120min, after cooling the montmorillonite Add stone powder to absolute ethanol, ultrasonically disperse for 10-18min, then centrifuge, repeat ultrasonically disperse and centrifuge 2-3 times, then add distilled water, ultrasonically disperse for 10-15min, then centrifuge, repeat ultrasonically disperse, centrifuge 2-3 times ;
(3)插层：将活化后的蒙脱石粉加水调节成质量百分比浓度为20-40％的蒙脱石矿浆，接着加入含有胺基的插层剂，反应时控制压强0.5-0.8MPa，温度40-60℃，转速1000r/min，时间80-100min，微波功率为10-18kw，得改性蒙脱石。(3) Intercalation: Add water to the activated montmorillonite powder to adjust it into a montmorillonite slurry with a mass percentage concentration of 20-40%, then add an intercalation agent containing amine groups, and control the pressure at 0.5-0.8MPa and temperature during the reaction. 40-60°C, rotation speed 1000r/min, time 80-100min, microwave power 10-18kw, to obtain modified montmorillonite.
所述插层剂为乙二胺、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、四乙烯五胺中的一种。The intercalation agent is one of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine and tetraethylenepentamine.
本发明还提供了上述茄子专用缓释肥的制备方法，该方法是将硝酸钾、硫酸铵、尿素、过磷酸钙、磷酸二氢钾、外加剂、反应助剂混合均匀后造粒得到粒径为2-5mm，N：P2O5：K2O的摩尔比为1:3:1的复合肥，再将该复合肥与改性蒙脱石混合均匀得到混合料，采用由聚乳酸、聚乙烯共混后得到的可降解材料与混合料按照质量比为(1-1.2)：1的比例进行包裹即得到茄子专用缓释肥。The present invention also provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant. The method is to uniformly mix potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, urea, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, additives and reaction aids, and then granulate to obtain the particle size 2-5mm, N: P2O5: K2O molar ratio of 1:3:1 compound fertilizer, and then mix the compound fertilizer with modified montmorillonite to obtain a mixture, which is made of polylactic acid and polyethylene after blending The obtained degradable material and the mixed material are wrapped according to the mass ratio of (1-1.2): 1 to obtain the special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant.
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明先将各原料共混后制得复合肥，并控制复合肥中的氮磷钾的元素含量及复合肥的粒径大小，提升了肥料的透气性，与蒙脱石混合后再由聚乳酸、聚乙烯共混后得到的可降解材料进行包裹其降解周期与茄子的生长期相近，使得制备出的控释肥能够满足茄子生长所需的营养，由于本缓释肥采用了改性蒙脱石，能够和肥料中的硫代硫化物产生协同作用，即改性蒙脱石将重金属胶粒吸附，并将重金属离子交换出来，提高土壤溶液中重金属含量，利于重金属离子与硫代硫化物进行反应，而硫代硫化物与重金属离子发生反应生产沉淀，从而将重金属离子进行固定，阻止其通过淋溶和径流迁移，另外，硫代硫酸钠将高价重金属离子还原成低价态，从而降低其毒性和溶解性，本茄子专用缓释肥含有多种营养成分，能满足茄子对多种养分的需要，而且由于本缓释肥的原料中加入了硫代硫酸物、植物生长调节剂、除草剂等原料，在茄子栽培过程中使用本缓释肥不仅能有效的解决土壤重金属污染、有毒有害物质残留问题，还能起到改善种植环境，抑制杂草生长，提高茄子长势的优点。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention blends each raw material firstly to obtain compound fertilizer, and controls the element content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer and the particle size of the compound fertilizer, which improves the air permeability of the fertilizer, and is compatible with Mongolian fertilizer. After de-stonening and mixing, the degradable material obtained by blending polylactic acid and polyethylene is used to wrap the degradable material. The degradation cycle is similar to the growth period of eggplant, so that the prepared controlled-release fertilizer can meet the nutrition required for eggplant growth. The release fertilizer uses modified montmorillonite, which can have a synergistic effect with the thiosulfide in the fertilizer, that is, the modified montmorillonite absorbs the heavy metal colloidal particles and exchanges the heavy metal ions to increase the content of heavy metals in the soil solution, which is beneficial Heavy metal ions react with thiosulfide, and thiosulfide reacts with heavy metal ions to produce precipitation, thereby immobilizing heavy metal ions and preventing them from migrating through leaching and runoff. In addition, sodium thiosulfate reduces high-priced heavy metal ions into a low-valence state, thereby reducing its toxicity and solubility. This slow-release fertilizer for eggplant contains a variety of nutrients, which can meet the needs of eggplant for multiple nutrients. The use of this slow-release fertilizer in the eggplant cultivation process can not only effectively solve the problem of soil heavy metal pollution and toxic and harmful substance residues, but also improve the planting environment and inhibit the growth of weeds. The advantages of improving the growth of eggplant.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步描述，但要求保护的范围并不局限于所述。The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples, but the scope of protection is not limited to the above.
实施例一Embodiment one
配方：硝酸钾17份、硫酸铵15份、尿素45份、过磷酸钙9份、磷酸二氢钾21份、外加剂11份、反应助剂13份、改性蒙脱石25份、聚乳酸55份、聚乙烯醇55份。Formula: 17 parts of potassium nitrate, 15 parts of ammonium sulfate, 45 parts of urea, 9 parts of superphosphate, 21 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 11 parts of admixture, 13 parts of reaction aid, 25 parts of modified montmorillonite, polylactic acid 55 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 55 parts.
改性蒙脱石的制备方法：The preparation method of modified montmorillonite:
(1)粉碎：将蒙脱石用球磨机球磨成细度≤0.04mm的细粉，得蒙脱石粉；(1) Pulverization: the montmorillonite is ball-milled into a fine powder with a fineness≤0.04mm with a ball mill to obtain montmorillonite powder;
(2)活化：将蒙脱石粉送入超声设备中，在超声功率为600w下处理20min，再送入煅烧塔中用300℃的高温煅烧90min，冷却后将蒙脱石粉加入无水乙醇中，超声分散10min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心2次，随后再加入蒸馏水中，超声分散10min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心2次；(2) Activation: Put the montmorillonite powder into the ultrasonic equipment, process it at an ultrasonic power of 600w for 20min, then send it into the calcination tower for 90min at a high temperature of 300°C, add the montmorillonite powder into absolute ethanol after cooling, and ultrasonically Centrifuge after dispersing for 10 minutes, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation twice, then add distilled water, ultrasonically disperse for 10 minutes, then centrifuge, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation twice;
(3)插层：将活化后的蒙脱石粉加水调节成质量百分比浓度为20％的蒙脱石矿浆，接着加入含有胺基的插层剂，反应时控制压强0.5MPa，温度40℃，转速1000r/min，时间80min，微波功率为10kw，得改性蒙脱石。(3) Intercalation: Add water to the activated montmorillonite powder to adjust it into a montmorillonite slurry with a mass percentage concentration of 20%, then add an intercalation agent containing amine groups, and control the pressure at 0.5MPa, temperature at 40°C, and rotational speed during the reaction. 1000r/min, time 80min, microwave power 10kw, to get modified montmorillonite.
茄子专用缓释肥的制备方法：将硝酸钾、硫酸铵、尿素、过磷酸钙、磷酸二氢钾、外加剂、反应助剂混合均匀后造粒得到粒径为2-5mm，N：P2O5：K2O的摩尔比为1:3:1的复合肥，再将该复合肥与改性蒙脱石混合均匀得到混合料，采用由聚乳酸、聚乙烯共混后得到的可降解材料与混合料按照质量比为1：1的比例进行包裹即得到茄子专用缓释肥。The preparation method of special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant: mix potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, urea, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, admixtures, and reaction aids evenly, and then granulate to obtain a particle size of 2-5mm, N: P2O5: The molar ratio of K2O is a compound fertilizer of 1:3:1, and then the compound fertilizer is mixed with modified montmorillonite to obtain a mixture, and the degradable material and the mixture obtained by blending polylactic acid and polyethylene are used according to The mass ratio is 1:1 and the slow-release fertilizer for eggplant is obtained by wrapping.
实施例二Embodiment two
配方：硝酸钾23份、硫酸铵21份、尿素65份、过磷酸钙15份、磷酸二氢钾27份、外加剂17份、反应助剂19份、改性蒙脱石31份、聚乳酸61份、聚乙烯醇61份。Formula: 23 parts of potassium nitrate, 21 parts of ammonium sulfate, 65 parts of urea, 15 parts of superphosphate, 27 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 17 parts of admixture, 19 parts of reaction aid, 31 parts of modified montmorillonite, polylactic acid 61 parts, 61 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.
改性蒙脱石的制备方法：The preparation method of modified montmorillonite:
(1)粉碎：将蒙脱石用球磨机球磨成细度≤0.04mm的细粉，得蒙脱石粉；(1) Pulverization: the montmorillonite is ball-milled into a fine powder with a fineness≤0.04mm with a ball mill to obtain montmorillonite powder;
(2)活化：将蒙脱石粉送入超声设备中，在超声功率为1000w下处理40min，再送入煅烧塔中用600℃的高温煅烧120min，冷却后将蒙脱石粉加入无水乙醇中，超声分散18min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心3次，随后再加入蒸馏水中，超声分散15min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心3次；(2) Activation: Put the montmorillonite powder into the ultrasonic equipment, process it for 40min under the ultrasonic power of 1000w, then send it into the calcination tower and calcine it at a high temperature of 600°C for 120min, after cooling, add the montmorillonite powder into absolute ethanol, and ultrasonically Centrifuge after dispersing for 18 minutes, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation for 3 times, then add distilled water, ultrasonically disperse for 15 minutes and then centrifuge, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation for 3 times;
(3)插层：将活化后的蒙脱石粉加水调节成质量百分比浓度为40％的蒙脱石矿浆，接着加入含有胺基的插层剂，反应时控制压强0.8MPa，温度60℃，转速1000r/min，时间100min，微波功率为18kw，得改性蒙脱石。(3) Intercalation: Add water to the activated montmorillonite powder to adjust it into a montmorillonite slurry with a mass percentage concentration of 40%, then add an intercalation agent containing amine groups, and control the pressure at 0.8MPa, temperature at 60°C, and rotational speed during the reaction. 1000r/min, time 100min, microwave power 18kw, to get modified montmorillonite.
茄子专用缓释肥的制备方法：将硝酸钾、硫酸铵、尿素、过磷酸钙、磷酸二氢钾、外加剂、反应助剂混合均匀后造粒得到粒径为2-5mm，N：P2O5：K2O的摩尔比为1:3:1的复合肥，再将该复合肥与改性蒙脱石混合均匀得到混合料，采用由聚乳酸、聚乙烯共混后得到的可降解材料与混合料按照质量比为1.2：1的比例进行包裹即得到茄子专用缓释肥。The preparation method of special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant: mix potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, urea, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, admixtures, and reaction aids evenly, and then granulate to obtain a particle size of 2-5mm, N: P2O5: The molar ratio of K2O is a compound fertilizer of 1:3:1, and then the compound fertilizer is mixed with modified montmorillonite to obtain a mixture, and the degradable material and the mixture obtained by blending polylactic acid and polyethylene are used according to The mass ratio is 1.2:1 and the slow-release fertilizer for eggplant is obtained by wrapping.
实施例三Embodiment three
配方：硝酸钾19份、硫酸铵17份、尿素50份、过磷酸钙11份、磷酸二氢钾23份、外加剂13份、反应助剂15份、改性蒙脱石27份、聚乳酸57份、聚乙烯醇57份。Formula: 19 parts of potassium nitrate, 17 parts of ammonium sulfate, 50 parts of urea, 11 parts of superphosphate, 23 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 13 parts of admixture, 15 parts of reaction aid, 27 parts of modified montmorillonite, polylactic acid 57 parts, 57 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.
改性蒙脱石的制备方法：The preparation method of modified montmorillonite:
(1)粉碎：将蒙脱石用球磨机球磨成细度≤0.04mm的细粉，得蒙脱石粉；(1) Pulverization: the montmorillonite is ball-milled into a fine powder with a fineness≤0.04mm with a ball mill to obtain montmorillonite powder;
(2)活化：将蒙脱石粉送入超声设备中，在超声功率为600w下处理20min，再送入煅烧塔中用300-℃的高温煅烧90min，冷却后将蒙脱石粉加入无水乙醇中，超声分散10min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心2次，随后再加入蒸馏水中，超声分散10min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心2次；(2) Activation: Put the montmorillonite powder into the ultrasonic equipment, process it for 20min at an ultrasonic power of 600w, then send it into the calciner tower and calcinate it at a high temperature of 300-℃ for 90min, add the montmorillonite powder into absolute ethanol after cooling, After ultrasonic dispersion for 10 minutes, centrifuge, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation twice, then add distilled water, ultrasonic dispersion for 10 minutes, centrifugal separation, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation twice;
(3)插层：将活化后的蒙脱石粉加水调节成质量百分比浓度为20％的蒙脱石矿浆，接着加入含有胺基的插层剂，反应时控制压强0.5MPa，温度40℃，转速1000r/min，时间80min，微波功率为10kw，得改性蒙脱石。(3) Intercalation: Add water to the activated montmorillonite powder to adjust it into a montmorillonite slurry with a mass percentage concentration of 20%, then add an intercalation agent containing amine groups, and control the pressure at 0.5MPa, temperature at 40°C, and rotational speed during the reaction. 1000r/min, time 80min, microwave power 10kw, to get modified montmorillonite.
茄子专用缓释肥的制备方法：将硝酸钾、硫酸铵、尿素、过磷酸钙、磷酸二氢钾、外加剂、反应助剂混合均匀后造粒得到粒径为2-5mm，N：P2O5：K2O的摩尔比为1:3:1的复合肥，再将该复合肥与改性蒙脱石混合均匀得到混合料，采用由聚乳酸、聚乙烯共混后得到的可降解材料与混合料按照质量比为1：1的比例进行包裹即得到茄子专用缓释肥。The preparation method of special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant: mix potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, urea, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, admixtures, and reaction aids evenly, and then granulate to obtain a particle size of 2-5mm, N: P2O5: The molar ratio of K2O is a compound fertilizer of 1:3:1, and then the compound fertilizer is mixed with modified montmorillonite to obtain a mixture, and the degradable material and the mixture obtained by blending polylactic acid and polyethylene are used according to The mass ratio is 1:1 and the slow-release fertilizer for eggplant is obtained by wrapping.
实施例四Embodiment Four
配方：硝酸钾21份、硫酸铵19份、尿素60份、过磷酸钙13份、磷酸二氢钾25份、外加剂15份、反应助剂17份、改性蒙脱石29份、聚乳酸59份、聚乙烯醇59份。Formula: 21 parts of potassium nitrate, 19 parts of ammonium sulfate, 60 parts of urea, 13 parts of superphosphate, 25 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 parts of admixture, 17 parts of reaction aid, 29 parts of modified montmorillonite, polylactic acid 59 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 59 parts.
改性蒙脱石的制备方法：The preparation method of modified montmorillonite:
(1)粉碎：将蒙脱石用球磨机球磨成细度≤0.04mm的细粉，得蒙脱石粉；(1) Pulverization: the montmorillonite is ball-milled into a fine powder with a fineness≤0.04mm with a ball mill to obtain montmorillonite powder;
(2)活化：将蒙脱石粉送入超声设备中，在超声功率为1000w下处理40min，再送入煅烧塔中用600℃的高温煅烧120min，冷却后将蒙脱石粉加入无水乙醇中，超声分散18min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心3次，随后再加入蒸馏水中，超声分散15min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心3次；(2) Activation: Put the montmorillonite powder into the ultrasonic equipment, process it for 40min under the ultrasonic power of 1000w, then send it into the calcination tower and calcine it at a high temperature of 600°C for 120min, after cooling, add the montmorillonite powder into absolute ethanol, and ultrasonically Centrifuge after dispersing for 18 minutes, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation for 3 times, then add distilled water, ultrasonically disperse for 15 minutes and then centrifuge, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation for 3 times;
(3)插层：将活化后的蒙脱石粉加水调节成质量百分比浓度为40％的蒙脱石矿浆，接着加入含有胺基的插层剂，反应时控制压强0.8MPa，温度60℃，转速1000r/min，时间100min，微波功率为18kw，得改性蒙脱石。(3) Intercalation: Add water to the activated montmorillonite powder to adjust it into a montmorillonite slurry with a mass percentage concentration of 40%, then add an intercalation agent containing amine groups, and control the pressure at 0.8MPa, temperature at 60°C, and rotational speed during the reaction. 1000r/min, time 100min, microwave power 18kw, to get modified montmorillonite.
茄子专用缓释肥的制备方法：将硝酸钾、硫酸铵、尿素、过磷酸钙、磷酸二氢钾、外加剂、反应助剂混合均匀后造粒得到粒径为2-5mm，N：P2O5：K2O的摩尔比为1:3:1的复合肥，再将该复合肥与改性蒙脱石混合均匀得到混合料，采用由聚乳酸、聚乙烯共混后得到的可降解材料与混合料按照质量比为1.2：1的比例进行包裹即得到茄子专用缓释肥。The preparation method of special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant: mix potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, urea, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, admixtures, and reaction aids evenly, and then granulate to obtain a particle size of 2-5mm, N: P2O5: The molar ratio of K2O is a compound fertilizer of 1:3:1, and then the compound fertilizer is mixed with modified montmorillonite to obtain a mixture, and the degradable material and the mixture obtained by blending polylactic acid and polyethylene are used according to The mass ratio is 1.2:1 and the slow-release fertilizer for eggplant is obtained by wrapping.
实施例五Embodiment five
配方：硝酸钾20份、硫酸铵18份、尿素55份、过磷酸钙12份、磷酸二氢钾24份、外加剂14份、反应助剂16份、改性蒙脱石28份、聚乳酸58份、聚乙烯醇58份。Formula: 20 parts of potassium nitrate, 18 parts of ammonium sulfate, 55 parts of urea, 12 parts of superphosphate, 24 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 14 parts of admixture, 16 parts of reaction aid, 28 parts of modified montmorillonite, polylactic acid 58 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 58 parts.
改性蒙脱石的制备方法：The preparation method of modified montmorillonite:
(1)粉碎：将蒙脱石用球磨机球磨成细度≤0.04mm的细粉，得蒙脱石粉；(1) Pulverization: the montmorillonite is ball-milled into a fine powder with a fineness≤0.04mm with a ball mill to obtain montmorillonite powder;
(2)活化：将蒙脱石粉送入超声设备中，在超声功率为800w下处理30min，再送入煅烧塔中用450℃的高温煅烧105min，冷却后将蒙脱石粉加入无水乙醇中，超声分散14min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心2次，随后再加入蒸馏水中，超声分散12.5min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心3次；(2) Activation: Put the montmorillonite powder into the ultrasonic equipment, process it for 30min under the ultrasonic power of 800w, then send it into the calcination tower and calcine at a high temperature of 450°C for 105min, after cooling, add the montmorillonite powder into absolute ethanol, and ultrasonically Centrifuge after dispersing for 14 minutes, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation twice, then add distilled water, ultrasonically disperse for 12.5 minutes, then centrifuge, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation 3 times;
(3)插层：将活化后的蒙脱石粉加水调节成质量百分比浓度为30％的蒙脱石矿浆，接着加入含有胺基的插层剂，反应时控制压强0.65MPa，温度50℃，转速1000r/min，时间90min，微波功率为14kw，得改性蒙脱石。(3) Intercalation: Add water to the activated montmorillonite powder to adjust it into a montmorillonite slurry with a concentration of 30% by mass, then add an intercalation agent containing amine groups, and control the pressure at 0.65MPa, temperature at 50°C, and rotational speed during the reaction. 1000r/min, time 90min, microwave power 14kw, to obtain modified montmorillonite.
茄子专用缓释肥的制备方法：将硝酸钾、硫酸铵、尿素、过磷酸钙、磷酸二氢钾、外加剂、反应助剂混合均匀后造粒得到粒径为2-5mm，N：P2O5：K2O的摩尔比为1:3:1的复合肥，再将该复合肥与改性蒙脱石混合均匀得到混合料，采用由聚乳酸、聚乙烯共混后得到的可降解材料与混合料按照质量比为1.1：1的比例进行包裹即得到茄子专用缓释肥。The preparation method of special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant: mix potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, urea, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, admixtures, and reaction aids evenly, and then granulate to obtain a particle size of 2-5mm, N: P2O5: The molar ratio of K2O is a compound fertilizer of 1:3:1, and then the compound fertilizer is mixed with modified montmorillonite to obtain a mixture, and the degradable material and the mixture obtained by blending polylactic acid and polyethylene are used according to The mass ratio is 1.1:1 and the slow-release fertilizer for eggplant is obtained by wrapping.
实施例六Embodiment six
配方：硝酸钾17份、硫酸铵21份、尿素45份、过磷酸钙15份、磷酸二氢钾21份、外加剂17份、反应助剂13份、改性蒙脱石31份、聚乳酸55份、聚乙烯醇61份。Formula: 17 parts of potassium nitrate, 21 parts of ammonium sulfate, 45 parts of urea, 15 parts of superphosphate, 21 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 17 parts of admixture, 13 parts of reaction aid, 31 parts of modified montmorillonite, polylactic acid 55 parts, 61 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.
改性蒙脱石的制备方法：The preparation method of modified montmorillonite:
(1)粉碎：将蒙脱石用球磨机球磨成细度≤0.04mm的细粉，得蒙脱石粉；(1) Pulverization: the montmorillonite is ball-milled into a fine powder with a fineness≤0.04mm with a ball mill to obtain montmorillonite powder;
(2)活化：将蒙脱石粉送入超声设备中，在超声功率为600w下处理20min，再送入煅烧塔中用300℃的高温煅烧90min，冷却后将蒙脱石粉加入无水乙醇中，超声分散10min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心2次，随后再加入蒸馏水中，超声分散10min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心2次；(2) Activation: Put the montmorillonite powder into the ultrasonic equipment, process it at an ultrasonic power of 600w for 20min, then send it into the calcination tower for 90min at a high temperature of 300°C, add the montmorillonite powder into absolute ethanol after cooling, and ultrasonically Centrifuge after dispersing for 10 minutes, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation twice, then add distilled water, ultrasonically disperse for 10 minutes, then centrifuge, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation twice;
(3)插层：将活化后的蒙脱石粉加水调节成质量百分比浓度为20％的蒙脱石矿浆，接着加入含有胺基的插层剂，反应时控制压强0.5MPa，温度40℃，转速1000r/min，时间80min，微波功率为10kw，得改性蒙脱石。(3) Intercalation: Add water to the activated montmorillonite powder to adjust it into a montmorillonite slurry with a mass percentage concentration of 20%, then add an intercalation agent containing amine groups, and control the pressure at 0.5MPa, temperature at 40°C, and rotational speed during the reaction. 1000r/min, time 80min, microwave power 10kw, to get modified montmorillonite.
茄子专用缓释肥的制备方法：将硝酸钾、硫酸铵、尿素、过磷酸钙、磷酸二氢钾、外加剂、反应助剂混合均匀后造粒得到粒径为2-5mm，N：P2O5：K2O的摩尔比为1:3:1的复合肥，再将该复合肥与改性蒙脱石混合均匀得到混合料，采用由聚乳酸、聚乙烯共混后得到的可降解材料与混合料按照质量比为1：1的比例进行包裹即得到茄子专用缓释肥。The preparation method of special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant: mix potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, urea, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, admixtures, and reaction aids evenly, and then granulate to obtain a particle size of 2-5mm, N: P2O5: The molar ratio of K2O is a compound fertilizer of 1:3:1, and then the compound fertilizer is mixed with modified montmorillonite to obtain a mixture, and the degradable material and the mixture obtained by blending polylactic acid and polyethylene are used according to The mass ratio is 1:1 and the slow-release fertilizer for eggplant is obtained by wrapping.
实施例七Embodiment seven
配方：硝酸钾23份、硫酸铵15份、尿素65份、过磷酸钙9份、磷酸二氢钾27份、外加剂11份、反应助剂19份、改性蒙脱石25份、聚乳酸61份、聚乙烯醇55份。Formula: 23 parts of potassium nitrate, 15 parts of ammonium sulfate, 65 parts of urea, 9 parts of superphosphate, 27 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 11 parts of admixture, 19 parts of reaction aid, 25 parts of modified montmorillonite, polylactic acid 61 parts, 55 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.
改性蒙脱石的制备方法：The preparation method of modified montmorillonite:
(1)粉碎：将蒙脱石用球磨机球磨成细度≤0.04mm的细粉，得蒙脱石粉；(1) Pulverization: the montmorillonite is ball-milled into a fine powder with a fineness≤0.04mm with a ball mill to obtain montmorillonite powder;
(2)活化：将蒙脱石粉送入超声设备中，在超声功率为1000w下处理40min，再送入煅烧塔中用600℃的高温煅烧120min，冷却后将蒙脱石粉加入无水乙醇中，超声分散18min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心3次，随后再加入蒸馏水中，超声分散15min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心3次；(2) Activation: Put the montmorillonite powder into the ultrasonic equipment, process it for 40min under the ultrasonic power of 1000w, then send it into the calcination tower and calcine it at a high temperature of 600°C for 120min, after cooling, add the montmorillonite powder into absolute ethanol, and ultrasonically Centrifuge after dispersing for 18 minutes, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation for 3 times, then add distilled water, ultrasonically disperse for 15 minutes and then centrifuge, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation for 3 times;
(3)插层：将活化后的蒙脱石粉加水调节成质量百分比浓度为40％的蒙脱石矿浆，接着加入含有胺基的插层剂，反应时控制压强0.8MPa，温度60℃，转速1000r/min，时间100min，微波功率为18kw，得改性蒙脱石。(3) Intercalation: Add water to the activated montmorillonite powder to adjust it into a montmorillonite slurry with a mass percentage concentration of 40%, then add an intercalation agent containing amine groups, and control the pressure at 0.8MPa, temperature at 60°C, and rotational speed during the reaction. 1000r/min, time 100min, microwave power 18kw, to get modified montmorillonite.
茄子专用缓释肥的制备方法：将硝酸钾、硫酸铵、尿素、过磷酸钙、磷酸二氢钾、外加剂、反应助剂混合均匀后造粒得到粒径为2-5mm，N：P2O5：K2O的摩尔比为1:3:1的复合肥，再将该复合肥与改性蒙脱石混合均匀得到混合料，采用由聚乳酸、聚乙烯共混后得到的可降解材料与混合料按照质量比为1.2：1的比例进行包裹即得到茄子专用缓释肥。The preparation method of special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant: mix potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, urea, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, admixtures, and reaction aids evenly, and then granulate to obtain a particle size of 2-5mm, N: P2O5: The molar ratio of K2O is a compound fertilizer of 1:3:1, and then the compound fertilizer is mixed with modified montmorillonite to obtain a mixture, and the degradable material and the mixture obtained by blending polylactic acid and polyethylene are used according to The mass ratio is 1.2:1 and the slow-release fertilizer for eggplant is obtained by wrapping.
实施例八Embodiment Eight
配方：硝酸钾19份、硫酸铵19份、尿素50份、过磷酸钙13份、磷酸二氢钾23份、外加剂15份、反应助剂15份、改性蒙脱石29份、聚乳酸57份、聚乙烯醇59份。Formula: 19 parts of potassium nitrate, 19 parts of ammonium sulfate, 50 parts of urea, 13 parts of superphosphate, 23 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 parts of admixture, 15 parts of reaction aid, 29 parts of modified montmorillonite, polylactic acid 57 parts, 59 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.
改性蒙脱石的制备方法：The preparation method of modified montmorillonite:
(1)粉碎：将蒙脱石用球磨机球磨成细度≤0.04mm的细粉，得蒙脱石粉；(1) Pulverization: the montmorillonite is ball-milled into a fine powder with a fineness≤0.04mm with a ball mill to obtain montmorillonite powder;
(2)活化：将蒙脱石粉送入超声设备中，在超声功率为600w下处理20min，再送入煅烧塔中用300-℃的高温煅烧90min，冷却后将蒙脱石粉加入无水乙醇中，超声分散10min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心2次，随后再加入蒸馏水中，超声分散10min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心2次；(2) Activation: Put the montmorillonite powder into the ultrasonic equipment, process it for 20min at an ultrasonic power of 600w, then send it into the calciner tower and calcinate it at a high temperature of 300-℃ for 90min, add the montmorillonite powder into absolute ethanol after cooling, After ultrasonic dispersion for 10 minutes, centrifuge, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation twice, then add distilled water, ultrasonic dispersion for 10 minutes, centrifugal separation, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation twice;
(3)插层：将活化后的蒙脱石粉加水调节成质量百分比浓度为20％的蒙脱石矿浆，接着加入含有胺基的插层剂，反应时控制压强0.5MPa，温度40℃，转速1000r/min，时间80min，微波功率为10kw，得改性蒙脱石。(3) Intercalation: Add water to the activated montmorillonite powder to adjust it into a montmorillonite slurry with a mass percentage concentration of 20%, then add an intercalation agent containing amine groups, and control the pressure at 0.5MPa, temperature at 40°C, and rotational speed during the reaction. 1000r/min, time 80min, microwave power 10kw, to get modified montmorillonite.
茄子专用缓释肥的制备方法：将硝酸钾、硫酸铵、尿素、过磷酸钙、磷酸二氢钾、外加剂、反应助剂混合均匀后造粒得到粒径为2-5mm，N：P2O5：K2O的摩尔比为1:3:1的复合肥，再将该复合肥与改性蒙脱石混合均匀得到混合料，采用由聚乳酸、聚乙烯共混后得到的可降解材料与混合料按照质量比为1：1的比例进行包裹即得到茄子专用缓释肥。The preparation method of special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant: mix potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, urea, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, admixtures, and reaction aids evenly, and then granulate to obtain a particle size of 2-5mm, N: P2O5: The molar ratio of K2O is a compound fertilizer of 1:3:1, and then the compound fertilizer is mixed with modified montmorillonite to obtain a mixture, and the degradable material and the mixture obtained by blending polylactic acid and polyethylene are used according to The mass ratio is 1:1 and the slow-release fertilizer for eggplant is obtained by wrapping.
实施例九Embodiment nine
配方：硝酸钾21份、硫酸铵17份、尿素60份、过磷酸钙11份、磷酸二氢钾25份、外加剂13份、反应助剂17份、改性蒙脱石27份、聚乳酸59份、聚乙烯醇57份。Formula: 21 parts of potassium nitrate, 17 parts of ammonium sulfate, 60 parts of urea, 11 parts of superphosphate, 25 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 13 parts of admixture, 17 parts of reaction aid, 27 parts of modified montmorillonite, polylactic acid 59 parts, 57 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.
改性蒙脱石的制备方法：The preparation method of modified montmorillonite:
(1)粉碎：将蒙脱石用球磨机球磨成细度≤0.04mm的细粉，得蒙脱石粉；(1) Pulverization: the montmorillonite is ball-milled into a fine powder with a fineness≤0.04mm with a ball mill to obtain montmorillonite powder;
(2)活化：将蒙脱石粉送入超声设备中，在超声功率为1000w下处理40min，再送入煅烧塔中用600℃的高温煅烧120min，冷却后将蒙脱石粉加入无水乙醇中，超声分散18min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心3次，随后再加入蒸馏水中，超声分散15min后离心分离，重复超声分散、离心3次；(2) Activation: Put the montmorillonite powder into the ultrasonic equipment, process it for 40min under the ultrasonic power of 1000w, then send it into the calcination tower and calcine it at a high temperature of 600°C for 120min, after cooling, add the montmorillonite powder into absolute ethanol, and ultrasonically Centrifuge after dispersing for 18 minutes, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation for 3 times, then add distilled water, ultrasonically disperse for 15 minutes and then centrifuge, repeat ultrasonic dispersion and centrifugation for 3 times;
(3)插层：将活化后的蒙脱石粉加水调节成质量百分比浓度为40％的蒙脱石矿浆，接着加入含有胺基的插层剂，反应时控制压强0.8MPa，温度60℃，转速1000r/min，时间100min，微波功率为18kw，得改性蒙脱石。(3) Intercalation: Add water to the activated montmorillonite powder to adjust it into a montmorillonite slurry with a mass percentage concentration of 40%, then add an intercalation agent containing amine groups, and control the pressure at 0.8MPa, temperature at 60°C, and rotational speed during the reaction. 1000r/min, time 100min, microwave power 18kw, to get modified montmorillonite.
茄子专用缓释肥的制备方法：将硝酸钾、硫酸铵、尿素、过磷酸钙、磷酸二氢钾、外加剂、反应助剂混合均匀后造粒得到粒径为2-5mm，N：P2O5：K2O的摩尔比为1:3:1的复合肥，再将该复合肥与改性蒙脱石混合均匀得到混合料，采用由聚乳酸、聚乙烯共混后得到的可降解材料与混合料按照质量比为1.2：1的比例进行包裹即得到茄子专用缓释肥。The preparation method of special slow-release fertilizer for eggplant: mix potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, urea, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, admixtures, and reaction aids evenly, and then granulate to obtain a particle size of 2-5mm, N: P2O5: The molar ratio of K2O is a compound fertilizer of 1:3:1, and then the compound fertilizer is mixed with modified montmorillonite to obtain a mixture, and the degradable material and the mixture obtained by blending polylactic acid and polyethylene are used according to The mass ratio is 1.2:1 and the slow-release fertilizer for eggplant is obtained by wrapping.
下面结合具体实验例对本发明做进一步的说明：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific experimental examples:
实验例1Experimental example 1
本缓释肥田间示范试验，实验田地处于贵州，气候温和，雨水充沛，采用每亩田地标号实验，一共选择10亩田地，采用常规施肥以及常规施肥+本实施例1-9制备出的缓释肥进行茄子栽培实验，实验结果如表1所示：In this slow-release fertilizer field demonstration test, the experimental field is located in Guizhou, with a mild climate and abundant rainfall. The field labeling experiment per mu is used, and a total of 10 mu of fields are selected, and conventional fertilization and conventional fertilization + slow-release prepared in this example 1-9 are adopted. Fertilizer was carried out eggplant cultivation experiment, and the experimental results are shown in Table 1:
表1缓释肥田间示范试验Table 1 Field Demonstration Test of Slow Release Fertilizer
由上可以看出采用常规施肥的方式进行茄子的种植其产量在理论值内，而采用常规施肥+本实施例1-9制备出的缓释肥进行茄子的种植其产量不仅高于理论值而且还远远高于单独采用常规施肥的，因此采用本发明进行茄子的种植是具有较高的增产效果的。It can be seen from the above that the yield of eggplant planted by conventional fertilization is within the theoretical value, while the yield of eggplant planted by conventional fertilization + the slow-release fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-9 is not only higher than the theoretical value but also It is also far higher than that of conventional fertilization alone, so adopting the present invention to plant eggplant has a higher yield-increasing effect.
实验例2Experimental example 2
土壤重金属处理实验：Soil heavy metal treatment experiment:
以贵州省无污染的褐土为载体添加外源重金属污染物测其土层深度5-20cm处含Pb100mg/kg、Cd6mg/kg、Cr900mg/kg、Cu980mg/kg，将该土壤作为实验土壤，将本发明实施例中制备出的缓释肥投放入实验土壤中，15天后进行土壤土层深度5-20cm处重金属浓度检测，其检测结果如表2所示：Taking the pollution-free cinnamon soil of Guizhou Province as a carrier to add exogenous heavy metal pollutants to measure its soil layer depth of 5-20cm, it contains Pb100mg/kg, Cd6mg/kg, Cr900mg/kg, Cu980mg/kg, and this soil is used as the experimental soil. The slow-release fertilizer prepared in the embodiments of the present invention is put into the experimental soil, and after 15 days, the heavy metal concentration detection at the depth of 5-20 cm of the soil layer is carried out, and the detection results are as shown in Table 2:
表2土壤重金属处理实验结果Table 2 Experimental results of soil heavy metal treatment
由上可知，采用本发明实施例中制备出的缓释肥投放入实验土壤中15天后，土壤5-15cm处的重金属含量显著降低，说明了本缓释肥中含有的硫代硫化物与重金属离子发生反应生产沉淀，从而将重金属离子进行固定，阻止其通过淋溶和径流迁移，另外本缓释肥中的硫代硫化物还能将高价重金属离子还原成低价态，有效的降低其毒性和溶解性。As can be seen from the above, after the slow-release fertilizer prepared in the examples of the present invention was put into the experimental soil for 15 days, the heavy metal content at the 5-15cm place in the soil was significantly reduced, which shows that the thiosulfide and heavy metal contained in the slow-release fertilizer The ions react to produce precipitation, thereby fixing heavy metal ions and preventing them from migrating through leaching and runoff. In addition, the thiosulfide in this slow-release fertilizer can also reduce high-priced heavy metal ions to low-valent states, effectively reducing their toxicity. and solubility.
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| CN201611229512.0ACN106631478A (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | Slow-release fertilizer special for eggplants and preparation method of slow-release fertilizer |
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| CN201611229512.0ACN106631478A (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | Slow-release fertilizer special for eggplants and preparation method of slow-release fertilizer |
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