技术领域technical field
本发明属于无线组网技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于OFDM(Orthogonal FrequencyDivision Multiplexing，正交频分复用)技术的VHF(Very High Frequency，甚高频)无线通信组网路由协议，VHF甚高频是指频带在30MHz到300MHz的无线电电波。The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless networking, and in particular relates to a VHF (Very High Frequency, very high frequency) wireless communication networking routing protocol based on OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) technology, VHF very high frequency It refers to radio waves with a frequency band of 30MHz to 300MHz.
背景技术Background technique
无线组网是一种新型无线移动通信网，它不依赖于任何固定的网络基础设施，可以看作是由一组带有无线网络接口的移动主机组成的多跳的临时自治系统。Wireless networking is a new type of wireless mobile communication network, which does not depend on any fixed network infrastructure, and can be regarded as a multi-hop temporary autonomous system composed of a group of mobile hosts with wireless network interfaces.
参考文献《无线Ad Hoc网络体系结构与路由协议研究》中提到Ad Hoc协议有两种不同的网络结构，其平面结构的每一个节点都需要知道到达其他节点的路由，导致了自身的可伸缩性差；分级结构的节点功能强大，但是算法实现较为复杂且得到的路由通常不是最佳路由。The reference "Research on Wireless Ad Hoc Network Architecture and Routing Protocol" mentioned that the Ad Hoc protocol has two different network structures, and each node in its flat structure needs to know the route to other nodes, which leads to its own scalability. The performance is poor; the nodes of the hierarchical structure are powerful, but the algorithm implementation is more complicated and the route obtained is usually not the best route.
参考文献《超短波自组网网间路由协议设计与实现》中提出的KTRP协议虽然可以实现无线自组网，但是其在通信过程中使原本可以直接通信的节点必须通过其他节点的转发才能通信，即产生了迂回传输，降低了传输效率。Although the KTRP protocol proposed in the reference "Ultrashort wave ad hoc network inter-network routing protocol design and implementation" can realize the wireless ad hoc network, but in the communication process, the nodes that can communicate directly must be forwarded by other nodes to communicate. That is, detour transmission occurs, which reduces transmission efficiency.
而参考文献《无线自组织网络KTRP核心树路由协议优化研究》提出改进过后的KTRP协议虽然解决了这一问题的不足，但是在其信息传输过程中，传输功能单一，信息必须由最高级进行处理，不利于信息在传输过程中的多功能化。The reference "Research on Optimization of KTRP Core Tree Routing Protocol for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks" proposes that although the improved KTRP protocol solves this problem, in the process of information transmission, the transmission function is single, and the information must be processed by the highest level. , It is not conducive to the multi-functionalization of information in the transmission process.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种基于OFDM技术的VHF无线通信组网路由协议设计方法，能够降低普通组网的难度且提高了组网能力，用户无需再进行复杂的路由协议开发与设定，极大降低了实施成本。The present invention provides a VHF wireless communication networking routing protocol design method based on OFDM technology, which can reduce the difficulty of ordinary networking and improve networking capabilities, and users do not need to develop and set complex routing protocols, which greatly reduces Implementation costs.
为达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案予以实现。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve.
一种基于OFDM技术的VHF无线通信组网路由协议设计方法，其特征在于，所述VHF无线通信组网路由协议采用特定帧格式进行信息的传输；所述特定帧格式包含：信息起始位、信息长度位、子载波个数位、循环前缀长度位、调制方式位、纠错码类型指示位、信息等级位、信息地址位、信息数据位、信息校验位以及信息结束位；A VHF wireless communication networking routing protocol design method based on OFDM technology, characterized in that, the VHF wireless communication networking routing protocol uses a specific frame format to transmit information; the specific frame format includes: information start bit, Information length bit, subcarrier number bit, cyclic prefix length bit, modulation mode bit, error correction code type indicator bit, information level bit, information address bit, information data bit, information parity bit and information end bit;
其中，所述信息起始位用于指示一帧数据信息的开始；Wherein, the information start bit is used to indicate the beginning of a frame of data information;
所述信息长度位用于指示一帧数据信息从所述信息等级位到所述信息校验位的长度；The information length bit is used to indicate the length of a frame of data information from the information level bit to the information check bit;
所述子载波个数位用于指示在信息传输过程中，所述OFDM技术所采用的子载波个数；The number of subcarriers is used to indicate the number of subcarriers used by the OFDM technology during information transmission;
所述循环前缀长度位用于指示一个OFDM符号中循环前缀的长度；The cyclic prefix length bit is used to indicate the length of the cyclic prefix in one OFDM symbol;
所述调制方式位用于指示所述OFDM技术所采用的信号调制方式；The modulation mode bit is used to indicate the signal modulation mode adopted by the OFDM technology;
所述纠错码类型指示位用于指示所述OFDM技术中使用的纠错码类型；The error correction code type indication bit is used to indicate the error correction code type used in the OFDM technology;
所述信息等级位用于指示发送数据信息的设备在网络中的等级，或者用于指示所述数据信息在网络中的等级和发送所述数据信息的设备在网络中的等级；The information level bit is used to indicate the level of the device sending the data information in the network, or to indicate the level of the data information in the network and the level of the device sending the data information in the network;
所述信息地址位用于指示发送所述数据信息的设备在网络中的地址，以及所述数据信息到达的目的设备在网络中的地址；The information address bit is used to indicate the address in the network of the device sending the data information, and the address in the network of the destination device to which the data information arrives;
所述信息数据位用于指示所述数据信息在网络中传输的具体信息；The information data bit is used to indicate the specific information of the data information transmitted in the network;
所述信息校验位用于对所述数据信息在网络传输过程中的错误进行检测；The information parity bit is used to detect errors in the data information during network transmission;
所述信息结束位用于指示一帧数据信息的结束。The information end bit is used to indicate the end of a frame of data information.
本发明技术方案的特点和进一步的改进为：Features and further improvements of the technical solution of the present invention are:
(1)所述信息等级位包括设备等级位和数据信息等级位；(1) The information level bits include equipment level bits and data information level bits;
所述设备等级位用于指示发送数据信息的设备在网络中的等级；The device grade bit is used to indicate the grade of the device sending the data information in the network;
所述数据信息等级位用于指示所述数据信息在网络中的等级，以及发送所述数据信息的设备在网络中的等级。The data information level bit is used to indicate the level of the data information in the network, and the level of the device sending the data information in the network.
(2)所述OFDM技术所采用的信号调制方式至少包含：QPSK调制、16QAM调制、64QAM调制。(2) The signal modulation methods adopted by the OFDM technology at least include: QPSK modulation, 16QAM modulation, and 64QAM modulation.
(3)所述纠错码的类型包括：2/3码率的卷积码、1/2码率的卷积码、Turbo码、LDPC码。(3) The types of error correction codes include: 2/3 code rate convolutional codes, 1/2 code rate convolutional codes, Turbo codes, and LDPC codes.
(4)网络中的设备至少包括基站、中继路由器、终端；(4) The devices in the network include at least base stations, relay routers, and terminals;
所述基站在网络中的设备等级为最高等级；直接接收所述基站发送的信息的中继路由器在网络中的设备等级为一级中继路由，需要经过N次转发才能接收所述基站发送的信息的中继路由器在网络中的设备等级为N-1级中继路由，所述终端在网络中的设备等级为最低等级。The equipment level of the base station in the network is the highest level; the equipment level of the relay router that directly receives the information sent by the base station in the network is a first-level relay router, and it needs N times of forwarding to receive the information sent by the base station. The equipment level of the information relay router in the network is an N-1 level relay router, and the equipment level of the terminal in the network is the lowest level.
(5)具有相同设备等级的设备之间需要相互发送数据信息时，则允许直接相互转发数据信息；(5) When devices with the same equipment level need to send data information to each other, they are allowed to directly forward data information to each other;
高等级设备与跨等级的低等级设备之间需要相互发送数据信息时，允许高等级设备直接跨等级向所述低等级设备发送数据信息，或者低等级设备直接跨等级向所述高等级设备发送数据信息。When a high-level device and a cross-level low-level device need to send data information to each other, the high-level device is allowed to directly send data information to the low-level device across levels, or the low-level device directly sends data information to the high-level device across levels Data information.
(6)所述数据信息等级位的设定分为两种模式：(6) The setting of the data information level bit is divided into two modes:
第一种模式：不设定所述数据信息等级位；The first mode: the data information level bit is not set;
在该种模式下，网络中的中继路由器只对数据信息进行转发；将基站发送的数据信息转发至终端，或者将终端发送的数据信息转发至基站；In this mode, the relay router in the network only forwards the data information; forwards the data information sent by the base station to the terminal, or forwards the data information sent by the terminal to the base station;
第二种模式：设定所述数据信息等级位；The second mode: setting the data information level bit;
在该种模式下，若终端发送的数据信息等级位高于中继路由器的设备等级位，则所述中继路由器将所述数据信息向上一级设备转发；In this mode, if the level bit of the data information sent by the terminal is higher than the equipment level bit of the relay router, the relay router forwards the data information to the upper-level device;
若终端发送的数据信息等级位低于中继路由器的设备等级位，则所述中继路由器对所述数据信息进行相应的处理，而不用将所述数据信息向上一级设备转发。If the level bit of the data information sent by the terminal is lower than the equipment level bit of the relay router, the relay router performs corresponding processing on the data information without forwarding the data information to an upper-level device.
本发明提供一种基于OFDM技术的VHF无线通信组网路由协议设计方法，该路由协议采用特定的帧格式进行组网设计，包括信息起始位、信息长度位、信息等级位、信息地址位、信息数据位、信息校验位以及信息结束位；信息等级位又包括设备等级位和数据信息等级位；采用本发明所提供的VHF组网路由协议后，不仅提高了组网能力，而且避免了普通组网的高复杂度。The present invention provides a method for designing a VHF wireless communication networking routing protocol based on OFDM technology. The routing protocol adopts a specific frame format for networking design, including information start bits, information length bits, information level bits, information address bits, Information data bits, information parity bits and information end bits; information level bits include equipment level bits and data information level bits; after adopting the VHF networking routing protocol provided by the present invention, it not only improves the networking ability, but also avoids High complexity of common networking.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1为本发明实施例提供的VHF无线通信组网路由协议采用的特定帧格式示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the specific frame format adopted by the VHF wireless communication networking routing protocol provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例所采用的组网方式示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a networking mode adopted in an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
OFDM主要思想是：将信道分成若干正交子信道，将高速数据信号转换成并行的低速子数据流，调制到在每个子信道上进行传输。正交信号可以在接收端通过相关技术来分开，这样可减少子信道之间的相互干扰。每个子信道上的信号带宽小于信道的相关带宽，因此每个子信道上可以看成平坦性衰落，从而可以消除码间串扰，而且由于每个子信道的带宽仅仅是原信道带宽的一小部分，信道均衡变得相对容易。The main idea of OFDM is: divide the channel into several orthogonal sub-channels, convert high-speed data signals into parallel low-speed sub-data streams, and modulate them for transmission on each sub-channel. Orthogonal signals can be separated by correlation techniques at the receiving end, which can reduce mutual interference between sub-channels. The signal bandwidth on each sub-channel is smaller than the relevant bandwidth of the channel, so each sub-channel can be regarded as flat fading, which can eliminate intersymbol interference, and because the bandwidth of each sub-channel is only a small part of the original channel bandwidth, the channel Equilibrium becomes relatively easy.
本发明实施例提供一种基于OFDM技术的VHF无线通信组网路由协议设计方法，所述VHF无线通信组网路由协议采用特定帧格式进行信息的传输；如图1所示，The embodiment of the present invention provides a VHF wireless communication network routing protocol design method based on OFDM technology, the VHF wireless communication network routing protocol uses a specific frame format for information transmission; as shown in Figure 1,
所述特定帧格式包含：信息起始位、信息长度位、子载波个数位、循环前缀长度位、调制方式位、纠错码类型指示位、信息等级位、信息地址位、信息数据位、信息校验位以及信息结束位；The specific frame format includes: information start bit, information length bit, subcarrier number bit, cyclic prefix length bit, modulation mode bit, error correction code type indicator bit, information level bit, information address bit, information data bit, information Check digit and end of message;
其中，所述信息起始位用于指示一帧数据信息的开始；Wherein, the information start bit is used to indicate the beginning of a frame of data information;
所述信息长度位用于指示一帧数据信息从所述信息等级位到所述信息校验位的长度；The information length bit is used to indicate the length of a frame of data information from the information level bit to the information check bit;
所述子载波个数位用于指示在信息传输过程中，所述OFDM技术所采用的子载波个数；The number of subcarriers is used to indicate the number of subcarriers used by the OFDM technology during information transmission;
所述循环前缀长度位用于指示一个OFDM符号中循环前缀的长度；The cyclic prefix length bit is used to indicate the length of the cyclic prefix in one OFDM symbol;
所述调制方式位用于指示所述OFDM技术所采用的信号调制方式；The modulation mode bit is used to indicate the signal modulation mode adopted by the OFDM technology;
所述OFDM技术所采用的信号调制方式至少包含：QPSK调制、16QAM调制、64QAM调制。The signal modulation methods adopted by the OFDM technology at least include: QPSK modulation, 16QAM modulation, and 64QAM modulation.
所述纠错码类型指示位用于指示所述OFDM技术中使用的纠错码类型；The error correction code type indication bit is used to indicate the error correction code type used in the OFDM technology;
所述纠错码的类型包括：2/3码率的卷积码、1/2码率的卷积码、Turbo码、LDPC码。The types of error correction codes include: 2/3 code rate convolutional codes, 1/2 code rate convolutional codes, Turbo codes, and LDPC codes.
所述信息等级位用于指示发送数据信息的设备在网络中的等级，或者用于指示所述数据信息在网络中的等级和发送所述数据信息的设备在网络中的等级；The information level bit is used to indicate the level of the device sending the data information in the network, or to indicate the level of the data information in the network and the level of the device sending the data information in the network;
所述信息地址位用于指示发送所述数据信息的设备在网络中的地址，以及所述数据信息到达的目的设备在网络中的地址；The information address bit is used to indicate the address in the network of the device sending the data information, and the address in the network of the destination device to which the data information arrives;
所述信息数据位用于指示所述数据信息在网络中传输的具体信息；The information data bit is used to indicate the specific information of the data information transmitted in the network;
所述信息校验位用于对所述数据信息在网络传输过程中的错误进行检测；The information parity bit is used to detect errors in the data information during network transmission;
所述信息结束位用于指示一帧数据信息的结束。The information end bit is used to indicate the end of a frame of data information.
具体的，所述信息等级位包括设备等级位和数据信息等级位；Specifically, the information level bits include equipment level bits and data information level bits;
所述设备等级位用于指示发送数据信息的设备在网络中的等级；The device grade bit is used to indicate the grade of the device sending the data information in the network;
所述数据信息等级位用于指示所述数据信息在网络中的等级，以及发送所述数据信息的设备在网络中的等级。The data information level bit is used to indicate the level of the data information in the network, and the level of the device sending the data information in the network.
又具体的，网络中的设备至少包括基站、中继路由器、终端；Also specifically, the devices in the network include at least a base station, a relay router, and a terminal;
所述基站在网络中的设备等级为最高等级；直接接收所述基站发送的信息的中继路由器在网络中的设备等级为一级中继路由，需要经过N次转发才能接收所述基站发送的信息的中继路由器在网络中的设备等级为N-1级中继路由，所述终端在网络中的设备等级为最低等级。The equipment level of the base station in the network is the highest level; the equipment level of the relay router that directly receives the information sent by the base station in the network is a first-level relay router, and it needs N times of forwarding to receive the information sent by the base station. The equipment level of the information relay router in the network is an N-1 level relay router, and the equipment level of the terminal in the network is the lowest level.
需要说明的是，具有相同设备等级的设备之间需要相互发送数据信息时，则可以直接相互转发数据信息；It should be noted that when devices with the same device level need to send data information to each other, they can directly forward data information to each other;
高等级设备与跨等级的低等级设备之间需要相互发送数据信息时，高等级设备可以直接跨等级向所述低等级设备发送数据信息，或者低等级设备可以直接跨等级向所述高等级设备发送数据信息。When a high-level device and a cross-level low-level device need to send data information to each other, the high-level device can directly send data information to the low-level device across levels, or the low-level device can directly send data information to the high-level device across levels. Send data message.
上述关于设备之间跨等级传输的前提是，跨等级的两个设备在物理位置上距离比较近。The premise of the above-mentioned cross-level transmission between devices is that the physical distance between two cross-level devices is relatively close.
所述信息地址位用于指示发送所述数据信息的设备在网络中的地址，以及所述数据信息到达的目的设备在网络中的地址。The information address bits are used to indicate the address in the network of the device sending the data information, and the address in the network of the destination device to which the data information arrives.
还需要说明的是，所述数据信息等级位的设定分为两种模式：It should also be noted that the setting of the data information level bit is divided into two modes:
第一种模式：不设定所述数据信息等级位；The first mode: the data information level bit is not set;
在该种模式下，网络中的中继路由器只对数据信息进行转发；将基站发送的数据信息转发至终端，或者将终端发送的数据信息转发至基站；In this mode, the relay router in the network only forwards the data information; forwards the data information sent by the base station to the terminal, or forwards the data information sent by the terminal to the base station;
第二种模式：设定所述数据信息等级位；The second mode: setting the data information level bit;
在该种模式下，若终端发送的数据信息等级位高于中继路由器的设备等级位，则所述中继路由器将所述数据信息向上一级设备转发；In this mode, if the level bit of the data information sent by the terminal is higher than the equipment level bit of the relay router, the relay router forwards the data information to the upper-level device;
若终端发送的数据信息等级位低于中继路由器的设备等级位，则所述中继路由器对所述数据信息进行相应的处理，而不用将所述数据信息向上一级设备转发。If the level bit of the data information sent by the terminal is lower than the equipment level bit of the relay router, the relay router performs corresponding processing on the data information without forwarding the data information to an upper-level device.
所述信息数据位用于指示所述数据信息在网络中传输的具体信息；The information data bit is used to indicate the specific information of the data information transmitted in the network;
所述信息校验位用于对所述数据信息在网络传输过程中的错误进行检测；通过一帧数据信息中的其他位计算而得，用于检验所述一帧数据信息的正确性。The information parity bit is used to detect errors in the data information during network transmission; it is calculated from other bits in a frame of data information, and is used to check the correctness of the one frame of data information.
所述信息结束位用于指示一帧数据信息的结束。The information end bit is used to indicate the end of a frame of data information.
示例性的，如图2所示为本发明实施例所采用的组网方式，距离较近的终端信息可以直接通过一级中继路由传输至基站完成信息的交互，不一定需要经过二级中继路由；距离较远的终端信息由二级中继路由通过一级中继路由传输至基站完成信息的交互。Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 2 , the networking mode adopted by the embodiment of the present invention is shown. The terminal information with a relatively short distance can be directly transmitted to the base station through the first-level relay route to complete the information interaction, and does not necessarily need to go through the second-level intermediate relay. Relay routing; terminal information with a long distance is transmitted to the base station through the second-level relay route through the first-level relay route to complete the information interaction.
如图2所示，在数据信息等级位的设定可以区分为两种模式：一种模式为不区分信息等级位。中继路由设备只起传输作用，基站的发送命令始终由基站节点通过中继路由传输至终端设备，终端设备的回复命令始终由终端设备通过中继路由传输至基站节点。发送命令由高等级向低等级传输，回复命令由低等级向高等级传输。另一种模式为区分信息等级位。中继路由设备的功能包括传输信息(中继路由功能)和处理信息(基站功能)。如果数据信息等级高于中继路由的设备等级，则中继路由设备处于中继路由功能，用于传输信息；如果数据信息等级低于中继路由设备等级，则中继路由设备处于基站功能，用于处理信息。As shown in Figure 2, the setting of the data information level bits can be divided into two modes: one mode does not distinguish the information level bits. The relay routing device only plays the role of transmission. The sending command of the base station is always transmitted to the terminal device by the base station node through the relay route, and the reply command of the terminal device is always transmitted by the terminal device to the base station node through the relay route. The sending command is transmitted from the high level to the low level, and the reply command is transmitted from the low level to the high level. Another mode is to distinguish the information level bit. The functions of the relay routing device include transmitting information (relay routing function) and processing information (base station function). If the level of data information is higher than the level of relay routing equipment, the relay routing equipment is in the function of relay routing for information transmission; if the level of data information is lower than the level of relay routing equipment, the relay routing equipment is in the base station function, used to process information.
如图2所示，一种情况为网络场景较简单，则采用不区分数据信息等级位的方法。在这种情况下，不同的信息之间不区分等级，信息始终由终端通过中继路由传输至基站，在基站进行相应处理后通过中继路由返回至终端，完成信息的处理与传输。另一种情况为网络场景较复杂，则采用区分数据信息等级位的方法。在这种情况下，不同的数据信息根据用户的需求可以设定其等级位。示例性的，较简单、无需传输至基站节点处理的数据信息可以设置为较低等级；较复杂、必须由更高等级设备处理的信息可以设置为较高等级。根据数据信息等级位与设备等级位的设定，数据信息无需传输至基站节点即可完成信息的交互，实现了组网的多功能化。对传输信息的具体处理措施由用户设定，不同用户、不同场景对信息的处理不同。As shown in FIG. 2 , in a case where the network scene is relatively simple, a method of not distinguishing data information level bits is adopted. In this case, there is no distinction between different levels of information, and the information is always transmitted from the terminal to the base station through the relay route. After the base station performs corresponding processing, it returns to the terminal through the relay route to complete the information processing and transmission. Another situation is that the network scene is more complicated, and the method of distinguishing the bit of data information level is adopted. In this case, different data information can set its level bit according to the needs of users. Exemplarily, data information that is relatively simple and does not need to be transmitted to the base station node for processing can be set to a lower level; more complex information that must be processed by a higher-level device can be set to a higher level. According to the setting of the data information level bit and the equipment level bit, the data information can complete the information interaction without being transmitted to the base station node, realizing the multi-functionalization of the networking. The specific processing measures for the transmitted information are set by the user, and different users and different scenarios handle the information differently.
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Anyone skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.
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| CN201611120901.XACN106535230B (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | VHF wireless communication network Design of Routing Protocol method based on OFDM technology |
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| CN201611120901.XACN106535230B (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | VHF wireless communication network Design of Routing Protocol method based on OFDM technology |
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