技术领域technical field
本发明涉及智能汽车安全预警领域，特别是涉及一种高威胁车辆监测预警系统及预警方法。The invention relates to the field of intelligent vehicle safety early warning, in particular to a high-threat vehicle monitoring and early warning system and early warning method.
背景技术Background technique
高威胁车辆是指在行驶过程中发生交通事故概率较大，严重威胁交通安全的车辆。常见的高威胁车辆有危险品运输车、渣土运输车、长途货运车、学员车，以及强行违反驾车规定行驶(如超速、超载、酒驾等)，频繁发生交通事故(且被判负主要责任)的车辆。高威胁车辆在行驶过程中，一方面由于车型本身的原因(如车辆尺寸过大、重量大、视野不好等)，另一方面由于驾驶员存在的违规驾驶的习惯(如超速、违章变道、强行超车等)，使得这类车辆遇到突发情况时，发生交通事故概率大大高于其他车辆，并且会对人身和财产造成严重伤害。因此，日常驾驶中，如果驾驶员能够提前发现高威胁的车辆，就能够提前避让，有效减少事故发生率。High-threat vehicles refer to vehicles that have a high probability of traffic accidents during driving and seriously threaten traffic safety. Common high-threat vehicles include dangerous goods transport vehicles, muck transport vehicles, long-distance freight vehicles, student vehicles, and driving in violation of driving regulations (such as speeding, overloading, drunk driving, etc.), frequent traffic accidents (and were sentenced to bear the main responsibility )Vehicles. During the driving process of high-threat vehicles, on the one hand, due to the reasons of the model itself (such as the vehicle size is too large, heavy, poor vision, etc.), on the other hand, due to the driver's illegal driving habits (such as speeding, illegal lane changing, etc.) , forced overtaking, etc.), so that when this type of vehicle encounters an emergency, the probability of a traffic accident is much higher than that of other vehicles, and it will cause serious injury to people and property. Therefore, in daily driving, if the driver can detect high-threat vehicles in advance, he can avoid them in advance and effectively reduce the accident rate.
车辆号牌是车辆唯一身份证，因此，仅需要知道车牌号码信息，就能够在互联网上查询到与车牌对应的车辆的车型信息、近期违章信息、事故处理信息等。而车牌识别是现代智能交通系统中的重要组成部分之一，技术相对较成熟，而且应用十分广泛。它以数字图像处理、模式识别、计算机视觉等技术为基础，对摄像机所拍摄的车辆图像或者视频序列进行分析，得到每一辆汽车唯一的车牌号码，从而完成识别过程。通过车牌的识别，得到车牌号码信息，再根据车牌号码信息在互联网中查询到与车牌相对应车辆的车型信息、近期违章信息、事故处理信息等，根据这些信息可判断车辆在行驶中对周围车辆的威胁程度。The vehicle number plate is the only ID card of the vehicle. Therefore, only need to know the license plate number information, you can query the vehicle model information, recent violation information, accident handling information, etc. corresponding to the license plate on the Internet. The license plate recognition is one of the important components of the modern intelligent transportation system, the technology is relatively mature, and it is widely used. Based on digital image processing, pattern recognition, computer vision and other technologies, it analyzes the vehicle images or video sequences captured by the camera, and obtains the unique license plate number of each car, thus completing the recognition process. Through the identification of the license plate, the license plate number information is obtained, and then according to the license plate number information, the vehicle model information, recent violation information, accident handling information, etc. of the vehicle corresponding to the license plate can be queried on the Internet. level of threat.
目前国内汽车预警系统主要使用GPS测速、毫米波雷达系统、红外测距系统、激光测距技术等来监测车辆相互间的距离，当两车间距离低于安全距离时，预警系统发出报警或主动介入制动。该方法只监测两车间的距离，如果系统预警距离阀值设定过高，系统的误报率会非常高，如果系统预警距离阀值设定过低，留给驾驶员或系统反应时间过短，事故发生时，无法有效保证人、车安全，同时这种系统存在成本高昂、通用性差等缺陷。At present, the domestic automobile early warning system mainly uses GPS speed measurement, millimeter wave radar system, infrared ranging system, laser ranging technology, etc. to monitor the distance between vehicles. When the distance between two vehicles is lower than the safe distance, the early warning system will issue an alarm or actively intervene brake. This method only monitors the distance between the two workshops. If the system early warning distance threshold is set too high, the false alarm rate of the system will be very high. If the system early warning distance threshold is set too low, the time left for the driver or the system to react is too short , when an accident occurs, it is impossible to effectively guarantee the safety of people and vehicles. At the same time, this system has defects such as high cost and poor versatility.
本发明的不同之处在于提取周围环境中车辆的车牌号码信息，得到与车牌号码对应的车型信息、违章信息、事故信息；同时，利用图像处理技术，计算出前后车辆的车速信息和两车的车距信息等，根据获得的信息综合判断所述前后车辆对所述车辆的威胁程度，对于高威胁的车辆提前预警，提醒驾驶员注意，减少交通事故发生概率。The difference of the present invention is that the license plate number information of vehicles in the surrounding environment is extracted, and the vehicle type information, violation information, and accident information corresponding to the license plate number are obtained; Vehicle distance information, etc., according to the obtained information, comprehensively judge the threat level of the front and rear vehicles to the vehicle, and provide early warning for high-threat vehicles to remind the driver to pay attention to reduce the probability of traffic accidents.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种高威胁车辆监测预警系统，用以解决现有技术中车辆无法实时监测周围环境中的高威胁车辆，不能提前提醒驾驶员注意避让的缺陷。采用的技术方案如下：The invention provides a monitoring and early warning system for high-threat vehicles, which is used to solve the defects in the prior art that vehicles cannot monitor high-threat vehicles in the surrounding environment in real time and cannot remind drivers in advance to pay attention to avoidance. The technical scheme adopted is as follows:
一种高威胁车辆监测预警系统，包括：信息识别模块、数据通信模块，信息处理判断模块、提示预警模块四部分组成。A monitoring and early warning system for high-threat vehicles, including: an information identification module, a data communication module, an information processing and judgment module, and a prompt and early warning module.
所述信息识别模块包括：车前后的两个高清摄像机、图像采集卡、处理器、通信接口等四部分组成；所述摄像机与所述图像采集卡连接，所述图像采集卡与所述处理器连接，所述处理器与所述通信接口连接；摄像机拍摄车辆前后图像，通过所述图像采集卡对图像进行数字编码，再利用所述处理器对图像信息进行分析处理，得出图像中同一车辆的车牌号码信息、车速信息和车距信息，通过通信接口把所述车牌号码信息传递给所述数据通信模块，把车速信息和车距信息传递给所述信息处理判断模块。The information identification module includes: two high-definition cameras at the front and rear of the car, an image acquisition card, a processor, and a communication interface; the cameras are connected to the image acquisition card, and the image acquisition card is connected to the processor connected, the processor is connected to the communication interface; the camera takes pictures of the front and rear images of the vehicle, digitally encodes the images through the image acquisition card, and then uses the processor to analyze and process the image information to obtain the same vehicle in the image The license plate number information, vehicle speed information and vehicle distance information are transmitted to the data communication module through the communication interface, and the vehicle speed information and vehicle distance information are transmitted to the information processing and judgment module.
所述数据通信模块包括：信息发射单元、互联网信息查询单元、信息接收单元；所述信息发射单元，将所述车牌号码信息发送至所述互联网信息查询单元，所述互联网信息查询单元查询到所述车牌号码对应车辆的车型信息、近期违章信息和事故处理等信息，并将上述信息返回至信息接收单元，信息接收单元与信息处理判断模块相连。The data communication module includes: an information transmitting unit, an Internet information query unit, and an information receiving unit; the information transmitting unit sends the license plate number information to the Internet information query unit, and the Internet information query unit queries all The license plate number corresponds to vehicle model information, recent violation information and accident handling information, and returns the above information to the information receiving unit, which is connected to the information processing and judging module.
所述信息处理判断模块，根据所述车牌号码对应车辆的车型信息、近期违章信息和事故处理信息和由所述通信接口传递来的车速信息与车距信息等信息，综合判断所述周围环境中车辆是否属于高威胁车辆。The information processing and judging module comprehensively judges the vehicle in the surrounding environment according to the car model information of the vehicle corresponding to the license plate number, the recent violation information and accident handling information, and the vehicle speed information and vehicle distance information transmitted by the communication interface. Whether the vehicle is a high threat vehicle.
所述提示预警模块，包括：语音报警器和显示屏组成，若判断所述周围环境中车辆为高威胁车辆，则发出用于提醒驾驶员注意周围车辆的信息，并在显示屏中显示车距信息。The prompt and early warning module includes: a voice alarm and a display screen. If it is judged that the vehicle in the surrounding environment is a high-threat vehicle, it will send out information for reminding the driver to pay attention to the surrounding vehicles, and display the vehicle distance on the display screen. information.
基于上述预警洗洗，本发明还提出了一种高威胁车辆监测预警方法，包括如下步骤：Based on the above-mentioned early warning washing, the present invention also proposes a high-threat vehicle monitoring and early warning method, including the following steps:
S1，获取所述前后车辆的车牌信息、车距信息和车速信息；S1, acquiring license plate information, vehicle distance information and vehicle speed information of the front and rear vehicles;
S2，将所述车牌信息与互联网通讯得到所述前后车辆的车型、违章和事故信息；S2, communicating the license plate information with the Internet to obtain the vehicle type, violation and accident information of the front and rear vehicles;
S3，综合所述前后车辆的车型、违章和事故信息与车距信息和车速信息的情况判断所述前后车辆是否为高威胁车辆；S3, judging whether the front and rear vehicles are high-threat vehicles based on the vehicle type, violation and accident information, vehicle distance information, and vehicle speed information of the front and rear vehicles;
S4，若判断所述前后车辆中存在属于高威胁车辆，发出用于提醒所述正常行驶车辆驾驶员的警示音，并在显示屏上显示所述高威胁车辆与所述正常行驶车辆的距离。S4. If it is judged that there is a high-threat vehicle among the front and rear vehicles, emit a warning sound for reminding the driver of the normal-driving vehicle, and display the distance between the high-threat vehicle and the normal-driving vehicle on a display screen.
进一步，所述步骤S1的实现包括：通过车辆前后两个摄像机实时监控前方、后方的图像，获取有用图像信息；通过计算机视频图像识别技术，对摄像机获取图像进行车牌提取、图像预处理、特征提取、车牌字符识别技术，得到车牌号码、车型信息；采用图像对比技术，精确推算出周围环境中车辆的车速和车距信息。Further, the implementation of step S1 includes: monitoring the front and rear images in real time through two cameras at the front and rear of the vehicle to obtain useful image information; using computer video image recognition technology to perform license plate extraction, image preprocessing, and feature extraction on the images acquired by the cameras , License plate character recognition technology to obtain license plate number and vehicle model information; use image comparison technology to accurately calculate the speed and distance information of vehicles in the surrounding environment.
进一步，获得环境中车速的方法还可采用多普勒雷达测量；将两个测速雷达分别安装在行驶车辆的前方和后方，用于测量出周围环境中车辆的相对车速。Further, the method of obtaining the speed of the vehicle in the environment can also be measured by Doppler radar; two speed measuring radars are respectively installed in front and rear of the driving vehicle to measure the relative speed of the vehicle in the surrounding environment.
进一步，获得环境中车距的方法还可采用：利用安装在车辆前、后两个激光测距仪测量行驶车辆与周围环境中车辆的距离；或者，采用微波测距雷达对行驶车辆周围360°范围内实时测量，获得行驶车辆与周围环境中车辆间的距离；或者，利用车辆前、后2个红外线测距仪测出行驶车辆与前方、后方物体的性质及其与本车的距离。Further, the method of obtaining the distance between vehicles in the environment can also be adopted: using two laser range finders installed in front and behind the vehicle to measure the distance between the driving vehicle and the vehicles in the surrounding environment; Real-time measurement within the range to obtain the distance between the driving vehicle and the vehicles in the surrounding environment; or, use the two infrared range finders at the front and rear of the vehicle to measure the properties of the driving vehicle and the objects in front and behind as well as the distance to the vehicle.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
通过对所述车牌号码信息、车速信息和车距信息实时的监测，判断周围是否有高威胁车辆，提醒车辆驾驶员注意减速、避让高威胁车辆，减少交通事故发生；能够根据识别车牌号码信息，获取车辆驾驶习惯信息(如违章肇事历史信息、事故处理历史信息和车型信息)，同时结合车速与车距信息，综合判断所述周围环境中车辆是否属于高威胁车辆，判别方法简单、易于实现，大大提前了预警时间，降低事故发生概率。Through the real-time monitoring of the license plate number information, vehicle speed information and vehicle distance information, it is judged whether there are high-threat vehicles around, and the vehicle driver is reminded to slow down and avoid high-threat vehicles, so as to reduce traffic accidents; it can identify the license plate number information, Obtain vehicle driving habit information (such as history information of violations and accidents, accident handling history information, and vehicle type information), and combine vehicle speed and distance information to comprehensively judge whether the vehicle in the surrounding environment is a high-threat vehicle. The method of discrimination is simple and easy to implement. The early warning time is greatly advanced, reducing the probability of accidents.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种高威胁车辆监测方法流程图；Fig. 1 is a kind of high-threat vehicle monitoring method flowchart of the present invention;
图2为本发明一种高威胁车辆预警装置结构图；Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a high-threat vehicle early warning device of the present invention;
图3为所述系统监测过程示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the system monitoring process;
图4为所述信息识别模块系统框图。Fig. 4 is a system block diagram of the information identification module.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明一种高威胁车辆监测预警系统作进一步详细说明。A high-threat vehicle monitoring and early warning system of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
图1为发明一种高威胁车辆监测预警系统流程图，包括：01获取所述前后车辆的车牌信息、车距信息和车速信息等；02将所述车牌信息与互联网通讯得到所述前后车辆的车型、违章和事故信息；03综合所述前后车辆的车型、违章和事故信息与车距信息和车速信息的情况判断所述前后车辆是否为高威胁车辆；04若判断所述前后车辆属于高威胁车辆，发出用于提醒所述正常行驶车辆驾驶员的警示音，并在显示屏上显示所述高威胁车辆与所述正常行驶车辆的距离。Fig. 1 is a flow chart of inventing a high-threat vehicle monitoring and early warning system, including: 01 obtaining the license plate information, distance information and speed information of the preceding and following vehicles; 02 communicating the license plate information with the Internet to obtain the information of the preceding and preceding vehicles Vehicle type, violation and accident information; 03 Synthesize the vehicle type, violation and accident information, distance information and speed information of the front and rear vehicles to determine whether the front and rear vehicles are high-threat vehicles; 04 If it is judged that the front and rear vehicles are high-threat vehicles The vehicle emits a warning sound for reminding the driver of the normal driving vehicle, and displays the distance between the high threat vehicle and the normal driving vehicle on a display screen.
图2为本发明一种高威胁车辆预警装置结构图，包括：信息识别模块、数据通信模块，信息处理判断模块、提示预警模块四部分组成；所述信息处理判断模块分别与所述信息识别模块、所述数据通信模块、所述提示预警模块相连。Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a high-threat vehicle early warning device of the present invention, comprising: an information identification module, a data communication module, an information processing judgment module, and a prompt early warning module; , the data communication module, and the prompt and early warning module are connected.
图3为所述系统监测过程示意图，通过车辆前后两个摄像机实时监控前方/后方的图像，获取有用图像信息；图4为所述信息识别模块系统框图，通过计算机视频图像识别技术，对摄像机获取图像进行车牌提取、图像预处理、特征提取、车牌字符识别等技术，得到车牌号码、车型等信息；同时，使用图像对比技术，能够精确的推算出周围环境中车辆的车速和车距信息。Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of described system monitoring process, monitors the front/rear image in real time through two cameras before and after the vehicle, obtains useful image information; Fig. 4 is the system block diagram of described information recognition module, through computer video image recognition technology, obtains to camera Carry out license plate extraction, image preprocessing, feature extraction, license plate character recognition and other technologies on the image to obtain license plate number, vehicle model and other information; at the same time, use image comparison technology to accurately calculate the speed and distance information of vehicles in the surrounding environment.
获取车辆的实时车速的方法还有很多，本发明中还可以使用多普勒雷达测量，两个测速雷达分别安装在行驶车辆的前方和后方，用于测量出周围环境中车辆的相对车速，通过信息输出接口将车速信息传递给信息处理判断模块。There are also many ways to obtain the real-time vehicle speed of the vehicle. In the present invention, Doppler radar can also be used to measure. Two speed-measuring radars are respectively installed in front and rear of the vehicle for measuring the relative vehicle speed of the vehicle in the surrounding environment. The information output interface transmits the vehicle speed information to the information processing and judging module.
获取车距信息的方法同样可以使用以下几种：The following methods can also be used to obtain vehicle distance information:
(1)利用安装与车辆前、后两个激光测距仪测量行驶车辆与周围环境中车辆的距离；(1) Measure the distance between the driving vehicle and the vehicles in the surrounding environment by using the two laser rangefinders installed in front of and behind the vehicle;
(2)使用微波测距雷达，实现对行驶车辆周围360°范围内实时测量，且探测距离远、运行可靠、测量性能受天气等外界因素的影响较小，获得行驶车辆与周围环境中车辆间的距离、相对速度；(2) Use microwave ranging radar to realize real-time measurement within 360° around the driving vehicle, and the detection distance is long, the operation is reliable, the measurement performance is less affected by external factors such as weather, and the distance between the driving vehicle and the vehicle in the surrounding environment is obtained. distance, relative speed;
(3)通过行车车辆前、后2个红外线测距仪测出行驶车辆与前、后方物体的性质及其与本车的距离；(3) Measure the nature of the driving vehicle and the objects in front and behind and the distance to the vehicle through the two infrared rangefinders in front and behind the driving vehicle;
(4)利用所述摄像机实时拍摄前、后方的图像，通过分析抓拍的同一车牌不同时刻的两幅图片，利用处理器计算出两车的距离；(4) Utilize described video camera to shoot the image of front and rear in real time, by analyzing the two pictures of the same license plate captured at different moments, utilize processor to calculate the distance of two cars;
使用以上方法获得车距信息后，再通过信息输出接口将信息传递给所述信息处理判断模块。After the vehicle distance information is obtained by using the above method, the information is transmitted to the information processing and judging module through the information output interface.
所述数据通信模块，包括：信息发射单元、互联网信息查询单元、信息接收单元；所述信息发射单元，将所述车牌号码信息发送至所述互联网信息查询单元，所述互联网信息查询单元查询到所述车牌号码对应车辆的违章历史信息、事故处理信息和车型信息，并将所述信息返回至信息接收单元，信息接收单元与信息处理判断模块相连。本发明中信息的发送和接受利用4G通讯技术。The data communication module includes: an information transmitting unit, an Internet information query unit, and an information receiving unit; the information transmitting unit sends the license plate number information to the Internet information query unit, and the Internet information query unit queries The license plate number corresponds to the violation history information, accident handling information and vehicle model information of the vehicle, and the information is returned to the information receiving unit, which is connected to the information processing and judging module. The sending and receiving of information in the present invention utilizes 4G communication technology.
所述信息处理判断模块，将获取的车型信息、违章历史信息、事故处理历史信息、车速信息和车距信息等综合进行分析，根据不同信息情况，设定各项不同的单项阈值，例如，将单项信息按照威胁程度分为轻度威胁、中度威胁和高度威胁三个等级，每个等级对应一个阀值，根据车型的不同，将危险品运输车、渣土运输车定为高度威胁，长途货运车、长途客运车等定为中度威胁，轿车、小货车等定为轻度威胁；根据违章数量不同，将4～6次/年的判定为轻度威胁，7～10次/年判定为中度威胁，大于10次/年的判定为高度威胁。根据事故次数不同，将1～2次/年定为轻度威胁，3～4次/年判定为中度威胁，大于4次/年的判定为高度威胁；车速信息分类时，根据当前所在路段最大行驶车速设定阀值，车速在路段最大行驶速度80％～100％的车辆定为轻度威胁，车速在最大行驶速度100％～120％范围内的车辆定为中度威胁，车速大于路段最大行驶速度120％的车辆定为高度威胁；车距信息，当车距超过30～50米时设定为轻度威胁，10～30米设定为中度威胁，小于10米设定为高度威胁。如果监测的任何一项信息达到或超过高度威胁等级设定的阈值时，就判断该车辆为高威胁车辆；当车辆五项信息中，有三项达到中度威胁而没有达到高度威胁时，判断该车辆为高威胁车辆；当车辆五项信息中，全部为轻度威胁时，判断该车辆为高威胁车辆。本发明信息处理判断模块采用单片机实现。The information processing judgment module comprehensively analyzes the obtained vehicle type information, violation history information, accident handling history information, vehicle speed information and vehicle distance information, and sets different individual thresholds according to different information situations, for example, setting Individual information is divided into three grades of light threat, medium threat and high threat according to the degree of threat. Each grade corresponds to a threshold value. Freight vehicles, long-distance passenger vehicles, etc. are defined as moderate threats, and cars, small trucks, etc. are defined as light threats; depending on the number of violations, 4 to 6 violations per year are judged as mild threats, and 7 to 10 violations per year are judged as mild threats It is a moderate threat, and more than 10 times/year is judged as a high threat. According to the number of accidents, 1-2 accidents/year are considered as mild threats, 3-4 accidents/year are judged as moderate threats, and those with more than 4 accidents/year are judged as high threats; when classifying the vehicle speed information, according to the current road section The threshold value of the maximum driving speed is set. Vehicles whose speed is 80% to 100% of the maximum driving speed of the road section are regarded as mild threats, and vehicles whose speeds are within the range of 100% to 120% of the maximum driving speed are regarded as moderate threats. Vehicles with a maximum driving speed of 120% are defined as a high threat; vehicle distance information, when the vehicle distance exceeds 30-50 meters, it is set as a mild threat, 10-30 meters is set as a moderate threat, and less than 10 meters is set as a height threaten. If any of the monitored information reaches or exceeds the threshold set by the high threat level, it is judged that the vehicle is a high threat vehicle; The vehicle is a high-threat vehicle; when all five items of vehicle information are mild threats, the vehicle is judged to be a high-threat vehicle. The information processing and judging module of the present invention is realized by a single-chip microcomputer.
若判断所述周围环境中车辆为高威胁车辆时，通过语音向所述行驶车辆驾驶员发出用于提醒的信息，提醒信息根据不同的信息阈值采用不同的信息，(如出现高威胁车辆，前/后方车辆车速过快，前/后方车辆车距过小等)，同时在显示屏上实时显示一定范围内所述周围环境中车辆位置信息。If it is judged that the vehicle in the surrounding environment is a high-threat vehicle, the information for reminding is sent to the driver of the driving vehicle by voice. /rear vehicle speed is too fast, the distance between front/rear vehicles is too small, etc.), and at the same time, the vehicle position information in the surrounding environment within a certain range is displayed in real time on the display screen.
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对本发明所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still describe the present invention. Modifications are made to the technical solutions, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611156660.4ACN106530831A (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2016-12-15 | System and method for monitoring and early warning of high-threat vehicles |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611156660.4ACN106530831A (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2016-12-15 | System and method for monitoring and early warning of high-threat vehicles |
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| CN106530831Atrue CN106530831A (en) | 2017-03-22 |
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| CN201611156660.4APendingCN106530831A (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2016-12-15 | System and method for monitoring and early warning of high-threat vehicles |
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| CN (1) | CN106530831A (en) |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20170322 |