技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种汽车动力电池技术，特别涉及一种标定电动汽车电池组容量的充电装置及工作方法。The invention relates to an automobile power battery technology, in particular to a charging device and a working method for calibrating the capacity of an electric automobile battery pack.
背景技术Background technique
电池组是电动汽车的核心部件，其容量的大小关系到成组电池的能量密度和电动汽车的最大行驶里程，因此确定电池组容量对电动汽车剩余行驶里程的估计具有非常重要的意义。The battery pack is the core component of an electric vehicle, and its capacity is related to the energy density of the battery pack and the maximum mileage of the electric vehicle. Therefore, it is very important to determine the capacity of the battery pack to estimate the remaining mileage of the electric vehicle.
电池组的容量一般指的是在一定的放电条件下从电池组内某一个电池单体是充满状态的情况下放电至电池组内某一个电池单体的电量完全放空所能够释放的电量。通常电池容量是按放电容量定义的，但是由于电动汽车随着工况的不同，电池的放电电流也会不同，所以根据放电过程来估算电池组的容量是不可靠的，然而电动汽车的充电过程则是单一固定的，而且由于商用电池的库仑效率很高，所以充电容量和放电容量基本相同，因此在电动汽车电池组容量估算上，将充电容量近似作为电池组容量是比较合理的。但实际生活中驾驶者一般不会在电动汽车完全没有电量的情况下才进行充电，一般用户倾向于在电动汽车电池组还有一定剩余电量的时候对电动汽车进行充电，直至电池组完全充满电。但是在这种情况下，利用安时积分法所计算出来的电量是充入电池组内的电量，而不是电池组的容量。The capacity of a battery pack generally refers to the amount of electricity that can be released from a battery cell in the battery pack that is fully charged to a battery cell in the battery pack that is completely emptied under certain discharge conditions. Usually the battery capacity is defined according to the discharge capacity, but because the discharge current of the battery varies with the working conditions of the electric vehicle, it is unreliable to estimate the capacity of the battery pack according to the discharge process, but the charging process of the electric vehicle It is single and fixed, and because the coulombic efficiency of commercial batteries is very high, the charging capacity and discharging capacity are basically the same. Therefore, it is more reasonable to approximate the charging capacity as the battery pack capacity in the estimation of the battery pack capacity of electric vehicles. However, in real life, drivers generally do not charge the electric vehicle when it is completely out of power. Generally, users tend to charge the electric vehicle when the battery pack of the electric vehicle still has a certain amount of remaining power until the battery pack is fully charged. . But in this case, the electricity calculated by using the ampere-hour integral method is the electricity charged into the battery pack, not the capacity of the battery pack.
实际上，电动汽车电池组的初始容量是可以通过实验测量得到，即将电池组按照标准容量测试手段进行完全的充放，从而计算出电池组的初始容量。但由于电池在使用过程中单体的容量会发生衰减，进而电池组的容量也会发生变化，因此即使通过实验方法测出电池组的初始容量，其现实意义也是有限的。对于电动汽车而言，目前还没有通过在使用过程中将电池组的剩余电量耗尽，然后再对电池组充满电来估计电池组的容量的做法。虽然当前对单体的容量衰减问题有较深入的研究，但是由于电池组单体电池的不一致性，通过利用单体容量衰减规律的方法来预测电池组容量的衰减也是非常困难和极不准确的，而且目前也确实没有相关的研究内容。由于实验方法的不现实性和预测方法的不准确性，如何精确标定电动汽车当前电池组容量是一个具有挑战性的问题。In fact, the initial capacity of the electric vehicle battery pack can be obtained through experimental measurement, that is, the battery pack is completely charged and discharged according to the standard capacity test method, so as to calculate the initial capacity of the battery pack. However, since the capacity of the battery cell will decay during use, and the capacity of the battery pack will also change, so even if the initial capacity of the battery pack is measured by an experimental method, its practical significance is limited. For electric vehicles, there is currently no way to estimate the capacity of the battery pack by depleting the remaining charge of the battery pack during use and then fully charging the battery pack. Although there is currently more in-depth research on the capacity fading problem of the battery pack, due to the inconsistency of the single cells of the battery pack, it is very difficult and extremely inaccurate to predict the fading capacity of the battery pack by using the method of the capacity fading law of the single cell , and there is indeed no relevant research content at present. How to accurately calibrate the current battery pack capacity of electric vehicles is a challenging problem due to the unrealistic of experimental methods and the inaccuracy of prediction methods.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明是针对电动汽车电池组在使用中容量标定困难的问题，提出了一种标定电动汽车电池组容量的充电装置及工作方法，该装置可以为电池组提供一个完整的充电过程,并根据电池组实际充入的电量来标定电池组的实际容量。The present invention aims at the problem of difficult calibration of the capacity of the electric vehicle battery pack, and proposes a charging device and working method for calibrating the capacity of the electric vehicle battery pack. The device can provide a complete charging process for the battery pack, and according to the battery The actual capacity of the battery pack is calibrated by the actual charge of the battery pack.
本发明的技术方案为：一种标定电动汽车电池组容量充电装置，包括储能模块、能量转移装置、AC/DC变换器和调控开关，调控开关A端接电动汽车电池组，另一B端为三选择端，其中B0端为空，B1端口通过能量转移装置与储能模块相连接；B2端口通过AC/DC变换器与充电装置外接电网相连接。The technical solution of the present invention is: a charging device for calibrating the capacity of an electric vehicle battery pack, including an energy storage module, an energy transfer device, an AC/DC converter and a control switch, the A terminal of the control switch is connected to the electric vehicle battery pack, and the other B terminal There are three optional ports, where the B0 port is empty, the B1 port is connected to the energy storage module through the energy transfer device; the B2 port is connected to the external power grid of the charging device through the AC/DC converter.
所述储能模块的能量为电动汽车电池组标称能量的25%。The energy of the energy storage module is 25% of the nominal energy of the electric vehicle battery pack.
所述储能模块是电池组，能量转移装置是双向DCDC变换器。The energy storage module is a battery pack, and the energy transfer device is a bidirectional DCDC converter.
所述储能模块是飞轮，能量转移装置是电机及其控制器。The energy storage module is a flywheel, and the energy transfer device is a motor and its controller.
所述标定电动汽车电池组容量充电装置的工作方法，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：The working method of the charging device for calibrating the battery pack capacity of an electric vehicle is characterized in that the specific steps are as follows:
1）、用户将电池组与充电装置连接，用户将电动汽车电池组与充电装置开关的A端口相连接；1) The user connects the battery pack to the charging device, and the user connects the electric vehicle battery pack to the A port of the charging device switch;
2）、启动充电，此时调控开关的B端口处于B0状态；2) Start charging, at this time, the B port of the control switch is in the B0 state;
3）、充电装置判断电池组的SOC的高低，如果SOC高于预设值，跳至步骤6）， SOC低于预设值，充电装置将建议用户进行维护充电；3) The charging device judges the SOC of the battery pack. If the SOC is higher than the preset value, skip to step 6). If the SOC is lower than the preset value, the charging device will suggest the user to perform maintenance and charging;
4）、用户选择是否进行维护充电，如果是，执行步骤5），如果否，则跳至步骤6）；4), the user chooses whether to perform maintenance charging, if yes, perform step 5), if not, skip to step 6);
5）、进行维护充电，调控开关的A端口先接通，B1端口，通过能量转移装置，使电池组1的剩余能量转移到储能模块，电池组的剩余电量放空后，静置一段时间，然后再对电池组进行充电，首先将储能模块中的能量通过能量转移装置转移到电池组，然后再将调控开关的A端口接通B2端口，通过电网对电池组进行充电，直至电池组充满电，根据充电过程所充入的实际电量进而标定电池组的实际容量；5) For maintenance and charging, the A port of the control switch is first connected, and the B1 port, through the energy transfer device, transfers the remaining energy of the battery pack 1 to the energy storage module. After the remaining power of the battery pack is discharged, let it stand for a while, Then charge the battery pack, first transfer the energy in the energy storage module to the battery pack through the energy transfer device, then connect the A port of the control switch to the B2 port, and charge the battery pack through the grid until the battery pack is fully charged. According to the actual electricity charged in the charging process, the actual capacity of the battery pack is calibrated;
6）、进行常规充电，调控开关101的A端口先接通B2端口，直接通过电网对电池组进行充电，直至电池组充满电；6) For conventional charging, the A port of the control switch 101 is first connected to the B2 port, and the battery pack is charged directly through the grid until the battery pack is fully charged;
7）、在维护充电过程中如果用户选择中断维护充电，则将进行常规充电。7) If the user chooses to interrupt the maintenance charging during the maintenance charging process, the normal charging will be carried out.
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明标定电动汽车电池组容量的充电装置及工作方法，可以根据用户的需要灵活选择是否进行维护充电，维护充电过程中能够在线地、准确地标定电池组容量，具有简单易行、操作方便的优点。The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the charging device and working method for calibrating the capacity of the electric vehicle battery pack according to the present invention can flexibly choose whether to perform maintenance charging according to the user's needs, and the capacity of the battery pack can be accurately calibrated online during the maintenance charging process, which has the advantages of The advantages of simple operation and convenient operation.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例的标定电动汽车电池组容量充电装置的示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of a charging device for calibrating the capacity of a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例的标定电动汽车电池组容量充电装置的工作流程图。Fig. 2 is a working flow chart of the charging device for calibrating the capacity of the electric vehicle battery pack according to the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
如图1所示标定电动汽车电池组容量充电装置的示意图，该装置是在电池组001充电过程中,根据电池组001实际充入的电量来标定电池组001的实际容量。充电装置包括：储能模块202、能量转移装置201、ACDC变换器301、调控开关101。Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a charging device for calibrating the battery pack capacity of an electric vehicle. This device calibrates the actual capacity of the battery pack 001 according to the amount of electricity actually charged into the battery pack 001 during the charging process of the battery pack 001. The charging device includes: an energy storage module 202 , an energy transfer device 201 , an ACDC converter 301 , and a regulating switch 101 .
图1中调控开关101的两个端口中A端口用于连接电动汽车电池组001，调控开关101的B端口有三个状态：端口B0为空；端口B1通过能量转移装置201与储能模块202相连接；端口B2通过AC/DC变换器301与充电装置外接电网401相连接。Among the two ports of the regulation switch 101 in Fig. 1, the A port is used to connect the electric vehicle battery pack 001, and the B port of the regulation switch 101 has three states: the port B0 is empty; the port B1 communicates with the energy storage module 202 through the energy transfer device 201 Connection: Port B2 is connected to the external power grid 401 of the charging device through the AC/DC converter 301 .
本发明装置工作原理如下：在对电池组001进行维护充电时，调控开关101的端口A先接通通道B1，通过能量转移装置201，使电池组001的剩余电量转移到储能模块202，电池组001的剩余电量放空后，静置一段时间，然后再对电池组001进行充电，首先将储能模块202中的电量通过能量转移装置201转移到电池组001，然后再将调控开关101的端口A接通通道B2，通过电网401对电池组001进行充电，直至电池组001充满电，根据充电过程所充入的实际电量进而标定电池组001的实际容量；当进行电池组001的常规充电时，调控开关101接通通道B2，直接通过电网401对电池组001进行充电，直至电池组001充满电。The working principle of the device of the present invention is as follows: when the battery pack 001 is maintained and charged, the port A of the control switch 101 is first connected to the channel B1, and the remaining power of the battery pack 001 is transferred to the energy storage module 202 through the energy transfer device 201, and the battery After the remaining power of the battery pack 001 is emptied, let it stand for a period of time, and then charge the battery pack 001. First, the power in the energy storage module 202 is transferred to the battery pack 001 through the energy transfer device 201, and then the port of the regulating switch 101 A connects the channel B2, and charges the battery pack 001 through the grid 401 until the battery pack 001 is fully charged, and then calibrates the actual capacity of the battery pack 001 according to the actual amount of electricity charged in the charging process; when performing conventional charging of the battery pack 001 , the regulating switch 101 is connected to the channel B2, and the battery pack 001 is charged directly through the grid 401 until the battery pack 001 is fully charged.
在本发明的一个实施例中，本发明装置的工作流程如图2所示，具体如下：In one embodiment of the present invention, the workflow of the device of the present invention is shown in Figure 2, specifically as follows:
S1、用户将电池组与充电设备连接。用户将电动汽车电池组001与充电装置开关101的端口A相连接；S1. The user connects the battery pack to the charging device. The user connects the electric vehicle battery pack 001 with the port A of the charging device switch 101;
S2、启动充电。此时调控开关101的B端口处于B0状态；S2, start charging. At this moment, the B port of the control switch 101 is in the B0 state;
S3、充电装置判断电池组的SOC的高低，如果SOC高于预设值，跳至步骤S6， SOC低于预设值，充电装置将建议用户进行维护充电；S3. The charging device determines the level of the SOC of the battery pack. If the SOC is higher than the preset value, skip to step S6. If the SOC is lower than the preset value, the charging device will suggest the user to perform maintenance and charging;
S4、用户选择是否进行维护充电，如果是，执行步骤S5，如果否，则跳至步骤S6；S4. The user chooses whether to perform maintenance and charging. If yes, execute step S5. If not, skip to step S6;
S5、进行维护充电。调控开关101的端口A先接通通道B1，通过能量转移装置201，使电池组001的剩余能量转移到储能模块202，电池组001的剩余电量放空后，静置一段时间，然后再对电池组001进行充电，首先将储能模块202中的能量通过能量转移装置201转移到电池组001，然后再将调控开关101的端口A接通通道B2，通过电网401对电池组001进行充电，直至电池组001充满电，根据充电过程所充入的实际电量进而标定电池组001的实际容量；S5. Carry out maintenance and charging. The port A of the control switch 101 is first connected to the channel B1, and the remaining energy of the battery pack 001 is transferred to the energy storage module 202 through the energy transfer device 201. To charge the battery pack 001, the energy in the energy storage module 202 is first transferred to the battery pack 001 through the energy transfer device 201, and then the port A of the control switch 101 is connected to the channel B2, and the battery pack 001 is charged through the grid 401 until The battery pack 001 is fully charged, and the actual capacity of the battery pack 001 is calibrated according to the actual power charged during the charging process;
S6、进行常规充电。调控开关101的端口A先接通通道B2，直接通过电网401对电池组001进行充电，直至电池组001充满电；S6. Carry out conventional charging. The port A of the control switch 101 is first connected to the channel B2, and the battery pack 001 is charged directly through the grid 401 until the battery pack 001 is fully charged;
S7、在维护充电过程中如果用户选择中断维护充电，则将进行常规充电。S7. During the maintenance charging process, if the user chooses to interrupt the maintenance charging, conventional charging will be performed.
在本发明的一个实施例中，储能模块202的能量一般为电动汽车电池组001标称能量的25%。In one embodiment of the present invention, the energy of the energy storage module 202 is generally 25% of the nominal energy of the battery pack 001 of the electric vehicle.
在本发明的一个实施例中，储能模块202是电池组，能量转移装置201是双向DCDC变换器，通过双向DCDC变换器可以将电动汽车电池组001的剩余电量转移到储能模块202的电池组中。在对电动汽车电池组001进行充电时，通过双向DCDC变换器可以将储能模块202电池中的电量再转移给电动汽车电池组001。In one embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage module 202 is a battery pack, and the energy transfer device 201 is a bidirectional DCDC converter, through which the remaining power of the electric vehicle battery pack 001 can be transferred to the battery of the energy storage module 202 group. When charging the battery pack 001 of the electric vehicle, the power in the battery of the energy storage module 202 can be transferred to the battery pack 001 of the electric vehicle through a bidirectional DCDC converter.
在本发明的另外一个实施例中，储能模块202是飞轮，利用飞轮储能来实现电量的输入和输出，能量转移装置201是电机及其控制器。其工作原理是：可以通过电机控制器驱动能量转移装置201上的电机将电动汽车电池组001中的剩余电量转换成飞轮的动能储存起来。在对电动汽车电池组001进行充电时，可以通过电机控制器制动能量转移装置201上的电机使得飞轮减速，将飞轮的动能转换成电能提供给电动汽车电池组001。In another embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage module 202 is a flywheel, which uses the flywheel to store energy to realize the input and output of electricity, and the energy transfer device 201 is a motor and its controller. Its working principle is: the motor on the energy transfer device 201 can be driven by the motor controller to convert the remaining power in the battery pack 001 of the electric vehicle into the kinetic energy of the flywheel and store it. When charging the battery pack 001 of the electric vehicle, the motor on the energy transfer device 201 can be braked by the motor controller to decelerate the flywheel, and the kinetic energy of the flywheel can be converted into electric energy for the battery pack 001 of the electric vehicle.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610952068.9ACN106505662A (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2016-11-03 | Charging device and working method for calibrating the capacity of electric vehicle battery pack |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610952068.9ACN106505662A (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2016-11-03 | Charging device and working method for calibrating the capacity of electric vehicle battery pack |
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| CN106505662Atrue CN106505662A (en) | 2017-03-15 |
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| CN201610952068.9APendingCN106505662A (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2016-11-03 | Charging device and working method for calibrating the capacity of electric vehicle battery pack |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | Application publication date:20170315 |