技术领域technical field
本发明属于医疗器械技术领域，具体涉及一种可持续性扩张泪点，防止泪点再狭窄和粘连，避免反复手术、减少患者痛苦的泪点扩张装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a lacrimal point expansion device for sustainably expanding the lacrimal point, preventing restenosis and adhesion of the lacrimal point, avoiding repeated operations, and reducing pain of patients.
背景技术Background technique
泪溢或迎风流泪，是临床上一种常见疾病，不仅给患者带来了巨大痛苦，而且长期泪液浸渍，可引起慢性刺激性结膜炎、下睑和面颊部湿疹性皮炎。病人长期揩拭眼泪，长期作用可致下睑外翻，从而加重泪溢症状。Epiphora or tearing against the wind is a common clinical disease, which not only brings great pain to the patient, but also causes chronic irritative conjunctivitis, eczematous dermatitis of the lower eyelid and cheeks due to long-term tear immersion. If the patient wipes his tears for a long time, the long-term effect can cause lower eyelid ectropion, which will aggravate the symptoms of epiphora.
泪溢或迎风流泪多因泪点狭窄、闭塞或缺如引起，治疗上需要进行泪点扩张，泪点扩张器是泪点扩张操作中必不可少的医疗器械。传统泪点扩张器头部呈圆锥形，尖端较锐，靠强行插入泪点后扩大泪点。为使泪点可以充分扩张，传统泪点扩张器分为大、中、小等三种型号，操作时一般先用小号，再用中号，最后用大号泪点扩张器，逐渐地对泪点进行扩张；并且在最大号泪点扩张器插入之后，还需用手扶持扩张器10余分钟，以保持扩张器存留在泪点中的状态，起到松弛泪点、持续扩张的作用。Epiphora or lacrimation is mostly caused by narrowed, occluded or absent puncta. Treatment requires punctal dilation. Punctal dilator is an indispensable medical device in punctal dilation. The head of the traditional punctum dilator is conical, with a sharp tip, and the punctum is enlarged by forcibly inserting it into the punctum. In order to fully expand the punctum, the traditional punctum dilator is divided into three types: large, medium and small. Generally, the small size is used first, then the medium size, and finally the large punctum dilator is used to gradually correct the punctum. The punctum is dilated; and after the largest punctum dilator is inserted, the dilator needs to be held by hand for more than 10 minutes to keep the dilator in the punctum and play a role in relaxing the punctum and continuing to dilate.
传统的泪点扩张器操作时，需频繁更换扩张器，不仅十分麻烦、费时费力，而且增加了医护人员的工作量。由于泪点扩张器插入的方向与扩张泪点的方向不一致，加之泪点不易固定，常影响泪点的扩张，并容易刺伤泪小管致术后阻狭。在处理泪点狭小的患者时，要使泪点扩张器精确地直接进入泪小点，会有所困难，造成操作时间延长；操作不慎还将伤及眼球。另外，为了维持扩张效果，需将扩张器用手扶持存留在泪点中，因扩张器大而重，临床上最多坚持时间不可能超过20分钟，取出扩张器后，狭窄的泪点很容易又收缩回狭窄状态，或者闭合的泪点再次闭合，需患者反复多次治疗，不但增加患者痛苦，而且临床疗效不佳。故有必要对现有技术的泪点扩张装置进行改进。During the operation of the traditional punctal dilator, the dilator needs to be replaced frequently, which is not only very troublesome, time-consuming and laborious, but also increases the workload of medical staff. Since the insertion direction of the lacrimal point dilator is inconsistent with the direction of expanding the lacrimal point, and the lacrimal point is not easy to fix, it often affects the expansion of the lacrimal point, and it is easy to puncture the lacrimal canaliculus and cause postoperative stenosis. When dealing with patients with narrow puncta, it will be difficult to make the punctum dilator directly enter the punctum accurately, resulting in prolonged operation time; careless operation will also injure the eyeball. In addition, in order to maintain the dilation effect, the dilator needs to be held in the puncta by hand. Because the dilator is large and heavy, it is impossible to persist for more than 20 minutes clinically. After the dilator is taken out, the narrow punctum is easy to shrink again. If the stenosis occurs, or the closed punctum closes again, the patient needs repeated treatment for many times, which not only increases the pain of the patient, but also has poor clinical efficacy. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the punctum dilation device of the prior art.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明就是针对上述问题，提供一种可持续性扩张泪点，防止泪点再狭窄和粘连，避免反复手术、减少患者痛苦的泪点扩张装置。The present invention aims at the above problems and provides a lacrimal point expansion device that can sustainably expand the punctum, prevent restenosis and adhesion of the punctum, avoid repeated operations, and reduce pain of patients.
本发明所采用的技术方案是：该泪点扩张装置包括第一扩张钳体和第二扩张钳体，其特征在于：所述第一扩张钳体包括第一钳身，第一钳身的前部设置有颈部，第一钳身的后部设置有第一弧形钳尾，第一弧形钳尾的尾部设置有凹口；所述第二扩张钳体包括第二钳身，第二钳身的前部设置有颈部，第二钳身的后部设置有第二弧形钳尾，第二弧形钳尾的尾部设置有凸端；第一扩张钳体和第二扩张钳体前端的两个颈部左右对称布置，两个颈部的中部通过连接转轴相连；两个颈部的前端分别设置有锥形的扩张钳口，扩张钳口的轴线与颈部相垂直，两个扩张钳口对称布置形成锥尖朝下的空心圆锥体形状；两片扩张钳口之间的容置部内设置有扩张栓组件；第二扩张钳体第二弧形钳尾尾部的凸端伸入到第一扩张钳体第一弧形钳尾尾部的凹口内；所述扩张栓组件包括锥形的固定腔，固定腔的上部设置有推栓杆，固定腔的下部设置有泪点扩张栓；所述固定腔包括腔体，腔体的上端设置有竖直布置的穿杆孔，腔体的下端设置有空腔，穿杆孔的下部与空腔的上部相联通；腔体空腔的中部设置有竖直布置的连接杆，连接杆的下端部设置有固定凸头；所述推栓杆包括杆帽，杆帽的下侧设置有竖直布置的推杆，推杆伸入到固定腔的穿杆孔内；所述泪点扩张栓包括栓体，栓体的上端设置有凸缘，栓体的下端设置有锥形栓头，栓体的中部设置有中心通孔，中心通孔的上部设置有固定凹槽；泪点扩张栓的上部布置在固定腔下部的空腔内，固定腔空腔内的连接杆伸入到泪点扩张栓的中心通孔内，连接杆下端的固定凸头卡接在中心通孔上部的固定凹槽内；推栓杆推杆的下端部与泪点扩张栓凸缘的上表面相接触。The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the lacrimal point expansion device includes a first expansion forceps body and a second expansion forceps body, and it is characterized in that: the first expansion forceps body includes a first forceps body, and the front of the first forceps body The neck portion is provided with a neck, the rear portion of the first pliers body is provided with a first arc-shaped pliers tail, and the tail of the first arc-shaped pliers tail is provided with a notch; the second expansion pliers body includes a second pliers body, a second The front part of the pliers body is provided with a neck, the rear part of the second pliers body is provided with a second arc-shaped pliers tail, and the tail of the second arc-shaped pliers tail is provided with a convex end; the first expanding pliers body and the second expanding pliers body The two necks at the front end are symmetrically arranged left and right, and the middle parts of the two necks are connected by connecting shafts; the front ends of the two necks are respectively provided with tapered expansion jaws, and the axis of the expansion jaws is perpendicular to the neck. The expansion jaws are symmetrically arranged to form a hollow cone shape with the tip of the cone facing down; an expansion plug assembly is arranged in the accommodation part between the two expansion jaws; the convex end of the second arc-shaped pincer tail of the second expansion forceps body extends Into the notch of the first arc-shaped forceps tail of the first expansion forceps body; the expansion plug assembly includes a tapered fixing cavity, the upper part of the fixing cavity is provided with a push bolt rod, and the lower part of the fixing cavity is provided with a punctal expansion plug; The fixed cavity includes a cavity, the upper end of the cavity is provided with a vertically arranged rod-through hole, the lower end of the cavity is provided with a cavity, and the lower part of the rod-through hole communicates with the upper part of the cavity; the middle part of the cavity cavity A vertically arranged connecting rod is provided, and the lower end of the connecting rod is provided with a fixed protrusion; the push bolt rod includes a rod cap, and a vertically arranged push rod is arranged on the lower side of the rod cap, and the push rod extends into the fixed cavity In the piercing rod hole; the lacrimal point expansion plug includes a plug body, the upper end of the plug body is provided with a flange, the lower end of the plug body is provided with a tapered plug head, the middle part of the plug body is provided with a central through hole, and the center through hole The upper part is provided with a fixed groove; the upper part of the punctal expansion plug is arranged in the cavity at the lower part of the fixed cavity, the connecting rod in the cavity of the fixed cavity extends into the central through hole of the punctal expansion plug, and the fixed protrusion at the lower end of the connecting rod The head is clamped in the fixing groove on the upper part of the central through hole; the lower end of the push rod is in contact with the upper surface of the flange of the punctum expansion plug.
所述泪点扩张栓的固定凹槽为十字形卡槽；相应地，固定腔腔体下端设置的固定凸头的横截面形状为十字形。以利用该十字形配合结构，在放置泪点扩张栓的过程中，通过推栓杆带动固定腔和泪点扩张栓一同转动，便于泪点扩张栓的植入。The fixing groove of the punctal expansion plug is a cross-shaped slot; correspondingly, the cross-sectional shape of the fixing protrusion provided at the lower end of the fixing cavity is cross-shaped. By utilizing the cross-shaped matching structure, during the process of placing the punctum expansion plug, the fixing cavity and the punctum expansion plug are driven to rotate together by the push rod, so as to facilitate the implantation of the punctum expansion plug.
所述第一扩张钳体第一弧形钳尾和第二扩张钳体第二弧形钳尾，均为片状的弹性弧形结构。以在无外力作用的情况时，第一扩张钳体和第二扩张钳体前端的两个扩张钳口能够紧密闭合；并且在闭合的扩张钳口插入泪点后，仅需要较小的力量即可使两个扩张钳口张开适当角度，便于泪点的扩张。The first arc-shaped pincer tail of the first expanding forceps body and the second arc-shaped pincer tail of the second expanding forceps body are both sheet-shaped elastic arc-shaped structures. Therefore, when there is no external force, the two expansion jaws at the front end of the first expansion forceps body and the second expansion forceps body can be tightly closed; and after the closed expansion jaws are inserted into the puncta, only a small force is required The two expansion jaws can be opened at an appropriate angle to facilitate the expansion of the puncta.
所述第一扩张钳体和第二扩张钳体前端的两个扩张钳口的内壁上，分别设置有防滑条纹。以增加夹持扩张栓组件时的摩擦力，便于泪点扩张栓的放置。Anti-slip stripes are respectively provided on the inner walls of the two expansion jaws at the front ends of the first expansion forceps body and the second expansion forceps body. In order to increase the friction force when clamping the expansion plug assembly, it is convenient to place the punctum expansion plug.
所述推栓杆的推杆上设置有刻度。以通过刻度的标识，来显示泪点扩张栓的插入深度。A scale is arranged on the push rod of the push bolt rod. The insertion depth of the punctum dilatation plug is shown by the marking of the passing scale.
所述第一钳身或第二钳身的内侧设置有限位凸块。以防止操作时用力过大，使两侧扩张钳口过渡扩张。Limiting projections are arranged on the inside of the first tong body or the second tong body. In order to prevent excessive force during operation, the expansion jaws on both sides are excessively expanded.
所述第一钳身和第二钳身的外侧分别设置有防滑辊纹。以增加钳身表面摩擦力，保持钳身的握持稳定性。The outer sides of the first tong body and the second tong body are respectively provided with anti-slip roll lines. To increase the surface friction of the pliers and maintain the grip stability of the pliers.
与泪点扩张装置配套使用的取栓镊，包括镊身和镊头，其特征在于：所述镊身包括主体，主体为中空结构，主体的两侧分别设置有握持手柄，两个握持手柄呈V字形布置，两个握持手柄的后部通过镊尾相连；两个握持手柄前部的内侧分别设置有弹性夹片，弹性夹片的一端与握持手柄内侧相连，弹性夹片的另一端伸入到中空结构主体的后端部内；前部的主体和后部的镊尾之间设置有中间连接体；主体的前端设置有镊颈，镊颈是由直段和弯段构成的管状结构，镊颈内设置有两片刚性连接片，镊颈弯段的端部设置有镊头，镊头由两片扁矛形镊尖构成，扁矛形镊尖为半圆形的扁平结构；两片扁矛形镊尖的后端，分别通过刚性连接片与两个弹性夹片伸入到主体内的端部相连。以将存留在泪点内的泪点扩张栓取出，完成治疗。The thrombus-retrieving tweezers used in conjunction with the lacrimal point expansion device includes a tweezers body and a tweezers head, and is characterized in that: the tweezers body includes a main body, the main body is a hollow structure, and the two sides of the main body are respectively provided with holding handles, and the two holding The handles are arranged in a V shape, and the rear parts of the two gripping handles are connected by tweezers; the inner sides of the front parts of the two gripping handles are respectively provided with elastic clips, and one end of the elastic clips is connected with the inner side of the gripping handle, and the elastic clips The other end of the main body extends into the rear end of the main body of the hollow structure; an intermediate connector is provided between the front main body and the rear tweezers tail; the front end of the main body is provided with a tweezers neck, and the tweezers neck is composed of a straight section and a curved section Tubular structure, there are two rigid connecting pieces inside the tweezers neck, and a tweezers head is set at the end of the curved section of the tweezers neck. Structure: the rear ends of the two flat spear-shaped tweezers are respectively connected with the ends of the two elastic clips extending into the main body through rigid connecting pieces. The treatment is completed by taking out the punctum expansion plug remaining in the punctum.
所述取栓镊主体前端镊颈的直段和弯段的夹角为90～150度。以增强取栓镊的整体操控性。The angle between the straight section and the curved section of the neck of the tweezers at the front end of the main body of the bolt-retrieving tweezers is 90-150 degrees. To enhance the overall maneuverability of the thrombectomy forceps.
所述取栓镊主体前端镊颈的弯段上设置有刻度。以通过刻度的标识，来判断取栓镊伸入的距离。A scale is arranged on the curved section of the neck of the tweezers at the front end of the main body of the tweezers for removing thrombus. The distance that the bolt-retrieving tweezers extend can be judged by the marking of the passing scale.
本发明的有益效果：由于本发明采用两个前端分别设置锥形扩张钳口的第一扩张钳体和第二扩张钳体，扩张钳口的轴线与颈部垂直，两个扩张钳口对称布置形成锥尖朝下的空心圆锥体形状；两片扩张钳口之间的容置部内设置扩张栓组件；第二弧形钳尾的凸端伸入到第一弧形钳尾的凹口内；扩张栓组件包括固定腔，固定腔上部设置推栓杆，固定腔下部设置泪点扩张栓；固定腔包括上端设置有穿杆孔的腔体，腔体下端设置空腔，穿杆孔下部与空腔上部相通；腔体空腔中部设置连接杆，连接杆下端部设置固定凸头；推栓杆包括下侧竖直布置有推杆的杆帽，推杆伸入到固定腔的穿杆孔内；泪点扩张栓包括上端设置有凸缘的栓体，栓体下端设置锥形栓头，栓体中部的中心通孔上部设置固定凹槽；泪点扩张栓上部布置在固定腔下部的空腔内，固定腔空腔内的连接杆伸入到泪点扩张栓的中心通孔内，连接杆下端的固定凸头卡接在固定凹槽内的结构形式，所以其设计合理，结构紧凑，对泪点的扩张加压均匀，扩张速度快，中途无需更换器械；经由扩张钳口插入到泪点内的泪点扩张栓，可对泪点进行持续性扩张，并且取出方便，有效地防止了泪点的再狭窄和粘连，避免反复手术的风险，减少患者痛苦，提升治疗效果。Beneficial effects of the present invention: Since the present invention adopts the first expansion forceps body and the second expansion forceps body with tapered expansion jaws respectively at the two front ends, the axis of the expansion jaws is perpendicular to the neck, and the two expansion jaws are arranged symmetrically Form a hollow cone shape with the tip of the cone facing down; an expansion plug assembly is arranged in the accommodation part between the two expansion jaws; the convex end of the second arc-shaped pliers tail extends into the notch of the first arc-shaped pliers tail; the expansion The plug assembly includes a fixed cavity, the upper part of the fixed cavity is provided with a push-bolt rod, and the lower part of the fixed cavity is provided with a lacrimal point expansion plug; The upper part is connected; the middle part of the cavity is provided with a connecting rod, and the lower end of the connecting rod is provided with a fixed protrusion; the push bolt rod includes a rod cap with a push rod vertically arranged on the lower side, and the push rod extends into the rod hole of the fixed cavity; The punctal expansion plug includes a plug body with a flange on the upper end, a tapered plug head at the lower end of the plug body, and a fixing groove on the upper part of the central through hole in the middle of the plug body; the upper part of the punctal expansion plug is arranged in the cavity at the lower part of the fixed cavity , the connecting rod in the cavity of the fixed cavity extends into the central through hole of the punctum expansion plug, and the fixed convex head at the lower end of the connecting rod is clamped in the fixed groove, so its design is reasonable, the structure is compact, and it is easy to tear The expansion and pressure of the puncta are uniform, the expansion speed is fast, and there is no need to replace the instrument in the middle; the punctum expansion plug inserted into the punctum through the expansion jaw can continuously expand the punctum, and it is easy to take out, effectively preventing the punctum. Restenosis and adhesion, avoid the risk of repeated surgery, reduce the pain of patients, and improve the treatment effect.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的一种结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention.
图2是图1中A处的局部放大视图。Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of A in Fig. 1 .
图3是图1中B处的局部放大视图。Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view at B in Fig. 1 .
图4是图2中的扩张栓组件的一种结构爆炸图。Fig. 4 is a structural exploded view of the expansion plug assembly in Fig. 2 .
图5是图4中的推栓杆的一种结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the push bolt rod in Fig. 4 .
图6是图4中的固定腔的一种结构剖视图。FIG. 6 is a structural cross-sectional view of the fixing cavity in FIG. 4 .
图7是图4中的泪点扩张栓的一种结构剖视图。Fig. 7 is a structural cross-sectional view of the punctum expansion plug in Fig. 4 .
图8是图4中各部件组装后的一种结构剖视图。Fig. 8 is a structural cross-sectional view of the assembled components in Fig. 4 .
图9是图8沿C-C线的一种结构剖视图。Fig. 9 is a structural sectional view along line C-C of Fig. 8 .
图10是与本发明配套使用的取栓镊的一种结构示意图。Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the embolus removing forceps used in conjunction with the present invention.
图11是图10的D向视图。Fig. 11 is a view taken along the direction D of Fig. 10 .
图12是图11的E向视图。FIG. 12 is a view from the E direction of FIG. 11 .
图中序号说明：1第一扩张钳体、2第二扩张钳体、3颈部、4扩张钳口、5扩张栓组件、6连接转轴、7第二钳身、8第二弧形钳尾、9凹口、10凸端、11第一弧形钳尾、12限位凸块、13第一钳身、14推栓杆、15固定腔、16泪点扩张栓、17杆帽、18推杆、19刻度、20腔体、21穿杆孔、22空腔、23连接杆、24固定凸头、25凸缘、26栓体、27栓头、28中心通孔、29固定凹槽、30镊头、31镊颈、32主体、33镊身、34握持手柄、35镊尾、36中间连接体、37弹性夹片、38直段、39弯段、40扁矛形镊尖、41刚性连接片。Explanation of serial numbers in the figure: 1 first expanding pliers body, 2 second expanding pliers body, 3 neck, 4 expanding jaw, 5 expanding plug assembly, 6 connecting shaft, 7 second pliers body, 8 second arc-shaped pliers tail . Rod, 19 scale, 20 cavity, 21 rod hole, 22 cavity, 23 connecting rod, 24 fixed protrusion, 25 flange, 26 bolt body, 27 bolt head, 28 center through hole, 29 fixed groove, 30 Tweezers head, 31 tweezers neck, 32 main body, 33 tweezers body, 34 handle, 35 tweezers tail, 36 intermediate connector, 37 elastic clip, 38 straight section, 39 curved section, 40 flat spear-shaped tweezers tip, 41 rigid Connecting piece.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
根据图1～12详细说明本发明的具体结构。该泪点扩张装置包括第一扩张钳体1和第二扩张钳体2，其中，第一扩张钳体1包括第一钳身13，第一钳身13的前部设置有颈部3，颈部3的前端设置有用于夹持扩张栓组件5的扩张钳口4，第一钳身13的后部设置有片状弹性弧形结构的第一弧形钳尾11，第一弧形钳尾11的尾部设置有用于插入第二弧形钳尾8尾部凸端10的凹口9。第二扩张钳体2包括第二钳身7，第二钳身7的前部设置有颈部3，颈部3的前端同样设置有用于夹持扩张栓组件5的扩张钳口4，第二钳身7的后部设置有片状弹性弧形结构的第二弧形钳尾8，第二弧形钳尾8的尾部设置有凸端10。第一扩张钳体1和第二扩张钳体2前端的两个左右对称布置的颈部3的中部，通过连接转轴6相连接，从而使第一扩张钳体1和第二扩张钳体2相连接，并且两个颈部3能够绕着连接转轴6张开或闭合。为了防止操作时用力过大，避免两侧扩张钳口4过渡扩张泪点，第一钳身13的内侧设置有限位凸块12；相应地，第二钳身7内侧与限位凸块12相对应的位置处设置有凸块卡槽。为了增加钳身表面摩擦力，第一钳身13和第二钳身7的外侧分别设置有防滑辊纹，保持钳身的握持稳定性。出于减轻钳身重量的目的，第一钳身13和第二钳身7的内侧设置有减重中空结构，以便于灵活操作。The specific structure of the present invention will be described in detail according to FIGS. 1 to 12 . The punctum expansion device comprises a first expansion forceps body 1 and a second expansion forceps body 2, wherein the first expansion forceps body 1 comprises a first forceps body 13, and a neck 3 is arranged on the front of the first forceps body 13, and the neck The front end of the part 3 is provided with an expansion jaw 4 for clamping the expansion plug assembly 5, and the rear part of the first clamp body 13 is provided with a first arc-shaped pincer tail 11 of a sheet-shaped elastic arc-shaped structure, and the first arc-shaped pincer tail The tail of 11 is provided with a notch 9 for inserting the convex end 10 of the second arc-shaped pliers tail 8 . The second expansion forceps body 2 includes a second forceps body 7, the front portion of the second forceps body 7 is provided with a neck 3, and the front end of the neck portion 3 is also provided with an expansion jaw 4 for clamping the expansion plug assembly 5, the second The rear portion of the pliers body 7 is provided with a second arc-shaped pliers tail 8 with a sheet-shaped elastic arc structure, and a protruding end 10 is provided at the tail of the second arc-shaped pliers tail 8 . The middle parts of the two left-right symmetrically arranged necks 3 at the front ends of the first expansion forceps body 1 and the second expansion forceps body 2 are connected by a connecting shaft 6, so that the first expansion forceps body 1 and the second expansion forceps body 2 are aligned. connected, and the two necks 3 can be opened or closed around the connecting shaft 6. In order to prevent excessive force during operation and to avoid the transitional expansion of the tear points of the expansion jaws 4 on both sides, the inner side of the first clamp body 13 is provided with a limit protrusion 12; The corresponding positions are provided with protruding block slots. In order to increase the surface friction of the pliers body, the outer sides of the first pliers body 13 and the second pliers body 7 are respectively provided with anti-skid roll lines to maintain the gripping stability of the pliers body. For the purpose of reducing the weight of the tong body, the inner sides of the first tong body 13 and the second tong body 7 are provided with weight-reducing hollow structures for flexible operation.
第一扩张钳体1和第二扩张钳体2的两个颈部3的前端，分别设置的圆锥形扩张钳口4的轴线与钳体颈部3相垂直布置；两个扩张钳口4对称布置，以形成锥尖朝下的空心圆锥体形状；两片扩张钳口4之间的容置部内设置有用于向泪点内放置泪点扩张栓16的扩张栓组件5。第二扩张钳体2第二弧形钳尾8尾部的凸端10伸入到第一扩张钳体1第一弧形钳尾11尾部的凹口9内；以在无外力作用的情况时，第一扩张钳体1和第二扩张钳体2前端的两个扩张钳口4能够紧密闭合；并且，在闭合的扩张钳口4插入泪点后，仅需要较小的力量即可使两个扩张钳口4自然张开适当角度，便于泪点扩张，方便操作。为了增加夹持扩张栓组件5时的摩擦力，第一扩张钳体1和第二扩张钳体2前端的两个扩张钳口4的内壁上，分别设置有防滑条纹，以便于泪点扩张栓16的放置。At the front ends of the two necks 3 of the first expansion forceps body 1 and the second expansion forceps body 2, the axes of the conical expansion jaws 4 arranged respectively are perpendicular to the neck 3 of the forceps body; the two expansion jaws 4 are symmetrical Arranged to form a hollow cone shape with the tip of the cone pointing down; the expansion plug assembly 5 for placing the punctum expansion plug 16 into the punctum is arranged in the accommodation part between the two expansion jaws 4 . The convex end 10 of the second arc-shaped pliers tail 8 tail of the second expansion pliers body 2 stretches into the notch 9 of the first arc-shaped pliers tail 11 tail of the first expansion pliers body 1; so that when there is no external force, The two expansion jaws 4 at the front ends of the first expansion forceps body 1 and the second expansion forceps body 2 can be tightly closed; The expansion jaws 4 are naturally opened at an appropriate angle, which facilitates the expansion of the puncta and facilitates the operation. In order to increase the friction force when clamping the expansion plug assembly 5, the inner walls of the two expansion jaws 4 at the front ends of the first expansion forceps body 1 and the second expansion forceps body 2 are respectively provided with anti-slip stripes, so as to facilitate the expansion of the punctum expansion plug. 16 placements.
两片扩张钳口4之间容置部内设置的扩张栓组件5由锥形的固定腔15构成，固定腔15的上部设置有用于向泪点内推入泪点扩张栓16的推栓杆14，固定腔15的下部设置有用于对泪点持续扩张的泪点扩张栓16。固定腔15包括上端竖直布置有穿杆孔21的腔体20，固定腔15腔体20的下端设置有用于容置泪点扩张栓16的空腔22，穿杆孔21的下部与空腔22的上部相联通，以使布置在固定腔15穿杆孔21内的推栓杆14推杆18的端部能够与泪点扩张栓16相接触。固定腔15腔体20的空腔22中部设置有竖直向下布置的连接杆23，连接杆23的下端部设置有用于固定泪点扩张栓16的固定凸头24，固定凸头24为上下两端细、中间略粗的椭圆形。固定腔15上部设置的推栓杆14，包括下侧竖直布置有推杆18的杆帽17，推栓杆14下部的推杆18伸入到固定腔15的穿杆孔21内，推栓杆14上部的杆帽17位于固定腔15的上方。根据具体使用需要，推栓杆14杆帽17下侧设置的推杆18的数量为四个，并且四个推杆18沿同一圆周等间距布置；相应地，固定腔15腔体20内设置的穿杆孔21的数量也为四个，四个穿杆孔21的布置位置与推杆18相对应；以增加固定腔15位置的稳定性，并有利于固定腔15腔体20随推栓杆14的旋转移动。推栓杆14的各个推杆18的下端部，可以设计成单独的凸台状结构或者相互连接的环状结构，从而将推栓杆14和固定腔15连接成一个整体，避免推栓杆14掉落，并能够增加推杆18与泪点扩张栓16的接触面积，提升推注的稳定性。为了便于辨别泪点扩张栓16的插入深度，推栓杆14的推杆18上设置有标识刻度19。The expansion plug assembly 5 set in the accommodation part between the two expansion jaws 4 is composed of a tapered fixing cavity 15, and the upper part of the fixing cavity 15 is provided with a push plug rod 14 for pushing the punctum expansion plug 16 into the punctum , the lower part of the fixed cavity 15 is provided with a punctal expansion plug 16 for continuous expansion of the punctum. The fixed cavity 15 includes a cavity 20 with a rod hole 21 vertically arranged at the upper end, and a cavity 22 for accommodating the punctum expansion plug 16 is provided at the lower end of the cavity 20 of the fixed cavity 15, and the bottom of the rod hole 21 is connected with the cavity. The upper part of 22 communicates, so that the end of the push rod 14 push rod 18 arranged in the fixing cavity 15 through the rod hole 21 can be in contact with the punctal expansion plug 16 . The middle part of the cavity 22 of the fixed cavity 15 and the cavity 20 is provided with a connecting rod 23 arranged vertically downward, and the lower end of the connecting rod 23 is provided with a fixed protruding head 24 for fixing the punctum expansion plug 16, and the fixed protruding head 24 is up and down. Oval shape with thin ends and slightly thicker middle. The push bolt rod 14 provided on the top of the fixed chamber 15 includes a rod cap 17 with a push rod 18 vertically arranged on the lower side, and the push rod 18 at the bottom of the push bolt rod 14 extends into the rod hole 21 of the fixed chamber 15, and the push bolt The rod cap 17 on the upper part of the rod 14 is located above the fixed cavity 15 . According to specific use requirements, the number of push rods 18 provided on the lower side of the push bolt rod 14 rod cap 17 is four, and the four push rods 18 are arranged at equal intervals along the same circumference; The quantity of piercing rod hole 21 is also four, and the layout position of four piercing rod holes 21 is corresponding to push rod 18; 14 rotation moves. The lower end of each push rod 18 of the push bolt rod 14 can be designed as a separate boss-shaped structure or an interconnected ring structure, so that the push bolt rod 14 and the fixed cavity 15 are connected as a whole, and the push bolt rod 14 is avoided. drop, and can increase the contact area between the push rod 18 and the punctum expansion plug 16, and improve the stability of the bolus injection. In order to facilitate the identification of the insertion depth of the punctal expansion plug 16 , a marking scale 19 is provided on the push rod 18 of the plug push rod 14 .
固定腔15下部设置的泪点扩张栓16包括上端设置有凸缘25的栓体26，栓体26的下端设置有便于泪点扩张栓16插入到泪点内的锥形栓头27，泪点扩张栓16头部膨大的锥形栓头27能够增加扩张栓的稳定性，将扩张栓锚定于泪点和泪小管中，避免揉眼导致的扩张栓脱落现象；泪点扩张栓16尾部的扁圆形凸缘25，能够起到防止扩张栓坠入泪道的作用。泪点扩张栓16栓体26的中部设置有竖直贯通的中心通孔28，中心通孔28的上部设置有用于与固定腔15固定凸头24相配合的固定凹槽29。泪点扩张栓16的中心通孔28可在扩张栓留置于泪点期间，确保泪液能够经由中心通孔28、正常地流入泪道。泪点扩张栓16栓体26的中心通孔28还可作为取栓镊（与该泪点扩张装置配套使用）镊头30伸入的通道；并且，取栓镊镊头30在中心通孔28内张开后，能够嵌入到中心通孔28上部设置的固定凹槽29内，以便于泪点扩张栓16的转动和取出。为了确保生物相容性，降低排斥反应的发生概率，泪点扩张栓16的材料可采用医用硅胶，并具有足够的弹性以及支撑力。The punctal expansion plug 16 provided at the lower part of the fixed cavity 15 includes a plug body 26 with a flange 25 at the upper end, and a tapered plug head 27 at the lower end of the plug body 26 to facilitate the insertion of the punctal expansion plug 16 into the punctum. The enlarged tapered plug head 27 at the head of the expansion plug 16 can increase the stability of the expansion plug, anchor the expansion plug in the punctum and the lacrimal canaliculus, and avoid the phenomenon of the expansion plug falling off caused by rubbing the eyes; The oblate flange 25 can prevent the expansion plug from falling into the lacrimal duct. The middle part of the plug body 26 of the punctum expansion plug 16 is provided with a vertically through central through hole 28 , and the upper part of the central through hole 28 is provided with a fixing groove 29 for matching with the fixing protrusion 24 of the fixing cavity 15 . The central through hole 28 of the punctum expansion plug 16 can ensure that the lacrimal fluid can flow into the lacrimal duct normally through the central through hole 28 when the expansion plug is placed in the punctum. The central through hole 28 of the punctal expansion plug 16 plug body 26 can also be used as a channel for the tweezers 30 to extend into the embolus retrieval tweezers (used with the lacrimal expansion device); After being expanded, it can be inserted into the fixing groove 29 provided on the upper part of the central through hole 28, so as to facilitate the rotation and removal of the punctum expansion plug 16. In order to ensure biocompatibility and reduce the probability of rejection, the material of the punctum expansion plug 16 can be medical silicone, which has sufficient elasticity and supporting force.
泪点扩张栓16的上部布置在固定腔15腔体20下部的空腔22内，腔体20下部空腔22内的连接杆23伸入到泪点扩张栓16的中心通孔28内，且连接杆23下端的固定凸头24卡接在泪点扩张栓16中心通孔28上部的固定凹槽29内。推栓杆14推杆18伸入到固定腔15穿杆孔21内一端的下端部，与泪点扩张栓16栓体26的凸缘25上表面相接触，以通过推杆18向泪点推入泪点扩张栓16。为了在放置泪点扩张栓16的过程中，能够通过推栓杆14带动固定腔15和泪点扩张栓16一同转动，以便于泪点扩张栓16的植入，泪点扩张栓16的固定凹槽29设计成横截面为十字形的卡槽；相应地，固定腔15腔体20下端设置的固定凸头24的横截面形状也为十字形。泪点扩张栓16的这种十字形固定凹槽29的结构形式，同样可以方便取栓镊将泪点扩张栓16从泪点内旋转和取出的操作。The upper part of the punctal expansion plug 16 is arranged in the cavity 22 of the lower part of the cavity 20 of the fixed cavity 15, and the connecting rod 23 in the cavity 22 of the lower part of the cavity 20 extends into the central through hole 28 of the punctal expansion plug 16, and The fixing protrusion 24 at the lower end of the connecting rod 23 is snapped into the fixing groove 29 at the upper part of the central through hole 28 of the punctum expansion plug 16 . The push bolt rod 14 push rod 18 extends into the lower end of one end of the fixed cavity 15 through the rod hole 21, and contacts with the upper surface of the flange 25 of the punctum expansion plug 16 plug body 26 to push the punctum through the push rod 18. Into the punctum expansion plug 16. In order to place the punctum expansion plug 16 in the process of placing the punctum expansion plug 16, the fixing cavity 15 and the punctum expansion plug 16 can be driven to rotate together by the push plug rod 14, so as to facilitate the implantation of the punctum expansion plug 16. The fixed recess of the punctum expansion plug 16 The slot 29 is designed as a cross-sectional card slot; correspondingly, the cross-sectional shape of the fixing protrusion 24 provided at the lower end of the cavity 20 of the fixing chamber 15 is also cross-shaped. The structure of the cross-shaped fixing groove 29 of the punctum expansion plug 16 can also facilitate the operation of removing the punctum expansion plug 16 from the punctum by rotating and taking it out with the forceps.
与该泪点扩张装置配套使用的取栓镊包括镊身33和镊头30，镊身33由中空结构的主体32构成，镊身33主体32的两侧分别设置有握持手柄34，两个握持手柄34的后部通过镊尾35相连接，且两个握持手柄34呈V字形布置。两个握持手柄34前部的内侧，分别设置有用于操控镊头30两片扁矛形镊尖40的弹性夹片37，弹性夹片37的一端与握持手柄34的内侧相连接；弹性夹片37的另一端则伸入到中空结构主体32的后端、进入到主体32内部，弹性夹片37伸入主体32内的一端则通过镊颈31内设置的刚性连接片41，与扁矛形镊尖40相连接。前部的主体32和后部的镊尾35之间设置有中间连接体36。为了增加握持手柄34表面的摩擦力，呈V字形布置的两个握持手柄34的外侧，分别设置有防滑辊纹，以保持手柄的握持稳定性。为了便于手指的握持，两个握持手柄34上还可以设置托指结构，以提升术中掌控的精准性。托指结构可以是针对使用镊子时手指的握持习惯，在镊子与手指接触部位设计的人体工程学柔性握持触块。The thrombus-retrieving forceps used in conjunction with the lacrimal point expansion device includes a tweezers body 33 and a tweezers head 30. The tweezers body 33 is composed of a main body 32 of a hollow structure. Holding handles 34 are respectively arranged on both sides of the tweezers body 33 main body 32, two The rear parts of the handles 34 are connected by tweezers tails 35, and the two handles 34 are arranged in a V shape. The inboards of the two holding handles 34 fronts are respectively provided with elastic clips 37 for manipulating the two flat spear-shaped tweezers 40 of the tweezers 30, and one end of the elastic clips 37 is connected with the inside of the holding handle 34; The other end of clamp piece 37 then stretches into the rear end of hollow structure main body 32, enters inside main body 32, and the end that elastic clamp piece 37 stretches into main body 32 then passes through the rigid connecting piece 41 that is provided with in tweezers neck 31, and flat The spear tips 40 are connected. An intermediate connector 36 is provided between the front body 32 and the rear tweezers tail 35 . In order to increase the frictional force on the surface of the grip handle 34 , the outer sides of the two grip handles 34 arranged in a V shape are respectively provided with anti-skid roll lines to maintain the grip stability of the handle. In order to facilitate the gripping of the fingers, the two gripping handles 34 can also be provided with finger support structures to improve the accuracy of intraoperative control. The supporting finger structure can be an ergonomic flexible holding contact block designed at the contact part between the tweezers and the fingers according to the gripping habits of the fingers when using the tweezers.
镊身33主体32的前端设置有由直段38和弯段39构成的细管状镊颈31；为了增强取栓镊的整体操控性，主体32前端镊颈31的直段38和弯段39的夹角设计成90～150度。镊颈31内设置有两片分别与握持手柄34前部内侧的弹性夹片37相连的刚性连接片41，镊颈31弯段39的端部设置有由两片扁矛形镊尖40构成的镊头30；扁矛形镊尖40可以采用半圆形的扁平结构。两片扁矛形镊尖40的后端分别与镊颈31内的两片刚性连接片41相连接；并通过两个握持手柄34分别驱动弹性夹片37，从而带动镊颈31内布置的两片刚性连接片41闭合或张开，以操控镊头30的两片扁矛形镊尖40，以将存留在泪点内的泪点扩张栓16取出。为了便于判断伸入的距离，取栓镊主体32前端镊颈31的弯段39上设置有标识刻度19。The front end of the tweezers body 33 main body 32 is provided with a thin tubular tweezers neck 31 composed of a straight section 38 and a curved section 39; The included angle is designed to be 90-150 degrees. The neck 31 is provided with two rigid connecting pieces 41 which are respectively connected to the elastic clips 37 on the inside of the handle 34. The end of the curved section 39 of the neck 31 is provided with two flat spear-shaped tweezers 40. The tweezers head 30; the flat spear-shaped tweezers tip 40 can adopt a semicircular flat structure. The rear ends of the two flat spear-shaped tweezers 40 are respectively connected to the two rigid connecting pieces 41 in the tweezers neck 31; The two rigid connecting pieces 41 are closed or opened to manipulate the two flat spear-shaped tweezers 40 of the tweezers head 30 to remove the punctum expansion plug 16 remaining in the punctum. In order to facilitate the judgment of the protruding distance, a marking scale 19 is provided on the curved section 39 of the front end of the tweezers neck 31 of the main body 32 of the bolt-retrieving tweezers.
该泪点扩张装置使用时，单手握持住第一扩张钳体1的第一钳身13和第二扩张钳体2的第二钳身7，将闭合的两片扩张钳口4下端的锥尖对准需要扩张的泪点位置，让扩张钳口4的锥尖向下插入到泪点内；然后在第一钳身13和第二钳身7上施加适当的力量，使第一钳身13和第二钳身7前部的两片扩张钳口4相分离开来，以对泪点进行扩张，为放入泪点扩张栓16做准备。该泪点扩张装置摒弃了传统垂直插入式泪点扩张器的扩张方式，采用两片扩张钳口4的水平力，对泪点进行均匀加压扩张，扩张速度快，符合泪点的生理解剖结构，避免副损伤，中途不必更换器械，治疗效率高。When using the punctum expansion device, hold the first forceps body 13 of the first expansion forceps body 1 and the second forceps body 7 of the second expansion forceps body 2 with one hand, and place the two closed expansion jaws 4 lower ends The awl tip is aligned with the punctum that needs to be expanded, and the awl tip of the expansion jaw 4 is inserted downward into the punctum; The body 13 and the two expansion jaws 4 at the front of the second forceps body 7 are separated to expand the punctum and prepare for putting in the punctum expansion plug 16 . The punctum expansion device abandons the expansion method of the traditional vertical insertion type punctum dilator, and uses the horizontal force of two expansion jaws 4 to uniformly pressurize and expand the punctum. The expansion speed is fast and conforms to the physiological and anatomical structure of the punctum. , to avoid secondary damage, no need to replace the device midway, and the treatment efficiency is high.
将扩张栓组件5放入到两片扩张钳口4之间的容置部内，扩张栓组件5推栓杆14上端的杆帽17位于扩张钳口4的上方，以便于向下推入泪点扩张栓16。扩张栓组件5的锥形固定腔15位于圆锥形扩张钳口4的底部，并且固定腔15较宽的上端与扩张钳口4内壁上的防滑条纹相接触，以增加夹持扩张栓组件5固定腔15时的摩擦力，便于泪点扩张栓16向泪点的推入。扩张栓组件5固定腔15下端的泪点扩张栓16，位于两片张开的扩张钳口4底部锥尖处。用未握持扩张钳体的另一只手，将扩张栓组件5的推栓杆14缓慢按下；从而带动推栓杆14推杆18伸入到固定腔15穿杆孔21内的一端，推动泪点扩张栓16栓体26凸缘25的上表面，以将泪点扩张栓16从固定腔15腔体20下部的空腔22推入到已扩张的泪点内留存，对泪点形成持续性扩张。最后，闭合第一扩张钳体1和第二扩张钳体2前端的两片扩张钳口4，将扩张钳口4的锥尖从泪点中完全取出，然后取下扩张栓组件5。在放置泪点扩张栓16的过程中，可通过转动推栓杆14的方式，来带动固定腔15以其下部设置的泪点扩张栓16一起在泪点内转动，以便于泪点扩张栓16的置入。Put the expansion plug assembly 5 into the accommodating portion between the two expansion jaws 4, the rod cap 17 on the upper end of the expansion plug rod 14 of the expansion plug assembly 5 is located above the expansion jaws 4, so as to push down into the puncta Expansion plug 16. The tapered fixing cavity 15 of the expansion plug assembly 5 is located at the bottom of the conical expansion jaw 4, and the wider upper end of the fixing cavity 15 is in contact with the anti-slip stripes on the inner wall of the expansion jaw 4 to increase the clamping expansion plug assembly 5 and fix it. The frictional force of the cavity 15 facilitates the punctum expansion plug 16 to be pushed into the punctum. The punctal expansion plug 16 at the lower end of the fixed cavity 15 of the expansion plug assembly 5 is located at the tip of the cone at the bottom of the two expanded jaws 4 . With the other hand that is not holding the body of the expansion pliers, slowly press down the push bolt rod 14 of the expansion plug assembly 5; thus drive the push bolt rod 14 and the push rod 18 to extend into one end of the fixing cavity 15 through the rod hole 21, Push the upper surface of the punctum expansion plug 16 plug body 26 flange 25 to push the puncta expansion plug 16 from the cavity 22 at the bottom of the fixed cavity 15 cavity 20 into the expanded punctum for retention, forming a punctum. Continuous expansion. Finally, close the two expansion jaws 4 at the front ends of the first expansion forceps body 1 and the second expansion forceps body 2, completely remove the conical tip of the expansion jaws 4 from the puncta, and then remove the expansion plug assembly 5. In the process of placing the punctal expansion plug 16, the way of turning the push plug rod 14 can be used to drive the fixed cavity 15 to rotate in the punctum together with the punctal expansion plug 16 provided at the lower part, so that the punctal expansion plug 16 of the placement.
泪点扩张栓16可长期（3个月左右）存留在泪点内，有效防止泪点的再狭窄和粘连，避免反复手术操作，减少患者痛苦。当需要将存留在泪点内的泪点扩张栓16取出时，单手握持住取栓镊镊身33主体32两侧的握持手柄34，通过两个握持手柄34分别驱动两个弹性夹片37，来带动镊颈31内布置的两片刚性连接片41闭合，从而操控镊头30的两片扁矛形镊尖40闭合。将取栓镊的镊头30伸入到留存的泪点扩张栓16栓体26的中心通孔28内，当闭合的两片扁矛形镊尖40处于中心通孔28内固定凹槽29的位置时，通过取栓镊的两个握持手柄34带动两片扁矛形镊尖40张开，使张开的扁矛形镊尖40与泪点扩张栓16固定凹槽29的十字形卡槽相卡接，从而将泪点扩张栓16取出，完成治疗。The punctum dilatation plug 16 can remain in the punctum for a long time (about 3 months), effectively preventing restenosis and adhesion of the puncta, avoiding repeated operations, and reducing the suffering of patients. When it is necessary to take out the punctal expansion plug 16 remaining in the punctum, hold the grip handles 34 on both sides of the body 32 of the plug forceps tweezers body 33 with one hand, and drive the two elastic pins respectively through the two grip handles 34. The clip 37 drives the two rigid connecting pieces 41 arranged in the tweezers neck 31 to close, thereby controlling the two flat spear-shaped tweezers 40 of the tweezers head 30 to close. Insert the tweezers head 30 of the bolt-removing tweezers into the central through hole 28 of the punctum expansion plug 16 plug body 26, and when the closed two pieces of flat spear-shaped tweezers tips 40 are in the center through hole 28 of the fixed groove 29 position, the two gripping handles 34 of the tweezers drive the two flat spear-shaped tweezers 40 to open, so that the opened flat lance-shaped tweezers 40 and the cross-shaped clamp of the punctal expansion plug 16 fixing groove 29 The grooves are engaged with each other, so that the punctum expansion plug 16 is taken out to complete the treatment.
能够理解的是，在泪点扩张栓16于泪点内留置期间，可通过泪点扩张装置与取栓镊的配合使用，将取栓镊的镊头30插入到泪点扩张栓16的十字形固定凹槽29内；旋转取栓镊来带动留存的泪点扩张栓16转动，以避免泪点扩张栓16和泪点粘连，确保治疗效果。根据具体的使用需求，该装置的不同组件也可单独使用。It can be understood that, during the indwelling of the punctal expansion plug 16 in the punctum, the tweezer head 30 of the embolus retrieval forceps can be inserted into the cross-shaped opening of the punctal expansion plug 16 through the cooperation of the punctal expansion device and the thrombus retrieval forceps. Fix in the groove 29; rotate the tweezers to drive the retained punctum expansion plug 16 to rotate, so as to avoid adhesion between the punctum expansion plug 16 and the punctum, and ensure the therapeutic effect. Depending on specific usage needs, the different components of the device can also be used individually.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611207327.1ACN106491270B (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2016-12-23 | A kind of lacrimal point extension fixture |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611207327.1ACN106491270B (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2016-12-23 | A kind of lacrimal point extension fixture |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106491270A CN106491270A (en) | 2017-03-15 |
| CN106491270Btrue CN106491270B (en) | 2018-08-14 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611207327.1AActiveCN106491270B (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2016-12-23 | A kind of lacrimal point extension fixture |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106491270B (en) |
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