A kind of adjustable high blast deep hole impacter of frequency of impactTechnical field
The equipment the present invention relates to a kind of Pneumatic immpacting is holed, the adjustable high blast deep hole punching of especially a kind of frequency of impactHit device, for beating deep hole well, deep hole foundation pile and beating deep hole occasion needed for various civil engineering and underground mining.
Background technology
Currently, the deep hole impacter on market is mainly Yichang Wuhuan Rock Drilling Tools Co., Ltd. and applied in 2010The patent obtaining《Valveless single-cylinder high-efficiency down-the-hole hammer》, its Patent No.：ZL 201020124375.6.In recent years, thisImpacter passes through updating of different manufacturer, also can only punch at present deeply for the deep hole within 200m it is difficult to beat depthMore than the deep hole of 200m, main reason is that impacter itself structures shape its when beating deep hole, because frequency of impact is too high,And frequency of impact cannot be adjusted, the high pressure air quantity most of maintenance consumption entering in impacter is led to be done in the piston of impacterOn idle work, the vent cap in entrance drill bit is kept to carry out bottom hole deslagging without enough air quantity, once drill bit bottomRock slag can not be discharged in time and be arisen that burying and bit freezing although the piston of impacter is ceaselessly in acting, but whole impact isIt is difficult to drilling depth, drill bit can only repeatedly impact on the rock slag that can not discharge, and this not only consumes substantial amounts of energy, and seriouslyLimit the depth of impacter punching.
Content of the invention
Present invention aim to the frequency of impact solving present percussion device is too high and frequency of impact cannot be adjusted, lead toWhen beating deep hole, impulsive force is not enough, and cannot ensure have enough blast and air quantity to enter drill bit bore bottom deslagging, Jin Erying all the timeRing the problem of impacter punching depth, a kind of adjustable high blast deep hole impacter of frequency of impact is provided for this.
The concrete scheme of the present invention is：A kind of adjustable high blast deep hole impacter of frequency of impact, including assembling successivelyRear joint together, gun tube and front connector and drill bit, are set with control pipe, are set with piston in gun tube in rear joint,It is equipped with vent cap afterwards in joint, piston and drill bit；Control pipe has front side distribution bar and rear side non-return valve and air distribution holeConfession air cavity in vent cap and distribution bar that A, air distribution hole A are used for after connection in joint, in the front end of distribution bar and pistonVent cap matches；It is characterized in that：Described gun tube, the rear end of piston and control pipe and be followed by head circumference and become rear gas chamber, are boringThe tail end of head equipped with the tail pipe matching with the vent cap of piston nose, gun tube, the front end of piston, tail pipe and drill bit and frontJoint surrounds front air chamber；Air distribution hole B is offered on the side wall of described distribution bar front end, and in its front end equipped with for adjusting air pressurePlug head with ventilation；Offer the first passage being connected with its vent cap and the second ventilation in the rear end of pistonHole, when piston carries out return or stroke movement, air distribution hole B realizes replacing connecting with the first passage and the second passage respectivelyLogical；Air drain A, B are offered on the lateral wall of piston, air drain A connects the first passage and front air chamber, air drain B connection second is led toPore and rear gas chamber；Annular groove A is offered on the inwall of gun tube, for control unlatching between air drain A and front air chamber orClose.
It is provided with the mouth of pipe of heretofore described distribution bar front end towards mouth of pipe disposed inboard and for installing the ring of plug headShape edgewise；Described plug head has "T"-shaped cross section structure, and offers passage on plug head, and wherein plug head is bigHead end is located at supply intracavity, and is close on annular edgewise, and the little head end of plug head is arranged on the installation that annular edgewise is surroundedKong Zhong.
In the present invention on gun tube inwall and the rear end face against front connector is installed with drill bit retaining ring and piston card successivelySpring.
Heretofore described air distribution hole B is made up of the 4-6 side wall through hole of cylindrical arrangement along distribution bar front end；TheOne passage and the second passage offer and described through hole identical quantity, and are arranged circumferentially about each along piston, and first leads toPore and the corresponding air drain A and air drain B being equipped with equal number of the second passage；Annular groove is offered on the lateral wall of pistonB, in order to connect each air drain A.
Present configuration is simple, design is ingenious, fault rate is low, be easy to maintenance, by being optimized to the gas circuit of impacterDesign, and in the front end of distribution bar, the plug head for adjusting blast and ventilation is installed, keeping, impacter power is constantIn the case of, by reducing the frequency of impact of piston, increase the impulsive force of impacter, and begin while impacter is punched outGuarantee that certain blast and ventilation carry out deslagging to the bottom hole of drill bit eventually, overcome existing impacter in punching because can notIn time scarfing cinder and the problem of burying and bit freezing occurs, punching depth reaches 200～1000m it is adaptable to beat deep hole well, deep hole baseDeep hole occasion is beaten needed for plinth stake and various civil engineering and underground mining.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of control pipe in the present invention.
In figure：Joint after 1,2 gun tubes, 3 front connectors, 4 drill bits, 5 control pipes, 6 pistons, 7 passagesRoad, 8 distribution bars, 9 non-return valves, 10 air distribution hole A, 11 supply air cavity, 12 rear gas chamber, 13 tail pipes, air chamber before 14,15 air distribution hole B, 16 plug heads, 17 first passages, 18 second passages, 19 air drain A, 20 passages,21 annular edgewise, 22 installing holes, 23 drill bit retaining rings, 24 piston circlips, 25 lock pins, 26 air drain B, 27 ringsConnected in star A, 28 annular groove B.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1-2, a kind of adjustable high blast deep hole impacter of frequency of impact, after fitting together successivelyJoint 1, gun tube 2 and front connector 3 and drill bit 4, are set with control pipe 5 and are fixed, in gun tube 2 by lock pin 25 in rear joint 1It is set with piston 6, in rear joint 1, piston 6 and drill bit 4, be equipped with vent cap 7；Control pipe 5 has front side distribution bar 8 HeRear side non-return valve 9 and air distribution hole A10, air distribution hole A10 is for the confession in the vent cap 7 and distribution bar 8 in joint 1 after connectionAir cavity 11, is matched with the vent cap 7 in piston 6 in the front end of distribution bar 8；Described gun tube 2, the rear end of piston 6 and control pipe 5And after joint 1 surround rear gas chamber 12, drill bit 4 tail end equipped with the tail pipe matching with the vent cap 7 of piston 6 front end13, gun tube 2, the front end of piston 6, tail pipe 13 and drill bit 4 and front connector 3 surround front air chamber 14；The side of described distribution bar 8 front endAir distribution hole B15 is offered on wall, and in its front end equipped with the plug head 16 for adjusting air pressure and ventilation；After piston 6End offers the first passage 17 being connected with its vent cap 7 and the second passage 18, carries out return or stroke in piston 6During motion, air distribution hole B15 realizes alternate communication with the first passage 17 and the second passage 18 respectively；Lateral wall in piston 6On offer air drain A19 vertically, air drain A19 connects the first passage 17 and front air chamber 14, and air drain B26 connects the second passage18 with rear gas chamber 12；Annular groove A27 is offered on the inwall of gun tube 2, for controlling between air drain A19 and front air chamber 14It is turned on and off.
Referring to Fig. 2, it is provided with towards mouth of pipe disposed inboard at the mouth of pipe of distribution bar described in the present embodiment 8 front end and is used for installingThe annular edgewise 21 of plug head 16；Described plug head 16 has "T"-shaped cross section structure, and offers ventilation on plug head 16Hole 20, the wherein stub end of plug head 16 are located at in air cavity 11, and are close on annular edgewise 21, the little head end of plug head 16It is arranged in the installing hole 22 that annular edgewise 21 is surrounded.When actually used, according to air compressor machine provide blast and air quantity, closeReason ground selects plug head 16, the different scalable blast according to passage 20 aperture and the wind with different passage 20 aperturesAmount, thus change the frequency of piston 6 acting（Power is constant, reduces acting frequency and can increase impulsive force）, and keep high-pressure blast to beginAlong vent cap 7, scarfing cinder is carried out to the bottom hole of drill bit 4 eventually.
In the present embodiment on gun tube 2 inwall and the rear end face against front connector 3 is installed with drill bit retaining ring 23 He successivelyPiston circlip 24.
Air distribution hole B15 described in the present embodiment is by the 4-6 side wall sets of vias of cylindrical arrangement along distribution bar 8 front endBecome；First passage 17 and the second passage 18 offer and described through hole identical quantity, and each along piston 6 circumferentially clothPut, the air drain A19 and air drain B26 of the first passage 17 and the second passage 18 corresponding outfit equal number；Outside in piston 6Annular groove B28 is offered on wall, in order to connect each air drain A19.
The work process of the present invention is as follows：
(1) prepare to start：First put down impacter, the rear joint 1 of impacter is docked with the parts of drilling rod, when drill bit 4 and rock stratumContact jack-up piston 6 is when being at shown position, preparation is ready for；
From air compressor machine gases at high pressure P through after vent cap 7 in joint 1, back down non-return valve 9, gas is through control pipe 5On air distribution hole A10 enter supply air cavity 11, carry out distribution by for air cavity 11；
(2) return is run（Piston 6 moves upwards）：Enter the gases at high pressure P for air cavity 11 in control pipe 5, be in figure in piston 6When showing position, the air distribution hole B15 of distribution bar 8 front end is connected with the first passage 17, and the gases at high pressure P1 of distribution is along air drainAir chamber 14 before 19 entrance, the gases at high pressure in front air chamber 14 expand because air pressure increases, and promote piston 6 to move upwards.When piston 6When moving upward to the air distribution hole B15 of distribution bar 8 front end and being connected with the second passage 18 on piston 6, divide from air distribution hole B15The gases at high pressure P2 joining enters rear gas chamber 12 by the second passage 18, and the gases at high pressure in rear gas chamber 12 are opened because air pressure increasesBegin to expand, now the first passage 17 is closed, and the shock surface of piston 6 front end and tail pipe 13 depart from, and is stored in front air chamber 14Gases at high pressure scarfing cinder is carried out to the bottom hole of drill bit 4 by the vent cap 7 in tail pipe 13 and drill bit 4, thus in front air chamber 14Air pressure be gradually reduced, when the air pressure in air pressure and rear gas chamber 12 in current air chamber 14 is equal, piston 6 stops moving upwards,Return terminates；
(3) stroke movement（Piston 6 moves downward）：When the air pressure in rear gas chamber 12 is more than the air pressure in front air chamber 14, piston 6Move downward under draught head and deadweight inertia, and drill hammer 4 carries out broken rock；Again although piston 6 drops to during thisOne passage 17 is communicated with the air distribution hole B15 of distribution bar 8 front end, but because drill bit 4 is impacted broken rock, also can withFall, is in disengaged condition by this tail pipe 13 with piston 6, so that front air chamber 14 can not form the space of closing, therefore livesPlug 6 moves downward under gas pressure always, until piston 6 is departed from the distribution bar 8 in control pipe 5, now in rear gas chamber 12Vent cap 7 in the vent cap 7 of piston 6, tail pipe 13 and drill bit 4 for the gases at high pressure bottom hole of drill bit 4 is carried out clearlySlag, the air pressure in rear gas chamber 12 is gradually reduced；
(4) return and stroke movement be alternately：After the air pressure in rear gas chamber 12 is gradually reduced to a certain extent, piston 6 is notImpact again, impacter can be so that impacter be in diagram state in the presence of the feed power of rig, and impacter is once in figureShow state, piston 6 is about to begin and carries out return motion；
(5) bottom hole scarfing cinder：The scarfing cinder process of drill bit 4 bottom hole is carried out in two gas circuits respectively, wherein one tunnel is that piston 6 is being carried outDuring stroke and return, carry out scarfing cinder using the bottom hole that front air chamber 14 and rear gas chamber 12 pressure release are vented to drill bit 12；In additionOne tunnel be from distribution bar 8 distribution gases at high pressure P0 through plug head 16, the vent cap 7 of piston 6, tail pipe 13 and drill bit 4Vent cap 7 all the time scarfing cinder is carried out to the bottom hole of drill bit 4.