技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电力安全领域，尤其涉及一种配电系统电缆廊道作业定位保护装置。The invention relates to the field of electric power safety, in particular to a positioning protection device for cable corridor operation in a power distribution system.
背景技术Background technique
城市中心区域人口密集，行政、经济、商业、交通相对集中。城市中心区域用电负荷密度大，供电质量和可靠性要求高，对供电组网及供电设施提出了更高的要求。随着现代化城市的进程，越来越多的城市中心区域采用地下隧道供电来代替高空架线的方式。但这方式因需要地下隧道或电缆夹层作业，因而存在一个隧道环境的问题需要保障，才能保证供电系统的正常运作和工作人员进入电缆夹层或隧道检修维护的人身安全，电缆隧道，电缆夹层环境复杂，在电缆隧道，电缆夹层的空气中，含氧量低，还存在多种有害气体如一氧化碳、甲烷、硫化氢等，这样给检修维护人员带来极大的安全隐患。The central area of the city is densely populated, and the administration, economy, commerce, and transportation are relatively concentrated. The power load density in the central area of the city is high, and the quality and reliability of power supply are high, which puts forward higher requirements for power supply network and power supply facilities. With the progress of modern cities, more and more urban centers use underground tunnels for power supply instead of high-altitude wires. However, because this method requires underground tunnels or cable interlayer operations, there is a tunnel environment problem that needs to be guaranteed to ensure the normal operation of the power supply system and the personal safety of workers entering the cable interlayer or tunnel maintenance. Cable tunnels and cable interlayer environments are complex. , In the cable tunnel and the air in the cable interlayer, the oxygen content is low, and there are many harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen sulfide, etc., which bring great safety hazards to maintenance personnel.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服上述现有技术中的不足，本发明的目的在于，提供一种配电系统电缆廊道作业定位保护装置，包括：头盔以及与头盔连接的制氧装置；In order to overcome the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a positioning protection device for cable corridor operation in a power distribution system, including: a helmet and an oxygen generator connected to the helmet;
头盔设有盔壳和玻璃面罩；玻璃面罩与盔壳活动连接；The helmet is provided with a helmet shell and a glass mask; the glass mask is movably connected with the helmet shell;
盔壳上设有无线通信装置、充电电池、定位装置、照明装置、用于感应电缆隧道内氧含量的氧含量传感器、控制装置、温控器、检测组件、散热风扇、一氧化碳检测模块、无线电通话器、面部识别摄像头和环境摄像头；盔壳内表面涂设有防辐射隔离层，盔壳内部设有LED紫外灯和负离子发生器，内藏式卫星接收天线；The helmet shell is equipped with a wireless communication device, a rechargeable battery, a positioning device, a lighting device, an oxygen content sensor for sensing the oxygen content in the cable tunnel, a control device, a temperature controller, a detection component, a cooling fan, a carbon monoxide detection module, and a radio call device, facial recognition camera and environmental camera; the inner surface of the helmet shell is coated with a radiation-proof isolation layer, and the inside of the helmet shell is equipped with an LED ultraviolet lamp and an anion generator, and a built-in satellite receiving antenna;
散热风扇上设有散热网架，散热网架上依次设有颗粒过滤层，HEPA过滤层，纳米沸石过滤层；The heat dissipation fan is equipped with a heat dissipation grid, and the heat dissipation grid is successively equipped with a particle filter layer, a HEPA filter layer, and a nano-zeolite filter layer;
温控器包括测温探头和风扇控制电路，所述测温探头固设在盔壳内部温度，所述风扇控制电路分别与散热风扇和充电电池连接，风扇控制电路用于当盔壳内部温度超过预设值时，风扇控制电路控制散热风扇运行，对盔壳内部散热；The thermostat includes a temperature measuring probe and a fan control circuit, the temperature measuring probe is fixed at the internal temperature of the helmet shell, and the fan control circuit is connected with the cooling fan and the rechargeable battery respectively, and the fan control circuit is used when the internal temperature of the helmet shell exceeds At the preset value, the fan control circuit controls the operation of the cooling fan to dissipate heat inside the helmet shell;
所述无线通信装置、定位装置、照明装置、氧含量传感器、控制装置、散热风扇、检测组件、一氧化碳检测模块、LED紫外灯、负离子发生器、面部识别摄像头和环境摄像头分别与充电电池连接，使充电电池供电；The wireless communication device, the positioning device, the lighting device, the oxygen content sensor, the control device, the cooling fan, the detection assembly, the carbon monoxide detection module, the LED ultraviolet lamp, the negative ion generator, the facial recognition camera and the environmental camera are respectively connected with the rechargeable battery, so that Powered by rechargeable battery;
无线通信装置包括：蓝牙模块、2.4G模块、GSM模块、WCDMA模块、CDMA模块和TD-SCDMA模块中的至少一种；The wireless communication device includes: at least one of a Bluetooth module, a 2.4G module, a GSM module, a WCDMA module, a CDMA module and a TD-SCDMA module;
LED紫外灯、负离子发生器、一氧化碳检测模块、无线通信装置、定位装置、氧含量传感器、检测组件、面部识别摄像头和环境摄像头分别与控制装置电连接；LED ultraviolet lamp, negative ion generator, carbon monoxide detection module, wireless communication device, positioning device, oxygen content sensor, detection component, facial recognition camera and environment camera are respectively electrically connected with the control device;
检测组件包括：烟雾传感器、强光传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器、二极管Cc1、二极管Cc2、二极管Cc3、二极管Cc4、二极管Cc5、二极管Cc6、电阻Rc1、调节电阻Rc2、调节电阻Rc3、调节电阻Rc4、调节电阻Rc5、调节电阻Rc6、电阻Rc7、电阻Rc8、报警器Lc；Detection components include: smoke sensor, strong light sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, diode Cc1, diode Cc2, diode Cc3, diode Cc4, diode Cc5, diode Cc6, resistor Rc1, adjusting resistor Rc2, adjusting resistor Rc3, adjusting resistor Rc4, Adjust resistor Rc5, adjust resistor Rc6, resistor Rc7, resistor Rc8, alarm Lc;
二极管Cc1和电阻Rc8串联连接；电阻Rc7和调节电阻Rc2串联连接，电阻Rc1和电阻Rc7并联，再与调节电阻Rc2的滑动端及二极管Cc1控制端连接；电阻Rc1和电阻Rc7并联的一端分别与控制装置连接，通过二极管Cc3与调节电阻Rc3滑动端连接，通过二极管Cc4与调节电阻Rc4滑动端连接，通过二极管Cc5与调节电阻Rc5滑动端连接，通过二极管Cc6与调节电阻Rc6滑动端连接；调节电阻Rc2用于调节检测组件的整体灵敏度；报警器Lc与控制装置连接；The diode Cc1 is connected in series with the resistor Rc8; the resistor Rc7 is connected in series with the adjusting resistor Rc2, the resistor Rc1 is connected in parallel with the resistor Rc7, and then connected with the sliding end of the adjusting resistor Rc2 and the control end of the diode Cc1; the parallel ends of the resistor Rc1 and the resistor Rc7 are respectively connected to the control Device connection, connect the sliding end of the adjusting resistor Rc3 through the diode Cc3, connect the sliding end of the adjusting resistor Rc4 through the diode Cc4, connect the sliding end of the adjusting resistor Rc5 through the diode Cc5, connect the sliding end of the adjusting resistor Rc6 through the diode Cc6; adjust the resistor Rc2 Used to adjust the overall sensitivity of the detection components; the alarm Lc is connected with the control device;
强光传感器一端连接电源，另一端通过调节电阻Rc3接地，调节电阻Rc3调节强光传感器的灵敏度；烟雾传感器一端连接电源，另一端通过调节电阻Rc4接地，调节电阻Rc4调节烟雾传感器的灵敏度；温度传感器一端连接电源，另一端通过调节电阻Rc5接地，调节电阻Rc5调节温度传感器的灵敏度；湿度传感器一端连接电源，另一端通过调节电阻Rc6接地，调节电阻Rc6调节湿度传感器的灵敏度；烟雾传感器、强光传感器、温度传感器以及湿度传感器分别感应烟雾量、强光量、温度量以及湿度量，并将烟雾量、强光量、温度量以及湿度量传输至控制装置；当接收烟雾量、强光量、温度量以及湿度量超出预设值时，将超出数据信息发送给控制装置，控制装置接收超出数据信息并通过无线通信装置传输至上位机，同时当烟雾量、强光量、温度量以及湿度量任一量超出预警值时，控制装置控制报警器Lc发出报警声；One end of the strong light sensor is connected to the power supply, the other end is grounded by adjusting the resistor Rc3, and the sensitivity of the strong light sensor is adjusted by adjusting the resistor Rc3; one end of the smoke sensor is connected to the power supply, and the other end is grounded by adjusting the resistor Rc4, and the sensitivity of the smoke sensor is adjusted by adjusting the resistor Rc4; the temperature sensor One end is connected to the power supply, the other end is grounded by adjusting the resistor Rc5, and the sensitivity of the temperature sensor is adjusted by adjusting the resistor Rc5; one end of the humidity sensor is connected to the power supply, and the other end is grounded by adjusting the resistor Rc6, and the sensitivity of the humidity sensor is adjusted by adjusting the resistor Rc6; smoke sensor, strong light sensor , temperature sensor and humidity sensor respectively sense the amount of smoke, glare, temperature and humidity, and transmit the amount of smoke, glare, temperature and humidity to the control device; when receiving the amount of smoke, glare, temperature When the amount of smoke and humidity exceeds the preset value, the excess data information will be sent to the control device, and the control device will receive the excess data information and transmit it to the host computer through the wireless communication device. When the amount exceeds the warning value, the control device controls the alarm Lc to sound an alarm;
盔壳的外表面涂有保护层；保护层依次包括：耐磨层、树脂基层、中间层和低面层；所述树脂基层为环氧树脂基层；所述中间层为接枝有苯乙烯的二氧化硅纳米粒子；所述低面层为天然蜡质表层或石蜡表层；The outer surface of the helmet shell is coated with a protective layer; the protective layer includes in turn: a wear-resistant layer, a resin base layer, a middle layer and a lower surface layer; the resin base layer is an epoxy resin base layer; the middle layer is grafted with styrene Silica nanoparticles; the lower surface layer is a natural waxy surface layer or a paraffin wax surface layer;
所述控制装置包括：用于接收氧含量传感器感应电缆隧道内氧含量的氧含量接收模块、用于接收温度传感器感应电缆隧道内温度的温度接收模块、用于接收湿度传感器感应电缆隧道内湿度的湿度接收模块、一氧化碳接收模块、面部区域设置模块、面部识别模块、视频预处理模块、视频放大处理模块、心率信号消噪处理模块、心率值转换模块、心率与摄氧量折算模块、报警提示模块、摄氧量比较模块、用于控制LED紫外灯的LED紫外灯控制模块、用于控制负离子发生器的负离子发生器控制模块、定位模块；The control device includes: an oxygen content receiving module for receiving the oxygen content sensor sensing the oxygen content in the cable tunnel, a temperature receiving module for receiving the temperature sensor sensing the temperature in the cable tunnel, and a humidity sensor sensing the humidity in the cable tunnel. Humidity receiving module, carbon monoxide receiving module, facial area setting module, facial recognition module, video preprocessing module, video amplification processing module, heart rate signal denoising processing module, heart rate value conversion module, heart rate and oxygen uptake conversion module, alarm prompt module , an oxygen uptake comparison module, an LED ultraviolet lamp control module for controlling the LED ultraviolet lamp, an anion generator control module for controlling the anion generator, and a positioning module;
所述面部区域设置模块用于设置面部敏感区域；The facial area setting module is used to set facial sensitive areas;
所述面部识别摄像头用于获取面部视频图像；The facial recognition camera is used to obtain facial video images;
所述面部识别模块用于从获取的面部视频图像中的每一帧中选取面部敏感区域作为后续的心率信号的提取区域；当在获取的视频中，某一帧中的选取面部敏感区域失败时，使用上一帧中的面部敏感区域作为当前帧中的面部敏感区域；The facial recognition module is used to select a facial sensitive area as an extraction area of a subsequent heart rate signal from each frame of the acquired facial video image; when in the acquired video, the selected facial sensitive area in a certain frame fails , using the face-sensitive area in the previous frame as the face-sensitive area in the current frame;
所述视频预处理模块用于对选取的面部敏感区域的视频帧进行计量，当计量的帧数达到预设帧数时，将所述视频帧发送至视频放大处理模块；当计量的帧数未达到预设帧数时，继续计量视频帧直至达到预设帧数；The video preprocessing module is used to measure the video frames of the selected facial sensitive area, and when the measured frame number reaches the preset frame number, the video frame is sent to the video amplification processing module; when the measured frame number is not When the preset number of frames is reached, continue to measure video frames until the preset number of frames is reached;
所述视频放大处理模块用于对所述视频预处理模块发送的视频帧进行视频放大处理，将放大处理后的视频帧在RGB颜色空间内进行分解，形成三幅单通道图像；分别计算三通道图像的面部敏感区域内像素的空间平均值，形成对应每一帧的红绿蓝三个信号值，信号值范围在0～255之间，每一帧的红绿蓝三个信号值形成三个原始信号序列，以使从每一帧中放大出心率信号；The video amplification processing module is used to perform video amplification processing on the video frame sent by the video preprocessing module, and decompose the enlarged video frame in the RGB color space to form three single-channel images; calculate three channels respectively The spatial average value of the pixels in the facial sensitive area of the image forms the three signal values of red, green and blue corresponding to each frame. The signal value range is between 0 and 255. The three signal values of red, green and blue in each frame form three Raw signal sequence such that the heart rate signal is amplified from each frame;
所述心率信号消噪处理模块用于对原始心率信号序列进行带通滤波处理，以调整信号波形和消除噪声的影响；The heart rate signal denoising processing module is used to bandpass filter the original heart rate signal sequence to adjust the signal waveform and eliminate the influence of noise;
所述心率值转换模块用于对消除噪声的三个信号序列分别进行FFT变换，计算三个信号序列的对应功率谱密度，选取G通道信号序列中最大功率对应的频率作为心率的计算值；The heart rate value conversion module is used to perform FFT transformation on the three signal sequences that eliminate noise, calculate the corresponding power spectral densities of the three signal sequences, and select the frequency corresponding to the maximum power in the G channel signal sequence as the calculated value of the heart rate;
所述心率与摄氧量折算模块用于将心率的计算值折算成使用人员的摄氧量；The heart rate and oxygen uptake conversion module is used to convert the calculated value of the heart rate into the oxygen uptake of the user;
所述摄氧量比较模块用于将心率与摄氧量折算模块折算的使用人员的摄氧量与预设的摄氧量进行比较，当使用人员的摄氧量低于预设的摄氧量时，报警提示模块发出报警提示；The oxygen uptake comparison module is used to compare the user's oxygen uptake converted by the heart rate and oxygen uptake conversion module with the preset oxygen uptake, when the user's oxygen uptake is lower than the preset oxygen uptake , the alarm prompt module sends an alarm prompt;
定位模块与定位装置连接，定位模块用于通过定位装置获取装置的位置信息，将位置信息通过无线通信装置上传至上位机；The positioning module is connected with the positioning device, and the positioning module is used to obtain the position information of the device through the positioning device, and upload the position information to the host computer through the wireless communication device;
制氧装置包括：固定板，固定板上安置有制氧机构、输气管、氧气缓冲室、呼吸嘴、氧气净化室、制氧控制开关；The oxygen generating device includes: a fixed plate, on which an oxygen generating mechanism, a gas delivery pipe, an oxygen buffer chamber, a breathing mouth, an oxygen purification chamber, and an oxygen generating control switch are placed on the fixed plate;
固定板上设有两个安装扣，两个安装扣上分别设有吊带，盔壳的边缘处设有绑接孔，吊带与绑接孔相绑接；There are two installation buckles on the fixed plate, and the two installation buckles are respectively provided with suspenders, and the edge of the helmet shell is provided with binding holes, and the suspenders are bound to the binding holes;
制氧机构通过输气管与氧气缓冲室连接，氧气缓冲室通过输气管与氧气净化室，氧气净化室通过输气管与呼吸嘴连接；The oxygen generating mechanism is connected to the oxygen buffer chamber through the air pipe, the oxygen buffer chamber is connected to the oxygen purification chamber through the air pipe, and the oxygen purification chamber is connected to the breathing mouth through the air pipe;
制氧机构包括：制氧壳体，制氧壳体内设有多个制氧仓，靠近制氧壳体内壁设有输氧通道，每个制氧仓的出氧口分别与输氧通道连接，每个制氧仓的出氧口上设有出氧电磁阀；制氧壳体上设有壳体出氧口，壳体出氧口上设有出氧传感器；The oxygen-generating mechanism includes: an oxygen-generating shell, in which there are multiple oxygen-generating chambers, and an oxygen delivery channel is arranged near the inner wall of the oxygen-generating shell. The oxygen outlet of the oxygen chamber is provided with an oxygen solenoid valve; the oxygen generator housing is provided with a housing oxygen outlet, and the housing oxygen outlet is provided with an oxygen sensor;
制氧仓包括：过氧化钠仓和水仓；过氧化钠仓和水仓之间设有隔板，隔板上设有连通孔，连通孔上设有制氧电磁阀；过氧化钠仓内部设有过氧化钠，水仓内部设有水；The oxygen production chamber includes: a sodium peroxide chamber and a water chamber; there is a partition between the sodium peroxide chamber and the water chamber, a communication hole is provided on the partition, and an oxygen generating solenoid valve is provided on the communication hole; the inside of the sodium peroxide chamber is Sodium peroxide is provided, and water is provided inside the water tank;
制氧控制开关分别与出氧传感器、出氧电磁阀、控制装置和制氧电磁阀电连接；The oxygen generation control switch is electrically connected with the oxygen output sensor, the oxygen output electromagnetic valve, the control device and the oxygen generation electromagnetic valve respectively;
制氧控制开关包括：制氧开关、出氧量感应模块、出氧电磁阀控制模块、制氧电磁阀控制模块、出氧量传输模块；The oxygen production control switch includes: an oxygen production switch, an oxygen output sensing module, an oxygen electromagnetic valve control module, an oxygen electromagnetic valve control module, and an oxygen output transmission module;
所述出氧量感应模块用于接收出氧传感器感应的出氧量；The oxygen output sensing module is used to receive the oxygen output sensed by the oxygen sensor;
所述制氧开关用于接收使用人员的控制开关指令；The oxygen generator switch is used to receive the control switch instruction from the user;
所述制氧电磁阀控制模块用于当制氧开关用于接收使用人员的开启制氧指令时，控制打开一个制氧电磁阀，使过水仓内的水流入过氧化钠仓，水和过氧化钠反应产生氧气，并在预设的时间间隔逐一打开制氧电磁阀，使过氧化钠和水混合制氧；The oxygen generating electromagnetic valve control module is used to control and open an oxygen generating electromagnetic valve when the oxygen generating switch is used to receive an instruction to start the oxygen generating from the user, so that the water in the water tank flows into the sodium peroxide tank, and the water and the filter Sodium oxide reacts to generate oxygen, and opens the oxygen solenoid valve one by one at preset time intervals to make sodium peroxide and water mix to produce oxygen;
所述出氧电磁阀用于当制氧电磁阀打开后，控制出氧电磁阀打开，使氧气流至输氧通道，并流出制氧机构；The oxygen outlet solenoid valve is used to control the opening of the oxygen outlet solenoid valve after the oxygen generation solenoid valve is opened, so that oxygen flows to the oxygen delivery channel and flows out of the oxygen generation mechanism;
所述出氧量传输模块用于将出氧传感器感应的出氧量传输至控制装置。The oxygen output transmission module is used to transmit the oxygen output sensed by the oxygen output sensor to the control device.
优选地，所述氧气净化室内盛有水，在水面上覆有阻水透气膜。Preferably, the oxygen purification chamber contains water, and the water surface is covered with a water-blocking and gas-permeable film.
所述氧气缓冲室内设有多个氧气隔板，氧气隔板交错排列布置。The oxygen buffer chamber is provided with a plurality of oxygen partitions, and the oxygen partitions are arranged in a staggered arrangement.
优选地，控制装置还包括：时钟电路、处理器；Preferably, the control device further includes: a clock circuit, a processor;
所述时钟电路用于通过对处理器的时钟设置，完成处理器时钟的设置；时钟电路与处理器连接，在控制指令字符输入后的下一个SULK时钟的上升沿时数据被写入，数据从低位0开始输入处理器；在紧跟8位的控制指令字后的下一个脉冲的下降沿读出处理器数据，读出数据时从低位0位至高位7；XI,X2引脚连接晶振，为处理器提供及时脉冲；The clock circuit is used to complete the setting of the processor clock by setting the clock of the processor; the clock circuit is connected with the processor, and the data is written on the rising edge of the next SULK clock after the control instruction character is input, and the data is from The low-order 0 starts to be input to the processor; the processor data is read on the falling edge of the next pulse following the 8-bit control instruction word, and the data is read from the low-order 0 to the high-order 7; XI, X2 pins are connected to the crystal oscillator, Provide timely pulses to the processor;
所述时钟电路包括：时钟芯片、石英振荡模块、时钟放大模块、时钟电容Csz1、时钟电容Csz2、时钟电阻Rsz1、时钟电阻Rsz2；The clock circuit includes: a clock chip, a quartz oscillator module, a clock amplification module, a clock capacitor Csz1, a clock capacitor Csz2, a clock resistor Rsz1, and a clock resistor Rsz2;
所述时钟芯片以秒、分、时、日期为时钟数据，通过读或写获得和修改时钟数据；所述时钟芯片内部有114个字节的静态RAM，用于存放系统通过串行口临时设定的特定字符点阵代码；所述时钟放大模块、时钟电容Csz1、时钟电阻Rsz1组成时钟放大电路；所述时钟电容Csz2、时钟电阻Rsz2组成滤波电路。The clock chip uses seconds, minutes, hours, and dates as clock data, and obtains and modifies the clock data by reading or writing; there is a static RAM of 114 bytes inside the clock chip, which is used to store the temporary settings of the system through the serial port. The specified specific character dot matrix code; the clock amplifier module, the clock capacitor Csz1, and the clock resistor Rsz1 form a clock amplifier circuit; the clock capacitor Csz2 and the clock resistor Rsz2 form a filter circuit.
优选地，盔壳上还设有与充电电池连接的调压电路；Preferably, the helmet shell is also provided with a voltage regulating circuit connected to the rechargeable battery;
调压电路包括：调压电阻RT1、调压电阻RT2、调压电阻RT3、调压电阻RT4、调压电阻RT5、调压电容CT1、调压电容CT2、调压电容CT3、调压三极管QT1、调压三极管QT2、调压三极管QT3、调压三极管QT4、二极管VDT1、二极管VDT2；The voltage regulating circuit includes: voltage regulating resistor RT1, voltage regulating resistor RT2, voltage regulating resistor RT3, voltage regulating resistor RT4, voltage regulating resistor RT5, voltage regulating capacitor CT1, voltage regulating capacitor CT2, voltage regulating capacitor CT3, voltage regulating transistor QT1, Voltage regulating transistor QT2, voltage regulating transistor QT3, voltage regulating transistor QT4, diode VDT1, diode VDT2;
调压电容C T1两端连接调压电路的输入端，调压电路的输入端连接充电电池；调压电阻RT1第一端连接输入端的正极，调压电阻RT1第二端、调压三极管QT2基极，调压电容CT2第一端，调压三极管QT3集电极同时连接，调压三极管QT2基极连接输入端的正极，调压三极管QT3发射极连接调压三极管QT1基极，调压三极管QT1集电极连接输入端的正极，调压三极管QT1发射极连接输出端正极，调压电容CT2第二端接负极；调压电阻RT2、调压电阻RT4、调压电阻RT5串联连接，调压电阻RT2一端连接调压三极管QT1发射极和输出端正极；调压电阻RT5一端连接负极；调压三极管QT3发射极连接至调压电阻RT2与调压电阻RT4之间，并通过连接二极管VDT1正极，二极管VD T2正极接负极；调压三极管QT3基极通过调压电阻RT3接输出端正极，调压三极管QT3基极还与调压三极管QT4集电极连接，调压三极管QT4发射极连接负极，调压三极管QT4基极连接调压电阻RT5滑动端；调压电容CT3两端连接调压电路的输出端；通过调节调压电阻RT5的阻值可以调整调压电路的输出电压；调压三极管QT1、调压三极管QT2用于防止线路过压，控制调压电路的通断；调压电容CT1、调压电容CT3、二极管VDT1、二极管VDT2用于滤波。Both ends of the voltage regulating capacitor C T1 are connected to the input end of the voltage regulating circuit, and the input end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected to the rechargeable battery; Pole, the first end of the voltage regulating capacitor CT2, the collector of the voltage regulating transistor QT3 is connected at the same time, the base of the voltage regulating transistor QT2 is connected to the positive pole of the input terminal, the emitter of the voltage regulating transistor QT3 is connected to the base of the voltage regulating transistor QT1, and the collector of the voltage regulating transistor QT1 Connect the positive pole of the input terminal, the emitter of the voltage regulating transistor QT1 is connected to the positive pole of the output terminal, the second terminal of the voltage regulating capacitor CT2 is connected to the negative pole; the voltage regulating resistor RT2, the voltage regulating resistor RT4, and the voltage regulating resistor RT5 are connected in series, and the voltage regulating resistor RT2 is connected to the regulator The emitter of the voltage regulating transistor QT1 is connected to the positive pole of the output terminal; one end of the voltage regulating resistor RT5 is connected to the negative pole; Negative pole; the base of the voltage regulating transistor QT3 is connected to the positive pole of the output terminal through the voltage regulating resistor RT3, the base of the voltage regulating transistor QT3 is also connected to the collector of the voltage regulating transistor QT4, the emitter of the voltage regulating transistor QT4 is connected to the negative pole, and the base of the voltage regulating transistor QT4 is connected The sliding end of the voltage regulating resistor RT5; the two ends of the voltage regulating capacitor CT3 are connected to the output end of the voltage regulating circuit; the output voltage of the voltage regulating circuit can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the voltage regulating resistor RT5; the voltage regulating transistor QT1 and the voltage regulating transistor QT2 are used for To prevent line overvoltage, control the on-off of the voltage regulating circuit; the voltage regulating capacitor CT1, the voltage regulating capacitor CT3, the diode VDT1, and the diode VDT2 are used for filtering.
优选地，所述视频放大处理模块包括：视频放大处理电路；Preferably, the video amplification processing module includes: a video amplification processing circuit;
所述视频放大处理电路包括：电阻R1、电阻R2、电阻R3、电阻R4、电阻R5、电阻R6、电容C1、电容C2、三极管Q1、放大器U1；The video amplification processing circuit includes: a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a transistor Q1, and an amplifier U1;
视频放大处理模块的输入端、电阻R2第一端、三极管Q1基极同时连接；电阻R2第二端、电阻R1第二端同时接地；三极管Q1集电极接电源；三极管Q1发射极、电容C1第一端、电阻R1第一端同时连接；电容C1第二端、电阻R5第二端、放大器U1正极输入端同时连接，电阻R5第一端接地；电阻R3第一端接地；电阻R3第二端、放大器U1负极输入端、电阻R4第一端、电容C1第一端同时连接，放大器U1负极输出端、电阻R4第二端、电容C1第二端、电阻R6第一端同时连接，电阻R6第二端连接视频放大处理模块的输出端；放大器U1、电阻R4、电容C2为信号放大电路；C1为隔直电容，C2对信号放大电路的带宽进行限制，以滤除信号中的高频噪声和尖峰毛刺；电阻R6为阻抗匹配电阻；电阻R1、电阻R2为三极管Q1的放大倍数控制电阻；视频放大处理电路用于对所述视频预处理模块发送的视频帧进行视频放大处理。The input terminal of the video amplification processing module, the first terminal of the resistor R2, and the base of the transistor Q1 are simultaneously connected; the second terminal of the resistor R2 and the second terminal of the resistor R1 are simultaneously grounded; the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply; the emitter of the transistor Q1, and the first terminal of the capacitor C1 One terminal, the first terminal of resistor R1 are connected at the same time; the second terminal of capacitor C1, the second terminal of resistor R5, and the positive input terminal of amplifier U1 are connected at the same time, the first terminal of resistor R5 is grounded; the first terminal of resistor R3 is grounded; the second terminal of resistor R3 , the negative input terminal of the amplifier U1, the first terminal of the resistor R4, and the first terminal of the capacitor C1 are simultaneously connected, the negative output terminal of the amplifier U1, the second terminal of the resistor R4, the second terminal of the capacitor C1, and the first terminal of the resistor R6 are connected simultaneously, and the first terminal of the resistor R6 The two ends are connected to the output end of the video amplification processing module; the amplifier U1, the resistor R4, and the capacitor C2 are signal amplifying circuits; C1 is a DC blocking capacitor, and C2 limits the bandwidth of the signal amplifying circuit to filter out high-frequency noise and Spike glitch; resistor R6 is an impedance matching resistor; resistor R1 and resistor R2 are magnification control resistors of triode Q1; the video amplification processing circuit is used to perform video amplification processing on the video frame sent by the video preprocessing module.
优选地，所述制氧电磁阀控制模块包括：时令执行模块；Preferably, the oxygen generating solenoid valve control module includes: a seasonal execution module;
所述时令执行模块包括：定时器、定时电阻Rd1、定时电阻Rd2、定时电阻Rd3、定时电阻Rd4、定时电容Cd1、定时电容Cd2、定时电容Cd3、定时电容Cd4、定时电容Cd5、定时电容Cd6；定时器的一脚和二脚通过定时电阻Rd1接地，定时器的一脚和二脚还通过定时电阻Rd2接电源；定时器的三脚和四脚接电源；定时器的六脚分别通过定时电阻Rd1接电源，通过定时电容Cd6接时令执行模块的输入端；定时器的七脚接地，定时器的八脚分别通过定时电阻Rd4接电源，通过定时电容Cd5接时令执行模块的输出端一；定时器的九脚接时令执行模块的输出端二；定时器的十脚通过定时电容Cd4接地，定时器的十一脚通过定时电容Cd3接地，定时器的十二脚、定时器的十三脚分别通过定时电阻Rd3接电源，通过定时电容Cd2接地；The timing execution module includes: timer, timing resistor Rd1, timing resistor Rd2, timing resistor Rd3, timing resistor Rd4, timing capacitor Cd1, timing capacitor Cd2, timing capacitor Cd3, timing capacitor Cd4, timing capacitor Cd5, timing capacitor Cd6; The first and second feet of the timer are grounded through the timing resistor Rd1, and the first and second feet of the timer are also connected to the power supply through the timing resistor Rd2; the third and fourth feet of the timer are connected to the power supply; the six feet of the timer are respectively connected to the timing resistor Rd1 Connect to the power supply, connect the input terminal of the timing execution module through the timing capacitor Cd6; connect the seven pins of the timer to the ground, connect the eight pins of the timer to the power supply through the timing resistor Rd4, and connect the output terminal 1 of the timing execution module through the timing capacitor Cd5; the timer The nine pins of the timer are connected to the output terminal two of the timing execution module; the ten pins of the timer are grounded through the timing capacitor Cd4, the eleven pins of the timer are grounded through the timing capacitor Cd3, the twelve pins of the timer, and the thirteen pins of the timer are respectively grounded through The timing resistor Rd3 is connected to the power supply and grounded through the timing capacitor Cd2;
定时电阻Rd2和定时电容Cd1用于设置定时器的打开每个制氧电磁阀之间的时间间隔；定时器用于设置打开所有制氧电磁阀所需要的时长；Timing resistor Rd2 and timing capacitor Cd1 are used to set the time interval between opening each oxygen generating solenoid valve of the timer; the timer is used to set the time required to open all oxygen generating solenoid valves;
定时电阻Rd3和定时电容Cd2用于设置定时器的第二时间间隔；Timing resistor Rd3 and timing capacitor Cd2 are used to set the second time interval of the timer;
定时电阻Rd4和定时电容Cd5用于接收计数脉冲，在打开一个制氧电磁阀并经过预设的时间间隔后，产生一脉冲打开后一个制氧电磁阀。Timing resistor Rd4 and timing capacitor Cd5 are used to receive counting pulses, and after opening an oxygen generating solenoid valve and after a preset time interval, a pulse is generated to open the next oxygen generating solenoid valve.
优选地，所述控制装置还包括：一氧化碳浓度标准设置模块，一氧化碳浓度比较模块，一氧化碳报警模块；Preferably, the control device further includes: a carbon monoxide concentration standard setting module, a carbon monoxide concentration comparison module, and a carbon monoxide alarm module;
所述一氧化碳浓度标准设置模块用于将一氧化碳浓度设置为反应最低浓度级别、短时间停留级别、正常工作浓度级别，将三种不同级别一氧化碳浓度的气体制作成三种标准气，将每种标准气对应一个电压信号，得到每个级别中一氧化碳浓度与电压信号对应的三个点，将这三个点连接，得到由两条线段组成的一条折线，所述两条线段分别用关系式y＝a1x0+b1和y＝a2x0+b2表示，其中y为一氧化碳的浓度，a1、a2分别为对应线段的斜率，x0为电压信号，b1、b2分别为对应线段的起点浓度；The carbon monoxide concentration standard setting module is used to set the carbon monoxide concentration as the lowest concentration level of reaction, the short-time residence level, and the normal working concentration level, and the gas of three different levels of carbon monoxide concentration is made into three kinds of standard gases, and each standard gas Corresponding to a voltage signal, three points corresponding to the concentration of carbon monoxide in each level and the voltage signal are obtained, and these three points are connected to obtain a broken line composed of two line segments, and the two line segments are respectively expressed by the relationship y=a1x0 +b1 and y=a2x0+b2 represent, wherein y is the concentration of carbon monoxide, a1, a2 are respectively the slope of the corresponding line segment, x0 is the voltage signal, b1, b2 are respectively the starting point concentration of the corresponding line segment;
所述一氧化碳浓度比较模块用于根据一氧化碳浓度接收模块接收的一氧化碳浓度，将一氧化碳浓度转换为一个电压信号，再根据标准气对应的三个电压信号，判断所述电压信号x处在三个电压信号的那个范围区间内，之后再将电压信号x直接代入对应的关系式得出一氧化碳的浓度值；The carbon monoxide concentration comparison module is used to convert the carbon monoxide concentration into a voltage signal according to the carbon monoxide concentration received by the carbon monoxide concentration receiving module, and then judge that the voltage signal x is in the three voltage signals according to the three voltage signals corresponding to the standard gas In the range interval, then directly substitute the voltage signal x into the corresponding relational formula to obtain the concentration value of carbon monoxide;
所述一氧化碳报警模块用于当判断一氧化碳浓度达到短时间停留级别时，提示工作人员佩戴制氧装置；当判断一氧化碳浓度达到反应最低浓度级别提示工作人员佩戴制氧装置，并迅速离开现场。The carbon monoxide alarm module is used to remind the staff to wear an oxygen generator when it is judged that the carbon monoxide concentration reaches the short-term stay level; when it is judged that the carbon monoxide concentration reaches the lowest reaction concentration level, it prompts the staff to wear an oxygen generator and leave the scene quickly.
优选地，定位装置包括：定位芯片、定位电阻RD1、定位电阻RD2、定位电容CD1、定位灯LED；定位芯片一脚接电源，定位芯片二脚、三脚接数据输入输出，定位芯片五脚接地，定位芯片六脚通过定位电阻RD2接地，定位芯片六脚为复位脚通过定位电容CD1接电源；定位芯片一脚和五脚之间串联连接有定位电阻RD1和定位灯LED；当定位芯片在定位过程中时，定位灯LED闪烁提示。Preferably, the positioning device includes: a positioning chip, a positioning resistor RD1 , a positioning resistor RD2 , a positioning capacitor CD1 , and a positioning light LED; one pin of the positioning chip is connected to the power supply, the second pin and the third pin of the positioning chip are connected to data input and output, and the fifth pin of the positioning chip is connected to the power supply. The pin is grounded, the six pins of the positioning chip are grounded through the positioning resistorRD2 , and the six pins of the positioning chip are the reset pin connected to the power supply through the positioning capacitor CD1 ; the positioning resistor RD1 and the positioning light LED are connected in series between the pin one and the five pins of the positioning chip; When the positioning chip is in the process of positioning, the positioning light LED flashes to prompt.
从以上技术方案可以看出，本发明具有以下优点：As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages:
电缆廊道作业定位保护装置功能多样，结构紧凑、不仅能够保障作业人员的人身安全，并具有无线通讯功能，方便人们在施工现场指挥作业，提高了工作效率；散热风扇和温控装置可根据设定的温度实施降温，起到散热的作用；通过定位装置快速锁定佩戴者位置。The cable corridor operation positioning protection device has various functions and compact structure. It can not only guarantee the personal safety of the operators, but also has a wireless communication function, which is convenient for people to command operations on the construction site and improves work efficiency. The cooling fan and temperature control device can be adjusted according to the design. Cool down at a certain temperature to play the role of heat dissipation; quickly lock the position of the wearer through the positioning device.
当一氧化碳量、烟雾量，强光量，温度量，湿度量任一量超出预警值时，控制装置控制报警器Lc发出报警声，可以提醒使用者当前环境处于预警状态。同时控制装置可将烟雾量，强光量，温度量，湿度量超出预设值通过无线通信装置传输至上位机，使上位机的管理人员实时了解电缆隧道内部环境情况信息，以便及时作出正确指挥，保护人员安全。When any amount of carbon monoxide, smog, glare, temperature, or humidity exceeds the warning value, the control device controls the alarm Lc to sound an alarm, which can remind the user that the current environment is in the warning state. At the same time, the control device can transmit the amount of smoke, glare, temperature, and humidity exceeding the preset value to the host computer through the wireless communication device, so that the management personnel of the host computer can understand the internal environment information of the cable tunnel in real time, so as to make correct instructions in time , to protect personnel safety.
面部识别摄像头可以面部视频图像，从获取的面部视频图像中的每一帧中选取面部敏感区域作为后续的心率信号的提取区域；当使用人员的摄氧量低于预设的摄氧量时，或者当判断一氧化碳浓度达到一定级别时，提示工作人员通过制氧装置呼吸，同时通过面部识别摄像头获取人员身体状态；当判断一氧化碳浓度达到反应最低浓度级别时，提示人员迅速离开现场。人员使用制氧装置吸氧，开启制氧开关，使过水仓内的水流入过氧化钠仓，水和过氧化钠反应产生氧气。使用人员将呼吸嘴对准口部进行吸氧。在数据信息的获取，处理，制氧，吸氧整个过程稳定可靠，制氧机构制氧效率高，制得的氧气浓度可满足缺氧环境下工作人员的供氧需求。The facial recognition camera can use the facial video image, and select the facial sensitive area from each frame of the acquired facial video image as the extraction area of the subsequent heart rate signal; when the oxygen uptake of the user is lower than the preset oxygen uptake, Or when it is judged that the concentration of carbon monoxide reaches a certain level, prompt the staff to breathe through the oxygen generator, and at the same time obtain the physical condition of the personnel through the facial recognition camera; Personnel use the oxygen generating device to inhale oxygen, turn on the oxygen generating switch, so that the water in the water tank flows into the sodium peroxide tank, and the water and sodium peroxide react to generate oxygen. The user aligns the mouthpiece with the mouth for oxygen inhalation. The entire process of data information acquisition, processing, oxygen production, and oxygen inhalation is stable and reliable. The oxygen production efficiency of the oxygen production mechanism is high, and the obtained oxygen concentration can meet the oxygen supply needs of the staff in an anoxic environment.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，下面将对描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. As far as people are concerned, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings on the premise of not paying creative work.
图1为头盔的左视结构图；Fig. 1 is the left view structural diagram of helmet;
图2为头盔的右视结构图；Fig. 2 is the right view structural diagram of helmet;
图3为检测组件电路图；Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the detection component;
图4为保护层示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the protective layer;
图5为面部敏感区域示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of facial sensitive areas;
图6为面部敏感区域示意图；Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of facial sensitive areas;
图7为制氧装置结构图；Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of an oxygen generating device;
图8为视频放大处理电路电路图；Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a video amplification processing circuit;
图9为时令执行模块电路图；Fig. 9 is a circuit diagram of the timing execution module;
图10为定位装置电路图；Fig. 10 is the circuit diagram of positioning device;
图11为时钟电路电路图；Fig. 11 is a clock circuit circuit diagram;
图12为调压电路电路图；Fig. 12 is a voltage regulating circuit circuit diagram;
图13为配电系统电缆廊道作业定位保护装置的整体示意图。Fig. 13 is an overall schematic diagram of the positioning protection device for cable corridor operation in the power distribution system.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使得本发明的目的、特征、优点能够更加的明显和易懂，下面将结合本具体实施例中的附图，对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，下面所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而非全部的实施例。基于本专利中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本专利保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in this specific embodiment. Obviously, the implementation described below Examples are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of this patent.
本发明提供了一种配电系统电缆廊道作业定位保护装置，如图1至13所示，包括：头盔以及与头盔连接的制氧装置18；The present invention provides a positioning protection device for cable corridor operation in a power distribution system, as shown in Figures 1 to 13, comprising: a helmet and an oxygen generator 18 connected to the helmet;
头盔设有盔壳1和玻璃面罩15；玻璃面罩15与盔壳1活动连接；The helmet is provided with a helmet shell 1 and a glass mask 15; the glass mask 15 is movably connected with the helmet shell 1;
盔壳1上设有无线通信装置3、充电电池10、定位装置7、照明装置2、用于感应电缆隧道内氧含量的氧含量传感器11、控制装置8、温控器、检测组件4、散热风扇9、一氧化碳检测模块5、用于与其他定位保护装置通过无线电通话的无线电通话器13、面部识别摄像头17和环境摄像头12；盔壳内表面涂设有防辐射隔离层，盔壳内部设有LED紫外灯和负离子发生器，内藏式卫星接收天线6；散热风扇9上设有散热网架14，散热网架14上依次设有颗粒过滤层，HEPA过滤层，纳米沸石过滤层；The helmet shell 1 is equipped with a wireless communication device 3, a rechargeable battery 10, a positioning device 7, a lighting device 2, an oxygen content sensor 11 for sensing the oxygen content in the cable tunnel, a control device 8, a temperature controller, a detection component 4, and a heat dissipation device. Fan 9, carbon monoxide detection module 5, radio communicator 13 for communicating with other positioning protection devices by radio, face recognition camera 17 and environment camera 12; LED ultraviolet lamp and negative ion generator, built-in satellite receiving antenna 6; cooling fan 9 is provided with cooling grid 14, and cooling grid 14 is provided with particle filter layer, HEPA filter layer, nano-zeolite filter layer in turn;
温控器包括测温探头和风扇控制电路，所述测温探头固设在盔壳内部温度，所述风扇控制电路分别与散热风扇9和充电电池10连接，风扇控制电路用于当盔壳内部温度超过预设值时，风扇控制电路控制散热风扇运行，对盔壳内部散热；The thermostat includes a temperature measuring probe and a fan control circuit, the temperature measuring probe is fixed at the inner temperature of the helmet shell, the fan control circuit is connected with the cooling fan 9 and the rechargeable battery 10 respectively, and the fan control circuit is used as a heating element inside the helmet shell. When the temperature exceeds the preset value, the fan control circuit controls the operation of the cooling fan to dissipate heat inside the helmet shell;
所述无线通信装置13、定位装置7、照明装置2、氧含量传感器11、控制装置8、散热风扇9、检测组件4、一氧化碳检测模块5、LED紫外灯39、负离子发生器、面部识别摄像头17和环境摄像头12分别与充电电池10连接，使充电电池10供电；无线通信装置13包括：蓝牙模块、2.4G模块、GSM模块、WCDMA模块、CDMA模块和TD-SCDMA模块中的至少一种；LED紫外灯39、负离子发生器、一氧化碳检测模块5、无线通信装置13，定位装置7、氧含量传感器11、检测组件4、面部识别摄像头17和环境摄像头12分别与控制装置8电连接；The wireless communication device 13, positioning device 7, lighting device 2, oxygen content sensor 11, control device 8, cooling fan 9, detection assembly 4, carbon monoxide detection module 5, LED ultraviolet lamp 39, negative ion generator, face recognition camera 17 Connect with rechargeable battery 10 respectively with environment camera 12, make rechargeable battery 10 supply power; Wireless communication device 13 comprises: at least one in bluetooth module, 2.4G module, GSM module, WCDMA module, CDMA module and TD-SCDMA module; LED Ultraviolet lamp 39, negative ion generator, carbon monoxide detection module 5, wireless communication device 13, positioning device 7, oxygen content sensor 11, detection assembly 4, facial recognition camera 17 and environment camera 12 are electrically connected with control device 8 respectively;
检测组件包括：烟雾传感器YC、强光传感器GC、温度传感器QC、湿度传感器SC、二极管Cc1、二极管Cc2、二极管Cc3、二极管Cc4、二极管Cc5、二极管Cc6、电阻Rc1、调节电阻Rc2、调节电阻Rc3、调节电阻Rc4、调节电阻Rc5、调节电阻Rc6、电阻Rc7、电阻Rc8、报警器Lc；Detection components include: smoke sensor YC, glare sensor GC, temperature sensor QC, humidity sensor SC, diode Cc1, diode Cc2, diode Cc3, diode Cc4, diode Cc5, diode Cc6, resistor Rc1, adjusting resistor Rc2, adjusting resistor Rc3, Adjusting resistor Rc4, adjusting resistor Rc5, adjusting resistor Rc6, resistor Rc7, resistor Rc8, alarm Lc;
二极管Cc1和电阻Rc8串联连接；电阻Rc7和调节电阻Rc2串联连接，电阻Rc1和电阻Rc7并联，再与调节电阻Rc2的滑动端及二极管Cc1控制端连接；电阻Rc1和电阻Rc7并联的一端分别与控制装置连接，通过二极管Cc3与调节电阻Rc3滑动端连接，通过二极管Cc4与调节电阻Rc4滑动端连接，通过二极管Cc5与调节电阻Rc5滑动端连接，通过二极管Cc6与调节电阻Rc6滑动端连接；调节电阻Rc2用于调节检测组件的整体灵敏度；报警器Lc与控制装置连接；The diode Cc1 is connected in series with the resistor Rc8; the resistor Rc7 is connected in series with the adjusting resistor Rc2, the resistor Rc1 is connected in parallel with the resistor Rc7, and then connected with the sliding end of the adjusting resistor Rc2 and the control end of the diode Cc1; the parallel ends of the resistor Rc1 and the resistor Rc7 are respectively connected to the control Device connection, connect the sliding end of the adjusting resistor Rc3 through the diode Cc3, connect the sliding end of the adjusting resistor Rc4 through the diode Cc4, connect the sliding end of the adjusting resistor Rc5 through the diode Cc5, connect the sliding end of the adjusting resistor Rc6 through the diode Cc6; adjust the resistor Rc2 Used to adjust the overall sensitivity of the detection components; the alarm Lc is connected with the control device;
强光传感器一端连接电源，另一端通过调节电阻Rc3接地，调节电阻Rc3调节强光传感器的灵敏度；烟雾传感器一端连接电源，另一端通过调节电阻Rc4接地，调节电阻Rc4调节烟雾传感器的灵敏度；温度传感器一端连接电源，另一端通过调节电阻Rc5接地，调节电阻Rc5调节温度传感器的灵敏度；湿度传感器一端连接电源，另一端通过调节电阻Rc6接地，调节电阻Rc6调节湿度传感器的灵敏度；烟雾传感器、强光传感器、温度传感器以及湿度传感器分别感应烟雾量、强光量、温度量以及湿度量，并将烟雾量、强光量、温度量以及湿度量传输至控制装置；当接收烟雾量、强光量、温度量以及湿度量超出预设值时，将超出数据信息发送给控制装置，控制装置接收超出数据信息并通过无线通信装置传输至上位机，同时当烟雾量、强光量、温度量以及湿度量任一量超出预警值时，控制装置控制报警器Lc发出报警声；One end of the strong light sensor is connected to the power supply, the other end is grounded by adjusting the resistor Rc3, and the sensitivity of the strong light sensor is adjusted by adjusting the resistor Rc3; one end of the smoke sensor is connected to the power supply, and the other end is grounded by adjusting the resistor Rc4, and the sensitivity of the smoke sensor is adjusted by adjusting the resistor Rc4; the temperature sensor One end is connected to the power supply, the other end is grounded by adjusting the resistor Rc5, and the sensitivity of the temperature sensor is adjusted by adjusting the resistor Rc5; one end of the humidity sensor is connected to the power supply, and the other end is grounded by adjusting the resistor Rc6, and the sensitivity of the humidity sensor is adjusted by adjusting the resistor Rc6; smoke sensor, strong light sensor , temperature sensor and humidity sensor respectively sense the amount of smoke, glare, temperature and humidity, and transmit the amount of smoke, glare, temperature and humidity to the control device; when receiving the amount of smoke, glare, temperature When the amount of smoke and humidity exceeds the preset value, the excess data information will be sent to the control device, and the control device will receive the excess data information and transmit it to the host computer through the wireless communication device. When the amount exceeds the warning value, the control device controls the alarm Lc to sound an alarm;
这样，当一氧化碳量、烟雾量，强光量，温度量，湿度量任一量超出预警值时，控制装置控制报警器Lc发出报警声，可以提醒使用者当前环境处于预警状态。同时控制装置可将烟雾量，强光量，温度量，湿度量超出预设值通过无线通信装置传输至上位机，使上位机的管理人员实时了解电缆隧道内部环境情况信息，以便及时作出正确指挥，保护人员安全。In this way, when any amount of carbon monoxide, smog, glare, temperature, or humidity exceeds the warning value, the control device controls the alarm Lc to sound an alarm, which can remind the user that the current environment is in the warning state. At the same time, the control device can transmit the amount of smoke, glare, temperature, and humidity exceeding the preset value to the host computer through the wireless communication device, so that the management personnel of the host computer can understand the internal environment information of the cable tunnel in real time, so as to make correct instructions in time , to protect personnel safety.
盔壳的外表面涂有保护层；盔壳的外表面涂有保护层；保护层依次包括：耐磨层41、树脂基层42、中间层43和低面层44；所述树脂基层42为环氧树脂基层；所述中间层43为接枝有苯乙烯的二氧化硅纳米粒子；所述低面层44为天然蜡质表层或石蜡表层；这样很好的将有机高分子树脂和无机材料相结合，高分子树脂的引入提高了保护层的机械性能，疏水性纳米二氧化硅的引入增加了保护层的表面微观粗糙度，而低表面能物质的引入降低了保护层的表面能，最终得到了机械性能良好的保护层，呈现出良好的耐磨、耐腐蚀性能。The outer surface of the helmet shell is coated with a protective layer; the outer surface of the helmet shell is coated with a protective layer; the protective layer includes in turn: a wear-resistant layer 41, a resin base layer 42, an intermediate layer 43 and a lower surface layer 44; the resin base layer 42 is a ring Oxygen resin base layer; The middle layer 43 is silica nanoparticles grafted with styrene; The lower surface layer 44 is a natural waxy surface layer or a paraffin wax surface layer; This is a good way to combine the organic polymer resin and the inorganic material In combination, the introduction of polymer resin improves the mechanical properties of the protective layer, the introduction of hydrophobic nano-silica increases the surface micro-roughness of the protective layer, and the introduction of low surface energy substances reduces the surface energy of the protective layer, and finally obtains A protective layer with good mechanical properties, showing good wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
控制装置8包括：用于接收氧含量传感器感应电缆隧道内氧含量的氧含量接收模块61、用于接收温度传感器感应电缆隧道内温度的温度接收模块62、用于接收湿度传感器感应电缆隧道内湿度的湿度接收模块63、一氧化碳接收模块65，面部区域设置模块66、面部识别模块67、视频预处理模块68、视频放大处理模块69、心率信号消噪处理模块70、心率值转换模块71、心率与摄氧量折算模块73、报警提示模块74、摄氧量比较模块75、用于控制LED紫外灯的LED紫外灯控制模块64、用于控制负离子发生器的负离子发生器控制模块77、定位模块76；The control device 8 includes: an oxygen content receiving module 61 for receiving the oxygen content sensor sensing the oxygen content in the cable tunnel, a temperature receiving module 62 for receiving the temperature sensor sensing the temperature in the cable tunnel, and a humidity sensor sensing the humidity in the cable tunnel. Humidity receiving module 63, carbon monoxide receiving module 65, face area setting module 66, face recognition module 67, video preprocessing module 68, video amplification processing module 69, heart rate signal denoising processing module 70, heart rate value conversion module 71, heart rate and Oxygen uptake conversion module 73, alarm prompt module 74, oxygen uptake comparison module 75, LED ultraviolet lamp control module 64 for controlling LED ultraviolet lamp, anion generator control module 77 for controlling anion generator, positioning module 76 ;
人体皮肤的特殊结构和有其引发的光学现象是进行皮肤图像处理的理论依据，人体皮肤是一个含有多层结构的半透明体，不同的研究人员对皮肤的具体分层有不同的看法。将皮肤看成半透明结构体，分别是角质层，表皮层，含有动脉和静脉毛细血管的真皮层，以及含有脂肪的皮下组织层。皮肤的每一层与入射光之间产生的光学现象不尽相同，不同皮肤层中的色素对光的吸收也不同。本实施例主要体现表皮层和真皮层对光的吸收和反射特性，这也是导致反射光能量变化的主要原因。The special structure of human skin and the optical phenomena caused by it are the theoretical basis for skin image processing. Human skin is a translucent body with multi-layer structure. Different researchers have different views on the specific layers of skin. Think of the skin as a translucent structure consisting of the stratum corneum, the epidermis, the dermis containing arteries and venous capillaries, and the subcutaneous layer containing fat. Each layer of the skin reacts differently to the incident light, and pigments in different skin layers absorb light differently. This embodiment mainly reflects the light absorption and reflection properties of the epidermis and dermis, which is also the main reason for the change of reflected light energy.
入射光线在和皮肤接触的过程中产生了复杂的光学现象。入射光线到达皮肤的表面时，大约有5％被直接反射掉，剩下的大部分将进入皮肤的下表面。入射光在进入表皮层之后有一部分被黑色素吸收，一部分被散射，而剩余部分的光将穿透表皮层进入下面的真皮层。而由于血色素的存在，在真皮层中同样存在着对光线的吸收和散射现象。不同之处是，光线在表皮层大多是进行前向散射的，所以相对而言比较简单。而进入到真皮层之后，光线将产生前向散射和后向散射，特别是在真皮层的上层-乳突层之后的散射现象较为严重，使得部分入射光返回到空气中。在真皮层之下的网状层，大部分为前向散射，光线将一直到达皮下组织并被反射入射光线除去有一部分从表面和下表面反射回空气中之外，剩余的全部被皮肤中的色素吸收。虽然皮肤中含有的色素种类多种多样，但存在于表皮层的黑色素和真皮层的血色素对光线的吸收最为明显，因此，当皮肤中黑色素及其它组织结构未变时，血色素的多少直接影响入射光的吸收，并最终改变进入CCD的反射光能量。The incident light produces complex optical phenomena in the process of contacting the skin. When the incident light reaches the surface of the skin, about 5% is directly reflected, and most of the rest will enter the lower surface of the skin. After entering the epidermis, part of the incident light is absorbed by melanin, and part is scattered, while the remaining part of the light will penetrate the epidermis and enter the underlying dermis. Due to the presence of hemoglobin, there is also light absorption and scattering in the dermis. The difference is that most of the light is forward scattered in the epidermis, so it is relatively simple. After entering the dermis, the light will produce forward scattering and back scattering, especially in the upper layer of the dermis - after the mastoid layer, the scattering phenomenon is more serious, so that part of the incident light returns to the air. In the reticular layer under the dermis, most of the light is forward scattered, and the light will reach the subcutaneous tissue and be reflected. Except for a part of the incident light that is reflected from the surface and the lower surface back to the air, the rest is completely absorbed by the skin in the skin. Pigment absorption. Although there are various types of pigments in the skin, the melanin in the epidermis and the hemoglobin in the dermis absorb light most obviously. Therefore, when the melanin and other tissue structures in the skin remain unchanged, the amount of hemoglobin directly affects the incident light. The absorption of light, and ultimately changes the reflected light energy into the CCD.
面部区域设置模块用于设置面部敏感区域；面部敏感区域包括人的眼睛、脸部、鼻子和嘴巴，当人眨眼或张嘴是将引起感兴趣区域内像素的变化。具体面部敏感区内的像素的变化是血液流经人脸毛细血管时引起肤色的变化，即视频中人脸区域的像素变化。The face area setting module is used to set the sensitive area of the face; the sensitive area of the face includes the eyes, face, nose and mouth of the person, and when the person blinks or opens the mouth, it will cause changes in the pixels in the area of interest. Specifically, the change of pixels in the facial sensitive area is the change of skin color caused by blood flowing through the capillaries of the face, that is, the pixel change of the face area in the video.
面部敏感区域设定双眼间的距离为4d，选取长和宽分别为8d和10d的矩形，即为黑色虚线区域所示，这就是获取的面部敏感区域；接着在双眼距离的中点位置上方的d距离处选取一个长和宽分别为3d和3d/2的矩形，为重点分析的面部敏感区域；在双眼中点的下方的0.5d处选取长和宽分别为8d和3d的矩形，为重点分析的面部敏感区域。在检测获取面部敏感区域时，每一帧视频图像都是以这三部分的位置区域作为面部敏感区域来分析和折算得到心率。面部区域设置模块66用于设置面部敏感区域；面部识别摄像头用于获取面部视频图像；面部识别摄像头采用高分辨率的摄像头，以提高获取视频图像的清晰度，保证心率转换的准确性。所述面部识别模块67用于从获取的面部视频图像中的每一帧中选取面部敏感区域作为后续的心率信号的提取区域；当在获取的视频中，某一帧中的选取面部敏感区域失败时，使用上一帧中的面部敏感区域作为当前帧中的面部敏感区域；面部识别模块的面部区域识别为摄像头或摄像机所具有的功能，为常用的手段。这里面部识别模块从获取的面部视频图像中的每一帧中选取面部敏感区域作为后续的心率信号的提取区域；由于人在移动中，可能在每一图像的获取上出现偏差，则使用上一帧中的面部敏感区域作为当前帧中的面部敏感区域，使图像获取具有一定的连续性。视频预处理模块68用于对选取的面部敏感区域的视频帧进行计量，当计量的帧数达到预设帧数时，将所述视频帧发送至视频放大处理模块；当计量的帧数未达到预设帧数时，继续计量视频帧直至达到预设帧数；这样的预设帧数是根据控制装置所携带的处理器运算能力所决定的。运算能力强则可以预设较多的帧数，处理能力弱则预设较少的帧数。视频放大处理模块69用于对所述视频预处理模块发送的视频帧进行视频放大处理，将放大处理后的视频帧在RGB颜色空间内进行分解，形成三幅单通道图像；分别计算三通道图像的面部敏感区域内像素的空间平均值，形成对应每一帧的红绿蓝三个信号值，信号值范围在0～255之间，每一帧的红绿蓝三个信号值形成三个原始信号序列，以使从每一帧中放大出心率信号；当视频帧的长度达到规定长度时，本实施例设使用的时间长度是30秒，即视频帧的长度为30秒乘以视频的帧率，就对视频片段进行视频放大处理，放大后的视频进行心率信号的提取。视频帧数每隔1秒才更新一次，进行下一次视频放大处理，也就是说相邻两次视频放大处理的视频中有90％的视频帧是相同的。将处理后视频中的每一帧的RGB通道分开，并分别计算各通道面部敏感区域内像素的空间平均值，这样就得到0～255之间的三个值。对应于视频中的每一帧的感兴趣区域就形成了红、绿、蓝三段原始心率信号。Face Sensitive Area Set the distance between the eyes to 4d, select a rectangle whose length and width are 8d and 10d respectively, which is shown in the black dotted line area, which is the acquired facial sensitive area; then above the midpoint of the distance between the eyes Select a rectangle with a length and width of 3d and 3d/2 at a distance of d, which is the sensitive area of the face for key analysis; select a rectangle with a length and width of 8d and 3d, respectively, at 0.5d below the midpoint of the eyes, as the focus Sensitive areas of the face analyzed. When detecting and acquiring facial sensitive areas, each frame of video image is analyzed and converted to obtain the heart rate by using the position areas of these three parts as facial sensitive areas. The face area setting module 66 is used to set the facial sensitive area; the facial recognition camera is used to obtain facial video images; the facial recognition camera adopts a high-resolution camera to improve the clarity of the video images and ensure the accuracy of heart rate conversion. The facial recognition module 67 is used to select the facial sensitive area as the extraction area of the subsequent heart rate signal from each frame in the facial video image acquired; when in the video acquired, the selected facial sensitive area in a certain frame fails , use the face sensitive area in the previous frame as the face sensitive area in the current frame; the face area recognition of the face recognition module is a camera or a function of the camera, which is a common means. Here, the facial recognition module selects the facial sensitive area from each frame of the acquired facial video image as the extraction area of the subsequent heart rate signal; since the person is moving, there may be deviations in the acquisition of each image, the previous one is used The facial sensitive area in the frame is used as the facial sensitive area in the current frame, so that the image acquisition has a certain continuity. Video pre-processing module 68 is used for measuring the video frame of the selected face sensitive area, and when the number of frames measured reaches the preset number of frames, the video frame is sent to the video amplification processing module; when the number of frames measured does not reach When the number of frames is preset, continue to measure video frames until reaching the preset number of frames; such a preset number of frames is determined according to the computing power of the processor carried by the control device. If the computing power is strong, more frames can be preset, and if the processing power is weak, less frames can be preset. Video enlargement processing module 69 is used for carrying out video enlargement processing to the video frame that described video preprocessing module sends, and the video frame after the enlargement processing is decomposed in RGB color space, forms three single-channel images; Calculate three-channel images respectively The spatial average value of the pixels in the sensitive area of the face forms the three signal values of red, green and blue corresponding to each frame. The signal value range is between 0 and 255. The three signal values of red, green and blue in each frame form three original Signal sequence, so that the heart rate signal is amplified from each frame; when the length of the video frame reaches the specified length, the time length used in this embodiment is 30 seconds, that is, the length of the video frame is 30 seconds multiplied by the frame of the video If the heart rate is high, the video clip is enlarged, and the heart rate signal is extracted from the enlarged video. The number of video frames is only updated every 1 second, and the next video zooming process is performed, that is to say, 90% of the video frames in the videos of two adjacent video zooming processes are the same. The RGB channel of each frame in the processed video is separated, and the spatial average value of the pixels in the facial sensitive area of each channel is calculated respectively, so that three values between 0 and 255 are obtained. Corresponding to the ROI of each frame in the video, three original heart rate signals of red, green and blue are formed.
为了观察信号的特性，需要对信号进行归一化处理。具体归一化处理方式为现有技术，是在处理前，有程序人员根据实际情况，写入相应的归一化公式实现，这里不做限定。归一化完成之后需要对还需要对窗口内的信号进行带通滤波处理，以消除低频呼吸信号和高频噪声对心率检测结果的影响。心率信号消噪处理模块用于对原始心率信号序列进行带通滤波处理，以调整信号波形和消除噪声的影响；考虑到正常人的心率范围为45～240，因此采用带通滤波器的上下截止频率分别为0.75Hz和4Hz。心率值转换模块用于对消除噪声的三个信号序列分别进行FFT变换FFT是一种DFT的高效算法，称为快速傅立叶变换(fastFourier transform)，计算三个信号序列的对应功率谱密度，选取G通道信号序列中最大功率对应的频率作为心率的计算值；经带通滤波处理后的三个信号序列进行快速傅里叶变换来分别得到三个信号序列的功率谱密度。视频图像中的G通道包含的脉搏波信号较强，因此选取G通道感兴趣区域中像素均值形成的信号序列的最大功率谱对应的频率作为心率值。心率用来描述心动周期的专业术语，是指心脏每分钟跳动的次数，以第一声音为准。正常成年人安静时的心率有显著的个体差异，平均在75次/min左右。心率与摄氧量折算模块用于将心率的计算值折算成使用人员的摄氧量；摄氧量比较模块用于将心率与摄氧量折算模块折算的使用人员的摄氧量与预设的摄氧量进行比较，当使用人员的摄氧量低于预设的摄氧量时，报警提示模块发出报警提示；In order to observe the characteristics of the signal, it is necessary to normalize the signal. The specific normalization processing method is an existing technology, which is implemented by a programmer writing a corresponding normalization formula according to the actual situation before processing, which is not limited here. After the normalization is completed, the signal in the window needs to be band-pass filtered to eliminate the influence of the low-frequency breathing signal and high-frequency noise on the heart rate detection result. The heart rate signal denoising processing module is used to perform band-pass filter processing on the original heart rate signal sequence to adjust the signal waveform and eliminate the influence of noise; considering that the heart rate range of normal people is 45-240, the upper and lower cut-offs of the band-pass filter are adopted The frequencies are 0.75Hz and 4Hz, respectively. The heart rate value conversion module is used to perform FFT transformation on the three signal sequences that eliminate noise. FFT is an efficient algorithm of DFT, called fast Fourier transform (fastFourier transform), which calculates the corresponding power spectral density of the three signal sequences, and selects G The frequency corresponding to the maximum power in the channel signal sequence is used as the calculated value of the heart rate; the three signal sequences processed by band-pass filtering are subjected to fast Fourier transform to obtain the power spectral densities of the three signal sequences respectively. The pulse wave signal contained in the G channel in the video image is strong, so the frequency corresponding to the maximum power spectrum of the signal sequence formed by the pixel mean value in the G channel region of interest is selected as the heart rate value. Heart rate A technical term used to describe the cardiac cycle, which refers to the number of times the heart beats per minute, based on the first sound. The resting heart rate of normal adults has significant individual differences, with an average of about 75 beats/min. The heart rate and oxygen uptake conversion module is used to convert the calculated value of the heart rate into the oxygen uptake of the user; the oxygen uptake comparison module is used to compare the oxygen uptake of the user converted by the heart rate and oxygen uptake conversion module Oxygen uptake is compared, when the user's oxygen uptake is lower than the preset oxygen uptake, the alarm prompt module sends out an alarm prompt;
心率与耗氧量关系表(均值)Relationship table between heart rate and oxygen consumption (mean value)
·耗氧量值为气体标准状态值The oxygen consumption value is the gas standard state value
··每转耗氧量＝耗氧量(毫升)*心率(次/分)··Oxygen consumption per revolution = oxygen consumption (ml) * heart rate (times/minute)
由表中数据可见,当心率平均值为92次/分以下时,每搏耗氧量为7.576毫升,心率为110次/分以下时每搏耗氧量为8.691毫升,心率达130次/分以下时,每搏耗氧量为9.130毫升,当心率升高到150次/分时,每搏耗氧量为9.067毫升。心率升高到165次/分时，每搏耗氧量为9.130毫升。心率达到175次/分时每搏耗氧量为9.130毫升。这样就折算出用户在电缆隧道中工作时，可以得出所需要的耗氧量。当使用人员的摄氧量低于预设的摄氧量时，报警提示模块发出报警提示；提示人员使用制氧装置吸氧。这样可以获取人员所在环境的含氧量，还可以获取人员当前的健康状态，如果出现身体不适，如夏季高温，在检修过程中，通过面部识别就可以得到人员是否有中暑状况。It can be seen from the data in the table that when the average heart rate is below 92 beats/min, the oxygen consumption per stroke is 7.576 ml, and when the heart rate is below 110 beats/min, the oxygen consumption per stroke is 8.691 ml, and the heart rate reaches 130 beats/min Below, the oxygen consumption per stroke is 9.130 milliliters, and when the heart rate rises to 150 beats per minute, the oxygen consumption per stroke is 9.067 milliliters. When the heart rate rises to 165 beats/min, the oxygen consumption per stroke is 9.130 ml. When the heart rate reaches 175 beats/min, the oxygen consumption per stroke is 9.130 ml. In this way, when the user is working in the cable tunnel, the required oxygen consumption can be obtained. When the oxygen uptake of the user is lower than the preset oxygen uptake, the alarm prompt module sends out an alarm prompt; prompting the user to use the oxygen generator to inhale oxygen. In this way, the oxygen content of the environment where the personnel is located can also be obtained, and the current health status of the personnel can also be obtained. If there is physical discomfort, such as high temperature in summer, during the maintenance process, facial recognition can be used to know whether the personnel has heat stroke.
定位模块与定位装置连接，定位模块用于通过定位装置获取装置的位置信息，将位置信息通过无线通信装置上传至上位机；The positioning module is connected with the positioning device, and the positioning module is used to obtain the position information of the device through the positioning device, and upload the position information to the host computer through the wireless communication device;
制氧装置18包括：固定板20，固定板20上安置有制氧机构、输气管21、氧气缓冲室22、呼吸嘴23、氧气净化室24、制氧控制开关25；固定板20上设有两个安装扣192，两个安装扣192上分别设有吊带19，盔壳1的边缘处设有绑接孔，吊带19与绑接孔相绑接；制氧机构通过输气管21与氧气缓冲室22连接，氧气缓冲室22通过输气管21与氧气净化室24，氧气净化室24通过输气管21与呼吸嘴23连接；The oxygen generating device 18 comprises: a fixed plate 20, an oxygen generating mechanism, a gas delivery pipe 21, an oxygen buffer chamber 22, a breathing nozzle 23, an oxygen purification chamber 24, and an oxygen generating control switch 25 are arranged on the fixed plate 20; the fixed plate 20 is provided with Two mounting buckles 192, two mounting buckles 192 are respectively provided with suspenders 19, the edge of the helmet shell 1 is provided with a binding hole, and the suspenders 19 are bound to the binding holes; The chamber 22 is connected, and the oxygen buffer chamber 22 is connected with the oxygen purification chamber 24 through the air delivery pipe 21, and the oxygen purification chamber 24 is connected with the breathing mouth 23 through the air delivery pipe 21;
制氧机构包括：制氧壳体26，制氧壳体26内设有多个制氧仓27，靠近制氧壳体26内壁设有输氧通道28，每个制氧仓27的出氧口分别与输氧通道28连接，每个制氧仓27的出氧口上设有出氧电磁阀；制氧壳体26上设有壳体出氧口29，壳体出氧口29上设有出氧传感器；所述氧气净化室内盛有水，在水面上覆有阻水透气膜。氧气缓冲室内设有多个氧气隔板，氧气隔板交错排列布置。制氧仓27包括：过氧化钠仓和水仓；过氧化钠仓和水仓之间设有隔板，隔板上设有连通孔，连通孔上设有制氧电磁阀；过氧化钠仓内部设有过氧化钠，水仓内部设有水；制氧控制开关分别与出氧传感器、出氧电磁阀、控制装置和制氧电磁阀电连接；The oxygen generating mechanism includes: an oxygen generating housing 26, a plurality of oxygen generating chambers 27 are arranged in the oxygen generating housing 26, an oxygen delivery channel 28 is arranged near the inner wall of the oxygen generating housing 26, and the oxygen outlets of each oxygen generating chamber 27 are respectively Connected with the oxygen delivery channel 28, the oxygen outlet of each oxygen chamber 27 is provided with an oxygen outlet solenoid valve; the oxygen generator housing 26 is provided with a housing oxygen outlet 29, and the housing oxygen outlet 29 is provided with an oxygen sensor ; The oxygen purification chamber is filled with water, and the water surface is covered with a water-blocking breathable film. A plurality of oxygen partitions are arranged in the oxygen buffer chamber, and the oxygen partitions are arranged in a staggered arrangement. Oxygen production chamber 27 comprises: sodium peroxide chamber and water chamber; Partition is provided between sodium peroxide chamber and water chamber, and partition is provided with communicating hole, is provided with oxygen electromagnetic valve on communicating hole; Sodium peroxide chamber Sodium peroxide is provided inside, and water is provided inside the water tank; the oxygen production control switch is electrically connected with the oxygen sensor, the oxygen solenoid valve, the control device and the oxygen solenoid valve;
制氧控制开关包括：制氧开关83、出氧量感应模块84、出氧电磁阀控制模块85、制氧电磁阀控制模块86、出氧量传输模块87；出氧量感应模块84用于接收出氧传感器感应的出氧量；制氧开关83用于接收使用人员的控制开关指令；制氧开关可以采用按钮开关。制氧电磁阀控制模块86用于当制氧开关用于接收使用人员的开启制氧指令时，控制打开一个制氧电磁阀，使过水仓内的水流入过氧化钠仓，水和过氧化钠反应产生氧气，并在预设的时间间隔逐一打开制氧电磁阀，使过氧化钠和水混合制氧；预设的时间间隔根据制氧机构的体积大小承装氧气量来决定，这里不做具体限定。出氧电磁阀用于当制氧电磁阀打开后，控制出氧电磁阀打开，使氧气流至输氧通道，并流出制氧机构；所述出氧量传输模块87用于将出氧传感器感应的出氧量传输至控制装置。The oxygen production control switch includes: an oxygen production switch 83, an oxygen output sensing module 84, an oxygen electromagnetic valve control module 85, an oxygen electromagnetic valve control module 86, and an oxygen output transmission module 87; the oxygen output sensing module 84 is used to receive The oxygen output induced by the oxygen sensor; the oxygen generator switch 83 is used to receive the control switch command from the user; the oxygen generator switch can be a button switch. The oxygen generation electromagnetic valve control module 86 is used to control and open an oxygen generation electromagnetic valve when the oxygen generation switch is used to receive the user's instruction to turn on the oxygen generation, so that the water in the water chamber flows into the sodium peroxide chamber, and the water and peroxide Sodium reacts to generate oxygen, and opens the oxygen-generating solenoid valve one by one at preset time intervals to make sodium peroxide and water mix to generate oxygen; the preset time interval is determined by the volume of the oxygen-generating mechanism to carry oxygen, which is not mentioned here Be specific. The oxygen output solenoid valve is used to control the opening of the oxygen output electromagnetic valve after the oxygen generation electromagnetic valve is opened, so that oxygen flows to the oxygen delivery channel and flows out of the oxygen generation mechanism; the oxygen output transmission module 87 is used to transfer the oxygen output sensor The oxygen output is transmitted to the control unit.
这样使用人员当摄氧量低于预设的摄氧量时，报警提示模块发出报警提示；提示人员使用制氧装置吸氧。开启制氧开关，使过水仓内的水流入过氧化钠仓，水和过氧化钠反应产生氧气。使用人员将呼吸嘴23对准口部进行吸氧。In this way, when the oxygen uptake of the user is lower than the preset oxygen uptake, the alarm prompt module sends out an alarm prompt; the user is prompted to use the oxygen generator to inhale oxygen. Turn on the oxygen generator switch, so that the water in the water chamber flows into the sodium peroxide chamber, and the water and sodium peroxide react to generate oxygen. The user aligns the breathing mouthpiece 23 with the mouth for oxygen inhalation.
视频放大处理模块包括：视频放大处理电路；视频放大处理电路包括：电阻R1、电阻R2、电阻R3、电阻R4、电阻R5、电阻R6、电容C1、电容C2、三极管Q1、放大器U1；The video amplification processing module includes: a video amplification processing circuit; the video amplification processing circuit includes: a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a transistor Q1, and an amplifier U1;
视频放大处理模块的输入端、电阻R2第一端、三极管Q1基极同时连接；电阻R2第二端、电阻R1第二端同时接地；三极管Q1集电极接电源；三极管Q1发射极、电容C1第一端、电阻R1第一端同时连接；电容C1第二端、电阻R5第二端、放大器U1正极输入端同时连接，电阻R5第一端接地；电阻R3第一端接地；电阻R3第二端、放大器U1负极输入端、电阻R4第一端、电容C1第一端同时连接，放大器U1负极输出端、电阻R4第二端、电容C1第二端、电阻R6第一端同时连接，电阻R6第二端连接视频放大处理模块的输出端；放大器U1、电阻R4、电容C2为信号放大电路；C1为隔直电容，C2对信号放大电路的带宽进行限制，以滤除信号中的高频噪声和尖峰毛刺；电阻R6为阻抗匹配电阻；电阻R1、电阻R2为三极管Q1的放大倍数控制电阻；视频放大处理电路用于对所述视频预处理模块发送的视频帧进行视频放大处理；The input terminal of the video amplification processing module, the first terminal of the resistor R2, and the base of the transistor Q1 are simultaneously connected; the second terminal of the resistor R2 and the second terminal of the resistor R1 are simultaneously grounded; the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply; the emitter of the transistor Q1, and the first terminal of the capacitor C1 One terminal, the first terminal of resistor R1 are connected at the same time; the second terminal of capacitor C1, the second terminal of resistor R5, and the positive input terminal of amplifier U1 are connected at the same time, the first terminal of resistor R5 is grounded; the first terminal of resistor R3 is grounded; the second terminal of resistor R3 , the negative input terminal of the amplifier U1, the first terminal of the resistor R4, and the first terminal of the capacitor C1 are simultaneously connected, the negative output terminal of the amplifier U1, the second terminal of the resistor R4, the second terminal of the capacitor C1, and the first terminal of the resistor R6 are connected simultaneously, and the first terminal of the resistor R6 The two ends are connected to the output end of the video amplification processing module; the amplifier U1, the resistor R4, and the capacitor C2 are signal amplifying circuits; C1 is a DC blocking capacitor, and C2 limits the bandwidth of the signal amplifying circuit to filter out high-frequency noise and Spike glitch; resistor R6 is an impedance matching resistor; resistor R1 and resistor R2 are magnification control resistors of triode Q1; the video amplification processing circuit is used to perform video amplification processing on the video frame sent by the video preprocessing module;
制氧电磁阀控制模块包括：时令执行模块；时令执行模块包括：定时器、定时电阻Rd1、定时电阻Rd2、定时电阻Rd3、定时电阻Rd4、定时电容Cd1、定时电容Cd2、定时电容Cd3、定时电容Cd4、定时电容Cd5、定时电容Cd6；定时器的一脚和二脚通过定时电阻Rd1接地，定时器的一脚和二脚还通过定时电阻Rd2接电源；定时器的三脚和四脚接电源；定时器的六脚分别通过定时电阻Rd1接电源，通过定时电容Cd6接时令执行模块的输入端；定时器的七脚接地，定时器的八脚分别通过定时电阻Rd4接电源，通过定时电容Cd5接时令执行模块的输出端一；定时器的九脚接时令执行模块的输出端二；定时器的十脚通过定时电容Cd4接地，定时器的十一脚通过定时电容Cd3接地，定时器的十二脚、定时器的十三脚分别通过定时电阻Rd3接电源，通过定时电容Cd2接地；The oxygen generating solenoid valve control module includes: timing execution module; timing execution module includes: timer, timing resistor Rd1, timing resistor Rd2, timing resistor Rd3, timing resistor Rd4, timing capacitor Cd1, timing capacitor Cd2, timing capacitor Cd3, timing capacitor Cd4, timing capacitor Cd5, and timing capacitor Cd6; the first and second feet of the timer are grounded through the timing resistor Rd1, and the first and second feet of the timer are also connected to the power supply through the timing resistor Rd2; the third and fourth feet of the timer are connected to the power supply; The six pins of the timer are respectively connected to the power supply through the timing resistor Rd1, and the input terminal of the timing execution module is connected through the timing capacitor Cd6; The output end one of the timing execution module; the nine pins of the timer are connected to the output end two of the timing execution module; the ten pins of the timer are grounded through the timing capacitor Cd4, the eleven pins of the timer are grounded through the timing capacitor Cd3, and the twelve pins of the timer are grounded through the timing capacitor Cd3. The pin and the thirteen pins of the timer are respectively connected to the power supply through the timing resistor Rd3, and grounded through the timing capacitor Cd2;
定时电阻Rd2和定时电容Cd1用于设置定时器的打开每个制氧电磁阀之间的时间间隔；定时器用于设置打开所有制氧电磁阀所需要的时长；定时电阻Rd3和定时电容Cd2用于设置定时器的第二时间间隔；定时电阻Rd4和定时电容Cd5用于接收计数脉冲，在打开一个制氧电磁阀并经过预设的时间间隔后，产生一脉冲打开后一个制氧电磁阀；The timing resistor Rd2 and the timing capacitor Cd1 are used to set the time interval between opening each oxygen generating solenoid valve of the timer; the timer is used to set the time required to open all the oxygen generating solenoid valves; the timing resistor Rd3 and the timing capacitor Cd2 are used to set The second time interval of the timer; the timing resistor Rd4 and the timing capacitor Cd5 are used to receive the counting pulse, and after opening an oxygen generating solenoid valve and after a preset time interval, a pulse is generated to open the next oxygen generating solenoid valve;
定位装置包括：定位芯片、定位电阻RD1、定位电阻RD2、定位电容CD1、定位灯LED；定位芯片一脚接电源，定位芯片二脚、三脚接数据输入输出，定位芯片五脚接地，定位芯片六脚通过定位电阻RD2接地，定位芯片六脚为复位脚通过定位电容CD1接电源；定位芯片一脚和五脚之间串联连接有定位电阻RD1和定位灯LED；当定位芯片在定位过程中时，定位灯LED闪烁提示。The positioning device includes: positioning chip, positioning resistorRD1, positioning resistor RD2, positioning capacitor C D1,positioning light LED; one pin of the positioning chip is connected to the power supply, the second pin and the third pin of the positioning chip are connected to data input and output, and the five pins of the positioning chip are grounded. The six pins of the positioning chip are grounded through the positioning resistor RD2 , and the six pins of the positioning chip are the reset pins connected to the power supply through the positioning capacitor CD1 ; the positioning resistor RD1 and the positioning light LED are connected in series between the first pin and the fifth pin of the positioning chip; when the positioning chip During the positioning process, the positioning light LED flashes to prompt.
本实施例中，为了精确的检测电缆隧道内部一氧化碳浓度，保证检修人员维护人员的人身安全，所述控制装置8还包括：一氧化碳浓度标准设置模块，一氧化碳浓度比较模块，一氧化碳报警模块；In this embodiment, in order to accurately detect the carbon monoxide concentration inside the cable tunnel and ensure the personal safety of maintenance personnel, the control device 8 also includes: a carbon monoxide concentration standard setting module, a carbon monoxide concentration comparison module, and a carbon monoxide alarm module;
一氧化碳浓度标准设置模块用于将一氧化碳浓度设置为反应最低浓度级别、短时间停留级别、正常工作浓度级别，将三种不同级别一氧化碳浓度的气体制作成三种标准气，将每种标准气对应一个电压信号，得到每个级别中一氧化碳浓度与电压信号对应的三个点，将这三个点连接，得到由两条线段组成的一条折线，所述两条线段分别用关系式y＝a1x0+b1和y＝a2x0+b2表示，其中y为一氧化碳的浓度，a1、a2分别为对应线段的斜率，x0为电压信号，b1、b2分别为对应线段的起点浓度；短时间停留级别为空气中的一氧化碳浓度达到50ppm，次时，健康成年人可以承受8小时。反应最低浓度级别为空气中的一氧化碳浓度达到200ppm，次时，健康成年人2～3小时后，轻微头痛、乏力。达到反应最低浓度级别时报警，警示人员迅速撤离。The carbon monoxide concentration standard setting module is used to set the carbon monoxide concentration as the lowest reaction concentration level, short-time residence level, and normal working concentration level, and make three kinds of standard gases with three different levels of carbon monoxide concentration, and each standard gas corresponds to one Voltage signal, three points corresponding to the carbon monoxide concentration and voltage signal in each level are obtained, and these three points are connected to obtain a broken line composed of two line segments, and the two line segments are respectively expressed by the relationship y=a1x0+b1 And y=a2x0+b2 represents, wherein y is the concentration of carbon monoxide, a1, a2 are respectively the slope of the corresponding line segment, x0 is the voltage signal, b1, b2 are respectively the starting point concentration of the corresponding line segment; short-term stay level is the carbon monoxide in the air When the concentration reaches 50ppm, a healthy adult can withstand it for 8 hours. The lowest level of reaction is when the concentration of carbon monoxide in the air reaches 200ppm. At the second time, healthy adults will experience mild headache and fatigue after 2 to 3 hours. When the lowest concentration level of the reaction is reached, the alarm will be issued, and the warning personnel will evacuate quickly.
一氧化碳浓度比较模块用于根据一氧化碳浓度接收模块接收的一氧化碳浓度，将一氧化碳浓度转换为一个电压信号，再根据标准气对应的三个电压信号，判断所述电压信号x处在三个电压信号的那个范围区间内，之后再将电压信号x直接代入对应的关系式得出一氧化碳的浓度值；一氧化碳报警模块用于当判断一氧化碳浓度达到短时间停留级别时，提示工作人员佩戴制氧装置；当判断一氧化碳浓度达到反应最低浓度级别提示工作人员佩戴制氧装置，并迅速离开现场。这样不仅可以通过面部识别模块通过识别人员面板获取含氧量而进一步判断一氧化碳的浓度，而且还可以通过一氧化碳浓度标准设置模块，一氧化碳浓度比较模块，一氧化碳报警模块来实现对现场的进一步判断。The carbon monoxide concentration comparison module is used to convert the carbon monoxide concentration into a voltage signal according to the carbon monoxide concentration received by the carbon monoxide concentration receiving module, and then judge that the voltage signal x is in the one of the three voltage signals according to the three voltage signals corresponding to the standard gas Within the range, then directly substitute the voltage signal x into the corresponding relational formula to obtain the concentration value of carbon monoxide; the carbon monoxide alarm module is used to remind the staff to wear an oxygen generator when judging that the carbon monoxide concentration reaches the short-term stay level; when judging carbon monoxide When the concentration reaches the lowest concentration level of the reaction, the staff are prompted to wear oxygen generators and leave the scene quickly. In this way, not only the concentration of carbon monoxide can be further judged by obtaining the oxygen content through the identification panel through the face recognition module, but also the carbon monoxide concentration standard setting module, the carbon monoxide concentration comparison module, and the carbon monoxide alarm module can be used to further judge the scene.
本实施例中，控制装置8还包括：时钟电路、处理器51；时钟电路用于通过对处理器的时钟设置，完成处理器时钟的设置；时钟电路与处理器连接，在控制指令字符输入后的下一个SULK时钟的上升沿时数据被写入，数据从低位0开始输入处理器；在紧跟8位的控制指令字后的下一个脉冲的下降沿读出处理器数据，读出数据时从低位0位至高位7；XI,X2引脚连接晶振，为处理器提供及时脉冲；时钟电路包括：时钟芯片53、石英振荡模块51、时钟放大模块52、时钟电容Csz1、时钟电容Csz2、时钟电阻Rsz1、时钟电阻Rsz2；时钟芯片53以秒、分、时、日期为时钟数据，通过读或写获得和修改时钟数据；所述时钟芯片内部有114个字节的静态RAM，用于存放系统通过串行口临时设定的特定字符点阵代码；所述时钟放大模块52、时钟电容Csz1、时钟电阻Rsz1组成时钟放大电路；所述时钟电容Csz2、时钟电阻Rsz2组成滤波电路；In this embodiment, the control device 8 also includes: a clock circuit and a processor 51; the clock circuit is used to complete the setting of the processor clock by setting the clock of the processor; the clock circuit is connected to the processor, and after the control instruction character is input The data is written on the rising edge of the next SULK clock, and the data is input to the processor from the low bit 0; the processor data is read on the falling edge of the next pulse following the 8-bit control instruction word, and when the data is read From low bit 0 to high bit 7; XI, X2 pins are connected to the crystal oscillator to provide timely pulses for the processor; the clock circuit includes: clock chip 53, quartz oscillator module 51, clock amplifier module 52, clock capacitor Csz1, clock capacitor Csz2, clock Resistor Rsz1, clock resistor Rsz2; clock chip 53 uses seconds, minutes, hours, and dates as clock data, and obtains and modifies clock data by reading or writing; there is 114 bytes of static RAM inside the clock chip for storing system The specific character dot matrix code temporarily set by the serial port; the clock amplification module 52, the clock capacitor Csz1, and the clock resistor Rsz1 form a clock amplifier circuit; the clock capacitor Csz2 and the clock resistor Rsz2 form a filter circuit;
在控制装置总要不断的获取定位信息，温度信息，湿度信息等，因此需要提供实时时钟功能，为数据比较及心率计算、心率与摄氧量折算提供准确无误的实时时间，并且要求系统掉电之后实时时钟能够继续工作，重新上电后，实时时钟仍然提供与当前同步的时间。同时为了调试方便，该实时时钟需具有可编程功能，能够通过编程设定时间。控制装置中可以包括时钟芯片、一个高精度晶振和一块纽扣电池。整个系统掉电之后，时钟芯片正常工作所需要的电源由纽扣电池来提供。The control device must constantly obtain positioning information, temperature information, humidity information, etc., so it is necessary to provide a real-time clock function to provide accurate real-time time for data comparison, heart rate calculation, heart rate and oxygen uptake conversion, and requires the system to be powered off Afterwards, the real-time clock can continue to work, and after the power is turned on again, the real-time clock still provides the time synchronized with the current one. At the same time, for the convenience of debugging, the real-time clock needs to have a programmable function, and the time can be set through programming. The control device can include a clock chip, a high-precision crystal oscillator and a button battery. After the whole system is powered off, the power required for the clock chip to work normally is provided by the button battery.
本实施例中，盔壳上还设有与充电电池连接的调压电路；为了使充电电池能够输出多种不同的电压，在充电电池的输出端设置调压电路，调节输出电压值以适应不同元件对电压的要求。调压电路可以包括一个或多个。In this embodiment, a voltage regulating circuit connected to the rechargeable battery is also provided on the helmet shell; in order to enable the rechargeable battery to output a variety of different voltages, a voltage regulating circuit is provided at the output end of the rechargeable battery to adjust the output voltage value to adapt to different voltages. Component voltage requirements. The voltage regulating circuit may include one or more.
调压电路包括：调压电阻RT1、调压电阻RT2、调压电阻RT3、调压电阻RT4、调压电阻RT5、调压电容CT1、调压电容CT2、调压电容CT3、调压三极管QT1、调压三极管QT2、调压三极管QT3、调压三极管QT4、二极管VDT1、二极管VDT2；调压电容C T1两端连接调压电路的输入端，调压电路的输入端连接充电电池；调压电阻RT1第一端连接输入端的正极，调压电阻RT1第二端、调压三极管QT2基极，调压电容CT2第一端，调压三极管QT3集电极同时连接，调压三极管QT2基极连接输入端的正极，调压三极管QT3发射极连接调压三极管QT1基极，调压三极管QT1集电极连接输入端的正极，调压三极管QT1发射极连接输出端正极，调压电容CT2第二端接负极；调压电阻RT2、调压电阻RT4、调压电阻RT5串联连接，调压电阻RT2一端连接调压三极管QT1发射极和输出端正极；调压电阻RT5一端连接负极；调压三极管QT3发射极连接至调压电阻RT2与调压电阻RT4之间，并通过连接二极管VDT1正极，二极管VD T2正极接负极；调压三极管QT3基极通过调压电阻RT3接输出端正极，调压三极管QT3基极还与调压三极管QT4集电极连接，调压三极管QT4发射极连接负极，调压三极管QT4基极连接调压电阻RT5滑动端；调压电容CT3两端连接调压电路的输出端；通过调节调压电阻RT5的阻值可以调整调压电路的输出电压；调压三极管QT1、调压三极管QT2用于防止线路过压，控制调压电路的通断；调压电容CT1、调压电容CT3、二极管VDT1、二极管VDT2用于滤波。The voltage regulating circuit includes: voltage regulating resistor RT1, voltage regulating resistor RT2, voltage regulating resistor RT3, voltage regulating resistor RT4, voltage regulating resistor RT5, voltage regulating capacitor CT1, voltage regulating capacitor CT2, voltage regulating capacitor CT3, voltage regulating transistor QT1, Voltage regulating transistor QT2, voltage regulating transistor QT3, voltage regulating transistor QT4, diode VDT1, diode VDT2; both ends of voltage regulating capacitor C T1 are connected to the input end of the voltage regulating circuit, and the input end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected to the rechargeable battery; voltage regulating resistor RT1 The first terminal is connected to the positive pole of the input terminal, the second terminal of the voltage regulating resistor RT1, the base of the voltage regulating transistor QT2, the first terminal of the voltage regulating capacitor CT2, and the collector of the voltage regulating transistor QT3 are connected at the same time, and the base of the voltage regulating transistor QT2 is connected to the positive pole of the input terminal , the emitter of the voltage regulating transistor QT3 is connected to the base of the voltage regulating transistor QT1, the collector of the voltage regulating transistor QT1 is connected to the positive pole of the input terminal, the emitter of the voltage regulating transistor QT1 is connected to the positive pole of the output terminal, the second terminal of the voltage regulating capacitor CT2 is connected to the negative pole; the voltage regulating resistor RT2, voltage regulating resistor RT4, and voltage regulating resistor RT5 are connected in series, one end of voltage regulating resistor RT2 is connected to the emitter of the voltage regulating transistor QT1 and the positive pole of the output terminal; one end of the voltage regulating resistor RT5 is connected to the negative pole; the emitter of the voltage regulating transistor QT3 is connected to the voltage regulating resistor Between RT2 and the voltage regulating resistor RT4, and connect the positive pole of the diode VDT1, the positive pole of the diode VDT2 is connected to the negative pole; the base of the voltage regulating transistor QT3 is connected to the positive pole of the output terminal through the voltage regulating resistor RT3, and the base of the voltage regulating transistor QT3 is also connected with the voltage regulating transistor The collector of QT4 is connected, the emitter of the voltage regulating transistor QT4 is connected to the negative pole, the base of the voltage regulating transistor QT4 is connected to the sliding end of the voltage regulating resistor RT5; both ends of the voltage regulating capacitor CT3 are connected to the output end of the voltage regulating circuit; by adjusting the resistance of the voltage regulating resistor RT5 The value can adjust the output voltage of the voltage regulating circuit; the voltage regulating transistor QT1 and the voltage regulating transistor QT2 are used to prevent the overvoltage of the line and control the on-off of the voltage regulating circuit; the voltage regulating capacitor CT1, the voltage regulating capacitor CT3, the diode VDT1 and the diode VDT2 are used for filtering.
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
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| CN201610714824.4ACN106360867B (en) | 2016-08-25 | 2016-08-25 | A kind of distribution system cable gallery operation positioning protection device |
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| CN201610714824.4ACN106360867B (en) | 2016-08-25 | 2016-08-25 | A kind of distribution system cable gallery operation positioning protection device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106360867A (en) | 2017-02-01 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information | Address after:272300 Shandong Lake Yutai County City in Jining Province, the first northbound West Ling two Applicant after:State Grid Electric Power Company of Shandong province Yutai County power supply company Applicant after:State Grid Corporation of China Address before:100031 Beijing, Xicheng District, West Chang'an Avenue, No., No. 86 Applicant before:State Grid Corporation of China Applicant before:State Grid Electric Power Company of Shandong province Yutai County power supply company | |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20171201 Termination date:20180825 |