技术领域technical field
本发明属于智能停车场系统技术领域，具体涉及一种车位可预约的智能停车场系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent parking lot systems, and in particular relates to an intelligent parking lot system in which parking spaces can be reserved.
背景技术Background technique
随着社会经济的不断发展，城市人口和城市生活水平的不断提高，汽车的使用频率和数量不断提高，给城市交通带来严重的危害。“停车难”这个问题是车主与政府都想解决的大问题，解决停车问题能极大地降低城市中心的堵车问题，也能提高车主的生活体验。随着智能停车场的产生与普及，“停车难”问题得到了一定地缓解，停车效率得到了一定的提高。With the continuous development of social economy and the continuous improvement of urban population and urban living standards, the frequency and quantity of automobiles continue to increase, which brings serious harm to urban traffic. The problem of "difficult parking" is a big problem that both car owners and the government want to solve. Solving the parking problem can greatly reduce the traffic jam problem in the city center and improve the life experience of car owners. With the emergence and popularization of intelligent parking lots, the problem of "difficult parking" has been alleviated to a certain extent, and the parking efficiency has been improved to a certain extent.
目前，有许多停车场仍使用着最简单的停车场系统，没有一种实现停车场快速组网，实现快速智能停车场组建功能的智能停车场解决方案。At present, many parking lots still use the simplest parking system, and there is no smart parking solution that realizes the fast networking of parking lots and the function of fast intelligent parking lot formation.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的以上缺陷或改进需求，本发明提供了一种基于6LoWPAN无线传感器网络的车位可预约智能停车场系统，可以为智能停车场系统提供了一种快速部署，低能耗，高智能的解决方案。Aiming at the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a smart parking lot system based on 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network, which can provide a fast deployment, low energy consumption and high intelligence for the smart parking lot system. solution.
为实现上述目的，按照本发明，提供一种基于6LoWPAN无线传感器网络的车位可预约智能停车场系统，其包括6LoWPAN无线传感网络以及通过该6LoWPAN无线传感网络互联的停车场服务器、停车场管理模块、停车场停车指示牌模块和停车场车位预约模块，其中，In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a kind of parking space based on 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network can be reserved intelligent parking lot system, it comprises 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network and the parking lot server, parking lot management through this 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network interconnection module, the parking sign module in the parking lot and the parking space reservation module in the parking lot, wherein,
所述6LoWPAN无线传感网络包括设置于车位上的提供车位信息监测和车位显示功能的6LoWPAN节点，和具有协议转化功能和路由计算与指引功能的6LoWPAN网关，该6LoWPAN无线传感网络用于通过所述节点采集车位信息以利用所述网关传输至停车场服务器，并将停车场服务器处理后的车位信息和控制信息利用所述网关传输至停车场管理模块、停车场停车指示牌模块和停车场车位预约模块；The 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network includes a 6LoWPAN node provided on the parking space to provide parking space information monitoring and parking space display functions, and a 6LoWPAN gateway with protocol conversion functions and routing calculation and guidance functions. The above node collects parking space information to transmit to the parking lot server by using the gateway, and transmits the parking space information and control information processed by the parking lot server to the parking lot management module, the parking sign module and the parking lot parking space by using the gateway booking module;
所述停车场车位预约模块用于给用户提供预约车位信息并将所述预约车位信息采集后通过上述无线传感网络输出至所述停车场服务器，同时接受经停车场服务器处理后的车位信息和控制信息；The parking space reservation module of the parking lot is used to provide the user with reserved parking space information and collect the reserved parking space information and output it to the parking lot server through the wireless sensor network, and at the same time accept the parking space information processed by the parking lot server and control information;
所述停车场服务器包括系统显示控制服务器和停车场车位数据库服务器，其中，所述停车场车位数据库服务器用于处理停车场的车位信息，包括所述6LoWPAN无线传感网络采集的车位信息以及所述停车场车位预约模块输出的车位信息；所述系统显示控制服务器用于根据停车场车位数据库服务器处理得到的停车场的车位信息，产生控制车位显示灯以及停车场停车指示牌的控制信息；The parking lot server includes a system display control server and a parking space database server in the parking lot, wherein the parking space database server is used to process the parking space information of the parking lot, including the parking space information collected by the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network and the The parking space information output by the parking space reservation module in the parking lot; the system display control server is used to generate the control information for controlling the parking space display lamp and the parking sign in the parking lot according to the parking space information of the parking lot obtained by the parking space database server in the parking lot;
所述停车场管理模块用于根据停车场服务器处理得到的车位信息和控制信息实现停车计费、以及6LoWPAN无线传感网络节点的可视化维护管理；The parking lot management module is used to realize parking billing and visual maintenance and management of 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network nodes according to the parking space information and control information obtained by the parking lot server;
所述停车场停车指示牌模块用于接收所述系统显示控制服务器输出的控制车位显示灯以及停车场停车指示牌的控制信息，以显示各个区域的车位数量显示。The parking sign module of the parking lot is used to receive the control information output by the system display control server to control the display lights of the parking spaces and the parking sign of the parking lot, so as to display the number of parking spaces in each area.
作为本发明的进一步优选，所述6LoWPAN无线传感器网络中的6LoWPAN无线传感器网络节点通过多跳的形式将采集的车位信息传递到6LoWPAN无线传感器网络网关中，经过协议转换，通过TCP/IP网络传输到停车场服务器中，完成信息采集功能；同时，停车场服务器将处理后的控制信息通过TCP/IP网络传输到6LoWPAN无线传感器网络网关，经过协议转换，传输到6LoWPAN无线传感器网络节点中，实现节点车位显示灯的控制，以及对停车指示牌的控制。As a further preference of the present invention, the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network node in the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network transmits the collected parking space information to the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network gateway in a multi-hop form, and through protocol conversion, it is transmitted to In the parking lot server, the information collection function is completed; at the same time, the parking lot server transmits the processed control information to the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network gateway through the TCP/IP network, and after protocol conversion, it is transmitted to the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network node to realize the node parking space Control of display lights, and control of stop signs.
作为本发明的进一步优选，上述6LoWPAN无线传感器网络节点包括节点基础模块、节点感应模块和节点显示模块，其中所述节点基础模块为节点提供节点的基础功能，包括计算功能、信息传输功能、电源供给功能、I/O功能，所述节点感应模块包括传感器，其用于采集车位数据，并输送至所述节点基础模块进行计算处理，得到车位信息，并通过节点基础模块将车位信息传输到停车场服务器中，所述节点显示模块用于接收通过节点基础模块将停车场服务器的显示灯控制信息，进而对控制信息进行处理，以实现车位信息的现场显示功能。As a further preference of the present invention, the above-mentioned 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network node includes a node basic module, a node sensing module and a node display module, wherein the node basic module provides the node with basic functions of the node, including computing functions, information transmission functions, and power supply Function, I/O function, the node sensing module includes a sensor, which is used to collect parking space data, and send it to the node basic module for calculation and processing, to obtain parking space information, and transmit the parking space information to the parking lot through the node basic module In the server, the node display module is used to receive the display light control information of the parking lot server through the node basic module, and then process the control information, so as to realize the on-site display function of the parking space information.
作为本发明的进一步优选，所述停车场服务器还包括无线传感器网络服务器，用于6LoWPAN无线传感器网络的管理，包括节点的管理与维护、以及网络状态的监控。As a further preference of the present invention, the parking lot server further includes a wireless sensor network server, which is used for management of the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network, including management and maintenance of nodes, and monitoring of network status.
作为本发明的进一步优选，还包括系统优化服务器，用于6LoWPAN无线传感网络的路由优化。As a further preference of the present invention, it also includes a system optimization server for routing optimization of the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network.
总体而言，通过本发明所构思的以上技术方案与现有技术相比，具有以下有益效果：该基于6LoWPAN无线传感器网络的车位可预约智能停车场系统，其采用6LoWPAN无线传感网络进行组网布局，同时结合互联的停车场服务器、停车场管理模块、停车场停车指示牌模块和停车场车位预约模块，不仅可以有效实现对停车场车位信息的采集和收集，而且可以据此进行预约和实时在线的处理，其处理速度快，能耗低，具有实时、准确和可操作性强等优势。Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the intelligent parking lot system based on the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network can reserve parking spaces, and it adopts the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network for networking Layout, combined with the interconnected parking lot server, parking lot management module, parking sign module and parking space reservation module, not only can effectively realize the collection and collection of parking space information, but also can make reservations and real-time Online processing has fast processing speed, low energy consumption, and has the advantages of real-time, accuracy, and strong operability.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一个实施例的车位可预约智能停车场系统结构组成示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of a parking space reservation intelligent parking lot system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为图1所示的系统中的6LoWPAN无线传感器网络组成结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network in the system shown in Fig. 1;
图3为图2中的无线传感器网络的基础模块组成结构示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of the basic modules of the wireless sensor network in FIG. 2;
图4为图2中的无线传感器网络的节点在车位处的布局示意图；FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the nodes of the wireless sensor network in FIG. 2 at the parking space;
图5为图2中的无线传感器网络的网管协议比较示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of comparing network management protocols of the wireless sensor network in Fig. 2;
图6为图2中的无线传感器网络在停车场的布局示意图；FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the wireless sensor network in FIG. 2 in the parking lot;
图7为图1所示的系统中的停车场服务器的组成结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the parking lot server in the system shown in FIG. 1 .
具体实施方式detailed description
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute a conflict with each other.
图1为本发明一个实施例的车位可预约智能停车场系统结构组成示意图。如图1所示，本实施例的车位可预约智能停车场系统主要包括6LoWPAN无线传感网络、停车场服务器、停车场管理模块和停车场停车指示牌模块。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of an intelligent parking lot system with reservable parking spaces according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the intelligent parking lot system in this embodiment mainly includes a 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network, a parking lot server, a parking lot management module, and a parking sign module.
如图1所示，6LoWPAN无线传感网络是由放置于所有车位的提供车位监测和车位显示功能的6LoWPAN节点，和具有协议转化功能和路由计算与指引功能的6LoWPAN网关组成的多跳网络。在系统组建过程中，为系统提供一个快速组网方案。本实施例的6LoWPAN无线传感网络可以实现车位信息的采集，车位信息显示灯，停车指示牌的控制，车位信息、车位信息显示灯控制信息、停车指示牌控制信息的传输。As shown in Figure 1, the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network is a multi-hop network composed of 6LoWPAN nodes placed in all parking spaces to provide parking space monitoring and display functions, and 6LoWPAN gateways with protocol conversion functions and routing calculation and guidance functions. During the system building process, provide a fast networking solution for the system. The 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network of this embodiment can realize the collection of parking space information, the control of the parking space information display lamp, the parking sign, and the transmission of the parking space information, the control information of the parking space information display light, and the control information of the parking sign.
如图1所示，停车场服务器是包括无线传感器网络服务器、系统显示控制服务器和停车场车位数据库服务器，优选还包括系统优化服务器。停车场服务器的主要功能包括6LoWPAN节点的管理与维护，6LoWPAN节点的路由优化，网络问题的处理，车位信息显示灯的控制，停车指示牌的控制，车位信息存储和维护功能。As shown in FIG. 1 , the parking lot server includes a wireless sensor network server, a system display control server and a parking space database server, and preferably also includes a system optimization server. The main functions of the parking lot server include management and maintenance of 6LoWPAN nodes, routing optimization of 6LoWPAN nodes, processing of network problems, control of parking space information display lights, control of parking signs, parking space information storage and maintenance functions.
停车场管理模块是为停车场维护人员提供的停车场管理系统，其主要功能是：实现停车场的停车计费功能，实现6:LoWPAN节点的可视化维护管理界面，实现维护人员对车位与计费的可视化管理界面，The parking lot management module is a parking lot management system provided for the maintenance personnel of the parking lot. Its main functions are: to realize the parking billing function of the parking lot, to realize the visual maintenance management interface of the 6:LoWPAN node, and to realize the management of parking spaces and billing by the maintenance personnel. visual management interface,
停车场停车指示牌模块(优选例如施LED显示板系统)是为未停车位预约的顾客提供停车场车位信息的指示牌(LED显示板)。其主要功能是：在LED显示板上提供各个区域的车位数量显示，以引导顾客到车位充足的区域停车。The parking sign module in the parking lot (preferably such as an LED display board system) is a sign (LED display board) that provides parking space information for customers who have not reserved a parking space. Its main function is to provide the number of parking spaces in each area on the LED display board to guide customers to park in areas with sufficient parking spaces.
停车场车位预约应用是为顾客提供停车场车位预约的应用软件。其主要功能是：为用户提供车位预约的图形交互界面，为客户提供车位预约选择、车位计费、停车费缴纳、推荐停车位、车辆寻回等功能。The parking space reservation application is an application software that provides customers with parking space reservations. Its main functions are: to provide users with a graphical interactive interface for parking space reservation, and to provide customers with functions such as parking space reservation selection, parking space billing, parking fee payment, recommended parking space, and vehicle retrieval.
本实施例的车位可预约智能停车场系统中，6LoWPAN无线传感网络负责停车场的无线组网，通过车位数据的采集以及数据的传输，为停车场车位数据库服务器和系统显示控制服务器提供必要的数据基础。In the intelligent parking lot system in which the parking space can be reserved in this embodiment, the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network is responsible for the wireless networking of the parking lot. data base.
停车场服务器中，无线传感器网络服务器主要负责6LoWPAN无线传感器网络的管理，包括节点的管理与维护和网络状态的监控。系统显示控制服务器，主要控制车位显示灯以及停车场停车指示牌的显示，主要控制显示灯的颜色和停车显示牌的区域车位数量。停车场车位数据库服务器保存停车场的车位信息，信息来源由6LoWPAN无线传感网络采集、停车场车位预约模块共同提供。6LoWPAN无线传感网络提供车位是否已经使用信息，停车场车位预约模块提供车位预约信息。In the parking lot server, the wireless sensor network server is mainly responsible for the management of the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network, including node management and maintenance and network status monitoring. The system display control server mainly controls the display of the parking space display lights and parking signs in the parking lot, mainly controls the color of the display lights and the number of parking spaces in the area of the parking sign. The parking space database server of the parking lot stores the parking space information of the parking lot, and the information source is collected by the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network and provided by the parking space reservation module of the parking lot. The 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network provides information on whether the parking space has been used, and the parking space reservation module provides parking space reservation information.
在一个优选实施例中，还可以包括系统优化服务器，其主要用于6LoWPAN无线传感网络的路由优化，使路由为系统提供高效节能的基础技术支持。In a preferred embodiment, a system optimization server may also be included, which is mainly used for routing optimization of the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network, so that the routing provides basic technical support for high efficiency and energy saving for the system.
停车场管理模块通过对停车场服务器的查询，得到停车场车位信息，计算得到计费信息，并为停车场管理人员提供良好的车位信息人机交互显示界面。通过对停车场服务器的查询，得到节点信息和网络状态信息，为停车场维护人员提供良好的网络维护人机交互显示界面。The parking lot management module obtains the parking space information by querying the parking lot server, calculates the billing information, and provides a good parking space information human-computer interaction display interface for the parking lot management personnel. Through the query of the parking lot server, the node information and network status information are obtained, and a good human-computer interaction display interface for network maintenance is provided for the parking lot maintenance personnel.
停车场指示牌模块通过对停车场服务器的查询，得到停车场各个区域的车位信息，并通过LED显示屏为停车场未预约车位客户提供车位显示区域车位信息，为他们寻找车位提供引导信息。The parking lot indicator module obtains the parking space information of each area of the parking lot by querying the parking lot server, and provides the parking space display area parking space information for the unreserved parking space customers in the parking lot through the LED display, and provides guidance information for them to find a parking space.
停车场车位预约模块，通过对停车场服务器的查询，得到停车场的车位信息并为用户提供车位预约的图形交互界面，为客户提供车位预约选择、车位计费、停车费缴纳、推荐停车位、车辆寻回等功能。The parking space reservation module of the parking lot, through the query of the parking lot server, obtains the parking space information of the parking lot and provides the user with a graphical interactive interface for parking space reservation, providing customers with parking space reservation selection, parking space billing, parking fee payment, recommended parking space, Vehicle recovery and other functions.
如图2所示，车位可预约智能停车场系统的6LoWPAN无线传感器网络包括6LoWPAN无线传感器网络节点、6LoWPAN无线传感器网络网关。其中，6LoWPAN无线传感器网络节点通过多跳的形式将车位信息传递到6LoWPAN无线传感器网络网关中，经过协议转换，通过TCP/IP网络传输到停车场服务器中，完成信息采集功能。停车场服务器将控制信息通过TCP/IP网络传输到6LoWPAN无线传感器网络网关，经过协议转换，传输到6LoWPAN无线传感器网络节点中，实现节点车位显示灯的控制，还有对停车指示牌的控制。As shown in Figure 2, the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network of the smart parking lot system with reserved parking spaces includes 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network nodes and 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network gateways. Among them, the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network node transmits the parking space information to the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network gateway in the form of multiple hops, and after protocol conversion, it is transmitted to the parking lot server through the TCP/IP network to complete the information collection function. The parking lot server transmits the control information to the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network gateway through the TCP/IP network. After protocol conversion, it is transmitted to the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network node to realize the control of the node parking space display lights and the control of the parking signs.
车位可预约智能停车场系统的6LoWPAN无线传感器网络节点包括基础模块、感应模块、显示模块、能量收集模块组成，该无线传感器网络节点主要完成车位信息的监测采集与停车场内的多跳组网，停车场内信息传输的功能。Parking spaces can be reserved. The 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network node of the intelligent parking system includes a basic module, a sensing module, a display module, and an energy collection module. The wireless sensor network node mainly completes the monitoring and collection of parking space information and the multi-hop networking in the parking lot. The function of information transmission in the parking lot.
如图3所示，本实施例的车位可预约智能停车场系统的6LoWPAN无线传感器网络节点基础模块主要实现的是无线传感器网络节点的基础功能，如计算功能、信息传输功能、电源供给功能、I/O功能等，其分为3个模块：微处理模块、电源模块、无线传输模块。其中，微处理模块优选为微处理器，主要提供无线传感器网络节点的计算处理功能以及I/O功能，在停车场车位监测系统中，其实现的是对感应模块的信息读取，信息处理，控制显示模块的输出和控制无线传感器网络的信息传输。电源模块优选采用可充电电池供电，为无线传感器网络节点提供必要的能源；本发明在电源模块加入能量收集装置，通过能量收集装置实现通过其他能量延长节点电池的使用寿命，降低维护成本。无线传输模块优选采用无线射频技术，实现节点之间的无线通信。As shown in Figure 3, what the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network node base module of the parking space of the present embodiment can reserve the intelligent parking system mainly realizes is the basic function of the wireless sensor network node, such as calculation function, information transmission function, power supply function, I /O function, etc., which are divided into three modules: micro-processing module, power module, wireless transmission module. Wherein, the microprocessing module is preferably a microprocessor, which mainly provides computing and processing functions and I/O functions of wireless sensor network nodes. In the parking lot monitoring system, it realizes information reading and information processing of the sensing module Control the output of the display module and control the information transmission of the wireless sensor network. The power module is preferably powered by a rechargeable battery to provide the necessary energy for the wireless sensor network nodes; the present invention adds an energy harvesting device to the power module, and through the energy harvesting device, the service life of the node battery can be extended through other energies and the maintenance cost can be reduced. The wireless transmission module preferably adopts radio frequency technology to realize wireless communication between nodes.
本实施例中的感应模块主要实现车位信息的感应功能，判断车位是否被占用或者闲置，通过基础模块的信息处理和信息传输，使服务器端实时地监测停车场内每一个车位的信息。感应模块优选采用超声波传感器，该传感器主要通过超声波测量与前方物体的距离，因此当车体与传感器距离达到某个定值时，认为该车位被占用。采用该传感器的优点是低成本，满足测量精度需求。由于上述感应特征，节点放置位置如图4所示。The sensing module in this embodiment mainly realizes the sensing function of parking space information, judges whether the parking space is occupied or idle, and enables the server to monitor the information of each parking space in the parking lot in real time through the information processing and information transmission of the basic module. The sensing module preferably adopts an ultrasonic sensor, which mainly measures the distance to the object in front through ultrasonic waves, so when the distance between the vehicle body and the sensor reaches a certain value, it is considered that the parking space is occupied. The advantage of using this sensor is that it is low cost and meets the measurement accuracy requirements. Due to the above inductive features, the node placements are shown in Figure 4.
本实施例的显示模块主要实现车位信息的显示功能，提供车位处的车位信息显示功能。由于本实施例是集成式的智能停车场，提供收费停车场的车位预约以及免费停车场的车位查询功能，优选显示模块可分为两种形式：收费停车场显示模块与免费停车场显示模块。The display module of this embodiment mainly realizes the display function of the parking space information, and provides the parking space information display function at the parking space. Since this embodiment is an integrated intelligent parking lot, which provides parking space reservation in toll parking lot and parking space query function in free parking lot, the preferred display module can be divided into two forms: toll parking lot display module and free parking lot display module.
其中，收费停车场显示模块优选采用3色LED灯(红、绿、黄)，红色代表车位已经被占用，绿色代表车位闲置，黄色代表车位被预约，通过LED灯颜色显示提示客户车位信息。免费停车场显示模块优选采用2色LED灯(红、绿)，红色代表车位已经被占用，绿色代表车位闲置。Among them, the charging parking lot display module preferably adopts 3-color LED lights (red, green, and yellow). Red represents that the parking space has been occupied, green represents that the parking space is idle, and yellow represents that the parking space is reserved. The LED light color display prompts customers for parking space information. The free parking lot display module preferably adopts 2-color LED lights (red and green). Red represents that the parking space has been occupied, and green represents that the parking space is idle.
在一个实施例中，还可以对6LoWPAN无线传感网络节点添加能量收集模块。由于无线传感网络存在着网络寿命问题，延长电源寿命，对提高整个网络的生命周期有极大的作用。本实施例的能量收集装置为温差热电发生器、室内照明光伏电池或潮湿气体电能收集器。其中，所述温差热电发生器利用塞贝克效应将设备上的温度差(以及由于温度差所导致的流过设备的热量)转换为电压，能有效地为无线传感器网络提供电能供应。室内照明光伏电池用于把室内照明光能通过光伏电池转化为电能，有较好地能量转换效率。潮湿气体电能收集器利用潮湿气体产生电能，能有效地提供能量。将能量收集装置有效地集成到电源模块中，实现与电源辅助供电，有利于延长电源寿命，延长整个网络的生命周期。In one embodiment, an energy harvesting module can also be added to the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network nodes. Since the wireless sensor network has the problem of network life, prolonging the life of the power supply has a great effect on improving the life cycle of the entire network. The energy harvesting device in this embodiment is a thermoelectric generator, a photovoltaic cell for indoor lighting, or a humid gas electric energy collector. Wherein, the thermoelectric generator uses the Seebeck effect to convert the temperature difference on the device (and the heat flowing through the device due to the temperature difference) into voltage, which can effectively provide power supply for the wireless sensor network. Indoor lighting photovoltaic cells are used to convert indoor lighting light energy into electrical energy through photovoltaic cells, and have better energy conversion efficiency. Humid gas power harvesters use humid gas to generate electricity, which can provide energy efficiently. The energy harvesting device is effectively integrated into the power module to achieve auxiliary power supply with the power supply, which is beneficial to prolonging the life of the power supply and the life cycle of the entire network.
在一个实施例中，无线传感器网络节点之间进行信息传输采用的是6LoWPAN传输协议。6LoWPAN是一种通过适配层技术使得基于IEEE 802.15.4标准的低功耗有损网络节点能够采用IPv6技术进行通信和交互的技术。由于该协议在未来最有可能成为事实标准，因此采用该标准能提高系统的可扩展性，提高与TCP/IP网络的融合功能，为以后物联网的发展提供基础设备准备。6LoWPAN与TCP/IP的比较如图5所示In one embodiment, the information transmission between wireless sensor network nodes adopts 6LoWPAN transmission protocol. 6LoWPAN is a technology that enables low-power lossy network nodes based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard to communicate and interact using IPv6 technology through the adaptation layer technology. Since this protocol is most likely to become a de facto standard in the future, the adoption of this standard can improve the scalability of the system, improve the integration function with the TCP/IP network, and provide basic equipment for the future development of the Internet of Things. The comparison between 6LoWPAN and TCP/IP is shown in Figure 5
本实施例中的6LoWPAN无线传感器网络路由算法采用CN201410705802.2中披露的方法，该路由方法采用和声搜索算法HS对整个网络的路由进行整体规划计算，有效地降低了整个网络的能耗水平，均衡了各个节点的能耗，延长整个网络的生命周期。由于该算法能有效平衡整个网络的能耗，显著延长整个网络的生命周期，而且其信息传输效率较高，因此本发明路由算法设计采用该路由方法，既满足停车场车位监测系统的需求，又降低6LoWPAN无线传感器网络的维护成本。但本发明中的路由算法并不限于该方法。The 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network routing algorithm in this embodiment adopts the method disclosed in CN201410705802.2. The routing method uses the harmony search algorithm HS to perform overall planning and calculation of the routing of the entire network, which effectively reduces the energy consumption level of the entire network. It balances the energy consumption of each node and prolongs the life cycle of the entire network. Because this algorithm can effectively balance the energy consumption of the entire network, significantly prolong the life cycle of the entire network, and its information transmission efficiency is high, so the routing algorithm design of the present invention adopts this routing method, which not only meets the needs of the parking lot monitoring system, but also Reduce the maintenance cost of 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network. But the routing algorithm in the present invention is not limited to this method.
6LoWPAN无线传感器网络节点的节点基础模块为节点提供节点的基础功能，包括计算功能、信息传输功能、电源供给功能、I/O功能，为其他节点模块提供功能支持。节点感应模块中，传感器采集车位数据，通过节点基础模块的I/O功能及计算功能，得到车位忙闲信息，并通过节点基础模块的传输功能将车位信息传输到停车场服务器中，完成停车场车位信息的采集功能。节点显示模块中，通过节点基础模块的传输功能将停车场服务器的显示灯控制信息传输到节点处，节点通过对控制信息的处理，进行显示灯相应的显示，实现车位信息的现场显示功能。节点能量收集模块中，由于节点网络寿命问题，该模块主要为了延长6LoWPAN无线传感网络的生命周期，减少节点更换电池等维护工作。The node basic module of the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network node provides the node with the basic functions of the node, including computing function, information transmission function, power supply function, I/O function, and provides functional support for other node modules. In the node sensing module, the sensor collects the parking space data, obtains the busy or idle information of the parking space through the I/O function and calculation function of the node basic module, and transmits the parking space information to the parking lot server through the transmission function of the node basic module to complete the parking lot The collection function of parking space information. In the node display module, the display light control information of the parking lot server is transmitted to the node through the transmission function of the node basic module. The node performs the corresponding display of the display light through the processing of the control information, and realizes the on-site display function of the parking space information. In the node energy collection module, due to the problem of the life of the node network, this module is mainly to prolong the life cycle of the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network and reduce the maintenance work such as replacing the battery of the node.
6LoWPAN无线传感器网络网关由基础模块、协议转换模块组成。其中网关的基础模块与6LoWPAN无线传感器网络节点的基础模块是一样的，主要添加了协议转换模块。网关主要实现与停车场服务器的信息传输，通过停车场大楼的基础网络设施，通过TCP/IP实现无线传感器节点与服务器的通信。The 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network gateway consists of a basic module and a protocol conversion module. The basic module of the gateway is the same as the basic module of the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network node, and the protocol conversion module is mainly added. The gateway mainly realizes the information transmission with the parking lot server, and realizes the communication between the wireless sensor node and the server through TCP/IP through the basic network facilities of the parking lot building.
由于6LoWPAN协议能无障碍的直接在IPv6网络中传输，但是由于现存的很多建筑基础网络设施仍有存在使用IPv4网络，因此协议转换模块主要是为了实现与IPv4网络的融合。主要是在停车场基础设施为IPv4网络时，在传输过程中，在6LoWPAN报文前加入一个IPv4的报头，实现6LoWPAN报文在IPv4网络中的传输。又由于某些露天停车场，没有基础网络设备的支持，协议转换模块实现6LoWPAN协议到3G协议的转换，实现6LoWPAN无线传感网络与移动网络的融合。Since the 6LoWPAN protocol can be directly transmitted in the IPv6 network without barriers, but because many existing building infrastructure network facilities still use the IPv4 network, the protocol conversion module is mainly to realize the integration with the IPv4 network. Mainly when the infrastructure of the parking lot is an IPv4 network, during the transmission process, an IPv4 header is added before the 6LoWPAN message to realize the transmission of the 6LoWPAN message in the IPv4 network. And because some open-air parking lots do not have the support of basic network equipment, the protocol conversion module realizes the conversion from 6LoWPAN protocol to 3G protocol, and realizes the integration of 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network and mobile network.
网关-服务器传输协议设计如下：6LoWPAN网关是连接6LoWPAN网络和外部网络的网关，实现6LoWPAN网络与外部网络的融合，使6LoWPAN网络内的信息能在外部网络进行传输。因涉及到的露天式停车场和地下停车场的需求不一样，因此在网关与服务器之间的采用不用的传输协议。其中，地下停车场优选采用TCP/IP协议，网关实现6LoWPAN协议到TCP/IP协议的转换，通过TCP/IP协议，与服务器进行信息传输。而露天式停车场优选采用3G协议，网关实现6LoWPAN协议到3G协议的转化，和提供3G的硬件基础，通过3G协议，实现6LoWPAN网络与Internet的互联。The gateway-server transmission protocol is designed as follows: the 6LoWPAN gateway is the gateway connecting the 6LoWPAN network and the external network, realizing the integration of the 6LoWPAN network and the external network, so that the information in the 6LoWPAN network can be transmitted on the external network. Because the requirements of the open-air parking lot and the underground parking lot involved are different, different transmission protocols are used between the gateway and the server. Among them, the underground parking lot preferably adopts the TCP/IP protocol, and the gateway realizes the conversion from the 6LoWPAN protocol to the TCP/IP protocol, and transmits information with the server through the TCP/IP protocol. The open-air parking lot preferably adopts the 3G protocol, and the gateway realizes the conversion of the 6LoWPAN protocol to the 3G protocol, and provides the hardware foundation of 3G, and realizes the interconnection between the 6LoWPAN network and the Internet through the 3G protocol.
如图4，本实施例的6LoWPAN无线传感器网络布局中，节点优选放置于停车车位的两个停车墩中间的前方(使轿车停好后不至于挡住节点显示灯的位置)，便于车位是否空闲的监测以及对停车顾客的车位信息显示。As shown in Figure 4, in the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network layout of the present embodiment, the node is preferably placed in front of the middle of the two parking piers of the parking space (so that the car will not block the position of the node display light after the car is parked), so that it is convenient to determine whether the parking space is free Monitoring and display of parking space information for parking customers.
6LoWPAN节点放置在每个停车位处，6LoWPAN网关放置在6LoWPAN节点的可通讯地区即可，在该地区形成该层停车场的监控中心，该监控中心的特点与功能包括：提供停车场内部局域网网络接入功能；提供具有计算功能的PC主机作为该层停车场服务器(提供6LoWPAN无线传感网络的路由计算功能，以及对该层停车位的监督控制功能)；提供停车场管理系统，其中监控中心为停车场管理人员和维护人员的工作室，停车场管理系统为管理人员和维护人员提供停车场系统管理的人机交互界面；The 6LoWPAN node is placed at each parking space, and the 6LoWPAN gateway is placed in the communicable area of the 6LoWPAN node. The monitoring center of the parking lot on this floor is formed in this area. The characteristics and functions of the monitoring center include: providing the internal LAN network of the parking lot Access function; provide PC host with computing function as the server of the parking lot on this floor (provide the routing calculation function of 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network, and the supervision and control function of the parking space on this floor); provide the parking lot management system, in which the monitoring center As the studio for parking lot managers and maintenance personnel, the parking lot management system provides management personnel and maintenance personnel with a human-computer interaction interface for parking system management;
本方案中，通过这样的布局以及6LoWPAN无线传感网络的无线通信能力，6LoWPAN无线传感网络节点便能在整个停车场中建立多跳的无线传感网络，组建了停车场车位监控的无线网络，每个车位处6LoWPAN节点通过若干跳后把车位信息传递到该层停车场的监控中心处的6LoWPAN网关处，通过PC机作为该无线传感网络的网络服务器，实现车位信息的存储和更改，以及节点的管理和维护工作，对停车场管理人员提供客户端，可视化地为他们提供停车场的车位信息以及节点信息，便于他们的管理和维护工作。具体网络布局如图6所示。In this solution, through such a layout and the wireless communication capability of the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network, the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network nodes can establish a multi-hop wireless sensor network in the entire parking lot, and form a wireless network for parking lot monitoring , the 6LoWPAN node at each parking space transmits the parking space information to the 6LoWPAN gateway at the monitoring center of the parking lot after several hops, and uses the PC as the network server of the wireless sensor network to realize the storage and modification of the parking space information. As well as the management and maintenance of nodes, it provides a client for parking lot managers, and provides them with parking space information and node information in the parking lot visually, which is convenient for their management and maintenance. The specific network layout is shown in Figure 6.
如图7所示，本实施例中，无线传感器网络服务器优选是网络管理服务器，其中维护6LoWPAN无线传感器网络节点信息的数据库，将网络信息汇总到该服务器中，保存节点的状态信息及节点的网络状态信息，为其他模块提供网络状况的查询及节点信息的查询功能。系统优化服务器用于通过对无线传感器网络服务器的信息查询，得到节点状态信息，通过该信息，进行6LoWPAN节点路由的计算，实现6LoWPAN无线传感网络的路由优化，提高6LoWPAN网络生命周期，降低系统维护成本。系统显示控制服务器用于通过不断地对停车场数据库服务器的查询，确定车位的忙闲预约信息，并向6LoWPAN无线传感器网络传输车位显示灯实时控制信息，实现对车位显示灯的控制；然后对各个区域的车位信息进行统计，得到各个区域的可用车位数量，并向6LoWPAN无线传感器网络传输停车场指示牌实时控制信息，实现对停车场指示牌的控制。停车场车位数据库服务器用于保存车位忙闲预约信息，为其他各个模块提供车位信息的查询。保存停车场的车位位置信息，为停车场车位预约应用，提供车位图形化预约界面提供数据基础。As shown in Figure 7, in this embodiment, the wireless sensor network server is preferably a network management server, which maintains a database of 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network node information, collects network information into the server, and saves the status information of the node and the network of the node. Status information, providing other modules with the query function of network status and node information. The system optimization server is used to query the information of the wireless sensor network server to obtain the node status information, and calculate the routing of the 6LoWPAN node through the information, realize the routing optimization of the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network, improve the life cycle of the 6LoWPAN network, and reduce system maintenance cost. The system display control server is used to continuously query the database server of the parking lot to determine the busy or idle reservation information of the parking spaces, and transmit the real-time control information of the parking space display lights to the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network to realize the control of the parking space display lights; The parking space information in the area is counted to obtain the number of available parking spaces in each area, and the real-time control information of the parking lot signs is transmitted to the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network to realize the control of the parking lot signs. The database server of parking spaces in the parking lot is used to save the reservation information of busy and idle parking spaces, and provide the query of parking space information for other modules. Save the parking space location information of the parking lot, and provide a data basis for the parking space reservation application and the parking space graphical reservation interface.
车位可预约智能停车场系统的停车场管理模块是为停车场管理人员和维护人员提供的停车场管理系统。该模块是通过对停车场服务器的车位信息查询，在客户端上以图像的形式显示本停车场的车位使用情况，实现停车场对车位的自助管理功能；通过对车位信息与时间信息的综合计算，实现停车场的停车计费功能，保证停车场的利益。它为停车场管理人员提供良好的车位信息人机交互界面，以方便停车场管理人员进行停车场的管理。Parking spaces can be reserved The parking lot management module of the intelligent parking system is a parking lot management system provided for parking lot managers and maintenance personnel. This module is to query the parking space information of the parking lot server, display the parking space usage of the parking lot in the form of images on the client side, and realize the self-service management function of the parking space in the parking lot; through the comprehensive calculation of parking space information and time information , realize the parking billing function of the parking lot, and ensure the interests of the parking lot. It provides a good human-computer interaction interface for parking lot information for the parking lot management personnel, so as to facilitate the parking lot management personnel to manage the parking lot.
通过对停车场网络服务器的节点信息与网络状态的查询，在客户端中以图像的形式显示本停车场的节点情况，出现节点故障(节点损坏、节点电源不足、节点功能出错等)，能及时报警，及显示节点位置，便于维护人员进行节点更换或节点电池更换。它为停车场维护人员提供良好的节点信息人机交互界面，以方便停车场维护人员进行停车场的无线传感器节点的管理。By querying the node information and network status of the network server of the parking lot, the node status of the parking lot is displayed on the client in the form of an image. If there is a node failure (node damage, node power shortage, node function error, etc.), it can timely Alarm, and display node location, convenient for maintenance personnel to replace nodes or node batteries. It provides a good node information human-computer interaction interface for the parking lot maintenance personnel to facilitate the parking lot maintenance personnel to manage the wireless sensor nodes of the parking lot.
本领域的技术人员容易理解，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, All should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610853818.7ACN106355941A (en) | 2016-09-27 | 2016-09-27 | Intelligent parking lot system with parking space ordering function |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610853818.7ACN106355941A (en) | 2016-09-27 | 2016-09-27 | Intelligent parking lot system with parking space ordering function |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106355941Atrue CN106355941A (en) | 2017-01-25 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610853818.7APendingCN106355941A (en) | 2016-09-27 | 2016-09-27 | Intelligent parking lot system with parking space ordering function |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106355941A (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106981219A (en)* | 2017-06-05 | 2017-07-25 | 郑伟强 | Intelligent wireless parking management system |
| CN107316499A (en)* | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-03 | 安徽婧文科技有限公司 | Intelligent parking total management system based on Internet of Things |
| CN108319904A (en)* | 2018-01-24 | 2018-07-24 | 江苏金陵科技集团有限公司 | A kind of virtual interactive interface method assisting face or Car license recognition |
| CN108417031A (en)* | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-17 | 浙江大学 | A strategy optimization method for intelligent parking space reservation based on agent simulation |
| CN110619762A (en)* | 2018-06-18 | 2019-12-27 | 方文淋 | Intelligent parking space guidance system |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103886775A (en)* | 2014-01-14 | 2014-06-25 | 南京邮电大学 | Parking space intelligent query and reservation system and method thereof |
| CN204990733U (en)* | 2015-07-25 | 2016-01-20 | 华东交通大学 | Underground parking garage intelligence service system that parks based on thing networking |
| US20160098929A1 (en)* | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-07 | Omid B. Nakhjavani | Easy parking finder |
| WO2016131625A1 (en)* | 2015-02-17 | 2016-08-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Parking space management system |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103886775A (en)* | 2014-01-14 | 2014-06-25 | 南京邮电大学 | Parking space intelligent query and reservation system and method thereof |
| US20160098929A1 (en)* | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-07 | Omid B. Nakhjavani | Easy parking finder |
| WO2016131625A1 (en)* | 2015-02-17 | 2016-08-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Parking space management system |
| CN204990733U (en)* | 2015-07-25 | 2016-01-20 | 华东交通大学 | Underground parking garage intelligence service system that parks based on thing networking |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106981219A (en)* | 2017-06-05 | 2017-07-25 | 郑伟强 | Intelligent wireless parking management system |
| CN107316499A (en)* | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-03 | 安徽婧文科技有限公司 | Intelligent parking total management system based on Internet of Things |
| CN108319904A (en)* | 2018-01-24 | 2018-07-24 | 江苏金陵科技集团有限公司 | A kind of virtual interactive interface method assisting face or Car license recognition |
| CN108417031A (en)* | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-17 | 浙江大学 | A strategy optimization method for intelligent parking space reservation based on agent simulation |
| CN108417031B (en)* | 2018-03-15 | 2020-04-24 | 浙江大学 | Intelligent parking berth reservation strategy optimization method based on Agent simulation |
| CN110619762A (en)* | 2018-06-18 | 2019-12-27 | 方文淋 | Intelligent parking space guidance system |
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Sikder et al. | IoT-enabled smart lighting systems for smart cities | |
| CN106355941A (en) | Intelligent parking lot system with parking space ordering function | |
| JP5738901B2 (en) | System, apparatus and method for exchanging energy with an electric vehicle | |
| Wei et al. | Design of energy consumption monitoring and energy-saving management system of intelligent building based on the Internet of things | |
| CN206877505U (en) | An urban intelligent parking system based on NB‑IOT | |
| Chen et al. | Integration of IoT with smart grid | |
| Phonrattanasak et al. | Optimal placement of EV fast charging stations considering the impact on electrical distribution and traffic condition | |
| Liu et al. | Charging-expense minimization through assignment rescheduling of movable charging stations in electric vehicle networks | |
| CN101950998A (en) | Charging system of electric vehicle internet of things | |
| CN208620234U (en) | A kind of new energy city intelligent road lamp system | |
| CN111263497B (en) | An intelligent optical configuration system and method based on wireless mesh ad hoc network | |
| WO2013019135A2 (en) | Multisensor intelligent street light with complete system | |
| CN114022046B (en) | Comprehensive energy system optimization scheduling method considering traffic balance | |
| CN107527504A (en) | A kind of traffic flow detection system based on WIFI signal | |
| CN101908275A (en) | Multi-network-based public transportation optimization travel method | |
| CN203654806U (en) | Intelligent public transport bus station | |
| CN106849233A (en) | A kind of centralized charge-discharge system, control method and device | |
| Ordouei et al. | Optimization of energy consumption in smart city using reinforcement learning algorithm | |
| CN108460527A (en) | A kind of planing method of the public electrically-charging equipment of electric vehicle | |
| CN103439931B (en) | A kind of electric automobile and real time information interactive system | |
| CN116505517A (en) | Microgrid Optimal Operation Method and System Considering Electric Vehicle Load Demand Response | |
| CN104483936A (en) | Wireless network information collection platform of wireless data access system | |
| CN107218571A (en) | A kind of solar street light and shared battery system | |
| CN212160933U (en) | An intelligent bus station | |
| Sun et al. | Optimization of electric vehicle charging and scheduling based on VANETs |
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20170125 |