技术领域technical field
本发明涉及医疗器械领域，尤其涉及一种多功能心电辅助监护装置。The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device.
背景技术Background technique
众所周知，心血管疾病是当今人类面临的最具有威胁的疾病之一。目前，我国心脑血管疾病患者已达2.9亿人，其中每年有超过300万人死于心血管疾病。由于心血管疾病发病时具有很大的突然性，因而极易失去了宝贵的早期诊断救治时间，为此，最好的方法是防患于未然。因为日常的心脏监护是病人生命安全的重要保证手段，通过对心脏的日常监护可预先发现异常征兆，可为及时救治赢得时间。通过心电信号对人体心脏情况进行日常监控是心脏监护的有效途径。但由于传统心电监护采用的大都为AgCl-Ag电极，需要使用电解凝胶或者粘合剂，而且采用带右腿驱动电极的三电极输入模式，测量时非常不便，而且其长期使用极易引起皮肤过敏等不适反应，因而不适合在日常生活中长期佩戴使用。As we all know, cardiovascular disease is one of the most threatening diseases facing mankind today. At present, the number of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in my country has reached 290 million, of which more than 3 million people die of cardiovascular diseases every year. Due to the sudden onset of cardiovascular disease, it is very easy to lose precious time for early diagnosis and treatment. For this reason, the best way is to prevent problems before they happen. Because daily heart monitoring is an important guarantee for the safety of patients' lives, abnormal signs can be detected in advance through daily heart monitoring, which can win time for timely treatment. Daily monitoring of human heart conditions through ECG signals is an effective way to monitor the heart. However, because most of the traditional ECG monitoring uses AgCl-Ag electrodes, electrolytic gel or adhesive needs to be used, and the three-electrode input mode with the right leg driving electrode is adopted, which is very inconvenient to measure, and its long-term use is very easy to cause Uncomfortable reactions such as skin allergies, so it is not suitable for long-term wearing in daily life.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，针对现有技术的上述缺陷，提供一种可对心电进行长时间监护的多功能心电辅助监护装置。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device capable of monitoring ECG for a long time in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：构造一种多功能心电辅助监护装置，包括一根胸带、嵌入胸带的用于与人体皮肤接触的用于采集原始心电信号的第一心电信号输入模块、可取出的置于所述胸带内的硬件系统、呈耳机结构的用于将第一心电信号输入模块采集的心电信号接入硬件系统的中间连接件，所述硬件系统的PCB电路板上嵌有第二心电信号输入模块，所述第一心电信号输入模块为两个镀银金属干电极/Agcl湿电极，所述第二心电信号输入模块为两个平板状的用于供用户的两个拇指触摸的镀银金属干电极，中间连接件分叉的两端分别与嵌入胸带上的一个镀银金属干电极/Agcl湿电极远离皮肤的一侧扣合连接，中间连接件的另一端与硬件系统插接；The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is to construct a multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device, including a chest strap, a first device for collecting original ECG signals embedded in the chest strap and used for contacting with human skin. An electrocardiographic signal input module, a removable hardware system placed in the chest strap, an intermediate connector for connecting the electrocardiographic signal collected by the first electrocardiographic signal input module to the hardware system in an earphone structure, the A second ECG signal input module is embedded on the PCB circuit board of the hardware system, and the first ECG signal input module is two silver-plated metal dry electrodes/Agcl wet electrodes, and the second ECG signal input module is Two plate-shaped silver-plated metal dry electrodes are used for the user's two thumbs to touch, and the two ends of the middle connector are respectively connected to a silver-plated metal dry electrode/Agcl wet electrode embedded in the chest strap, which is away from the skin. Side buckle connection, the other end of the middle connector is plugged into the hardware system;
所述硬件系统包括：用于接收第一心电信号输入模块或者第二心电信号输入模块的心电信号并根据电极阻值对输入电极类型进行识别以进入对应的工作模式的输入接口电路、用于将心电信号进行前置放大及信号调理的模拟前端预处理模块、用于对模拟前端预处理模块输出的心电信号进行二级放大及滤波及AD采集的心电专用芯片、对心电专用芯片进行控制和通信的MCU、将从心电专用芯片获得的心电信号以文件系统形式存储的SD卡模块、将心电信号发送给上位机来进行显示和存储处理的通讯模块、电池、通过USB接口给电池充电以及对MCU进行电源管理的电源管理模块、用于显示心电数据的OLED显示屏；The hardware system includes: an input interface circuit for receiving the ECG signal from the first ECG signal input module or the second ECG signal input module and identifying the input electrode type according to the electrode resistance value to enter the corresponding working mode, An analog front-end pre-processing module for pre-amplification and signal conditioning of the ECG signal, a dedicated ECG chip for secondary amplification and filtering of the ECG signal output by the analog front-end pre-processing module, and AD acquisition. MCU for controlling and communicating with the special chip for electricity, SD card module for storing the ECG signal obtained from the ECG chip in the form of a file system, a communication module for sending the ECG signal to the upper computer for display and storage processing, battery , A power management module for charging the battery and power management for the MCU through the USB interface, and an OLED display for displaying ECG data;
所述输入接口电路与所述第一心电信号输入模块、第二心电信号输入模块连接，所述模拟前端预处理模块连接输入接口电路和心电专用芯片，心电专用芯片、通讯模块、SD卡模块、OLED显示屏分别连接至MCU，所述电源管理模块与所述电池、MCU、模拟前端预处理模块、心电专用芯片、通讯模块连接。The input interface circuit is connected with the first ECG signal input module and the second ECG signal input module, the analog front-end preprocessing module is connected with the input interface circuit and the ECG dedicated chip, the ECG dedicated chip, the communication module, The SD card module and the OLED display are respectively connected to the MCU, and the power management module is connected to the battery, the MCU, the analog front-end preprocessing module, the ECG dedicated chip, and the communication module.
在本发明所述的多功能心电辅助监护装置中，所述通信模块包括蓝牙模块和/或WiFi模块和/或USB接口。In the multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device of the present invention, the communication module includes a Bluetooth module and/or a WiFi module and/or a USB interface.
在本发明所述的多功能心电辅助监护装置中，所述模拟前端预处理模块包括：与第二镀银金属干电极连接的用于阻抗匹配的缓冲放大电路、低通滤波电路、交流耦合及高通滤波电路、与心电专用芯片连接的对两路差分信号进行二级放大的仪表运算放大器，所述缓冲放大电路、低通滤波电路、交流耦合及高通滤波电路、仪表运算放大器依次连接，所述低通滤波电路的截止频率为40Hz，交流耦合及高通滤波电路的截止频率为0.4Hz。In the multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device according to the present invention, the analog front-end preprocessing module includes: a buffer amplifier circuit for impedance matching connected to the second silver-plated metal dry electrode, a low-pass filter circuit, an AC coupling and a high-pass filter circuit, an instrumentation operational amplifier connected to an ECG dedicated chip for secondary amplification of the two-way differential signals, the buffer amplifier circuit, a low-pass filter circuit, an AC coupling and a high-pass filter circuit, and an instrumentation operational amplifier are connected in sequence, The cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter circuit is 40 Hz, and the cut-off frequency of the AC coupling and high-pass filter circuits is 0.4 Hz.
在本发明所述的多功能心电辅助监护装置中，所述仪表运算放大器与心电专用芯片之间还包括一个50Hz双T陷波器。In the multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device of the present invention, a 50Hz double-T notch filter is also included between the instrumentation operational amplifier and the ECG dedicated chip.
在本发明所述的多功能心电辅助监护装置中，所述缓冲放大电路包括MCP6004系列的四运算放大器、第一电阻、第二电阻，所述低通滤波电路包括第一电容、第二电容、第三电阻、第四电阻，所述交流耦合及高通滤波电路包括第三电容、第四电容、第五电阻、第六电阻、第七电阻、第八电阻；In the multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device of the present invention, the buffer amplifier circuit includes four operational amplifiers of the MCP6004 series, a first resistor, and a second resistor, and the low-pass filter circuit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor , a third resistor, a fourth resistor, the AC coupling and high-pass filter circuit includes a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, and an eighth resistor;
所述四运算放大器中的第一个运放的正输入端经由所述第一电阻连接至第一个第二镀银金属干电极、负输入端连接输出端，所述四运算放大器中的第二个运放的正输入端经由所述第二电阻连接至第二个第二镀银金属干电极、负输入端连接输出端，所述第一个运放的输出端连接第三电阻的一端，第三电阻的另一端连接第三电容的第一端以及经由第一电容接信号地，所述第二个运放的输出端连接第四电阻的一端，第四电阻的另一端连接第四电容的第一端以及经由第二电容接信号地，第三电容的第一端先后经由第五电阻、第七电阻连接第四电容的第一端，第三电容的第二端先后经由第六电阻、第八电阻连接第四电容的第二端，第五电阻和第七电阻之间的节点与第六电阻和第八电阻之间的节点连接且均连接至仪表运算放大器的负输入端，第三电容的第二端连接仪表运算放大器的正输入端，仪表运算放大器的正输入端经由第九电阻接信号地、负输入端经由第十电阻接信号地，信号地经由第十一电阻接内部电源、经由第十二电阻接地。The positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier in the four operational amplifiers is connected to the first second silver-plated metal dry electrode through the first resistor, and the negative input terminal is connected to the output terminal. The first operational amplifier in the four operational amplifiers The positive input terminals of the two operational amplifiers are connected to the second second silver-plated metal dry electrode through the second resistor, the negative input terminal is connected to the output terminal, and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to one end of the third resistor , the other end of the third resistor is connected to the first end of the third capacitor and the signal ground via the first capacitor, the output end of the second operational amplifier is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the fourth The first end of the capacitor is connected to the signal ground through the second capacitor, the first end of the third capacitor is connected to the first end of the fourth capacitor through the fifth resistor and the seventh resistor, and the second end of the third capacitor is connected through the sixth The resistor and the eighth resistor are connected to the second end of the fourth capacitor, the node between the fifth resistor and the seventh resistor is connected to the node between the sixth resistor and the eighth resistor and both are connected to the negative input terminal of the instrumentation operational amplifier, The second terminal of the third capacitor is connected to the positive input terminal of the instrumentation operational amplifier. The positive input terminal of the instrumentation operational amplifier is connected to the signal ground through the ninth resistor, the negative input terminal is connected to the signal ground through the tenth resistor, and the signal ground is connected to the eleventh resistor. Internal power supply, grounded via the twelfth resistor.
在本发明所述的多功能心电辅助监护装置中，所述MCU采用STM32F103VCT6，所述仪表运算放大器采用INA321，所述心电专用芯片为ADAS1000。In the multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device of the present invention, the MCU adopts STM32F103VCT6, the instrument operational amplifier adopts INA321, and the ECG dedicated chip is ADAS1000.
在本发明所述的多功能心电辅助监护装置中，所述硬件系统还包括与所述MCU连接的震动模块和开关按键。In the multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device of the present invention, the hardware system further includes a vibration module and a switch button connected to the MCU.
在本发明所述的多功能心电辅助监护装置中，所述上位机包括手机、PDA或PC。In the multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device of the present invention, the host computer includes a mobile phone, a PDA or a PC.
实施本发明的多功能心电辅助监护装置，具有以下有益效果：本发明采用双电极输入检测模式，与传统的带右腿驱动电极的三电极输入模式相比，本双电极通过模拟前端预处理模块等电路改进来提高信噪比的同时，心电信号输入端少了一个消除共模抑制噪声的右腿驱动电极，携带更为自由方便，减小了佩戴本胸带式心电监测装置给用户带来的束缚感；Implementing the multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention adopts a dual-electrode input detection mode, compared with the traditional three-electrode input mode with the right leg driving electrode, the dual-electrode is preprocessed by the analog front end Module and other circuits are improved to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and at the same time, the input terminal of the ECG signal lacks a right-leg drive electrode that eliminates common-mode suppression noise, which is more free and convenient to carry, and reduces the inconvenience of wearing the chest belt-type ECG monitoring device. The sense of restraint brought by users;
本发明中输入接口电路可以对输入电极类型进行识别，进而执行对应的工作模式，在使用镀银金属干电极作为输入电极时，不需要使用电解凝胶或者粘合剂，从而提高了本装置的舒适性和便携性，同时也可通过Agcl湿电极作为心电输入以及通过双手触摸嵌入本硬件系统PCB中的两个镀银金属干电极来进行多种方式的便携测量；In the present invention, the input interface circuit can identify the type of the input electrode, and then execute the corresponding working mode. When using the silver-plated metal dry electrode as the input electrode, there is no need to use electrolytic gel or adhesive, thereby improving the reliability of the device. Comfortable and portable, at the same time, it can also use Agcl wet electrodes as ECG input and carry out various portable measurements by touching the two silver-plated metal dry electrodes embedded in the PCB of this hardware system with both hands;
而且心电信号不仅可以通过通讯模块在上位机上显示和存储，供医护人员参照，还可以存储到SD卡中，医护人员可通过对SD卡中保存的数据进行离线分析，为医生诊治提供辅助参考。Moreover, the ECG signal can not only be displayed and stored on the host computer through the communication module for reference by the medical staff, but also can be stored in the SD card. The medical staff can analyze the data stored in the SD card offline to provide auxiliary reference for the doctor's diagnosis and treatment. .
附图说明Description of drawings
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, in the accompanying drawing:
图1是本发明多功能心电辅助监护装置的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device of the present invention;
图2是本发明多功能心电辅助监护装置的一个较佳实施例的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现对照附图详细说明本发明的具体实施方式。In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific implementation manners of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
参考图1，本发明的多功能心电辅助监护装置包括一根胸带、嵌入胸带的用于与人体皮肤接触的用于采集原始心电信号的第一心电信号输入模块、可取出的置于所述胸带内的硬件系统、呈耳机结构的用于将第一心电信号输入模块采集的心电信号接入硬件系统的中间连接件，所述硬件系统的PCB电路板上嵌有第二心电信号输入模块，所述第一心电信号输入模块为两个镀银金属干电极/Agcl湿电极，所述第二心电信号输入模块为两个平板状的用于供用户的两个拇指触摸的镀银金属干电极，中间连接件分叉的两端分别与嵌入胸带上的一个镀银金属干电极/Agcl湿电极远离皮肤的一侧扣合连接，中间连接件的另一端与硬件系统插接。Referring to Fig. 1, the multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device of the present invention includes a chest strap, a first ECG signal input module embedded in the chest strap for contacting with human skin for collecting original ECG signals, a removable The hardware system placed in the chest strap, the intermediate connector for connecting the ECG signal collected by the first ECG signal input module into the hardware system in the earphone structure, the PCB circuit board of the hardware system is embedded with The second ECG signal input module, the first ECG signal input module is two silver-plated metal dry electrodes/Agcl wet electrodes, and the second ECG signal input module is two flat plates for users Two silver-plated metal dry electrodes touched by the thumb, the two ends of the fork of the intermediate connector are respectively buckled and connected with a silver-plated metal dry electrode/Agcl wet electrode embedded in the chest strap away from the skin, and the other end of the intermediate connector is One end is plugged with the hardware system.
中间连接件未分叉的一端形成依次缩径的三节，最前面的一节是用于接地信号，往后的两节接通两路心电信号，该两路心电信号来自与其分叉的两端扣合连接的第一心电信号输入模块中的镀银金属干电极/Agcl湿电极。The unbranched end of the intermediate connector forms three sections with successively reduced diameters. The first section is used for grounding signals, and the next two sections are connected to two ECG signals, which come from the bifurcated ECG. The silver-plated metal dry electrode/Agcl wet electrode in the first ECG signal input module with snap-fit connection at both ends.
所述硬件系统包括：输入接口电路100、模拟前端预处理模块200，心电专用芯片300、MCU 400、SD卡模块600、通讯模块500、电池、电源管理模块700、OLED显示屏。The hardware system includes: input interface circuit 100, analog front-end preprocessing module 200, ECG dedicated chip 300, MCU 400, SD card module 600, communication module 500, battery, power management module 700, OLED display.
所述输入接口电路100与所述第一心电信号输入模块、第二心电信号输入模块连接，所述模拟前端预处理模块200连接输入接口电路100和心电专用芯片300，心电专用芯片300、通讯模块500、SD卡模块600分别连接至MCU 400，所述电源管理模块700与所述电池、MCU 400、模拟前端预处理模块200、心电专用芯片300、通讯模块500连接。The input interface circuit 100 is connected with the first ECG signal input module and the second ECG signal input module, and the analog front-end preprocessing module 200 is connected with the input interface circuit 100 and the ECG dedicated chip 300, and the ECG dedicated chip 300, the communication module 500, and the SD card module 600 are respectively connected to the MCU 400, and the power management module 700 is connected to the battery, the MCU 400, the analog front-end preprocessing module 200, the ECG dedicated chip 300, and the communication module 500.
输入接口电路100，用于接收第一心电信号输入模块或者第二心电信号输入模块的心电信号并根据电极阻值对输入电极类型进行识别以使硬件系统进入对应的工作模式，电极阻值的获取可以利用阻值定义原理，通过电流电压检测电路获取到的电流电压计算得到，MCU可以根据电极阻值进入对应的工作模式。即输入接口电路100可以根据是否插入中间连接件来自动选择，当插入中间连接件时，通过第一心电信号输入模块作为心电采集输入端，此时第二心电信号输入模块的输入端自动断开，拔掉中间连接件时恰好相反，即从第一心电信号输入模块/二心电信号输入模块中获得一路心电信号，送给模拟前端预处理模块200。The input interface circuit 100 is used to receive the ECG signal of the first ECG signal input module or the second ECG signal input module and identify the input electrode type according to the electrode resistance value so that the hardware system enters a corresponding working mode, and the electrode resistance The value can be obtained by using the principle of resistance value definition, and calculated by the current and voltage obtained by the current and voltage detection circuit, and the MCU can enter the corresponding working mode according to the electrode resistance value. That is, the input interface circuit 100 can be automatically selected according to whether the intermediate connector is inserted. When the intermediate connector is inserted, the first ECG signal input module is used as the ECG acquisition input terminal. At this time, the input terminal of the second ECG signal input module Automatic disconnection, just the opposite when the intermediate connector is pulled out, that is, one ECG signal is obtained from the first ECG signal input module/second ECG signal input module, and sent to the analog front-end preprocessing module 200 .
模拟前端预处理模块200，用于将第二镀银金属干电极100采集的单导联心电信号进行前置放大及信号调理；The analog front-end pre-processing module 200 is used to perform pre-amplification and signal conditioning on the single-lead ECG signal collected by the second silver-plated metal dry electrode 100;
心电专用芯片300，用于对模拟前端预处理模块200输出的心电信号进行二级放大及软件滤波及AD采集；优选的，所述心电专用芯片300为ADAS1000。The ECG dedicated chip 300 is used for secondary amplification, software filtering and AD acquisition of the ECG signal output by the analog front-end preprocessing module 200; preferably, the ECG dedicated chip 300 is ADAS1000.
MCU 400，通过配置心电专用芯片300的寄存器以对心电专用芯片300进行控制和通信；优选的，所述MCU 400采用STM32F103VCT6。The MCU 400 controls and communicates with the ECG dedicated chip 300 by configuring the registers of the ECG dedicated chip 300; preferably, the MCU 400 adopts STM32F103VCT6.
SD卡模块600，将从心电专用芯片300获得的心电信号以FAT32文件系统形式存储，实现原始数据文件暂存；The SD card module 600 stores the ECG signals obtained from the ECG dedicated chip 300 in the form of a FAT32 file system to realize temporary storage of original data files;
通讯模块500，将上述心电信号通过发送给上位机来进行显示和存储处理，上位机既可以实时显示，也可以存储后离线显示。所述上位机包括手机和/或PDA和/或PC，优选的，所述通讯模块500采用蓝牙BT4.0模块，蓝牙支持一对一，一对多。The communication module 500 transmits the electrocardiographic signal to the host computer for display and storage processing. The host computer can either display it in real time or store it and display it offline. The upper computer includes a mobile phone and/or a PDA and/or a PC. Preferably, the communication module 500 adopts a Bluetooth BT4.0 module, and Bluetooth supports one-to-one and one-to-many.
电源管理模块700，通过USB接口给电池充电以及对MCU 400进行电源管理。优选的，当心电专用芯片300检测到导联脱落时，MCU 400控制电源管理模块700经过预设时间后断开给模拟前端预处理模块200、心电专用芯片300、通讯模块500的供电，例如MCU 400通过控制电源管理模块700给该三个部分供电的通路中的三极管(场效应管)的关闭实现。如此可以提高装置的续航能力。The power management module 700 charges the battery and manages the power of the MCU 400 through the USB interface. Preferably, when the ECG dedicated chip 300 detects that the lead is off, the MCU 400 controls the power management module 700 to disconnect the power supply to the analog front-end preprocessing module 200, the ECG dedicated chip 300, and the communication module 500 after a preset time, for example The MCU 400 is implemented by controlling the power supply management module 700 to turn off the triode (field effect transistor) in the path for supplying power to the three parts. This can improve the battery life of the device.
使用时，由于输入接口电路可以对输入电极类型进行识别，进而执行对应的工作模式。可以佩戴好胸带后，将呈耳机结构的中间连接件的未分叉的一端与硬件系统插接，分叉的两端与第一心电信号输入模块的镀银金属干电极/Agcl湿电极通过按扣结构扣合，然后将硬件系统置于所述胸带内，再进行测量，穿戴时体积小且无束缚；还可以将硬件系统从胸带中取出，取下中间连接件，将硬件系统从胸带中取出后直接双手按压第二心电信号输入模块中的平板状的镀银金属干电极进行测量，测量结果可以通过OLED显示屏显示。When in use, since the input interface circuit can identify the type of the input electrode, and then execute the corresponding working mode. After the chest strap can be worn, plug the unbranched end of the middle connector in the earphone structure into the hardware system, and connect the bifurcated ends to the silver-plated metal dry electrode/Agcl wet electrode of the first ECG signal input module. Fasten through the snap button structure, then place the hardware system in the chest strap, and then measure it. It is small in size and unconstrained when worn; you can also take the hardware system out of the chest strap, remove the middle connector, and put the hardware After the system is taken out of the chest strap, directly press the plate-shaped silver-plated metal dry electrode in the second ECG signal input module with both hands to measure, and the measurement results can be displayed on the OLED display.
本发明采用双电极输入检测模式，与传统的带右腿驱动电极的三电极输入模式相比，本双电极通过模拟前端预处理模块等电路改进来提高信噪比的同时，心电信号输入端少了一个消除共模抑制噪声的右腿驱动电极，携带更为自由方便，减小了佩戴本胸带式心电监测装置给用户带来的束缚感；The present invention adopts a dual-electrode input detection mode. Compared with the traditional three-electrode input mode with right-leg driving electrodes, the dual-electrode circuit improves the signal-to-noise ratio through the analog front-end preprocessing module and other circuit improvements. At the same time, the ECG signal input terminal There is one less right leg drive electrode that eliminates common mode suppression noise, which makes it more free and convenient to carry, reducing the sense of restraint brought to users by wearing this chest belt ECG monitoring device;
本发明中输入接口电路可以对输入电极类型进行识别，进而执行对应的工作模式，在使用镀银金属干电极作为输入电极时，不需要使用电解凝胶或者粘合剂，从而提高了本装置的舒适性和便携性，同时也可通过Agcl湿电极作为心电输入以及通过双手触摸嵌入本硬件系统PCB中的两个镀银金属干电极来进行多种方式的便携测量。In the present invention, the input interface circuit can identify the type of the input electrode, and then execute the corresponding working mode. When using the silver-plated metal dry electrode as the input electrode, there is no need to use electrolytic gel or adhesive, thereby improving the reliability of the device. Comfortable and portable, it can also use Agcl wet electrodes as ECG input and carry out various portable measurements by touching the two silver-plated metal dry electrodes embedded in the PCB of this hardware system with both hands.
而且当采用镀银金属干电极时，它在测量心电信号时直接和皮肤接触，不需要使用电解凝胶或者粘合剂，因而非常适合于长时间的心电监测，且还可扩展应用到譬如生理监测、远程医疗、电子协助和运动医学等诸多领域，也可家用；而且心电信号不仅可以通过通讯模块在上位机上显示和存储，供医护人员参照，还可以存储到SD卡中，医护人员可通过对SD卡中保存的数据进行离线分析，为医生诊治提供辅助参考。Moreover, when silver-plated metal dry electrodes are used, they are in direct contact with the skin when measuring ECG signals, without the use of electrolytic gel or adhesive, so they are very suitable for long-term ECG monitoring, and can also be extended to For example, many fields such as physiological monitoring, telemedicine, electronic assistance and sports medicine can also be used for home use; and the ECG signal can not only be displayed and stored on the host computer through the communication module for reference by medical staff, but also can be stored in SD card. Personnel can provide auxiliary reference for doctors' diagnosis and treatment by performing offline analysis on the data stored in the SD card.
具体实施例中，所述硬件系统还包括与所述MCU 400连接的开关按键，所述开关按键用于触发供电或切断电源。In a specific embodiment, the hardware system further includes a switch button connected to the MCU 400, and the switch button is used to trigger or cut off the power supply.
优选的，所述硬件系统还包括与所述MCU 400连接的震动模块，所述震动模块用于通过发出不同频率的震动提醒用户电源的开启/关闭或者提醒用户心电数据异常。Preferably, the hardware system further includes a vibration module connected to the MCU 400, the vibration module is used to remind the user of power on/off or abnormal ECG data by emitting vibrations of different frequencies.
参考图2，较佳实施例中，所述模拟前端预处理模块200包括依次连接的：与第二镀银金属干电极100连接的用于阻抗匹配的缓冲放大电路210、低通滤波电路220、交流耦合及高通滤波电路230、对两路差分信号进行二级放大的型号为INA321的仪表运算放大器240。所述低通滤波电路220的截止频率为40Hz，交流耦合及高通滤波电路230的截止频率为0.4Hz。Referring to Fig. 2, in a preferred embodiment, the analog front-end preprocessing module 200 includes sequentially connected: a buffer amplifier circuit 210 for impedance matching connected to the second silver-plated metal dry electrode 100, a low-pass filter circuit 220, An AC coupling and high-pass filter circuit 230, and an instrumentation operational amplifier 240 of the type INA321 for secondary amplification of the two-way differential signals. The cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter circuit 220 is 40 Hz, and the cut-off frequency of the AC coupling and high-pass filter circuit 230 is 0.4 Hz.
优选的，为了增加滤波效果，前级放大之后、心电专用芯片300之前再加一个50Hz双T陷波器250，来起到双重滤除工频干扰噪声的效果。Preferably, in order to increase the filtering effect, a 50 Hz double-T notch filter 250 is added after the pre-amplification and before the ECG dedicated chip 300 to double filter out power frequency interference noise.
所述缓冲放大电路210包括MCP6004系列的四运算放大器、第一电阻R1、第二电阻R2，40Hz低通滤波电路220包括第一电容C1、第二电容C2、第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4，所述交流耦合及高通滤波电路230包括第三电容C3、第四电容C4、第五电阻R5、第六电阻R6、第七电阻R7、第八电阻R8；The buffer amplifier circuit 210 includes four operational amplifiers of the MCP6004 series, a first resistor R1, and a second resistor R2, and the 40Hz low-pass filter circuit 220 includes a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4 , the AC coupling and high-pass filter circuit 230 includes a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, and an eighth resistor R8;
所述四运算放大器中的第一个运放的正输入端经由所述第一电阻R1连接至第一个第二镀银金属干电极100、负输入端连接输出端，所述四运算放大器中的第二个运放的正输入端经由所述第二电阻R2连接至第二个第二镀银金属干电极100、负输入端连接输出端，所述第一个运放的输出端连接第三电阻R3的一端，第三电阻R3的另一端连接第三电容C3的第一端以及经由第一电容C1接信号地，所述第二个运放的输出端连接第四电阻R4的一端，第四电阻R4的另一端连接第四电容C4的第一端以及经由第二电容C2接信号地，第三电容C3的第一端先后经由第五电阻R5、第七电阻R7连接第四电容C4的第一端，第三电容C3的第二端先后经由第六电阻R6、第八电阻R8连接第四电容C4的第二端，第五电阻R5和第七电阻R7之间的节点与第六电阻R6和第八电阻R8之间的节点连接且均连接至INA321的负输入端，第三电容C3的第二端连接INA321的正输入端，INA321的正输入端经由第九电阻R9接信号地、负输入端经由第十电阻R10接信号地，信号地经由第十一电阻R11接内部电源、经由第十二电阻R12接地。The positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier in the four operational amplifiers is connected to the first second silver-plated metal dry electrode 100 via the first resistor R1, and the negative input terminal is connected to the output terminal. The positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the second second silver-plated metal dry electrode 100 via the second resistor R2, the negative input terminal is connected to the output terminal, and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the second One end of the three resistors R3, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first end of the third capacitor C3 and the signal ground via the first capacitor C1, the output end of the second operational amplifier is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, The other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first end of the fourth capacitor C4 and the signal ground via the second capacitor C2, and the first end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the fourth capacitor C4 via the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh resistor R7 successively. The first end of the third capacitor C3, the second end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the second end of the fourth capacitor C4 via the sixth resistor R6 and the eighth resistor R8 successively, and the node between the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the sixth The node between the resistor R6 and the eighth resistor R8 is connected and both are connected to the negative input terminal of the INA321, the second terminal of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the positive input terminal of the INA321, and the positive input terminal of the INA321 is connected to the signal ground through the ninth resistor R9 , The negative input terminal is connected to the signal ground through the tenth resistor R10, the signal ground is connected to the internal power supply through the eleventh resistor R11, and grounded through the twelfth resistor R12.
由于第二镀银金属干电极100接触不固定，所以会造成接触阻抗的改变，这对人体心电信号的提取造成了一定的困难，因为高阻抗的干电极容易受到噪声的干扰，噪声来源主要为运动伪差和电力线干扰。因此，本发明在第二镀银金属干电极100后面接一个缓冲放大器，即射极跟随器，其作用就是将高阻抗信号转化为低阻抗信号，实现阻抗的匹配，从而使输入端获得较大的信噪比，使低阻抗信号不易受外界噪声信号的干扰，较佳实施例中，缓冲放大器的正输入端连接的电阻R1＝R2＝100KΩ。Since the contact of the second silver-plated metal dry electrode 100 is not fixed, it will cause a change in the contact impedance, which causes certain difficulties in the extraction of human ECG signals, because the high-impedance dry electrode is easily disturbed by noise, and the main source of noise is for motion artifacts and power line disturbances. Therefore, in the present invention, a buffer amplifier is connected behind the second silver-plated metal dry electrode 100, that is, an emitter follower, and its function is to convert a high-impedance signal into a low-impedance signal to achieve impedance matching, so that the input terminal can obtain a larger The signal-to-noise ratio makes the low-impedance signal less susceptible to interference from external noise signals. In a preferred embodiment, the positive input terminal of the buffer amplifier is connected to a resistor R1=R2=100KΩ.
由于95％以上的心电信号的能量均集聚在0～40Hz，因此本装置的低通滤波电路220截止频率设置为40Hz，只获取0～40Hz频带的心电信号，同时低通滤波去掉了大部分50Hz工频干扰，较佳实施例中，选择低通滤波的参数值如下：R3＝R4＝1MΩ，C1＝C2＝2uF。为了增加50Hz工频干扰的滤波效果，其后面再加一个50Hz陷波来起到双重除工频干扰噪声的效果。Since more than 95% of the energy of the ECG signal is concentrated at 0-40 Hz, the cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter circuit 220 of this device is set to 40 Hz, and only the ECG signal in the 0-40 Hz frequency band is obtained. Part of the 50Hz power frequency interference, in a preferred embodiment, select the parameter values of the low-pass filter as follows: R3=R4=1MΩ, C1=C2=2uF. In order to increase the filtering effect of 50Hz power frequency interference, a 50Hz notch is added behind it to double the effect of removing power frequency interference noise.
此外，在本装置的硬件系统中，由电阻R5，R6，R7，R8以及C3，C4构成一个交流耦合电路，其主要作用是将织物电极获得的微弱心电信号有效地耦合到后面信号放大及硬件系统中，另外电容C3和电阻R6、电容C4和电阻R7还分别构成一个无源高通滤波器。若选择R6C3＝R7C4＝τ，此时电路的传递函数关系式为：GDD(s)＝Sτ/Sτ+1，截止频率为fc＝1/2πR6C3，在电路参数选择中，由于大阻值电阻能带来较高输入阻抗，有利于信号的提取，因此，在本电路中尽力选择较大电阻。同时再根据心电信号的频谱特征和心电信号的特点，无源高通滤波器的截止频率设置为0.4Hz。因而，选择交流耦合的参数值如下：R5＝R6＝R7＝R8＝2MΩ，C3＝C4＝200nF。此外，该交流耦合电路也起到了抑制电极端直流偏置电压的作用，因而可防止微小信号出现饱和的现象。In addition, in the hardware system of this device, an AC coupling circuit is composed of resistors R5, R6, R7, R8, C3, and C4. Its main function is to effectively couple the weak ECG signal obtained by the fabric electrode to the subsequent signal amplification and In the hardware system, capacitor C3 and resistor R6, capacitor C4 and resistor R7 also form a passive high-pass filter respectively. If R6C3=R7C4=τ is selected, the transfer function relation of the circuit is: GDD(s)=Sτ/Sτ+1, the cut-off frequency is fc =1/2πR6 C3 , in the selection of circuit parameters, due to the large Resistance resistance can bring higher input impedance, which is beneficial to signal extraction, so try to choose a larger resistance in this circuit. At the same time, according to the spectrum characteristics of the ECG signal and the characteristics of the ECG signal, the cut-off frequency of the passive high-pass filter is set to 0.4 Hz. Therefore, the parameter values for selecting the AC coupling are as follows: R5 = R6 = R7 = R8 = 2MΩ, C3 = C4 = 200nF. In addition, the AC coupling circuit also plays a role in suppressing the DC bias voltage at the electrode terminal, thus preventing saturation of tiny signals.
本装置的模拟前端预处理模块200采用了两级放大方案，首先采用MCP6004缓冲放大器分别进行射极缓冲放大，主要是为提高输入端的阻抗来达到阻抗匹配的作用；然后低通滤波电路220对心电原始信号进行40Hz低通滤波；随后再通过交流耦合及高通滤波电路230来将心电信号有效的耦合到后续的放大电路中，同时进行0.4Hz高通滤波；再利用仪表运算放大器240INA321对两路差分信号进行二级放大；再通过50Hz双T陷波器250进行50Hz工频干扰信号滤波处理，使心电信号频率限制在0.4-40HZ的带通频段内；并通过ADAS1000专用芯片放大及处理后，送给处理器STM32F103VCT6来进行AD采样；最后通过MCU 400将心电信号再通过蓝牙BT4.0发送给手机、PDA或带有蓝牙接收头的PC，用于心电信号的实时显示和保存。The analog front-end preprocessing module 200 of this device adopts a two-stage amplification scheme. First, the MCP6004 buffer amplifier is used to respectively perform emitter buffer amplification, mainly to improve the impedance of the input end to achieve impedance matching; The original electrical signal is subjected to 40Hz low-pass filtering; then the ECG signal is effectively coupled to the subsequent amplifying circuit through the AC coupling and high-pass filtering circuit 230, and 0.4Hz high-pass filtering is performed at the same time; The differential signal is amplified in the second stage; then the 50Hz power frequency interference signal is filtered through the 50Hz double T notch filter 250, so that the frequency of the ECG signal is limited to the band-pass frequency band of 0.4-40HZ; and it is amplified and processed by the ADAS1000 special chip , to the processor STM32F103VCT6 for AD sampling; finally, the ECG signal is sent to the mobile phone, PDA or PC with a Bluetooth receiver through the MCU 400 via Bluetooth BT4.0 for real-time display and storage of the ECG signal.
当然，可以理解的是，MCU还可以通过USB进行有线上传，例如，图1中的USB接口的电源引脚与电源管理模块700连接，数据引脚与MCU 400之间通过USB转换器连接，USB接口既可以用于给电源管理模块700充电，又可以用于在MCU 400的控制下上传数据至上位机。Of course, it is understandable that the MCU can also perform wired upload via USB. For example, the power supply pin of the USB interface in FIG. The interface can be used not only for charging the power management module 700 , but also for uploading data to the host computer under the control of the MCU 400 .
本发明用于实现病人日常生活中长时间的心电信号采集和存储，所以系统的低功耗型和电池的续航能力是本装置的核心之一。基于低功耗的实现，本装置采用了以下几点设计：一是，模拟电路设计方面选用超低功耗模拟器件，例如模拟前端预处理模块200中仪表运算放大器240采用TI公司的INA321芯片，缓冲放大电路210选用的是Microchip的MCP6004系列芯片。这两款芯片均是低电压、低功耗精密放大器，采用单电源供电，供电电压范围为1.8～5.5V，且适合于电池供电。且上述两芯片具有优秀的共模抑制比和较小的温度漂移，非常适用于微小的生理信号放大；二是，MCU 400选择低功耗芯片STM32F103VCT6芯片；三是，数据上传时采用低功耗蓝牙BT4.0，另外采用USB接口代替电池实现系统供电；四是，整个装置采用的是3.0V单电源供电可充电锂电池，电池电压范围为3.7～4.2V，电源管理模块700采用了TI的TLV70030线性稳压器来实现固定输出3.0V电压。The present invention is used to realize long-term ECG signal collection and storage in patients' daily life, so the low power consumption of the system and battery life are one of the cores of the device. Based on the realization of low power consumption, the device adopts the following designs: First, the analog circuit design uses ultra-low power analog devices, such as the instrumentation operational amplifier 240 in the analog front-end preprocessing module 200 adopts the INA321 chip of TI Company, The buffer amplifier circuit 210 is the MCP6004 series chips of Microchip. These two chips are low-voltage, low-power precision amplifiers, powered by a single power supply with a supply voltage range of 1.8 to 5.5V, and suitable for battery power. And the above two chips have excellent common mode rejection ratio and small temperature drift, which are very suitable for tiny physiological signal amplification; second, MCU 400 chooses low-power chip STM32F103VCT6 chip; third, adopts low power consumption when uploading data Bluetooth BT4.0, in addition, the USB interface is used instead of the battery to power the system; Fourth, the whole device uses a 3.0V single power supply rechargeable lithium battery, the battery voltage range is 3.7 ~ 4.2V, and the power management module 700 uses TI's TLV70030 linear regulator to achieve a fixed output voltage of 3.0V.
本装置可以对心脏健康状况进行长期的心电监护，辅助医生或用户及早发现心脏缺陷，同时可对心脏患者的治疗进行辅助的检测，从而侧面辅助评判药物的效果。具有便携、无束缚、无扰、低功耗的特点。The device can perform long-term ECG monitoring of heart health, assist doctors or users in early detection of heart defects, and can also assist in the detection of treatment for heart patients, thereby assisting in judging the effect of drugs. It is portable, untethered, non-disturbing, and low power consumption.
综上所述，本发明采用双电极输入检测模式，与传统的带右腿驱动电极的三电极输入模式相比，本双电极通过模拟前端预处理模块等电路改进来提高信噪比的同时，心电信号输入端少了一个消除共模抑制噪声的右腿驱动电极，携带更为自由方便，减小了佩戴本胸带式心电监测装置给用户带来的束缚感；输入接口电路可以对输入电极类型进行识别，进而执行对应的工作模式，在使用镀银金属干电极作为输入电极时，不需要使用电解凝胶或者粘合剂，从而提高了本装置的舒适性和便携性，同时也可通过Agcl湿电极作为心电输入以及通过双手触摸嵌入本硬件系统PCB中的两个镀银金属干电极来进行多种方式的便携测量；而且心电信号不仅可以通过通讯模块在上位机上显示和存储，供医护人员参照，还可以存储到SD卡中，医护人员可通过对SD卡中保存的数据进行离线分析，为医生诊治提供辅助参考。To sum up, the present invention adopts a dual-electrode input detection mode. Compared with the traditional three-electrode input mode with right-leg driving electrodes, this dual-electrode improves the signal-to-noise ratio by improving the circuit such as the analog front-end preprocessing module. The input terminal of the ECG signal lacks a right-leg driving electrode that eliminates common-mode suppression noise, which makes it more free and convenient to carry, and reduces the sense of restraint brought to the user by wearing the chest belt-type ECG monitoring device; the input interface circuit can Identify the type of the input electrode, and then execute the corresponding working mode. When using the silver-plated metal dry electrode as the input electrode, there is no need to use electrolytic gel or adhesive, which improves the comfort and portability of the device, and also improves the comfort and portability of the device. The Agcl wet electrode can be used as the ECG input and the two silver-plated metal dry electrodes embedded in the hardware system PCB can be used for various portable measurements; and the ECG signal can not only be displayed on the host computer through the communication module and Storage, for reference by medical staff, can also be stored in SD card, medical staff can provide auxiliary reference for doctors' diagnosis and treatment by offline analysis of the data saved in SD card.
上面结合附图对本发明的实施例进行了描述，但是本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下，在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，这些均属于本发明的保护之内。Embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementations, and the above-mentioned specific implementations are only illustrative, rather than restrictive. Those of ordinary skill in the art will Under the enlightenment of the present invention, many forms can also be made without departing from the gist of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims, and these all belong to the protection of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610842817.2ACN106344003A (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2016-09-22 | A multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device |
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| CN201610842817.2ACN106344003A (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2016-09-22 | A multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device |
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| CN106344003Atrue CN106344003A (en) | 2017-01-25 |
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| CN201610842817.2APendingCN106344003A (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2016-09-22 | A multifunctional ECG auxiliary monitoring device |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20170125 |