A kind of method using Thermal desorption and microbial technique rehabilitating soilTechnical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation in environmental conservation, particularly relate to a kind of use Thermal desorption andThe method of microbial technique rehabilitating soil.
Background technology
Soil is organic matter, the soil life produced by the mineral of rock decay, animals and plants, microorganism residuum decompositionThing and moisture, air, the composition such as humus of oxidation.Its composition is substantially: air and water respectively accounts for 25%, solid accounts for45%, organic matter accounts for 3%～4%, microorganism accounts for about 1%, and this ratio is once lacked of proper care, and is unhealthy soil.They are mutualIt is associated, conditions each other, provide required goods and materials condition for plant growth.For the formation of soil, the various factors of soil formationHaving property of equal importance and mutual irreplaceability, wherein microorganism plays mastery reaction.It may be said that soil is at certain gasWaiting and under orographic condition, the microorganism species lived act on soil parent material and formed, soil is lived, because healthySoil also exist about 1% beneficial microbe.
The arable land of China causes nutrient to run off in a large number owing to robbing the continuous farming of formula in decades, ploughs and is seriously brokenBad, the excess of chemical pesticide and all kinds of waste pollution, chemical fertilizer is unbalance in addition uses, and causes the sustainable output capacity of soil continuousReduce, arrived and weakened national power, shake state's base, jeopardize the degree of descendants.Count according to domestic nearly 200 soil nutrients detectionAccording to analysis, the whole nation arable soil content of organic matter is on the low side, and the most only 1.8%, nonirrigated farmland is only about 1%, with American-European countriesSoil fertility level differs 1-3 times, over nearly 10 years, and the soil organic matter of cultivated land content continuous decrease in some province, decrease by more than 20%；Plough and all apply fertilizer imbalance, lavishment chemical fertilizer, generally occur that soil degradation, topsoil shoal, tilth is deteriorated, degradation under water holding capacityPhenomenon.Northwest, North China's large area frequently occur sandstorm, with the deterioration of arable land physics and chemistry, crumb structure destruction, desertifying has tenDivide close relationship.
According to World Health Organization's data, 3 months babies can be caused a disease, be produced blue baby's disease by nitrate, and mortality rate is up to8‰；Secondly, nitrate can be converted into nitrite and secondary amine or other amine synthesis nitrosamine in human body, causes digestionGastric cancers.According to agricultural university of China data, year absorbs nitrate 1,000,000 milligram/year people per capita.Strange sick, strange illness in urban and rural residentsAll relevant with this, heavy metal migrates into the human body by food chain, accumulates gradually in human body, causes in the chronic heavy metal of human bodyPoison, causes kidney, liver, pulmonary, skeleton, genitals, immune system, cardiovascular system injury, health is caused poleBig harm.
Along with the development of society with industrialized gradually aggravate, industrial pollution place is gradually increased, in order to ensure ecological ringBorder and the health of human body, in contaminated site, the reparation of contaminated soil has become the problem needing to solve too impatient to wait.The most existingFor having technology, soil restoring technology includes burning, Thermal desorption, Soil leaching, dystopy stabilization technology and biodegradation etc..ItsMiddle China mostly uses incineration technology when processing hazardous waste and contaminated soil, but burns the property directly destroying soil itselfMatter, makes soil lose original function, and energy consumption is higher, easily produces secondary pollution.For comparing incineration technology, Thermal desorptionTechnology receives increasing attention by the pollutant in mode of heating separation soil.But existing soil remediation is pyrolyzedAnalysis technical costs is higher, especially when a large amount of soil are heated by needs, needs substantial amounts of heat.In view of this, the most effectively dropThe hot rehabilitation cost of low stain soil, is those skilled in the art's problems of needing solution badly.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency that the present invention exists to overcome prior art, it is provided that a kind of rehabilitation cost is cheap, repairing effect is preferableUse Thermal desorption and the method for microbial technique rehabilitating soil.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a kind of side using Thermal desorption and microbial technique rehabilitating soilMethod, it comprises the steps:
A, utilize Thermal desorption soil repair system that soil is repaired；Soil repair system includes preheating device and pre-hot chargingPut the heater being connected and the heat reclamation device being connected with heater；
B, initially with preheating device, contaminated soil is preheated, then use heater, after heating the pre-heat treatmentContaminated soil, separates the pollutant in soil, finally uses heat reclamation device to reclaim the heat of the soil being separated pollutantAmount；
C, utilize microbial technique that soil is repaired: by every mu of the soil ground application of organic fertilizers 1 processed through Thermal desorption～1.5 tons, fertilizer rotary cultivator is ploughed under in soil；
D, then on soil watering keep soil moisture 60%～80%, more uniformly spray microbe soil remediation microbial inoculum；
E, after 2 months the most uniformly spray a microbe soil remediation microbial inoculum, i.e. complete soil remediation after 3 months, make to be repairedThe physical and chemical index of soil reaches the soil secondary standard of Chinese soil standard.
Soil remediation microbial inoculum in step d and step e uses the microorganism fungus kind formula mutually not producing antagonism, this formulaIncluding actinomycetes, yeast actinomycetes, bacillus cereus, mycete, photosynthetic bacteria, rhizosphere bacterium and multiple beneficial microorganism and various born of the same parentsOuter enzyme, its flora acts on soil jointly, produces the material phosphoglycan of a kind of glue, by all kinds of molecules in soilBond together, form good crumb structure.
Heater in step a is rotary kiln, and preheating device includes soil preheating channel and for logical to soil preheatingWhat road heated adds hot channel, and soil preheating channel is connected with rotary kiln.Soil repair system in step a also includes Heat transmissionDevice, heat reclamation device is connected with preheating device through heat transfer apparatus, make heat reclamation device as the thermal source of preheating device, i.e.Use heat transfer apparatus that the heat of recovery is used for being contaminated the thermal source of soil the pre-heat treatment.
The present invention utilizes the special microorganism species not producing antagonism jointly to act on soil, produces the thing of a kind of glueMolecules all kinds of in soil are bonded together, form good crumb structure by matter phosphoglycan, be beneficial to water, fertilizer, gas,Naturally the circulation of heat, soil would not harden, desertify.The most substantial amounts of beneficial microorganism frequent activities, from reproduction, procreation toIn death process, moreover it is possible to decompose the pesticide in soil and fertilizer residue；Utilize the mineralization process of heavy metal ion by free stateHeavy metal ion is progressively converted into solidfied material, and by physics settlement action, thus the polluter in successive elimination soil.ToSoil puts into fertilizer, both kept soil moisture content, helped microbial reproduction, enhancing soil remediation strength, moreover it is possible to given back soilThe a large amount of nutrients taken away by product in planting process.This method use heavy metal ion, chemical residue dispel have aobviousWrite the unique microorganisms strain formula of effect, when temperature more than 10 degrees Celsius, general about 35 days heavy metal ion contentsCan reduce by 50%, chemical residue can reduce by 60%.
By soil compaction, desertification, disease is serious, as a example by the green house of vegetables that cannot plant: when temperature more than 10 degrees Celsius,Treated fertilizer 1～1.5 tons are used in every mu of ground, plough under in soil with rotary cultivator；Watering keeps soil moisture 60%～80%, more uniformly spraying special microbe soil remediation microbial inoculum, microbial inoculum consumption determines depending on soil degradation situation；After 60 days againUniformly spraying a microbe soil remediation microbial inoculum, consumption is identical with first time, and after 3 months, soil remediation is basically completed, soilPhysical and chemical index is up to GB15618-1995 secondary standard.Using the soil remediation method that the present invention provides, booth every mu ground is averageComprehensive repair cost about 2000 yuan, is that booth builds the 5%～10% of total cost, the degeneration in open ground soil such as hillside fields, field etc.Situation is generally below booth, and its restorative procedure is developed programs according to the actual degenerate case of soil layer, and rehabilitation cost is relatively low.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is existing carries out Thermal desorption process to soil, and recycling microbial technique is to soilEarth is repaired, and makes soil remediation reach optimum efficiency, and the present invention is that a kind of rehabilitation cost is cheap, repairing effect preferably usesThermal desorption and the method for microbial technique rehabilitating soil.The present invention has given full play to the waste heat of the soil that is heated isolating pollutantEffect, using the heat of waste heat as the thermal source of soil Heat Treatment, effectively reduce the Cost Problems of hot repairing polluted soil；And the soil of the present invention is after discharging, soil having carried out the recycling of heat, therefore the present invention is not only advantageous to soilFast cooling, but also be prone to the quickly stuffing of soil.
Soil remediation method in the present invention contains to reduce heavy metal pollution of soil and the raising soil organism and microorganismAmount is target, makes it produce absorption, sedimentation, oxidoreduction and ion by changing heavy metal physicochemical properties in soilThe series reaction such as exchange, reduce its transportable property in soil environment and biological effectiveness, reduce plant heavy metalAbsorb, reduce heavy metal to ecological environment and the harm of health.The present invention puts into fertilizer in soil, keeps soil moisture in the soilFeelings, help microbial reproduction, enhancing soil remediation strength, give back a large amount of nutrients that soil is taken away by product in planting process.Soil remediation method in the present invention uses the most state-of-the-art microbial technique, utilizes physics and biological method to create favourableIn the Reproduction Conditions of microbial strains, by nature, return, balance in the way of soil is repaired.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
A kind of method using Thermal desorption and microbial technique rehabilitating soil, it comprises the steps: a, utilizes Thermal desorptionSoil is repaired by soil repair system；Soil repair system includes that what preheating device was connected with preheating device adds hot chargingThe heat reclamation device put and be connected with heater；B, initially with preheating device, contaminated soil is preheated, soRear employing heater, the contaminated soil after heating the pre-heat treatment, separate the pollutant in soil, finally use recuperation of heat dressPut back into the heat receiving the soil being separated pollutant；C, utilize microbial technique that soil is repaired: will be through Thermal desorptionEvery mu of the soil ground application of organic fertilizers 1～1.5 tons processed, ploughs under fertilizer rotary cultivator in soil；D, then on soilWatering holding soil moisture is 60%～80%, more uniformly sprays microbe soil remediation microbial inoculum；E, the most uniformly spray after 2 monthsMicrobe soil remediation microbial inoculum, i.e. completes soil remediation after 3 months, make the physical and chemical index being repaired soil reach middle territoryThe soil secondary standard of earth standard.
Soil remediation microbial inoculum in step d and step e uses the microorganism fungus kind formula mutually not producing antagonism, this formulaIncluding actinomycetes, yeast actinomycetes, bacillus cereus, mycete, photosynthetic bacteria, rhizosphere bacterium and multiple beneficial microorganism and various born of the same parentsOuter enzyme, its flora acts on soil jointly, produces the material phosphoglycan of a kind of glue, by all kinds of molecules in soilBond together, form good crumb structure.Heater in step a is rotary kiln, and preheating device includes that soil preheatsPassage and for soil preheating channel heating is added hot channel, soil preheating channel is connected with rotary kiln.Soil in step aEarth repair system also includes heat transfer apparatus, and heat reclamation device is connected with preheating device through heat transfer apparatus, makes recuperation of heat fillPut the thermal source as preheating device, use heat transfer apparatus that the heat of recovery is used for being contaminated the thermal source of soil the pre-heat treatment.
Last it should be noted that, above content is only in order to illustrate technical scheme, rather than the present invention is protectedThe restriction of scope, simple modification that technical scheme is carried out by those of ordinary skill in the art or equivalent,Spirit and scope all without departing from technical solution of the present invention.