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CN106304872A - Pneumatic conveying type non-tillage sub-soiling fertilization sowing machine - Google Patents

Pneumatic conveying type non-tillage sub-soiling fertilization sowing machine
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Publication number
CN106304872A
CN106304872ACN201610717900.7ACN201610717900ACN106304872ACN 106304872 ACN106304872 ACN 106304872ACN 201610717900 ACN201610717900 ACN 201610717900ACN 106304872 ACN106304872 ACN 106304872A
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seed
fertilizer
frame
sprocket
ventilation channel
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CN106304872B (en
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耿端阳
何珂
杜瑞成
刁培松
杨善东
李玉环
姜萌
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Shandong University of Technology
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Shandong University of Technology
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Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明提供一种气力输送式免耕深松施肥播种机,特征是:沿行进方向,苗带清理器安装在机架侧板前端内侧的下方,镇压轮位于机架的后下方,覆土器采用搅龙,位于镇压轮的前端并与镇压轮传动连接,开沟施肥器和布种器均安装在机架上,位于苗带清理器和覆土器之间;料箱由隔板分为种室和肥室,在种室和肥室内位于隔板的两侧均设一侧板,构成种子通风道和肥料通风道,排肥器和排种器对应位于肥料通风道和种子通风道的底部;风机的输入端经增速器与主变速箱传动连接,风机出口与种子通风道和肥料通风道连通,导种管的两端分别与种子通风道和种子沉降器,导肥管的两端分别与肥料通风道和肥料沉降器连通。本发明播种施肥精确,防拥堵,工作性能优良。

The invention provides a pneumatically conveyed no-tillage subsoiling and fertilizing seeder, which is characterized in that: along the traveling direction, the seedling belt cleaner is installed under the inner side of the front end of the frame side plate; The auger is located at the front end of the suppression wheel and is connected with the transmission of the suppression wheel. The ditching fertilizer applicator and the seed distributor are installed on the frame, between the seedling belt cleaner and the soil cover device; the material box is divided into a seed chamber and a In the fertilizer room, side panels are arranged on both sides of the partition in the seed room and the fertilizer room to form the seed ventilation channel and the fertilizer ventilation channel. The fertilizer discharger and the seed metering device are located at the bottom of the fertilizer ventilation channel and the seed ventilation channel; The input end of the fan is connected to the main gearbox through the speed increaser, the outlet of the fan is connected to the seed ventilation channel and the fertilizer ventilation channel, the two ends of the seed guide pipe are respectively connected to the seed ventilation channel and the seed settler, and the two ends of the fertilizer guide tube are respectively connected to the The fertilizer ventilation channel is communicated with the fertilizer settler. The invention has the advantages of accurate sowing and fertilization, anti-congestion and excellent working performance.

Description

Translated fromChinese
气力输送式免耕深松施肥播种机Pneumatic conveying no-till subsoiling fertilization seeder

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种气力输送式免耕深松播种机,属于农业机械技术领域。The invention relates to a pneumatic conveying type no-till subsoiling seeder, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

背景技术Background technique

小麦作为中国第二大粮食作物,对保障国家粮食安全、改善生活质量具有重要的意义。目前采用的小麦播种机多为机械式排种或者气力式排种的方式,如中国发明专利公布的一种小麦旋耕施肥播种机(201210198434.8),可以实现先施肥、再旋耕、后播种覆土和镇压功能,但是由于其采用全幅灭茬不仅影响了保护性耕作效果,而且破坏了土壤生态环境,加之采用先施肥后旋耕,严重影响肥效的发挥;且其导种管必须呈直线状保证种子的顺畅落入开沟器开好的种床上,否则会影响种子的播种精度;再如中国发明专利公布的气力式免耕播种机(200810110084.9),可以实现田间破茬、开沟、播种、覆土、镇压、铺平联合作业,其排种采用了集排式中央排种结构,实现了种子的远距离输送,但是该机存在种子条播、弹齿覆土不稳定、气流分种精度不够等问题。As China's second largest food crop, wheat is of great significance to ensuring national food security and improving the quality of life. Most of the currently used wheat seeders are mechanical seeding or pneumatic seeding, such as a wheat rotary tillage and fertilization seeder (201210198434.8) published by the Chinese invention patent, which can realize fertilization first, then rotary tillage, and then sow and cover soil However, the use of full-scale stubble removal not only affects the effect of conservation tillage, but also destroys the soil ecological environment. In addition, the use of fertilization first and then rotary tillage seriously affects the performance of fertilizer efficiency; and the seed introduction tube must be straight to ensure that the seeds Otherwise, it will affect the sowing accuracy of the seeds; another example is the pneumatic no-tillage seeder (200810110084.9) published by the Chinese invention patent, which can realize stubble breaking, ditching, sowing, and soil covering in the field. Combined operations of , suppression and paving, the seeding adopts a centralized central seeding structure, which realizes the long-distance transportation of seeds. However, the machine has problems such as seed drill seeding, unstable spring tine covering soil, and insufficient airflow sorting accuracy.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明目的是提供一种前部苗带清理,中部深松施肥,紧跟气力输送播种、搅龙覆土和镇压的气力输送式免耕深松播种机。其技术方案为:The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic conveying no-tillage subsoiling seeder which cleans the seedling strips in the front, subsoils and fertilizes in the middle, followed by pneumatic conveying sowing, auger covering soil and suppression. Its technical solution is:

一种气力输送式免耕深松施肥播种机,包括机架、机架侧板、安装在机架上的主变速箱、经限深轮支架安装在机架前端的限深轮、苗带清理器、开沟施肥器、布种器、主链轮、中间链轮、动力输入链轮、排肥变速箱、排种变速箱、料箱、覆土器和镇压轮,其特征在于:沿行进方向,苗带清理器安装在机架侧板前端内侧的下方,包括刀轴和按照两条螺旋线排布的一组长直刀及一组短直刀,刀轴两端经刀轴轴承座安装在相向的两块机架侧板上,刀轴中部与主变速箱的输出端传动连接;镇压轮位于机架的后下方,经镇压轮轴承座安装在镇压轮支架的后端,镇压轮支架前端与机架铰接,镇压轮限位架水平固定安装在机架的后端、且位于镇压轮支架的上方,限位轴的上端与镇压轮限位架远离机架的一端固定连接,限位轴的下端与镇压轮支架靠近后端的上部固定连接;覆土器采用搅龙,搅龙叶片采用旋向相反的两片叶片,覆土器位于镇压轮的前端并与镇压轮传动连接,覆土器两端经搅龙轴承座安装在螺母螺杆调节机构上,螺母螺杆调节机构的外壁固定在机架侧板的内壁上;开沟施肥器和布种器均安装在机架上,位于苗带清理器和覆土器之间;料箱由隔板分为种室和肥室,在种室和肥室内位于隔板的两侧均设一侧板,两侧板和隔板分别与种室内壁及肥室内壁构成种子通风道和肥料通风道,排肥器位于肥料通风道的底部,排种器位于种子通风道的底部;风机安装在机架上,风机的动力输入端经增速器与主变速箱的输出端传动连接,风机出口与种子通风道和肥料通风道连通,导种管的上端与种子通风道底部连通,下端经种子沉降器与布种器连通,导肥管的上端与肥料通风道底部连通,下端经肥料沉降器与开沟器连通。A pneumatic conveying type no-till subsoiling and fertilizing seeder, including a frame, a side plate of the frame, a main gearbox installed on the frame, a depth-limiting wheel installed at the front end of the frame through a depth-limiting wheel bracket, and a seedling belt cleaning device, ditching fertilizer applicator, seed distributor, main sprocket, intermediate sprocket, power input sprocket, fertilizer discharge gearbox, seed discharge gearbox, material box, soil cover and pressure wheel, characterized in that: along the direction of travel The seedling belt cleaner is installed under the inner side of the front end of the side plate of the frame, including the cutter shaft and a set of long straight knives and a set of short straight knives arranged in two helical lines. The two ends of the cutter shaft are installed through the cutter shaft bearing seat On the two opposite frame side plates, the middle part of the cutter shaft is connected to the output end of the main gearbox; the pressure wheel is located at the rear and lower part of the frame, and is installed on the rear end of the pressure wheel bracket through the pressure wheel bearing seat, and the pressure wheel bracket The front end is hinged with the frame, and the pressure wheel limit frame is fixed and installed horizontally on the rear end of the frame and above the pressure wheel bracket. The upper end of the limit shaft is fixedly connected with the end of the pressure wheel limit frame away from the frame, and The lower end of the shaft is fixedly connected with the upper part of the suppressing wheel bracket near the rear end; the soil covering device adopts an auger, and the blades of the auger adopt two blades with opposite rotation directions. The auger bearing seat is installed on the nut screw adjustment mechanism, and the outer wall of the nut screw adjustment mechanism is fixed on the inner wall of the side plate of the frame; the ditch fertilizer applicator and seed distributor are installed on the frame, located between the seedling belt cleaner and the covering soil Between the containers; the material box is divided into a seed chamber and a fertilizer chamber by a partition. A side plate is arranged on both sides of the partition in the seed chamber and the fertilizer chamber. Constitute the seed ventilation channel and the fertilizer ventilation channel. The fertilizer discharger is located at the bottom of the fertilizer ventilation channel, and the seed metering device is located at the bottom of the seed ventilation channel; The output end is connected by transmission, the outlet of the fan is connected with the seed ventilation channel and the fertilizer ventilation channel, the upper end of the seed guide pipe is connected with the bottom of the seed ventilation channel, the lower end is connected with the seed distributor through the seed settler, and the upper end of the fertilizer guide tube is connected with the bottom of the fertilizer ventilation channel Connected, the lower end communicates with the ditch opener through the fertilizer settler.

所述的气力输送式免耕深松施肥播种机,导种管有1~12根,导肥管有1~12根,导种管、导肥管、布种器和开沟施肥器的数量相等。The pneumatic conveying type no-tillage deep pine fertilization seeder has 1 to 12 seed guide pipes, 1 to 12 fertilizer guide pipes, and the number of seed guide pipes, fertilizer guide pipes, seed distributors and ditching fertilizer applicators equal.

所述的气力输送式免耕深松施肥播种机,主链轮与限深轮同轴固定连接,中间链轮分别与主链轮和动力输入链轮传动连接,动力输入链轮分别与排肥变速箱输入链轮和排种变速箱输入链轮传动连接,排肥变速箱输出链轮和排种变速箱输出链轮对应与排肥器输入链轮和排种器输入链轮传动连接。In the pneumatic conveying type no-till subsoiling and fertilizing seeder, the main sprocket is coaxially fixedly connected to the depth-limiting wheel, the intermediate sprocket is respectively connected to the main sprocket and the power input sprocket, and the power input sprocket is connected to the fertilizer discharge sprocket respectively. The gearbox input sprocket is connected to the input sprocket of the seed metering gearbox, and the output sprocket of the fertilizer row gearbox and the output sprocket of the seed metering gearbox are correspondingly connected to the input sprocket of the fertilizer discharger and the input sprocket of the seed metering device.

所述的气力输送式免耕深松施肥播种机,布种器截面呈燕尾槽形状,肥料沉降器与种子沉降器均采用旋风分离器,刮土板经刮土板臂与镇压轮支架的后端固定连接。In the pneumatic conveying type no-tillage subsoiling fertilization seeder, the cross-section of the seed distributor is in the shape of a dovetail groove. End fixed connection.

所述的气力输送式免耕深松施肥播种机,增速器的输入端与主变速箱的输出端键连接,增速器的输出端与风机的输入端带传动连接。In the pneumatic conveying type no-till subsoiling, fertilizing and seeding machine, the input end of the speed increaser is key-connected to the output end of the main gearbox, and the output end of the speed increaser is connected with the input end of the fan with a belt drive.

所述的气力输送式免耕深松施肥播种机,限位轴的上端间隙穿过镇压轮限位架,由螺母固定连接,限位轴的下端与镇压轮支架的上端固定连接。In the pneumatic conveying type no-till subsoiling and fertilizing seeder, the upper end of the limiting shaft passes through the spacer of the pressing wheel and is fixedly connected by a nut, and the lower end of the limiting shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pressing wheel bracket.

其工作原理为:拖拉机动力输出轴动力经主变速箱带动刀轴旋转,实现苗带的杂物切碎和灭茬免耕功能。限深轮随着机器的前进,将动力传给中间链轮,由中间链轮再将动力经动力输入链轮传至排肥变速箱输入链轮和排种变速箱输入链轮,排肥变速箱输出链轮和排种变速箱输出链轮将动力对应传输给排肥器输入链轮和排种器输入链轮,排肥器输出肥料,排种器输出种子。主变速箱上的另一路动力传给增速器,由增速器通过带传动系统将动力传给风机,风机的气流将排种器排出的种子、排肥器排出的肥料送往导种管和导肥管,其中种子经过种子沉降器落入布种器,使种子成带状落入布种器所滑出的种床上;而肥料经过肥料沉降器落入开沟施肥器内,最后落入开沟器所开出的沟内。随后由覆土器从机架两侧向中间进行覆土,通过调节杆的旋转可以调整搅龙调节内方管高度,进而调节搅龙高度;最后,由位于播种机后部的镇压轮进行镇压,保证种、肥与耕层土壤的良好接触。Its working principle is: the power of the tractor power output shaft drives the cutter shaft to rotate through the main gearbox, so as to realize the functions of chopping sundries in the seedling belt and removing stubble and no-tillage. As the machine advances, the depth-limiting wheel transmits the power to the intermediate sprocket, and the intermediate sprocket transmits the power to the input sprocket of the fertilizer discharge gearbox and the input sprocket of the seed discharge gearbox through the power input sprocket, and the fertilizer discharge speed is changed. The output sprocket of the box and the output sprocket of the seed metering gearbox transmit power correspondingly to the input sprocket of the fertilizer discharger and the input sprocket of the seed metering device. The fertilizer discharger outputs fertilizer, and the seed metering device outputs seeds. The other power on the main gearbox is transmitted to the speed increaser, and the speed increaser transmits the power to the fan through the belt transmission system, and the airflow of the fan sends the seeds discharged from the seed meter and the fertilizer discharged from the fertilizer discharger to the seed pipe And the fertilizer guide pipe, in which the seeds fall into the seed distributor through the seed settler, so that the seeds fall into the seed bed that the seed distributor slides out in strips; while the fertilizer falls into the ditching fertilizer applicator through the fertilizer settler, and finally falls into the ditch made by the opener. Then, the soil covering device is used to cover the soil from both sides of the frame to the middle, and the auger can be adjusted to adjust the height of the inner square tube through the rotation of the adjustment lever, and then the height of the auger can be adjusted; finally, the pressing wheel at the rear of the planter is used to suppress the soil to ensure Good contact between seed, manure and plow layer soil.

本发明与现有技术相比,其优点是:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of:

(1)本发明的苗带清理器在机器前方,可以清理开沟施肥器前方的杂物,并对其土壤进行破碎,不仅防止开沟施肥器的拥堵,而且可以起到免耕状态下的播种行碎土。(1) The seedling belt cleaner of the present invention is in front of the machine, can clean up the debris in front of the ditching fertilizer applicator, and crush the soil, not only prevents the congestion of the ditching fertilizer applicator, but also can play a role in the no-tillage state. Sowing rows crushed soil.

(2)机械式排肥器、排种器排出精量的种肥后,由风机吹出的风力输送,实现了种、肥的远距离准确输送,保证种、肥的均匀施播。(2) After the mechanical fertilizer discharger and seed metering device discharge the precise amount of seed fertilizer, it is transported by the wind blown by the fan, which realizes the long-distance and accurate transportation of seed and fertilizer, and ensures the uniform application of seed and fertilizer.

(3)覆土器采用搅龙,旋向相反的搅龙叶片可以实现从两侧向中间覆土,螺母螺杆调节机构实现搅龙高度的调节,从而保证施肥、播种的深度要求。(3) The soil covering device adopts the auger, and the auger blades with opposite directions can cover the soil from both sides to the middle, and the nut screw adjustment mechanism realizes the adjustment of the height of the auger, so as to ensure the depth requirements of fertilization and sowing.

(4)镇压轮支架与机架铰接,使得在行进过程中镇压轮可以随地表起伏,减少了行进过程的阻力,同时镇压轮限位架的存在也保证了镇压的力度要求。(4) The support of the suppressing wheel is hinged with the frame, so that the suppressing wheel can undulate with the ground surface during the traveling process, reducing the resistance in the traveling process, and the existence of the suppressing wheel limit frame also ensures the intensity requirement of suppressing.

(5)整个装置有限深轮支撑,便于运输和位置的调整。(5) The whole device is supported by limited deep wheels, which is convenient for transportation and position adjustment.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明实施例的主视图;Fig. 1 is the front view of the embodiment of the present invention;

图2是图1所示实施例的侧视图。FIG. 2 is a side view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 .

图中:1、机架 2、机架侧板 3、主变速箱 4、限深轮支架 5、限深轮 6、开沟施肥器7、布种器 8、主链轮 9、中间链轮 10、动力输入链轮 11、排肥变速箱 12、排种变速箱 13、覆土器 14、镇压轮 15、刀轴 16、长直刀 17、短直刀 18、刀轴轴承座 19、镇压轮轴承座20、镇压轮支架 21、镇压轮限位架 22、限位轴 23、搅龙轮轴承座 24、螺母螺杆调节机构25、隔板 26、种室 27、肥室 28、侧板 29、排肥器 30、排种器 31、风机 32、增速器 33、导种管 34、种子沉降器 35、导肥管 36、肥料沉降器 37、排肥变速箱输入链轮 38、排种变速箱输入链轮 39、排肥变速箱输出链轮 40、排种变速箱输出链轮 41、排肥器输入链轮 42、排种器输入链轮 43、刮土板 44、刮土板臂 45、螺母 46、悬挂架 47、料箱支撑架In the figure: 1, frame 2, frame side plate 3, main gearbox 4, depth-limiting wheel bracket 5, depth-limiting wheel 6, ditching fertilizer applicator 7, seed distributor 8, main sprocket 9, middle sprocket 10. Power input sprocket 11, fertilizer discharge gearbox 12, seed discharge gearbox 13, soil covering device 14, pressing wheel 15, knife shaft 16, long straight knife 17, short straight knife 18, knife shaft bearing seat 19, pressing wheel Bearing seat 20, suppression wheel support 21, suppression wheel limit frame 22, limit shaft 23, auger wheel bearing seat 24, nut screw adjustment mechanism 25, partition plate 26, seed chamber 27, fertilizer chamber 28, side plate 29, Fertilizer discharger 30, seed metering device 31, fan 32, speed increaser 33, seed guide pipe 34, seed settler 35, fertilizer guide pipe 36, fertilizer settler 37, fertilizer discharge gearbox input sprocket 38, seed discharge speed change Box input sprocket 39, fertilizer discharge gearbox output sprocket 40, seed discharge gearbox output sprocket 41, fertilizer discharge device input sprocket 42, seed metering device input sprocket 43, moldboard 44, moldboard arm 45 , nut 46, suspension frame 47, feed box support frame

具体实施方式detailed description

在图1-2所示的实例中,主变速箱3安装在机架1上。沿行进方向:In the example shown in FIGS. 1-2 , the main gearbox 3 is installed on the frame 1 . In the direction of travel:

限深轮5经限深轮支架4安装在机架1的前端。Depth gauge wheel 5 is installed on the front end of frame 1 through depth gauge wheel support 4.

苗带清理器安装在机架侧板2前端内侧的下方,包括刀轴15和按照两条螺旋线排布的一组长直刀16及一组短直刀17,刀轴15两端经刀轴轴承座18安装在相向的两块机架侧板2 上,刀轴15中部与主变速箱3的输出端传动连接。Seedling belt cleaner is installed on the bottom of frame side plate 2 front end inner sides, comprises cutter shaft 15 and a group of long straight knives 16 and a group of short straight knives 17 arranged according to two helical lines, and cutter shaft 15 two ends pass through the knife Shaft bearing blocks 18 are installed on two opposite frame side plates 2, and the output end of the cutter shaft 15 middle part is connected with the transmission of the main gearbox 3.

镇压轮14位于机架1的后下方,经镇压轮轴承座19安装在镇压轮支架20的后端,镇压轮支架20前端与机架1铰接,镇压轮限位架21水平固定安装在机架1的后端、且位于镇压轮支架20的上方,限位轴22的上端间隙穿过镇压轮限位架21远离机架1的一端,由螺母45固定连接,限位轴22的下端与镇压轮支架20靠近后端的上部固定连接。The suppression wheel 14 is located at the rear and lower part of the frame 1, and is mounted on the rear end of the suppression wheel support 20 through the suppression wheel bearing seat 19. The front end of the suppression wheel support 20 is hinged with the frame 1, and the suppression wheel limit frame 21 is horizontally fixed and installed on the frame. 1, and is located above the suppressing wheel bracket 20, the upper end gap of the limiting shaft 22 passes through the end of the suppressing wheel limiting frame 21 away from the frame 1, and is fixedly connected by a nut 45, the lower end of the limiting shaft 22 is connected to the suppressing The upper part of the wheel support 20 near the rear end is fixedly connected.

覆土器13采用搅龙,搅龙叶片采用旋向相反的两片叶片,覆土器13位于镇压轮14的前端并与镇压轮14传动连接,覆土器13两端经搅龙轴承座23安装在螺母螺杆调节机构24上,螺母螺杆调节机构24的外壁固定在机架侧板2的内壁上。The soil covering device 13 adopts an auger, and the blades of the auger adopt two blades with opposite rotation directions. The soil covering device 13 is located at the front end of the pressing wheel 14 and is connected to the pressing wheel 14 by transmission. On the screw adjusting mechanism 24 , the outer wall of the nut screw adjusting mechanism 24 is fixed on the inner wall of the frame side plate 2 .

料箱由隔板25分为种室26和肥室27,在种室26和肥室27内位于隔板25的两侧均设一侧板28,两侧板28和隔板25分别与种室26内壁及肥室27内壁构成种子通风道和肥料通风道,排肥器29位于肥料通风道的底部,排种器30位于种子通风道的底部。Feed box is divided into seed chamber 26 and fertilizer chamber 27 by dividing plate 25, is positioned at the both sides of dividing plate 25 in seeding chamber 26 and fertilizer chamber 27 and all establishes side plate 28, and both side plates 28 and dividing plate 25 are connected with seed respectively. The inner wall of the chamber 26 and the inner wall of the fertilizer chamber 27 form a seed ventilation channel and a fertilizer ventilation channel. The fertilizer discharge device 29 is located at the bottom of the fertilizer ventilation channel, and the seed metering device 30 is located at the bottom of the seed ventilation channel.

开沟施肥器6和布种器7各为4个,均安装在机架1上,位于苗带清理器和覆土器13之间,布种器7截面呈燕尾槽形状。Ditching and fertilizing device 6 and seed distributing device 7 are respectively 4, all installed on the frame 1, between the seedling belt clearer and the soil covering device 13, and the seed distributing device 7 cross-sections are in the shape of a dovetail groove.

风机31安装在机架1上,增速器32的输入端与主变速箱3的输出端键连接,增速器32的输出端与风机31的动力输入端带传动连接,风机31出口与种子通风道和肥料通风道连通,导种管33和导肥管35均为4根,导种管33的上端与种子通风道底部连通,下端经种子沉降器34与布种器7连通,导肥管35的上端与肥料通风道底部连通,下端经肥料沉降器36与开沟器施肥器6连通;肥料沉降器36与种子沉降器34均采用旋风分离器。The blower fan 31 is installed on the frame 1, the input end of the speed increaser 32 is connected with the output end key of the main gearbox 3, the output end of the speed increaser 32 is connected with the power input end of the blower fan 31, and the outlet of the blower fan 31 is connected with the seed Ventilation channel and fertilizer ventilation channel are communicated, and seed introduction pipe 33 and fertilizer guide pipe 35 are 4, and the upper end of seed introduction pipe 33 is communicated with the bottom of seed air passage, and the lower end is communicated with seed distributor 7 through seed settler 34, and fertilizer guide The upper end of the pipe 35 is communicated with the bottom of the fertilizer ventilation channel, and the lower end is communicated with the ditch opener fertilizer 6 through the fertilizer settler 36; the fertilizer settler 36 and the seed settler 34 all adopt cyclone separators.

主链轮8与限深轮5同轴固定连接,中间链轮9分别与主链轮8和动力输入链轮10传动连接,动力输入链轮10分别与排肥变速箱输入链轮37和排种变速箱输入链轮38传动连接,排肥变速箱输出链轮39和排种变速箱输出链轮39对应与排肥器输入链轮41和排种器输入链轮42传动连接。The main sprocket 8 is coaxially fixedly connected with the depth-gauge wheel 5, the intermediate sprocket 9 is respectively connected with the main sprocket 8 and the power input sprocket 10, and the power input sprocket 10 is respectively connected with the input sprocket 37 of the fertilizer discharge gearbox and the row Seed gearbox input sprocket 38 transmission connections, fertilizer discharge gearbox output sprocket 39 and seed discharge gearbox output sprocket 39 are correspondingly connected with fertilizer discharge device input sprocket 41 and seed meter input sprocket 42 transmission.

刮土板43经刮土板臂44与镇压轮支架20的后端固定连接。The scraper 43 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the pressing wheel bracket 20 via the scraper arm 44 .

Claims (8)

Translated fromChinese
1.一种气力输送式免耕深松施肥播种机,包括机架(1)、机架侧板(2)、安装在机架(1)上的主变速箱(3)、经限深轮支架(4)安装在机架(1)前端的限深轮(5)、苗带清理器、开沟施肥器(6)、布种器(7)、主链轮(8)、中间链轮(9)、动力输入链轮(10)、排肥变速箱(11)、排种变速箱(12)、料箱、覆土器(13)和镇压轮(14),其特征在于:沿行进方向,苗带清理器安装在机架侧板(2)前端内侧的下方,包括刀轴(15)和按照两条螺旋线排布的一组长直刀(16)及一组短直刀(17),刀轴(15)两端经刀轴轴承座(18)安装在相向的两块机架侧板(2)上,刀轴(15)中部与主变速箱(3)的输出端传动连接;镇压轮(14)位于机架(1)的后下方,经镇压轮轴承座(19)安装在镇压轮支架(20)的后端,镇压轮支架(20)前端与机架(1)铰接,镇压轮限位架(21)水平固定安装在机架(1)的后端、且位于镇压轮支架(20)的上方,限位轴(22)的上端与镇压轮限位架(21)远离机架(1)的一端固定连接,限位轴(22)的下端与镇压轮支架(20)靠近后端的上部固定连接;覆土器(13)采用搅龙,搅龙叶片采用旋向相反的两片叶片,覆土器(13)位于镇压轮(14)的前端并与镇压轮(14)传动连接,覆土器(13)两端经搅龙轴承座(23)安装在螺母螺杆调节机构(24)上,螺母螺杆调节机构(24)的外壁固定在机架侧板(2)的内壁上;开沟施肥器(6)和布种器(7)均安装在机架(1)上,位于苗带清理器和覆土器(13)之间;料箱由隔板(25)分为种室(26)和肥室(27),在种室(26)和肥室(27)内位于隔板(25)的两侧均设一侧板(28),两侧板(28)和隔板(25)分别与种室(26)内壁及肥室(27)内壁构成种子通风道和肥料通风道,排肥器(29)位于肥料通风道的底部,排种器(30)位于种子通风道的底部;风机(31)安装在机架(1)上,风机(31)的动力输入端经增速器(32)与主变速箱(3)的输出端传动连接,风机(31)出口与种子通风道和肥料通风道连通,导种管(33)的上端与种子通风道底部连通,下端经种子沉降器(34)与布种器(7)连通,导肥管(35)的上端与肥料通风道底部连通,下端经肥料沉降器(36)与开沟器施肥器(6)连通。1. A pneumatically conveyed no-till subsoiling and fertilizing seeder, comprising a frame (1), a frame side plate (2), a main gearbox (3) installed on the frame (1), and a depth-limiting wheel The bracket (4) is installed on the depth-gauge wheel (5), the seedling belt cleaner, the ditching fertilizer applicator (6), the seed distributor (7), the main sprocket (8), and the middle sprocket installed at the front end of the frame (1) (9), power input sprocket (10), fertilizer discharge gearbox (11), seed discharge gearbox (12), material box, soil covering device (13) and suppression wheel (14), it is characterized in that: along the direction of travel , the seedling belt cleaner is installed on the bottom of the front inboard of the frame side plate (2), including a knife shaft (15) and a group of long straight knives (16) and a group of short straight knives (17) arranged according to two helical lines ), the two ends of the cutter shaft (15) are installed on the two opposite frame side plates (2) through the cutter shaft bearing housing (18), and the middle part of the cutter shaft (15) is connected with the output end of the main gearbox (3) The suppression wheel (14) is located at the rear and lower part of the frame (1), and is installed on the rear end of the suppression wheel support (20) through the suppression wheel bearing seat (19), and the front end of the suppression wheel support (20) is hinged with the frame (1) , the suppression wheel limit frame (21) is horizontally fixedly installed on the rear end of the frame (1), and is positioned above the suppression wheel support (20), and the upper end of the limit shaft (22) is connected with the suppression wheel limit frame (21) The end far away from the frame (1) is fixedly connected, and the lower end of the limit shaft (22) is fixedly connected with the upper part of the pressing wheel bracket (20) near the rear end; Two blades, the soil covering device (13) is located at the front end of the suppressing wheel (14) and is connected with the transmission of the suppressing wheel (14), and the two ends of the soil covering device (13) are installed on the nut screw adjusting mechanism (24 ), the outer wall of the nut screw adjustment mechanism (24) is fixed on the inner wall of the frame side plate (2); the ditching fertilizer applicator (6) and the seed distributor (7) are both installed on the frame (1), located at the Between the belt cleaner and the cover device (13); the material box is divided into a seed chamber (26) and a fertilizer chamber (27) by a partition (25), and the partition is located in the seed chamber (26) and the fertilizer chamber (27). Both sides of (25) are all provided with side plate (28), and both side plates (28) and dividing plate (25) form seed ventilation channel and fertilizer ventilation channel with seed chamber (26) inwall and fertilizer chamber (27) inwall respectively , the fertilizer discharger (29) is positioned at the bottom of the fertilizer ventilation channel, and the seed metering device (30) is positioned at the bottom of the seed ventilation channel; the fan (31) is installed on the frame (1), and the power input end of the fan (31) is increased The speed device (32) is connected with the output end of the main gearbox (3), the outlet of the blower fan (31) is communicated with the seed ventilation duct and the fertilizer ventilation duct, the upper end of the seed introduction pipe (33) is communicated with the bottom of the seed ventilation duct, and the lower end is connected to the bottom of the seed ventilation duct. The seed settler (34) is communicated with the seed distributor (7), and the upper end of the fertilizer guide pipe (35) is communicated with the bottom of the fertilizer ventilation channel, and the lower end is communicated with the ditch opener fertilizer (6) through the fertilizer settler (36).2.根据权利要求1所述的气力输送式免耕深松施肥播种机,其特征在于:导种管(33)有1~12根,导肥管(35)有1~12根,导种管(33)、导肥管(35)、布种器(7)和开沟施肥器(6)的数量相等。2. The pneumatic conveying type no-tillage deep pine fertilization seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: there are 1 to 12 seed guide pipes (33), 1 to 12 fertilizer guide pipes (35), and 1 to 12 seed guide pipes (35). The quantity of pipe (33), fertilizer guide pipe (35), seed distributor (7) and ditching fertilizer applicator (6) is equal.3.根据权利要求1所述的气力输送式免耕深松施肥播种机,其特征在于:主链轮(8)与限深轮(5)同轴固定连接,中间链轮(9)分别与主链轮(8)和动力输入链轮(10)传动连接,动力输入链轮(10)分别与排肥变速箱输入链轮(37)和排种变速箱输入链轮(38)传动连接,排肥变速箱输出链轮(39)和排种变速箱输出链轮(39)对应与排肥器输入链轮(41)和排种器输入链轮(42)传动连接。3. The pneumatic conveying type no-tillage subsoiling and fertilizing seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main sprocket (8) is coaxially fixedly connected with the depth-limiting wheel (5), and the intermediate sprocket (9) is respectively connected to the The main sprocket (8) is connected in transmission with the power input sprocket (10), and the power input sprocket (10) is respectively connected with the input sprocket (37) of the fertilizer discharge gearbox and the input sprocket (38) of the seed row gearbox. The fertilizer discharge gearbox output sprocket (39) and the seed metering gearbox output sprocket (39) are correspondingly connected with the fertilizer discharger input sprocket (41) and the seed metering device input sprocket (42).4.根据权利要求1所述的气力输送式免耕深松施肥播种机,其特征在于:布种器(7)截面呈燕尾槽形状。4. The pneumatically conveyed no-tillage subsoiling fertilization and seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the seed distributor (7) is in the shape of a dovetail groove.5.根据权利要求1所述的气力输送式免耕深松施肥播种机,其特征在于:肥料沉降器(36)与种子沉降器(34)均采用旋风分离器。5. The pneumatic conveying type no-tillage subsoiling fertilization seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fertilizer settler (36) and the seed settler (34) both adopt cyclone separators.6.根据权利要求1所述的气力输送式免耕深松施肥播种机,其特征在于:刮土板(43)经刮土板臂(44)与镇压轮支架(20)的后端固定连接。6. The pneumatic conveying type no-tillage subsoiling fertilization seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the scraper (43) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the pressing wheel bracket (20) via the scraper arm (44) .7.根据权利要求1所述的气力输送式免耕深松施肥播种机,其特征在于:增速器(32)的输入端与主变速箱(3)的输出端键连接,增速器(32)的输出端与风机(31)的输入端带传动连接。7. The pneumatic conveying type no-tillage subsoiling fertilization seeder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the input end of the speed increaser (32) is connected with the output end key of the main gearbox (3), and the speed increaser ( The output end of 32) is connected with the input end belt drive of blower fan (31).8.根据权利要求1所述的气力输送式免耕深松施肥播种机,其特征在于:限位轴(22)的上端间隙穿过镇压轮限位架(21),由螺母(45)固定连接,限位轴(22)的下端与镇压轮支架(20)的上端固定连接。8. The pneumatic conveying type no-till subsoiling fertilization seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end gap of the limit shaft (22) passes through the pressure wheel limit frame (21), and is fixed by a nut (45) Connect, the lower end of the spacer shaft (22) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the pressing wheel support (20).
CN201610717900.7A2016-08-252016-08-25Pneumatic conveying type is no-tillage subsoiling combined seed and fertilizer drillExpired - Fee RelatedCN106304872B (en)

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CN114710999A (en)*2022-05-112022-07-08华中农业大学 A wide-width rice flat field direct seeding and fertilization integrated machine
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CN112243622A (en)*2020-11-242021-01-22内蒙古上库力农场Integrated machine for plowing, deeply fertilizing beet strips
CN114710999A (en)*2022-05-112022-07-08华中农业大学 A wide-width rice flat field direct seeding and fertilization integrated machine
CN116097947A (en)*2022-12-062023-05-12昆明理工大学 An injection type no-tillage seeder

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