Non-impact self-adaptive trigger ignition device utilizing laminar plasma systemTechnical Field
the invention relates to an ignition device, in particular to a non-impact self-adaptive trigger ignition device utilizing a laminar plasma system, and belongs to the technical field of ignition equipment.
Background
Ignition devices are required to reliably ignite a flame in many applications such as boilers, burners, industrial furnaces, flares, gas diffusion systems, and the like. The existing ignition device mainly adopts electric ignition, and utilizes high-voltage electric ignition, arc ignition, electric incandescence and other modes to ignite flame. The ignition device mainly comprises an electric ignition part and other auxiliary parts, wherein the electric ignition part comprises an electric ignition element and an electrode, the electric ignition element generates electric sparks through the electrode to ignite combustible mixed gas to form stable flame, and therefore the ignition task is completed. However, the electrode part of the ignition device is in the high temperature of ignition flame, which is easy to be carbonized and corroded and damaged, the high-voltage conducting rod and the high-voltage cable are likely to leak electricity, and are easy to deform, break and corrode at the high temperature, so that ignition failure is likely to be caused, and even the ignition system cannot work normally.
The national intellectual property office in 2005 12/21 discloses a utility model patent with publication number CN2747478, the name of which is "laser igniter", the patent includes laser power supply and laser generator, and also includes laser ignition nozzle, the laser ignition nozzle is located on the equipment to be ignited, and extends into the equipment to contact with combustible mixed gas, the laser emitting end of the laser generator faces the laser ignition nozzle, and the center line of the emitted laser beam and the center line of the laser ignition nozzle are on a branch line. The invention utilizes laser energy for ignition, and solves the problems of corrosion damage of an electrode in an electric ignition mode at high temperature, coking, electric leakage of a high-voltage conducting rod and a high-voltage cable, easy deformation, fracture, corrosion and the like at high temperature. The ignition reliability and the service life of an ignition system are improved, the ignition process is simple, the device is simple in structure, and the device is beneficial to installation and maintenance. It is suitable for the ignition of flame in boiler, burner, industrial furnace, torch, etc. However, in this patent, laser light is used as a heat source, which is expensive, low in thermal efficiency (20% or less), and low in power of the monomer (10 kw or less).
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a non-impact self-adaptive trigger ignition device utilizing a laminar plasma system. In the device, arc passageway, nozzle and ignition nozzle three's the central axis coincidence, laminar flow plasma jets into along the central axis direction, and the effect of electric arc guide is played in this kind of design, and this design simplifies the ignition step, reduces the ignition degree of difficulty, realizes that working gas once ignites, guarantees laminar flow arc thermal plasma fluidic stability simultaneously.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the following technical scheme is proposed:
A non-impact self-adaptive trigger ignition device utilizing a laminar plasma system comprises the laminar plasma system and an ignition nozzle, wherein the laminar plasma system comprises a power supply, a laminar plasma generator and a nozzle, the power supply is connected with the laminar plasma generator, and the nozzle is detachably connected with the laminar plasma generator; the ignition nozzle is arranged on the equipment to be ignited and comprises a shell, an ignition electrode and a guide pipe, the ignition electrode is arranged at the front end of the guide pipe, the guide pipe extends into the equipment to be ignited, and the shell is arranged outside the ignition electrode and the guide pipe; the central axis of the nozzle coincides with the central axis of the ignition nozzle.
Preferably, the laminar plasma generator comprises an anode structure, a cathode structure and a multi-gas film cooling device, wherein the anode structure is a central-axis cylindrical anode structure, and at least 3 cathode structures are uniformly distributed in an annular manner along the periphery of the anode structure; the cathode structure is arranged on the base, and water, electricity and gas channels are arranged in the base; an insulating layer is arranged between the anode structure and the cathode structure, an arc channel is formed between the anode structure and the cathode structure, one end of the arc channel is communicated with the base, and the other end of the arc channel is communicated with the nozzle.
preferably, the arc channel is provided with a shell, and the shell is made of metal alloy carbide.
Preferably, the central axes of the arc channel, the nozzle and the ignition nozzle coincide.
preferably, the joint of the ignition electrode and the conduit is coated with a high-temperature graphite anti-biting agent.
Preferably, a ceramic insulator is arranged on the inner wall of the ignition nozzle.
The invention utilizes the working principle of a laminar plasma system as follows:
The plasma state is the fourth state of matter, and almost 99% of the matter in the universe (excluding dark matter that has not yet been identified) is in the plasma state. The plasma jet, like a general fluid, has two flow states: laminar flow and turbulent flow. When the flow rate of a given fluid is less than a specific value, the fluid makes regular laminar or flow-like motion, fluid particles do not move transversely, particles advance without mutual interference, and the flow form is laminar flow; when the fluid flow rate is greater than this value, the fluid's regular motion is disrupted, the particles have additional transverse motion in addition to the primary longitudinal motion, and the fluid particles advance in a staggered, chaotic manner, a form of flow known as turbulence. In a laminar plasma generator, under the protection of one or more mixed gas media of argon, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen or ammonia, laminar arc plasma jet is high-temperature high-speed beam current which is sprayed out from a plasma generator nozzle after being heated by electric arc, and the laminar plasma torch is a non-transferred arc plasma torch.
The invention utilizes the main principle of the air film cooling device as follows:
secondary gas flows (cooling gas or jets) are introduced from one or more discrete holes on the surface in a high temperature environment to protect the surfaces of the injection and downstream regions.
By adopting the technical scheme, the beneficial technical effects brought are as follows:
1) In the device, the central axes of the arc channel, the nozzle and the ignition nozzle are superposed, and laminar plasma is injected along the central axis direction, so that the design plays a role in guiding the arc.
2) In the invention, laminar plasma provides a heat source and an electric arc guiding function. Because laminar plasma heat is concentrated, the stability of ion arc is good, no electrode melting loss exists, the output heat is uniform, and the control is convenient, so that the heat distribution of the ignition region is uniform; meanwhile, the laminar plasma equipment has high control precision, convenient control on an ignition region, good uniformity and easier and more reasonable control on stress distribution; the laminar plasma beam is an electric arc, and has more concentrated heat than turbulent plasma, so the heating speed is higher, the temperature of the matrix can be controlled not to be too high, and the deformation of a nozzle and an ignition nozzle is avoided, which is incomparable with the heating speed of laser beams, electron beams, turbulent plasma and the like;
3) In the invention, the power supply in the laminar plasma system is arranged to supply power to the laminar plasma generator;
4) in the invention, the nozzle is arranged in the laminar plasma system, and the nozzle mechanically compresses laminar arc plasma and is used for stabilizing the flow direction of the plasma and enabling the energy of the plasma to be more concentrated and efficient;
5) In the invention, the arrangement of a multi-air film cooling device in the laminar plasma generator reduces the heat transfer gradient and inhibits the breakdown between electric levels and abnormal discharge;
6) In the invention, the outer shell of the arc channel is made of metal alloy carbide, so that a high-resistance inner shell is prevented from being generated, and the resistance to plasma scouring and sputtering is enhanced, thus the mean time of the fault-free work of the plasma torch can exceed more than 1500 hours without maintenance, and the plasma torch can be put into use and is convenient to replace only by simply replacing consumable parts after the maintenance time is reached;
7) In the invention, the joint of the ignition electrode and the conduit is coated with the high-temperature graphite anti-biting agent, so that the ignition electrode and the conduit can be effectively protected, and fracture, carbon formation, corrosion damage and the like can be prevented;
8) In the invention, the ceramic insulator is arranged on the inner wall of the ignition nozzle, so that the ignition nozzle can effectively play a role in protection and prevent the ignition nozzle from being broken, carbonized, corroded and damaged and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
In the figure: 1. ignition nozzle, 2, power supply, 3, laminar plasma generator, 301, anode structure, 302, cathode structure, 303, multi-film cooling device, 304, base, 305, arc channel, 4, nozzle, 5, shell, 6, ignition electrode, 7, conduit, 8, shell, 9, ceramic insulator.
Detailed Description
in the following, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A non-impact self-adaptive trigger ignition device utilizing a laminar plasma system comprises the laminar plasma system and an ignition nozzle 1, wherein the laminar plasma system comprises a power supply 2, a laminar plasma generator 3 and a nozzle 4, the power supply 2 is connected with the laminar plasma generator 3, and the nozzle 4 is detachably connected with the laminar plasma generator 3; the ignition nozzle 1 is arranged on equipment to be ignited, the ignition nozzle 1 comprises a shell 5, an ignition electrode 6 and a guide pipe 7, the ignition electrode 6 is arranged at the front end of the guide pipe 7, the guide pipe 7 extends into the equipment to be ignited, and the shell 5 is arranged outside the ignition electrode 6 and the guide pipe 7; the nozzle 4 coincides with the central axis of the ignition nozzle 1.
Example 2
a non-impact self-adaptive trigger ignition device utilizing a laminar plasma system comprises the laminar plasma system and an ignition nozzle 1, wherein the laminar plasma system comprises a power supply 2, a laminar plasma generator 3 and a nozzle 4, the power supply 2 is connected with the laminar plasma generator 3, and the nozzle 4 is detachably connected with the laminar plasma generator 3; the ignition nozzle 1 is arranged on equipment to be ignited, the ignition nozzle 1 comprises a shell 5, an ignition electrode 6 and a guide pipe 7, the ignition electrode 6 is arranged at the front end of the guide pipe 7, the guide pipe 7 extends into the equipment to be ignited, and the shell 5 is arranged outside the ignition electrode 6 and the guide pipe 7; the nozzle 4 coincides with the central axis of the ignition nozzle 1.
The laminar plasma generator 3 comprises an anode structure 301, a cathode structure 302 and a multi-air film cooling device 303, wherein the anode structure 301 is a cylindrical anode structure 301 with a central axis, and three cathode structures 302 are uniformly distributed in an annular mode around the anode structure 301; the cathode structure 302 is arranged on a base 304, and water, electricity and gas channels are arranged in the base 304; an insulating layer is arranged between the anode structure 301 and the cathode structure 302, and an arc channel 305 is formed between the anode structure 301 and the cathode structure 302, one end of the arc channel 305 leads to the base 304, and the other end of the arc channel 305 leads to the nozzle 4.
Example 3
A non-impact self-adaptive trigger ignition device utilizing a laminar plasma system comprises the laminar plasma system and an ignition nozzle 1, wherein the laminar plasma system comprises a power supply 2, a laminar plasma generator 3 and a nozzle 4, the power supply 2 is connected with the laminar plasma generator 3, and the nozzle 4 is detachably connected with the laminar plasma generator 3; the ignition nozzle 1 is arranged on equipment to be ignited, the ignition nozzle 1 comprises a shell 5, an ignition electrode 6 and a guide pipe 7, the ignition electrode 6 is arranged at the front end of the guide pipe 7, the guide pipe 7 extends into the equipment to be ignited, and the shell 5 is arranged outside the ignition electrode 6 and the guide pipe 7; the nozzle 4 coincides with the central axis of the ignition nozzle 1.
The laminar plasma generator 3 comprises an anode structure 301, a cathode structure 302 and a multi-air film cooling device 303, wherein the anode structure 301 is a cylindrical anode structure 301 with a central axis, and five cathode structures 302 are uniformly distributed in an annular mode around the anode structure 301; the cathode structure 302 is arranged on a base 304, and water, electricity and gas channels are arranged in the base 304; an insulating layer is arranged between the anode structure 301 and the cathode structure 302, and an arc channel 305 is formed between the anode structure 301 and the cathode structure 302, one end of the arc channel 305 leads to the base 304, and the other end of the arc channel 305 leads to the nozzle 4.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1: a non-impact self-adaptive trigger ignition device utilizing a laminar plasma system comprises the laminar plasma system and an ignition nozzle 1, wherein the laminar plasma system comprises a power supply 2, a laminar plasma generator 3 and a nozzle 4, the power supply 2 is connected with the laminar plasma generator 3, and the nozzle 4 is detachably connected with the laminar plasma generator 3; the ignition nozzle 1 is arranged on equipment to be ignited, the ignition nozzle 1 comprises a shell 5, an ignition electrode 6 and a guide pipe 7, the ignition electrode 6 is arranged at the front end of the guide pipe 7, the guide pipe 7 extends into the equipment to be ignited, and the shell 5 is arranged outside the ignition electrode 6 and the guide pipe 7; the nozzle 4 coincides with the central axis of the ignition nozzle 1.
Preferably, the laminar plasma generator 3 includes an anode structure 301, a cathode structure 302 and a multi-film cooling device 303, where the anode structure 301 is a central-axis cylindrical anode structure 301, and four cathode structures 302 are uniformly distributed annularly along the periphery of the anode structure 301; the cathode structure 302 is arranged on a base 304, and water, electricity and gas channels are arranged in the base 304; an insulating layer is arranged between the anode structure 301 and the cathode structure 302, and an arc channel 305 is formed between the anode structure 301 and the cathode structure 302, one end of the arc channel 305 leads to the base 304, and the other end of the arc channel 305 leads to the nozzle 4.
the arc channel 305 is provided with a housing 8, and the housing 8 is made of metal alloy carbide.
The central axes of the arc channel 305, the nozzle 4 and the ignition nozzle 1 coincide.
The joint of the ignition electrode 6 and the conduit 7 is coated with a high-temperature graphite anti-biting agent.
And a ceramic insulator 9 is arranged on the inner wall of the ignition nozzle 1.
Example 5
A non-impact self-adaptive trigger ignition device utilizing a laminar plasma system comprises the laminar plasma system and an ignition nozzle 1, wherein the laminar plasma system comprises a power supply 2, a laminar plasma generator 3 and a nozzle 4, the power supply 2 is connected with the laminar plasma generator 3, and the nozzle 4 is detachably connected with the laminar plasma generator 3; the ignition nozzle 1 is arranged on equipment to be ignited, the ignition nozzle 1 comprises a shell 5, an ignition electrode 6 and a guide pipe 7, the ignition electrode 6 is arranged at the front end of the guide pipe 7, the guide pipe 7 extends into the equipment to be ignited, and the shell 5 is arranged outside the ignition electrode 6 and the guide pipe 7; the nozzle 4 coincides with the central axis of the ignition nozzle 1.
Preferably, the laminar plasma generator 3 comprises an anode structure 301, a cathode structure 302 and a multi-air film cooling device 303, wherein the anode structure 301 is a central-axis cylindrical anode structure 301, and five cathode structures 302 are uniformly distributed in an annular manner along the periphery of the anode structure 301; the cathode structure 302 is arranged on a base 304, and water, electricity and gas channels are arranged in the base 304; an insulating layer is arranged between the anode structure 301 and the cathode structure 302, and an arc channel 305 is formed between the anode structure 301 and the cathode structure 302, one end of the arc channel 305 leads to the base 304, and the other end of the arc channel 305 leads to the nozzle 4.
The arc channel 305 is provided with a housing 8, and the housing 8 is made of metal alloy carbide.
The central axes of the arc channel 305, the nozzle 4 and the ignition nozzle 1 coincide.
The joint of the ignition electrode 6 and the conduit 7 is coated with a high-temperature graphite anti-biting agent.
And a ceramic insulator 9 is arranged on the inner wall of the ignition nozzle 1.