A kind of short distance communication intelligence dedusting street lampTechnical field
The present invention relates to technical field of visible light communication, especially a kind of short distance communication intelligence dedusting street lamp.
Background technology
Solar energy is discharged huge nuclear energy by solar interior hydrogen atom generation hydrogen helium fusion and produces, from the sunEmittance.
The overwhelming majority of necessary for human energy is all directly or indirectly from the sun.Plant discharges oxygen by photosynthesisGas, absorbing carbon dioxide, and solar energy is transformed into chemical energy stores in plant.Coal, oil, natural gas etc. are changedStone fuel is also to be developed, by the animals and plants being embedded in underground ancient times, the primary energy formed through very long geological epoch.The earth itselfThe energy contained is often referred to the energy relevant with the heat energy of earth interior and the energy relevant with nuclear reaction.
Visible light communication technology, is that the high speed light and shade being invisible to the naked eye utilizing fluorescent lamp or light emitting diode etc. to send is dodgedBright signal transmits information, is connected on illuminator by the wire device of high-speed Internet, and inserting attaching plug can makeWith.The system utilizing this technology to make can cover the scope that indoor light reaches, and computer need not electric wire and connects, thus toolThere is DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT widely.Compared to other radio communication system, it is seen that the major advantage of optic communication is:
(1) the linear directional circulation way of optic communication makes its narrow transmitting beam, good directionality, and the angle of divergence of light beam generally all existsMilliradian, even microradian magnitude, therefore have the confidentiality of data transmission, unless its communication link is intercepted, otherwise dataIt is difficult to leak.Owing to these wave beams very orient, it is in alignment with a certain receiver, as thought interposition, it is necessary to connect with another portionReceipts machine is directed at transmitter in sighting distance, in addition it is also necessary to knowing how to receive signal, this is difficult to accomplish.If connect by sanction, thenOriginally link is just interrupted, and user is it finds that information is by interposition.
(2) need not carry out the pipeline engineering construction of costliness, its construction cost is about 20 % of optical cable.Networking is convenient, rapid,Optic communication networking speed is fast, need only carry out equipment installation in communication point, is suitable for interim use and the emergency group in complicated landformNet, the most very convenient for again replacing deployment.
(3) due to optical wavelength short (several microns of the about zero point of visible ray), so in the case of completing said function, lightThe size of sending and receiving end is more much smaller than the size of microwave, millimeter wave communication antenna, has the spies such as power consumption is little, volume is little, lightweightPoint, corresponding device cost is relatively low.
Although optic communication has plurality of advantages, but there is also some drawbacks, such as: light wave can not penetrate the obstacles such as wallThing, easily by the interference etc. of the background noises such as sunlight, electric filament lamp, fluorescent lamp.In prior art, it is achieved communication is the most also intended toDepending on communication network, if being deep in the mountains whilst on tour, wireless communication network signal is more weak, or does not has communication network to believeNumber, cannot be got in touch by communication network between donkey friend (the donkey friend such as, falling single or lost and team) apart from each other.Carried out the transmission of information by communication network, the life for people brings conveniently, but, its application there is also limitation.AndAnd, utilize communication network to communicate the operator's paying needed to communication network.Particularly, utilize in short rangeCommunication network communicates, and adds the cost of communication.Meanwhile, the illuminator of currently used LED, also it is only used for illumination, meritCan be single, so needing a kind of pocket lamp based on visible ray to realize function and the purpose of communication of illumination.Existing roadModulated structure is single, is generally only capable of the effect playing illumination, and function is limited, fails to make full use of its upper end space resource.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of dedusting street lamp that can adsorb haze, it is possible to improve what prior art existedProblem, realizes solar powered by the solar panels being arranged on the street lamp body of rod, and uses field generator and dust-catching board phaseCoordinate mutually, it is achieved dust removing effects, use atomising spray device, it is possible to making the particulate matter flocking settling in air, raising removes simultaneouslyDirt effect.
Summary of the invention
The goal of the invention of the present invention is, overcomes the deficiency of art methods, it is provided that a kind of point-to-point communication mode,Sending and receiving all use relatively small reception, launch angle, only need manual coarse alignment during use, are applied to indoor short distanceRadio communication, can reach the data communication rates of more than 10Mbps, and transmission range reaches about 5 meters, substantially meet office,The indoor LED visible light communication system of the data communication requirements of the indoor environment such as laboratory, family.
For achieving the above object, it is proposed that following technical scheme:
A kind of short distance communication intelligence dedusting street lamp, including:
Central processing unit, field programmable gate array, power circuit, optical key module, signal modulation control equipment, LEDLamp, intelligent road-lamp, photo-detector, signal processing circuit；
Described intelligent road-lamp includes that described central processing unit connects optical key module, signal modulation control equipment, LED lamp, intelligenceStreet lamp, photo-detector, signal processing circuit；Described signal modulating equipment is responsible for modulation and is generated the original signal of telecommunication；Described LEDLamp is monochromatic LED；Described photo-detector is that visible light wave range responds preferable CCD electrooptical device；Described intelligence roadLamp is the optical lens of variable multiple；Described signal processing circuit adapts with photo-detector, for the process of video electrical signal,And determine the shape of light spot received, size and average received power；It is big between described searchlight and described intelligent road-lampGas channel, the light that light source sends is transmitted by atmospheric channel；Described power circuit connects central processing unit and scene respectivelyProgrammable gate array circuit；It is provided with solar panel, mu balanced circuit, power-supply controller of electric and direct current in described power circuit to supplyElectricity circuit；Being provided with intelligent mobile terminal in described optical key module, based on intelligent mobile terminal operating system, design is based on voidThe key intending serial ports sends the software module of intelligent mobile terminal, sends out key by the software module of intelligent mobile terminal and believesBreath, key information is exported by the min-USB mouth of intelligent mobile terminal；The key information exported, based on intelligent mobile terminalOTG function, in external drive module loading to LED, completes the transmission of key information by LED；
Being provided with intelligent mobile terminal in described optical key module, based on intelligent mobile terminal operating system, design is based on virtualThe key of serial ports sends the software module of intelligent mobile terminal, sends out key by the software module of intelligent mobile terminal and believesBreath, key information is exported by the min-USB mouth of intelligent mobile terminal；The key information exported, based on intelligent mobile terminalOTG function, in external drive module loading to LED, completes the transmission of key information by LED；Described at a distanceVisible light communication system equipment mainly includes transmitting terminal and receiving terminal；Transmitting terminal can use the modulation systems such as OOK, PPM, light sourceThe optical signal modulated is launched with the rule of high speed, light and shade change, uses high-power low beam divergence angle array LED conductLight source, owing to modulation rate is in 100 bit magnitudes, can use single-chip microcomputer to coordinate C++ software programming to carry out the soft of transmitting terminalHardware designs, it is achieved the transmission of character string；Receiving terminal, uses CCD to use high frame frequency as photo-detector, hardware deviceMore than 100fps, high sensitivity, high-responsivity CCD camera；Camera shoots with frame frequency identical with light source, and designsSoftware carries out collection and the process of data to CCD camera, the rule of modulated signal is presented, obtains corresponding gray value,Thus complete the transmittance process of information, it is achieved the reception of character string；Described charging socket is arranged at the side of door close；
Bridgt circuit: connect USB interface of computer and light transmission circuit, will carry out at conversion from computer usb data signalManage into the signal of applicable radiating circuit modulation, be changed being processed into usb data signal by the signal that reception circuit is sent here simultaneouslyGive computer, it is achieved the wireless duplex communication of two-forty；It is provided with intelligent mobile terminal, based on intelligence in described optical key moduleEnergy mobile terminal operating system, designs key based on virtual serial port and sends the software module of intelligent mobile terminal, by intelligenceThe software module of mobile terminal sends out key information, and key information is exported by the min-USB mouth of intelligent mobile terminal；Institute is defeatedThe key information gone out, based on intelligent mobile terminal OTG function, in external drive module loading to LED, is come by LEDComplete the transmission of key information；
Optical sender: the signal processed through usb circuit is carried out coded modulation, modulated signal is again through puttingModulated light source visible LED one by one is sent to so that it is send visible ray light pulse signal (this being encoded signal of telecommunication modulation after greatProcess is referred to as electro-optic conversion, i.e. E/O changes), after in optical antenna is transmitted into atmospheric channel.
Photoreceiver: by optical antenna, transmitting terminal is sent the light pulse signal come and converge to photoelectric detector PIN,The optical signal of reception is converted into the signal of telecommunication (this process is referred to as opto-electronic conversion, i.e. O/E changes), the faint electricity that conversion comesSignal gives usb circuit after amplifying demodulation.
Described optical sender includes light source and driver and auxiliary circuit.Described auxiliary circuit includes light detection device, nothingOptical alarm circuit, automatic power control circuit (APC) and automatic temp. controlling circuit (ATC)；During use, the signal of telecommunication is input to driveDynamic device, described driver is connected with light source, and automatic temp. controlling circuit regulation and control light-source temperature, described light detection device is arranged on light sourceIn range of exposures, and it is connected with without optical alarm circuit, with driving after described light detection device and automatic power control circuit connectionDevice constitutes feedback circuit.
Described field programmable gate array, inside includes configurable logic blocks CLB, input/output module IOBWith three parts of interconnector；FPGA utilizes small-sized look-up table (16 × 1RAM) to realize combination logic, and each look-up table connectsTo the input of a d type flip flop, trigger drives other logic circuits again or drives I/O, thus constitutes and both can realizeCombination logic function can realize again the basic logic unit module of sequential logic function, and these intermodules utilize metal connecting line mutualIt is coupled or attached to I/O module；The logic of FPGA loads programming data by internally static storage cell and realizes, and depositsStorage value in a memory cell determines coupling between logic function and each module of logical block or between module with I/OMode, and finally determine the function achieved by FPGA, FPGA allows unlimited number of programming.
To better implement the present invention, it is possible to meet illuminance make solar energy carry out generating electricity not or when night stillMeet and whole system is powered；
In use, unnecessary electric energy will be stored in accumulator battery, and occur solar illuminating not or rainy weather orDuring night, accumulator battery will carry out releasing electricity, and is delivered in DC power-supply circuit by the output circuit of power-supply controller of electric, centeringCentral processor and field programmable gate array are powered, and reach 24 hours round-the-clock to make whole system work.
Key to be sent is that TTL level signal, i.e.+5V represent high level " 1 ", and 0V represents low level " 0 "；DescribedLED drive module includes PNP type paster audion S8550 and related peripheral device thereof, is used for realizing the signal of telecommunication to optical signalConversion；The device of described one one-to-many of optical key module；Optical key designs based on single-chip microcomputer STC12C2052ADA kind of transmitting terminal.
Described light source works wave band is HONGGUANG 650nm, compared with green glow and blue light, when HONGGUANG is transmitted in atmospheric channel,There is in resistivity to the fluorescence in background noise and ultraviolet certain advantage.
Described transmitter circuitry uses the red light-emitting diode (LED) light source as transmitter of 650nm.For roomInterior portable radiotelephone optical transmission device, light source must is fulfilled for following basic requirement: meet eye-safe requirement；Modulation speedRate meets design and requires (>=10Mb/s)；Service life is long；Price is low, reduces cost.Described LED drive circuit uses differential electricalRoad.
Described optical receiver circuit includes photodetector, amplifying circuit and signal processing circuit, for intensity modulatedDigital optical signal, when receiving terminal uses direct detection mode, mainly by photoelectric detector, low noise preamplifier, main amplificationDevice, agc circuit etc. constitute the linear passageway of photoreceiver, to complete optical electrical conversion, needed for signal is amplified to decision circuitSignal level.
In optical communication system, the effect of receiver is to be changed into the signal of telecommunication receiving optical signal.First by light electrical resistivity surveySurvey the channel transmission that optical sender is sent by device (can be PIN photodiode, it is also possible to be PAD avalanche photodide)After faint optical signal be changed into the signal of telecommunication.The output signal electric current of photodetector is the least, it is necessary to by low noise, broadbandPreamplifier be amplified.Photodetector and preamplifier constitute photoreceiver front-end, and its noiseproof feature will be certainlyDetermine the main because of family of receiving sensitivity.Main amplifier, equalizer and agc circuit carry out the amplification of high-gain and to signal to signalCompensate, shaping, with improve signal to noise ratio, reduce the bit error rate, make the pulse of output be suitable for judgement requirement.
Described low noise preamplifier is broadband, low-noise amplifier, because circuit operating rate is higher, is preferably,LNA uses trans-impedance amplifier.
This beneficial effect of the invention:
The indoor LED visible light communication system of the present invention mainly includes USB bridgt circuit, optical sender and photoreceiver, hardwareCircuit is small and exquisite, easy to use, and service behaviour is good；By using solar panels structure, it is possible to for solar electrical energy generation, by the sunCan generating be stored in accumulator after oversampling circuit converts, for for street lamp power supply, road lamp power supply, simultaneously because have employed field generatorStructure, it is possible to when utilizing electric field action, haze solid particulate matter adsorbs on dust-catching board, owing to field generator is energized for needsStructure, is placed in the present invention inside protective cover, in order to avoid external structure enters in protective cover, present invention employs inside and outsideTwo-layer protective cover structure, by making the through hole of inside and outside two-layer protective cover structure mutually stagger, is avoided that the rainwater of outside enters and protectsIn guard shield, do not affect air flowing, it is achieved dust removing effects simultaneously；
The present invention uses outside illuminating lamp, covers transparent protective cover, it is possible to avoid illuminating lamp impaired, simultaneously as shiningIt is provided with spray structure below bright lamp, it is possible to by silent pump by the water pump in water tank to atomizer, is atomized ejectionAfter, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase air humidity, it is engaged in the solid particulate matter utilized in atomized water absorption air so that solid particulate matter cohesion is heavyFall, such that it is able to effectively reduce solid particulate matter content.
Described microcontroller is to use single-chip microcomputer, and its CPU was made up of controller and arithmetical unit, is substantially carried out computing and refers toOrder identifies.Memorizer is the erasable flash memory of 8K, and working power is+5V.The inverting amplifier of agitator, stone is had inside itEnglish crystal and ceramic resonator collectively form self-excited oscillator.Pin is simple and reliable, powerful, easy to use, and hasLow power idle and power-down mode.
Method and the technology such as application artificial taste intelligent system, knowledge engineering, pattern recognition, artificial neural network, carried outIntelligent, integrated, concert rationality, the computer management system of a new generation designing and realizing.WIFI, easily by electromagnetic interference, passesDefeated direction is uncontrollable, and password is easily trapped.But visible light communication is a kind of point-to-point transmission mode, has confidentialityGood advantage.
Optical key and intelligent mobile terminal combine, and android system can well be used to develop mobile phone A AP light keySoftware, android system is the operating system increased income based on Linux, be mainly used in mobile terminal (mobile phone andFlat board) in.Android system is compared with other system platform, has the biggest advantage.Its advantage is topmost is embodied in itOpening.Android system is the system increased income completely, and all of fan and manufacturer can participate in AndroidThe exploitation of system, this just development for Android system laid fine basis.Android system has become asThe system that whole world installation amount first is big.Another big advantage of Android system is namely based on the platform of Google, and Google is publicThe service products such as the map of department, search, mailbox, it is possible to seamless is applied in Andriod system.
To better implement the present invention, it is possible to meet and make solar energy carry out generating electricity not in illuminance or still meet when nightWhole system is powered；
In use, unnecessary electric energy will be stored in accumulator battery, and occur solar illuminating not or rainy weather orDuring night, accumulator battery will carry out releasing electricity, and is delivered in DC power-supply circuit by the output circuit of power-supply controller of electric, centeringCentral processor and field programmable gate array are powered, and reach 24 hours round-the-clock to make whole system work.Long distanceFrom visible light communication system, have employed OOK modulation system at transmitting terminal, OOK bandwidth demand is low, and hardware realizes letter the mostSingle, have only to the method by directly detection when decoding, when determining, by the presence or absence judging light, the information received 0 or1；Make transmitting terminal cost reasonable；At receiving terminal, CCD is used to use high frame frequency (100fps as photo-detector, hardware deviceAbove), high sensitivity, high-responsivity CCD camera；Camera shoots with frame frequency identical with light source, and design software pairCCD camera carries out collection and the process of data, the rule of modulated signal is presented, and obtains corresponding gray value, thus completeThe transmittance process of one-tenth information, it is achieved the reception of character string.Selecting CCD as photo-detector, its sensitivity and responsiveness ratio passThe PIN photodiode of system is much higher.It in contrast to conventional photodiode, use CCD camera can make the position of light sourceCan clearly indicating out in the picture, so, as long as can interpolate that out the position of signal, multiple light can be used in the futureSource, within the ability to accept of receiving terminal, increases exponentially transfer rate.And CCD can also be as photo-detector simultaneouslyIn the middle of APT communication system.
Support hot plug on computers, fully demonstrated USB interface device and used feature quickly and easily.DrivingUnder the support of program, realizing point-to-point double-direction radio optic communication between computer, traffic rate can reach 11Mbps, it is achieved thatUSB interface-based visible ray (HONGGUANG) wireless points point to-point communication between computer.This system is mainly applied to indoor short distanceFrom horizon range in, use 650nm as operation wavelength, the visible light wave range in short wavelength can be with mesh in installation and debuggingDepending on alignment, eliminate infrared band and be worth expensive telescope to Barebone；And the optical device price of visible light wave range is onlyThe tens of 850/1550nm device even more than one percent, greatly reduces system cost.LED light source drive circuit usesDifference channel；Difference channel is due to the effect of constant-current source, even if there is big electric current drift, this kind of circuit is it is also ensured that the most steadyFixed supply current, thus ensure the job stability of circuit；Even if during high voltage output, voltage drift phenomenon occurs, as long as letterNumber remaining in that balance, the cross interference that this circuit causes is the most relatively small；For there is the prime of easy generation parasitismIn the case of circuit, in view of this circuit common-mode gain is relatively low, so the probability that it introduces unwanted oscillation to prime is the least.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system architecture diagram；
Fig. 2 is optical transmitter circuit block diagram；
Fig. 3 is LED light source drive circuit；
Fig. 4 is that light receives machine circuit block diagram；
Fig. 5 is trans-impedance amplifier circuit diagram
Fig. 6 lamp post structure figure
Wherein: the 101. street lamp bodies of rod, 102. solar panels, 103. accumulator, 104. anode taps, 105. cathode terminals, 106. baffle plates,107. illuminating lamps, 108. cover bodies, 109. atomizers, 110. conveying pipes, 111. water tanks, 112. first protective covers, 113. secondProtective cover, 114. flanged structures, 115. reflective sheetings, 116. water transport ports, 117. inlet valves, 118. protection boards, 119. grooves,120. adapters, 121. dust-catching boards.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the 11 of the present invention are further described in detail:
1 as it is shown in figure 1, include:
Central processing unit, field programmable gate array, power circuit, optical key module, signal modulation control equipment, LEDLamp, intelligent road-lamp, photo-detector, signal processing circuit；Described intelligent road-lamp includes that microcontroller, depurator switch and light connectReceiving module, described Optical Receivers receives LED communication signal from LED group, to obtaining control after described LED communication signal processingSystem instruction, and described control instruction is transported to microcontroller；Described intelligent road-lamp, the road made including fire resistant PVCLamp stand body (101) and be arranged on the solar panels (102) of the described street lamp body of rod (101) upper end, the described street lamp body of rod (101)For hollow cylindrical configuration, it is provided with accumulator (103), at described solar panels in the described street lamp body of rod (101) inner side(102) lower section is provided with field generator, and described field generator electrically connects with described accumulator (103), described electricityField generator includes the anode tap (104) being arranged on upper end and the cathode terminal (105) being arranged below, at described cathode terminal(105) it is coated with dust-catching board (121), at described dust-catching board on the street lamp body of rod (101) and between described anode tap (104)(121) it is provided with the through-hole structure in irregular arrangement on, described cathode terminal (105) lower section is provided with baffle plate (106),Being provided with illuminating lamp (107) on the street lamp body of rod (101) of described baffle plate (106) lower section, described illuminating lamp (107) is for along instituteEqually circumferentially spaced 4 of the street lamp body of rod (101) outer wall stated, in described illuminating lamp (107) outer cover equipped with transparentCover body (108), is provided with arrange at equal intervals several on the sidewall of the street lamp body of rod (101) of described cover body (108) lower sectionThrough hole, is respectively arranged with atomizer (109) in described through hole, is provided with defeated in the described street lamp body of rod (101) inner sideSending pipe (110), described conveying pipe (110) is connected with described atomizer (109) respectively, at the described street lamp body of rod(101) being internally provided with water tank (111), described water tank (111) is provided with silent pump, described silent pump is defeated with describedSending pipe (110) to be connected, described silent pump and described illuminating lamp (107) electrically connect with described accumulator (103) respectively,Being provided with protective cover between described solar panels (102) and described baffle plate (106), described protective cover includes the first guarantorGuard shield (112) and be sleeved on second protective cover (113) in described first protective cover (112) outside, described field generatorIt is positioned at described the first protective cover (112) inner side, on described the first protective cover (112) and described the second protective cover (113)The through hole being respectively arranged with on through hole, described the first protective cover (112) and described the second protective cover (113) mutually staggers and setsPutting, described baffle plate (106) is that fire resistant PVC makes.
Described central processing unit connects optical key module, signal modulation control equipment, LED lamp, intelligent road-lamp, optical detectionDevice, signal processing circuit；Described signal modulating equipment is responsible for modulation and is generated the original signal of telecommunication；Described LED lamp is monochromaticLED；Described photo-detector is that visible light wave range responds preferable CCD electrooptical device；Described intelligent road-lamp is variable multipleOptical lens；Described signal processing circuit adapts with photo-detector, for the process of video electrical signal, and determines receptionThe shape of hot spot, size and average received power；Being atmospheric channel between described searchlight and described intelligent road-lamp, light source is sent outThe light gone out is transmitted by atmospheric channel；Described power circuit connects central processing unit and field programmable gate array electricity respectivelyRoad；Solar panel, mu balanced circuit, power-supply controller of electric and DC power-supply circuit it is provided with in described power circuit；Described lightIt is provided with intelligent mobile terminal in key module, based on intelligent mobile terminal operating system, designs key based on virtual serial portSend the software module of intelligent mobile terminal, send out key information, key information by the software module of intelligent mobile terminalExported by the min-USB mouth of intelligent mobile terminal；The key information exported, based on intelligent mobile terminal OTG function, warpCross external drive module loading to LED, completed the transmission of key information by LED；
Sending out key information by the software module of intelligent mobile terminal, key information is by the min-USB of intelligent mobile terminalMouth output；The key information exported, based on intelligent mobile terminal OTG function, through external drive module loading to LEDOn, the transmission of key information is completed by LED；Described remote visible light communication system equipment mainly includes transmitting terminal and connectsReceiving end；Transmitting terminal can use the modulation systems such as OOK, PPM, the rule that the optical signal modulated is changed by light source with high speed, light and shadeLaunch, use high-power low beam divergence angle array LED as light source, owing to modulation rate is in 100 bit magnitudes, permissibleSingle-chip microcomputer is used to coordinate C++ software programming to carry out the design of hardware and software of transmitting terminal, it is achieved the transmission of character string；Receiving terminal, usesCCD uses high more than frame frequency 100fps, high sensitivity, high-responsivity CCD camera as photo-detector, hardware device；PhaseMachine shoots with frame frequency identical with light source, and design software carries out collection and the process of data to CCD camera, will modulationThe rule of signal presents, and obtains corresponding gray value, thus completes the transmittance process of information, it is achieved the reception of character string；Described charging socket is arranged at the side of door close；
Bridgt circuit: connect USB interface of computer and light transmission circuit, will carry out at conversion from computer usb data signalManage into the signal of applicable radiating circuit modulation, be changed being processed into usb data signal by the signal that reception circuit is sent here simultaneouslyGive computer, it is achieved the wireless duplex communication of two-forty.
Optical sender: the signal processed through usb circuit is carried out coded modulation, modulated signal warp againModulated light source visible LED one by one is sent to so that it is send the visible ray light pulse signal being encoded signal of telecommunication modulation after crossing amplification(this process is referred to as electro-optic conversion, i.e. E/O change), after in optical antenna is transmitted into atmospheric channel.
Photoreceiver: by optical antenna, transmitting terminal is sent the light pulse signal come and converge to photoelectric detector PIN,The optical signal of reception is converted into the signal of telecommunication (this process is referred to as opto-electronic conversion, i.e. O/E changes), the faint electricity that conversion comesSignal gives usb circuit after amplifying demodulation.
Described field programmable gate array, inside includes configurable logic blocks CLB, input/output module IOBWith three parts of interconnector；FPGA utilizes small-sized look-up table (16 × 1RAM) to realize combination logic, and each look-up table connectsTo the input of a d type flip flop, trigger drives other logic circuits again or drives I/O, thus constitutes and both can realizeCombination logic function can realize again the basic logic unit module of sequential logic function, and these intermodules utilize metal connecting line mutualIt is coupled or attached to I/O module；The logic of FPGA loads programming data by internally static storage cell and realizes, and depositsStorage value in a memory cell determines coupling between logic function and each module of logical block or between module with I/OMode, and finally determine the function achieved by FPGA, FPGA allows unlimited number of programming.
To better implement the present invention, it is possible to meet illuminance make solar energy carry out generating electricity not or when night stillMeet and whole system is powered.
Key to be sent is that TTL level signal, i.e.+5V represent high level " 1 ", and 0V represents low level " 0 "；DescribedLED drive module includes PNP type paster audion S8550 and related peripheral device thereof, is used for realizing the signal of telecommunication to optical signalConversion；The device of described one one-to-many of optical key module；Optical key designs based on single-chip microcomputer STC12C2052ADA kind of transmitting terminal.
In use, unnecessary electric energy will be stored in accumulator battery, and occur that solar illuminating is inadequate or overcast and rainyWhen gas or night, accumulator battery will carry out releasing electricity, and is delivered in DC power-supply circuit by the output circuit of power-supply controller of electric,Central processing unit and field programmable gate array are powered, reach 24 hours round-the-clock to make whole system work.
Described microcontroller is to use single-chip microcomputer, and its CPU was made up of controller and arithmetical unit, is substantially carried out computing and refers toOrder identifies.Memorizer is the erasable flash memory of 8K, and working power is+5V.The inverting amplifier of agitator, stone is had inside itEnglish crystal and ceramic resonator collectively form self-excited oscillator.Pin is simple and reliable, powerful, easy to use, and hasLow power idle and power-down mode.
Described temperature sensor is DS18B20 sensor, and DS18B20 sensor has a line interface, uses simple sideJust, in actual use without outer member, directly utilize data/address bus and power, measure temperature range bigger.Therefore, makeRelatively wide by scope, purposes is bigger.
As in figure 2 it is shown, described optical sender includes light source and driver and auxiliary circuit.Described auxiliary circuit includes light detectionDevice, without optical alarm circuit, automatic power control circuit (APC) and automatic temp. controlling circuit (ATC)；During use, the signal of telecommunication is defeatedEntering to driver, described driver is connected with light source, and automatic temp. controlling circuit regulation and control light-source temperature, described light detection device is arrangedIn light source range of exposures, and it is connected with without optical alarm circuit, after described light detection device and an automatic power control circuit connectFeedback circuit is constituted with driver.
Preferably, described light source works wave band is HONGGUANG 650nm, and compared with green glow and blue light, HONGGUANG is at atmospheric channelDuring middle transmission, the resistivity to the fluorescence in background noise and ultraviolet has certain advantage.
Preferably, described transmitter circuitry uses the red light-emitting diode (LED) light as transmitter of 650nmSource.For indoor portable radiotelephone optical transmission device, light source must is fulfilled for following basic requirement: meets eye-safe and wantsAsk；Modulation rate meets design and requires (>=10Mb/s)；Service life is long；Price is low, reduces cost.As it is shown on figure 3, it is describedLED drive circuit uses difference channel.
As shown in Figure 4, described optical receiver circuit includes photodetector, amplifying circuit and signal processing circuit, forThe digital optical signal of intensity modulated, when receiving terminal uses direct detection mode, is mainly put by before photoelectric detector, low noiseBig device, main amplifier, agc circuit etc. constitute the linear passageway of photoreceiver, to complete optical electrical conversion, signal are amplified to sentenceThe certainly signal level needed for circuit.
In optical communication system, the effect of receiver is to be changed into the signal of telecommunication receiving optical signal.First by light electrical resistivity surveySurvey the channel transmission that optical sender is sent by device (can be PIN photodiode, it is also possible to be PAD avalanche photodide)After faint optical signal be changed into the signal of telecommunication.The output signal electric current of photodetector is the least, it is necessary to by low noise, broadbandPreamplifier be amplified.Photodetector and preamplifier constitute photoreceiver front-end, and its noiseproof feature will be certainlyDetermine the main because of family of receiving sensitivity.Main amplifier, equalizer and agc circuit carry out the amplification of high-gain and to signal to signalCompensate, shaping, with improve signal to noise ratio, reduce the bit error rate, make the pulse of output be suitable for judgement requirement.
Described low noise preamplifier is broadband, low-noise amplifier, because circuit operating rate is higher, is preferably,LNA uses trans-impedance amplifier.
As it is shown in figure 5, wherein, Iin is the photogenerated current of photodetector, and Ay is ideal amplifier.Negative feedback thereinNetwork Rf detects output end voltage and feeds back to input in the form of electric current.On the one hand the amplifier of this form ensuresIt has a less input impedance, such that it is able to the photoelectric current that picked-up photodetector in amplitude peak ground produces；On the other hand,There is good load-carrying ability.It is that a kind of feedback resistance Rf of passing through provides degenerative high increasing to amplifier inBenefit high-impedance amplifier, substantially one current-voltage converter, noise is low, bandwidth and dynamic range big.