An a kind of step closing well method based on well control systemTechnical field
The present invention relates to a kind of closing well method, especially with regard to one at the fixed rig of offshore oil and land rig etc.The step closing well method based on well control system used in field.
Background technology
At present, domestic marine fixed platform or the petroleum drilling operation on land, when having overflow or blowout occurs, needWell control system is used to carry out closing well.Existing closing well process needs well control system to coordinate manual operation to complete closing well, such as, such as Fig. 1Shown in, closing well step is as follows: 1) runs into emergency during drilling well and needs closing well；2) stop bore and send well kick signal；3) by drilling toolIt is promoted to close the correct position of preventer；4) stop top driving and drilling pump；5) the open flow valve that surges at drilling spool is opened；6)Upper flashboard preventer is turned off after closing annular preventer；7) resistance valve that surges on choke tube is closed；8) report drilling well is responsible forPeople；9) after record closing well 10～15min standpipe and casing pressure and the increment of circulatory pool drilling fluid and time, complete to closeWell.Wherein, crucial from step 3) to step 6) be required for drilling operator and be operated manually on corresponding control panel,Next operation just can be carried out after completing an operation, the longest, and maloperation easily occurs, and closing well one is important formerThen: closing well is resolute in time, and overflow, well kick once occur, and closing well is the rapidest, and spillway discharge is the fewest, is more easily controlled.ThisManually-operated closing well mode speed is slow, and reliability is the highest.Well control system is relative with the control system of other drilling equipment onlyStand, and the limitation of well control system makes closing well program rely on manual operation, the longest.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, it is an object of the invention to provide an a kind of step closing well method based on well control system, its closing wellSpeed is fast, reliability is high, be difficult to maloperation occur.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes techniques below scheme: an a kind of step closing well method based on well control system,It is characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 1) it is provided with PLC in well control system, PLC controls drilling pump, blowout preventionDevice, the duty of surge open flow valve and electromagnetic valve；2), in drilling process, emergency is run into when needing closing well, well control systemSend stopping drilling well order and well kick signal；3) drilling tool is promoted to cut out for convenience the predeterminated position of preventer；4)Well control system start-up one step closing well, completes closing well.
Preferably, described step 4) in, the detailed process of a step closing well is as follows: (4.1) PLC is simultaneously to drilling wellPump, preventer, surge open flow valve and electromagnetic valve transmitting control commands, and sends information to drilling implementer；(4.2) drilling pump according toThe control command received stops top and drives and drilling pump, and the open flow valve that surges opens the liquid at drilling spool according to the control command receivedDynamic open flow valve, preventer turns off upper flashboard preventer, electromagnetic valve after first cutting out annular preventer according to the control command receivedThe resistance valve that surges on choke manifold is closed according to the control command received；(4.3) after drilling implementer records closing well 10～15minStandpipe and casing pressure and the increment of circulatory pool drilling fluid and time.
Preferably, described step 1) in, described preventer is made up of annular preventer and upper flashboard preventer；Described annularPreventer and described upper flashboard preventer all electrically connect with described PLC.
Preferably, described step 1) in, described in resistance valve one end of surging connect with slush pump one end through described electromagnetic valve, instituteState the resistance valve other end that surges to connect with the slush pump other end.
Due to the fact that and take above technical scheme, the well control system that it has the advantage that 1, the present invention uses is permissiblePre-setting hard closing or soft closing pattern, when closing well, after closing preventer, well control system controls relevant device work shapeState, realizes stopping relevant drilling equipment operating successively, and this process is made without manual operation, and reliability is high, and closing well is timelyAnd speed is fast, is difficult to maloperation occur.2, the present invention uses a set of electromagnetic valve in parallel in the control system of resistance valve to controlOperating mechanism, and electrically connect with well control system, to realize being automatically brought into operation, also lay the first stone for automatization's kill-job operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is closing well schematic flow sheet in prior art；
Fig. 2 is a step closing well schematic flow sheet in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
With embodiment, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As in figure 2 it is shown, the present invention provides an a kind of step closing well method based on well control system, it comprises the following steps:
1) being provided with PLC in well control system, resistance valve one end of surging connects with slush pump one end through electromagnetic valve, liquidThe dynamic resistance valve other end connects with the slush pump other end, electromagnetic valve control the duty of the resistance valve that surges；PLC controlDrilling pump processed, preventer, the duty of surge open flow valve and electromagnetic valve；
2) in drilling process, running into emergency when needing closing well, well control system sends stopping drilling well order and well kickSignal；
3) drilling tool is promoted to cut out for convenience the predeterminated position of preventer；
4) well control system start-up one step closing well, detailed process is as follows:
(4.1) PLC simultaneously to drilling pump, preventer, surge open flow valve and electromagnetic valve transmitting control commands, and toDrilling implementer sends information；
(4.2) drilling pump drives and drilling pump according to the control command stopping top receiving, and the open flow valve that surges is according to the control receivedThe open flow valve that surges at drilling spool is opened in system order, and preventer first cuts out after annular preventer again according to the control command receivedClosing upper flashboard preventer, electromagnetic valve cuts out the resistance valve that surges on choke manifold according to the control command received；
(4.3) after drilling implementer records closing well 10～15min standpipe and casing pressure and the increasing of circulatory pool drilling fluidAmount and time, complete closing well.
Above-mentioned steps 1) in, preventer is made up of annular preventer and upper flashboard preventer.Annular preventer and upper flashboardPreventer all electrically connects with PLC, PLC control annular preventer and the duty of upper flashboard preventer.
The various embodiments described above are merely to illustrate the present invention, the structure of each parts, size, arrange position and shape is all permissibleBe varied from, on the basis of technical solution of the present invention, all improvement individual part carried out according to the principle of the invention and etc.With conversion, the most should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.