It is a kind of artificially not controlled down the method and structure for letting out ecological flowTechnical field
The method and structure of ecological flow of letting out artificially are not controlled down the present invention relates to a kind of, belong to hydraulic engineering ecologySafeguards technique field.
Background technology
The construction of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering dam changes the process of river natural runoff, and under normal circumstances, ecological flow isEnsure downstream ecology water-use for environment minimum requirements, under let out ecological flow be ensure downstream ecology environment important measures.It is transportingThe departure date, according to different hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering characteristics, under let out ecological flow mode usually have let out under gate aerial drainage, ecological unit andThe modes such as traffic control.
Gate aerial drainage mainly utilizes existing low lock gate, such as sluice, scouring sluice aerial drainage.But long-term part starting gateAerial drainage has an impact engineering safety.It lets out under ecological unit and is affected to power benefit with being let out under traffic control.In addition, also havingThe scheme of drain tank is disposed under gate, but such scheme, in the case where discharge structure is closed, drain tank is easy siltation.ByIt is let out under ecological flow, the benefit of engineering can be made to incur loss to a certain extent, embodiment party's enthusiasm is not high, and said programIt is artificially controlled, is not easy to the supervision of Environmental protection management department.
Invention content
The method and structure of ecological flow of letting out artificially are not controlled down the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of, so as toIn the supervision of Environmental protection management department, to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of method for letting out ecological flow that artificially do not controlled down of the present invention is that this method is the water conservancy water in reservoirElectrical engineering non-overflow section of dam is set there are one ecological flow drain tank, and the ecological flow drain tank import floor elevation is dead less than reservoirWater level, sluicing groove bottom have downwards certain gradient, the top of ecological flow sluicing channel section to be connected with non-overflow dam crest.
In preceding method, the following cross-sectional area of ecological flow drain tank level of dead water is ecological according to meeting when level of dead waterFlow conveyance capacity, which calculates, to be determined.
In preceding method, the downward gradient of the ecological flow sluicing groove bottom is 1/20 or so；If the gradient is larger, needIn outlet port, stilling pond is set.
The a kind of of the present invention constituted according to the above method is not artificially controlled down that let out the structure of ecological flow be the knotStructure is that the non-overflow section of dam in existing discharge structure side is equipped with ecological flow drain tank.
In aforementioned structure, the ecological flow sluicing groove bottom is the low inclined surface in the high downstream in upstream, and gradient is about1/20。
In aforementioned structure, the upstream edge of the ecological flow sluicing groove bottom is less than hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering level of dead water.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, compared with prior art, the present invention the present invention it is simple for structure, will notSiltation does not set gate, and management is convenient, and the present invention can be widely popularized in the smaller multi-purpose project of low water head, reservoir water level luffingUsing.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Label in attached drawing be：1- ecological flow drain tanks, 2- non-overflow section of dam, the existing discharge structures of 3-.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but not as to any of the present inventionLimitation.
A kind of method for letting out ecological flow that artificially do not controlled down of the present invention is that this method is in hydraulic and hydroelectric engineeringNon-overflow section of dam is set there are one ecological flow drain tank 1, which is less than reservoir stagnant waterPosition, sluicing groove bottom have downwards certain gradient, the top of ecological flow sluicing channel section to be connected with non-overflow dam crest.Ecological flowThe following cross-sectional area of drain tank level of dead water is measured, ecological flow conveyance capacity is met when according to level of dead water and calculates determination.Ecological flowThe downward gradient of drain tank is 1/20 or so；If the gradient is larger, need to stilling pond be set in outlet port.
The a kind of of the present invention formed according to the above method is not artificially controlled down that let out the structure of ecological flow be the knotStructure includes existing discharge structure 3；Ecological flow is equipped on the non-overflow section of dam 2 of 3 side of existing discharge structure to sluiceSlot 1；1 bottom surface of ecological flow drain tank is the low inclined surface in the high downstream in upstream, and gradient is about 1/20.1 ecological flow sluicesThe upstream edge of 1 bottom surface of slot is less than dead water level.
Embodiment
The structure of the present embodiment is suitable for the smaller hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering of low water head, reservoir water level luffing.It is such as Fig. 1 institutesIt shows, is set there are one ecological flow drain tank in hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering non-overflow section of dam, the ecological flow drain tank import bottom plateElevation is less than dead water level, and sluicing groove bottom has downwards certain gradient, the top of ecological flow sluicing channel section to overflow with non-Flow dam crest linking.The following cross-sectional area of ecological flow drain tank level of dead water, meets ecological flow conveyance capacity when according to level of dead waterGained is calculated, ecological flow drain tank section configuration is unlimited.The downward gradient of sluicing groove bottom use 1/20 or so, as the gradient compared withGreatly, can stilling pond be set in outlet port.There are one ecological flows by being set in hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering non-overflow section of dam 2 by the present inventionDrain tank 1, after 3 times locks of discharge structure and engineering operation, flow from reservoir area along ecological flow drain tank bleed downstream, withMeet the ecological flow demand in downstream, method of the invention and structure can not be controlled artificially, and Environmental protection management department is convenient forSupervision.