技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种按介质值班的变电站远动双机互备与无缝切换方法，属于电工技术领域。The invention relates to a substation telecontrol dual-machine mutual backup and seamless switching method which is on duty according to the medium, and belongs to the technical field of electric engineering.
背景技术Background technique
远动机是变电站综合自动化系统中的重要组成部分，它采集变电站间隔层的实时信息上传至各级调度，接收并向间隔层设备转发各级调度下发的遥控、遥调命令。远动机在变电站和调度系统之间起到了承上启下的作用，是变电站实现无人值守的必要条件。为了提高变电站监控系统与调度系统信息交互的可靠性，变电站远动机往往采取双机冗余配置，任一台远动机发生故障，不影响调度通信的正常进行。The telemotor is an important part of the substation integrated automation system. It collects real-time information from the substation bay layer and uploads it to dispatchers at all levels, and receives and forwards remote control and remote adjustment commands issued by dispatchers at all levels to the bay layer equipment. The telemotor plays a connecting role between the substation and the dispatching system, and is a necessary condition for the substation to be unattended. In order to improve the reliability of the information interaction between the substation monitoring system and the dispatching system, the substation remote machine often adopts a dual-machine redundant configuration. If any remote machine fails, it will not affect the normal operation of dispatching communication.
当前，变电站远动机双机冗余配置的运行模式一般存在双主机模式和主备机模式两种。双主机运行模式下，两台远动机各自独立运行，调度为每台远动机分别开辟一路通道，双通道数据的冗余选择在主站进行。如果站内存在总线设备，需另外配置对下通讯的网关机。主备机运行模式下，两台远动机并接相对应总线介质，值班机对外发送和接收报文，备用机仅接收处理报文，不发送报文（除双机交互报文外），双通道数据的冗余选择和删除由子站完成，当主机发生故障后，备用机自动升为值班机。At present, there are generally two operating modes of dual-machine redundant configuration of substation remote machines: dual-master mode and master-standby mode. In the dual-host operation mode, the two remote engines operate independently, and the scheduling opens up a channel for each remote engine, and the redundant selection of dual-channel data is performed at the master station. If there is a bus device in the station, it is necessary to additionally configure a gateway for communication. In the operation mode of master and standby machines, the two remote machines are connected to the corresponding bus medium in parallel. Redundant selection and deletion of channel data is done by substations, and when the main machine fails, the standby machine is automatically upgraded to the duty machine.
主备机运行模式中的远动主备机之间的数据同步机制尤为重要，处理不当易在双机主备切换时发生信号漏发、重发或者遥测突变，从而造成运行人员对电力系统运行状况的误判。文献《基于时间序列的远动通道数据同步方法》（计算机工程与设计，2013年9月，第34卷第9期，第3358页）提出了基于时间序列的同步信息时间窗的远动双机数据同步方法，文献《数据通信网关机的双机切换数据同步方法》（计算机工程与设计，2015年7月，第36卷第7期，第1987页）提出了基于逐点同步机制的远动双机数据同步方法。但上述同步方法均是从值班机向备用机进行的数据同步，且均假设在值班机对间隔层设备通信良好的前提下开展，存在如下问题：The data synchronization mechanism between the telecontrol main and standby machines in the main and standby machine operation mode is particularly important. Improper handling is likely to cause signal leakage, retransmission or telemetry mutation when the two machines are switched between the main and standby machines, which will cause operators to be suspicious of the operation of the power system. misjudgment of the situation. The document "Time-Series-Based Telecontrol Channel Data Synchronization Method" (Computer Engineering and Design, September 2013, Volume 34, No. 9, Page 3358) proposes a telecontrol dual-machine based on time-series synchronization information time window Data synchronization method, the document "Data Synchronization Method for Dual-machine Switching of Data Communication Gateway Machine" (Computer Engineering and Design, July 2015, Volume 36, Issue 7, Page 1987) proposes a telecontrol based on a point-by-point synchronization mechanism Two-machine data synchronization method. However, the above synchronization methods are all data synchronization from the duty machine to the backup machine, and they are all carried out under the premise that the duty machine communicates well with the bay layer equipment, and there are the following problems:
（1）当主备远动机对间隔层设备的通信故障发生在不同通信介质上时，任一远动机切为主机均无法将间隔层数据更新完整，从而造成上送给调度的部分数据不刷新。(1) When the communication failure between the active and standby remote machines to the bay layer equipment occurs on different communication media, any remote machine that becomes the master cannot completely update the bay layer data, resulting in partial data sent to the dispatcher not being refreshed.
（2）远动机主备切换时，调度通道重新连接，为防止全数据误上送，远动机一般会设置一定的延时，待间隔层数据刷新完毕后才上送调度，从而无法实现远动双机的无缝切换。(2) When the master/standby of the remote machine is switched, the scheduling channel is reconnected. In order to prevent the full data from being sent by mistake, the remote machine will generally set a certain delay, and the data will be sent to the scheduling after the interval layer data is refreshed, so that the telecontrol cannot be realized. Seamless switching between two machines.
（3）远动双机中，值班机CPU运行负载较重，备用机CPU运行负载较轻，运行负载的不均衡，不利于设备长期稳定运行。(3) Among the telecontrol dual machines, the CPU of the duty machine has a heavy operating load, and the CPU of the standby machine has a light operating load. The unbalanced operating load is not conducive to the long-term stable operation of the equipment.
上述问题（1）在远动双主机运行模式下依然存在。The above problems (1) still exist in the telecontrol dual-host operation mode.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种按介质值班的变电站远动双机互备与无缝切换方法。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method for mutual backup and seamless switching of substation telecontrol dual-machines on duty according to the medium.
为了达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
一种按介质值班的变电站远动双机互备与无缝切换方法，包括远动双机按介质值班的实现、远动双机的数据同步、远动机值班介质与备用介质的切换控制以及远动双机通信负载的均衡分布；A method for mutual backup and seamless switching of telecontrol dual-machines in substations on duty according to medium, including the realization of telecontrol dual-machine duty according to medium, data synchronization of telecontrol dual-machines, switching control of remote machine on-duty medium and backup medium, and remote control Balanced distribution of communication load between mobile and mobile devices;
远动双机按介质值班的实现，具体如下：The realization of the telecontrol dual-machine on duty according to the medium is as follows:
远动双机各个介质软件模块的功能和权限相同，远动双机上均有部分介质为值班介质；The function and authority of each media software module of the telecontrol dual-machine are the same, and some media on the telecontrol dual-machine are on-duty media;
远动双机的数据同步，具体如下：The data synchronization of the two telecontrol machines is as follows:
对于非平衡式通信过程中，可以直接解析的接收报文，报文中的数据或命令在值班介质和备用介质同时处理，接收的数据直接更新实时数据库，接收的命令完成链路初始化过程；For the unbalanced communication process, the received message can be directly parsed, the data or commands in the message are processed simultaneously on the duty medium and the backup medium, the received data directly updates the real-time database, and the received command completes the link initialization process;
对于平衡式通信过程中，需要根据发送报文内容才能解析接收报文，值班介质在发送的同时也同步发送报文到备用介质，或者由备用介质直接监听值班介质的发送报文，主备介质均可根据发送报文内容对接收报文进行解析；For the balanced communication process, it is necessary to analyze the received message according to the content of the sent message. The on-duty medium also sends the message to the standby medium synchronously while sending, or the standby medium directly monitors the sent message from the on-duty medium. The received message can be analyzed according to the content of the sent message;
远动机值班介质与备用介质的切换控制，具体如下：The switching control between the on-duty medium and the spare medium of the remote engine is as follows:
对于非平衡式通信过程中接收的报文，远动双机同时接收报文，同时进行处理，远动双机根据接收报文的时间，按照时序控制值班介质和非值班介质的切换；For the message received in the unbalanced communication process, the telecontrol dual-machine receives the message at the same time and processes it at the same time. The telecontrol dual-machine controls the switching between the on-duty medium and the non-duty medium according to the timing of receiving the message;
对于平衡式通信过程中接收的报文，值班介质是有发有收，而非值班介质是不发只收，当值班介质在一定的时间内没有接收到有效报文时直接通知其对应的非值班介质进行状态切换；For the messages received in the balanced communication process, the on-duty medium sends and receives them, while the off-duty medium does not send and only receives them. When the on-duty medium does not receive valid messages within a certain period of time, it directly notifies its corresponding non-duty medium. The on-duty medium performs state switching;
远动双机通信负载的均衡分布，具体如下：The balanced distribution of telecontrol two-machine communication load is as follows:
远动双机根据各自的数据有效的设备个数计算自身的安全度，根据远动双机的安全度分配数据有效的设备个数，将数据有效的设备按不同的通信方式平均分布在远动双机的介质上，从而实现远动双机通信负载的均衡分布。The telecontrol dual-machine calculates its own security degree according to the number of devices with valid data, allocates the number of devices with valid data according to the security degree of the telecontrol dual-machine, and evenly distributes the devices with valid data in the telecontrol according to different communication methods On the medium of the two-machine, so as to realize the balanced distribution of the telecontrol two-machine communication load.
值班介质的设置如下：The duty medium is set as follows:
a1、对于需要转出数据的调度介质；a1. For scheduling media that need to transfer out data;
把不需要建立连接就主动发送数据的介质指定为值班介质；Designate the medium that actively sends data without establishing a connection as the on-duty medium;
先接收到连接请求并建立连接的远动机指定介质为值班介质，另一台远动机相对应的介质为备用介质；The remote machine that first receives the connection request and establishes the connection designates the medium as the on-duty medium, and the medium corresponding to the other remote machine is the backup medium;
a2、对于需要接收数据的变电站间隔层或站控层介质，值班介质和备用介质均衡的分布在远动双机上。a2. For the substation bay layer or station control layer media that need to receive data, the on-duty media and backup media are evenly distributed on the telecontrol dual machines.
为了避免远动双机接收的数据重复及冲突，接收的数据产生后分别通过主备介质进入远动双机，非值班介质的重复数据被丢弃。In order to avoid duplication and conflict of data received by the telecontrol dual-machine, the received data enters the telecontrol dual-machine respectively through the main and standby media after being generated, and the duplicate data of the non-duty medium is discarded.
为了避免远动双机接收的命令重复处理而发生冲突，远动双机都可以处理命令，但是同一时间只有一条通道下发。In order to avoid conflicts caused by repeated processing of commands received by the telecontrol dual computers, both telecontrol dual computers can process commands, but only one channel can send them at the same time.
本发明所达到的有益效果：本发明解决了变电站远动双机数据无法互补、双机切换有延时、通信负载不均衡的问题，提高了变电站监控系统与调度系统信息交互的可靠性和实时性，提高系统资源的利用率，具有良好的应用前景。Beneficial effects achieved by the present invention: the present invention solves the problems that the substation telecontrol dual-machine data cannot be complementary, the two-machine switching has delay, and the communication load is unbalanced, and improves the reliability and real-time information interaction between the substation monitoring system and the dispatching system. performance, improve the utilization of system resources, and have a good application prospect.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的流程图。Fig. 1 is a flowchart of the present invention.
图2为同步接收数据的过程。Figure 2 shows the process of receiving data synchronously.
图3为分发命令的过程Figure 3 shows the process of distributing commands
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
如图1所示，一种按介质值班的变电站远动双机互备与无缝切换方法，包括远动双机按介质值班的实现、远动双机的数据同步、远动机值班介质与备用介质的切换控制以及远动双机通信负载的均衡分布。As shown in Figure 1, a method of mutual backup and seamless switching between telecontrol dual-machines in substations on duty according to the medium, including the realization of telecontrol dual-machine duty according to the medium, data synchronization of the telecontrol dual-machines, remote machine on-duty medium and backup Medium switching control and balanced distribution of remote two-machine communication load.
远动双机按介质值班的实现，具体如下：The realization of the telecontrol dual-machine on duty according to the medium is as follows:
远动双机各个介质软件模块的功能和权限相同，远动双机上均有部分介质为值班介质。The function and authority of each media software module of the telecontrol dual-machine are the same, and some media on the telecontrol dual-machine are on-duty media.
值班介质的设置如下：The duty medium is set as follows:
a1、对于需要转出数据的调度介质；a1. For scheduling media that need to transfer out data;
把不需要建立连接就主动发送数据的介质指定为值班介质；Designate the medium that actively sends data without establishing a connection as the on-duty medium;
先接收到连接请求并建立连接的远动机指定介质为值班介质，另一台远动机相对应的介质为备用介质；The remote machine that first receives the connection request and establishes the connection designates the medium as the on-duty medium, and the medium corresponding to the other remote machine is the backup medium;
a2、对于需要接收数据的变电站间隔层或站控层介质，值班介质和备用介质均衡的分布在远动双机上。a2. For the substation bay layer or station control layer media that need to receive data, the on-duty media and backup media are evenly distributed on the telecontrol dual machines.
远动双机的数据同步，具体如下：The data synchronization of the two telecontrol machines is as follows:
远动双机对外的通信介质有串口、CAN网和以太网口等，通信过程方式可分为平衡式和非平衡式两种。根据通信规约的格式不同，两种通信过程方式的具体差异体现在接收的报文是否可以直接解析。对于非平衡式通信过程，接收的报文是可以直接解析。对于平衡式却存在两种情况，一种接收的报文是可以直接解析，另一种需要根据发送报文内容才能解析接收报文。The external communication media of the telecontrol dual-machine include serial port, CAN network and Ethernet port, etc. The communication process mode can be divided into two types: balanced type and unbalanced type. According to the format of the communication protocol, the specific difference between the two communication process methods is reflected in whether the received message can be directly parsed. For the unbalanced communication process, the received message can be directly parsed. For the balanced type, there are two situations. One kind of received message can be directly parsed, and the other needs to parse the received message according to the content of the sent message.
对于非平衡式通信过程中，可以直接解析的接收报文，报文中的数据或命令在值班介质和备用介质同时处理，接收的数据直接更新实时数据库，接收的命令完成链路初始化过程。For the unbalanced communication process, the received message can be directly parsed, the data or commands in the message are processed simultaneously on the duty medium and the backup medium, the received data directly updates the real-time database, and the received command completes the link initialization process.
对于平衡式通信过程中，需要根据发送报文内容才能解析接收报文，值班介质在发送的同时也同步发送报文到备用介质，或者由备用介质直接监听值班介质的发送报文，主备介质均可根据发送报文内容对接收报文进行解析。For the balanced communication process, it is necessary to analyze the received message according to the content of the sent message. The on-duty medium also sends the message to the standby medium synchronously while sending, or the standby medium directly monitors the sent message from the on-duty medium. The received message can be analyzed according to the content of the sent message.
通过对接收的报文进行实时监听并正确解析，更新实时数据库，可以实现远动双机的完整数据同步。By monitoring the received messages in real time and analyzing them correctly, and updating the real-time database, the complete data synchronization of the two telecontrol machines can be realized.
为了避免远动双机接收的数据重复及冲突，采用如图2所示的同步处理机制，图中由上至下表示数据流的流向，接收的数据产生后分别通过主备介质进入远动双机，经过同步机制处理后发送到调度，非值班介质的重复数据被丢弃，值班介质的有效数据在远动双机同步更新和发送，出现故障时，值班介质的切换只是有效数据的切换而不会对外部通信造成影响。In order to avoid duplication and conflict of data received by the telecontrol dual-machine, the synchronous processing mechanism shown in Figure 2 is adopted. The flow direction of the data flow is shown from top to bottom in the figure. After being processed by the synchronization mechanism, it is sent to the dispatcher. The duplicate data of the off-duty medium is discarded, and the effective data of the on-duty medium is updated and sent synchronously on the telecontrol dual-machine. Can affect external communications.
为了避免远动双机接收的命令重复处理而发生冲突，采用如图3所示的分发处理机制，图中由上至下表示命令流的流向，命令下发后经值班介质进入远动双机中的一台，经过分发机制处理后发送到被控制设备，远动双机都可以处理命令，但是同一时间只有一条通道下发，可以保证命令的唯一性。In order to avoid conflicts caused by repeated processing of commands received by the telecontrol dual-machine, the distribution processing mechanism shown in Figure 3 is adopted. The flow direction of the command flow is shown from top to bottom in the figure. After the command is issued, it enters the telecontrol dual-machine through the on-duty medium One of them is sent to the controlled device after being processed by the distribution mechanism. Both telecontrol machines can process commands, but only one channel sends them at the same time, which can ensure the uniqueness of commands.
远动机值班介质与备用介质的切换控制，具体如下：The switching control between the on-duty medium and the spare medium of the remote engine is as follows:
对于不同的通信方式，远动双机可以根据通信介质的特点分类对通信过程进行控制。For different communication methods, the telecontrol dual-machine can classify and control the communication process according to the characteristics of the communication medium.
对于非平衡式通信过程中接收的报文，远动双机同时接收报文，同时进行处理，远动双机根据接收报文的时间，按照时序控制值班介质和非值班介质的切换。For the message received in the unbalanced communication process, the telecontrol dual-machine receives the message at the same time and processes it at the same time. The telecontrol dual-machine controls the switching between the on-duty medium and the non-duty medium according to the time of receiving the message.
对于平衡式通信过程中接收的报文，值班介质是有发有收，而非值班介质是不发只收，当值班介质在一定的时间内没有接收到有效报文时直接通知其对应的非值班介质进行状态切换。由于非值班介质已经处理了先前接收的报文，并正确解析完成链路初始化过程，正在对接收的命令进行实时监听，其数据处于热备用状态，值班介质的切换只是命令下发通道的切换而不会对外部通信造成影响，从而实现远动双机的通信链路无缝切换。For the messages received in the balanced communication process, the on-duty medium sends and receives them, while the off-duty medium does not send and only receives them. When the on-duty medium does not receive valid messages within a certain period of time, it directly notifies its corresponding non-duty medium. The on-duty medium performs state switching. Since the non-duty medium has processed the previously received message and correctly parsed and completed the link initialization process, it is monitoring the received command in real time, and its data is in a hot standby state. The switching of the on-duty medium is only the switching of the command issuing channel. It will not affect the external communication, so as to realize the seamless switching of the communication link between the two telecontrol machines.
远动双机通信负载的均衡分布，具体如下：The balanced distribution of telecontrol two-machine communication load is as follows:
远动双机根据各自的数据有效的设备个数计算自身的安全度，根据远动双机的安全度分配数据有效的设备个数，将数据有效的设备按不同的通信方式平均分布在远动双机的介质上，从而实现远动双机通信负载的均衡分布。The telecontrol dual-machine calculates its own security degree according to the number of devices with valid data, allocates the number of devices with valid data according to the security degree of the telecontrol dual-machine, and evenly distributes the devices with valid data in the telecontrol according to different communication methods On the medium of the two-machine, so as to realize the balanced distribution of the telecontrol two-machine communication load.
上述方法中每个介质的值班或备用状态与其所在的远动机的值班或备用状态无关，各自独立，每台远动机都将本机所有值班介质的实时数据向另一台远动机同步，备用介质对通信数据进行实时监听，当值班介质或其所在远动机发生故障时，主备介质无缝切换，值班介质在两台远动机中均衡分布，双机通信负载率相当。In the above method, the on-duty or standby state of each medium has nothing to do with the on-duty or standby state of the remote machine where it is located, and is independent of each other. Each remote machine synchronizes the real-time data of all the on-duty media of the machine to another remote machine, and the standby medium Real-time monitoring of communication data, when the on-duty medium or the remote machine where it is located fails, the active and standby mediums are switched seamlessly, the duty medium is evenly distributed in the two remote machines, and the communication load rate of the two machines is equal.
上述过程均通过配置文件控制通信软件的逻辑实现，经过这些软件逻辑的处理，远动双机就可以实时保持数据同步，并在需要值班介质切换时减少数据丢失和通信中断的风险，通过负载均衡分布提高系统资源的利用率，大大提高了变电站监控系统与调度系统信息交互的可靠性和实时性，具有良好的应用前景。The above process is realized through the logic of the configuration file to control the communication software. After the processing of these software logics, the telecontrol dual-machine can maintain data synchronization in real time, and reduce the risk of data loss and communication interruption when on-duty medium switching is required. Through load balancing Distribution improves the utilization rate of system resources, greatly improves the reliability and real-time performance of information interaction between substation monitoring system and dispatching system, and has a good application prospect.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变形，这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610530710.4ACN106130183B (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2016-07-06 | A kind of mutual standby and seamless handover method of the substation telemechanical two-shipper on duty by medium |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610530710.4ACN106130183B (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2016-07-06 | A kind of mutual standby and seamless handover method of the substation telemechanical two-shipper on duty by medium |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106130183A CN106130183A (en) | 2016-11-16 |
| CN106130183Btrue CN106130183B (en) | 2018-07-10 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610530710.4AActiveCN106130183B (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2016-07-06 | A kind of mutual standby and seamless handover method of the substation telemechanical two-shipper on duty by medium |
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