The lithium ion chargeable battery charging control circuit of complex optimumTechnical field
The present invention relates to the charge control technology of lithium ion chargeable battery, especially a kind of lithium ion of complex optimum canRechargeable battery charging control circuit.By complex optimum, the present invention advantageously accounts for following technical problem: 1. simplify and uniformly haveBattery detachment function and charging complete without battery detachment function detect and control logic.2. simplifying and unified resistive pressure drop being mendedRepay, charging complete detection, bad battery and without battery retract maintain control logic.3. the overtime timing that solves to charge is by load bridging shadowLoud problem.4. solving the problems, such as that the frequent charge and discharge of hiccup intermittent charge and full level are random.
Background technique
Lithium ion chargeable battery, including being main functional material with cobalt acid lithium, what difference charging object and electrode coatedA variety of lithium ion chargeable batteries, for example, graphite electrode, dry carbon electrode, ternary electrode, polymer filling and solid content fillingA variety of lithium ion chargeable batteries.This group of battery is suitble to constant-current constant-voltage charging, can lead under long-term additional maximum charging voltageQuick aging.In terms of charge control, there is following technology, such as: 1, constant-current constant-voltage charging and the technology being detached from full of rear battery,Charging complete recharges voltage and charging current drops to the certain proportion of maximum current to reach, when charging time-out is always to chargeBetween count 5 hours, including the resistive voltage-drop compensation in manual control path has bad battery detecting.2, constant-current constant-voltage charging and hiccup intervalThe technology of charging, charging complete recharge voltage and charging current drops to the certain proportion of maximum current to reach, and charging is superWhen 10 hours in terms of total charging time, no resistive voltage-drop compensation in path keeps output when no battery.3, it constant-current constant-voltage charging and beatsIt belches intermittent charge, charging complete is to reach maximum charging voltage and charging current drops to the certain proportion of maximum current, thenTiming is counted to time-out, and for charging time-out in terms of total charging time, duration is adjustable, can stop timing, no resistive voltage-drop compensation in path, nothingIt keeps directly exporting when battery.4, constant-current constant-voltage charging and hiccup intermittent charge, charging complete with reach maximum charging voltage andCharging current drops to the certain proportion of maximum current, and charging time-out is in terms of total charging time, no resistive voltage-drop compensation in path, nothingOutput is kept when battery.The shortcomings that prior art is: 1. circuits are complicated, some functions still need to manual intervention, such as path is resistiveVoltage-drop compensation needs external start completion；Bad battery/complicated without battery detecting movement；Whether there is or not batteries to be detached from the circuit of switch notTogether.2. intermittent charge continuous charge and discharge when the tempus intercalare system power that charges is big of having the hiccups, unfavorable to battery life.3. overtime timingIt is unreasonable, it can not safely take into account load bridging influence.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in view of the deficiencies in the prior art or insufficient, provides a kind of Li-ion rechargeable electricity of complex optimumPond charging control circuit.By complex optimum, the present invention advantageously accounts for following technical problem: 1. simplify and uniformly have battery de-From function and the charging complete without battery detachment function detects and controls logic.2. simplified and unified resistive voltage-drop compensation, chargingIt completes detection, bad battery and retracts without cell voltage to maintain control logic.3. solve the overtime timing of charging is influenced by load bridgingThe problem of.4. solving the problems, such as that the frequent charge and discharge of hiccup intermittent charge and full level are random.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
The lithium ion chargeable battery charging control circuit of complex optimum, the charging voltage including connecting amplifier outControl circuit, and connection comparator output terminal floating charge/recharge road, which is characterized in that the amplifier first input endMaximum charging voltage end, rollback voltage end and resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage end, the amplifier are separately connected by optional switchSecond input terminal connects battery-end and obtains battery terminal voltage, and the comparator first input end connects float charge voltage threshold value end, instituteIt states the connection of the second input terminal of comparator and recharges pressure threshold value end, the comparator intermediate ends connect the battery-end.
The optional switch includes the maximum charging voltage switch for being set to the maximum charging voltage end, is set to describedThe resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage switch of resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage end, and be set to the rollback voltage of the rollback voltage end and openIt closes.
The amplifier is that charging voltage controls amplifier.
The comparator is floating charge/fill detection hysteresis loop comparator again, using the uplink threshold value of hysteresis as floating charge conditionDetection is compared.
Second input terminal of amplifier and the comparator intermediate ends connect into first node, the first node connectionBattery-end obtains battery terminal voltage.
Resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage setting value is higher than maximum charging voltage setting value, rollback voltage setting value by a certain percentageIt is lower than maximum charging voltage setting value by a certain percentage.
Float charge voltage threshold value is lower than maximum charging voltage setting value by a certain percentage, and it is low by a certain percentage to recharge pressure threshold valueIn float charge voltage threshold value, pressure threshold value is recharged lower than rollback voltage setting value.
Resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage, maximum charging voltage, rollback voltage, float charge voltage threshold value, and pressure threshold value is recharged,It is sequentially obtained from a divider resistance string, guarantees mutual size relationship to facilitate.
Charging control logic include: 1. cell voltage be more than float charge voltage after start to charge overtime timing and start monitor fillThe variation of electric current；2. reducing when reporting charging complete when because of time-out or charging current, trial is reduced to back charging voltageMove back voltage Vf；Cell voltage is checked after being slightly delayed；If cell voltage reports charging complete not less than voltage Vre is rechargedState；If cell voltage, which is lower than, recharges voltage Vre:a) if be not in the resistive voltage-drop compensation in path at that time, it improvesCharging voltage is to resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage Vc；This is because charging voltage increases, charging current can be increased beyond charging completeElectric current starts to compensate charging using Vc as charging voltage；If b) be in the resistive voltage-drop compensation in path, maintain to returnVoltage output is moved back, reports bad battery or without battery exception；3. report charging complete after or report bad battery or without battery after, such asStill there is cell voltage lower than Vre or when charger is reset because input voltage is low in fruit, cancels the resistive voltage-drop compensation in pathIn label, charging cycle can be again introduced into.
The charging control logic is unrelated with using battery disengaging or non-battery disengaging, does not also enter into hiccup interval and fillsElectricity.
The technology of the present invention effect is as follows: the lithium ion chargeable battery charging control circuit of complex optimum of the present invention has such asLower feature, 1., using charging output voltage is reduced by a small margin after detecting charging complete, simultaneously or partially realize bad battery and nothingBattery detecting；Whether path resistive voltage-drop compensation is needed；The circuit and control logic that voltage rollback maintains.2. using increasing by oneClose to the threshold value of maximum charging voltage, is either still utilized using the detection of individual comparator and recharge voltage detection comparatorOverturning hysteresis detection, as floating charge state confirm condition, and with floating charge state confirmation as overtime timing starting point circuitAnd control logic.Compared with prior art the advantages of is: 1., which simply and are simultaneously suitable for battery, is detached from, and voltage retracts between hiccupIt has a rest the control of charging.2. overtime timing of charging is reasonable, not by load effect.Cell voltage is more than that float charge voltage means charging electricityStream can make battery close to being full of, and charging current can decline because of voltage close to full of voltage quickly.All due to charging currentIt is to be arranged in proportion according to battery capacity, it is one that either much batteries, which begin to decline the time to charging complete from its electric current,It causes.It utilizes more than float charge voltage and starts overtime timing, the uncertain only time by beginning to decline from float charge voltage to electric currentIt determines, it is more reasonable than total charging time, stringent.3. not playing the frequent repetition of intermittent charge and asking for uncertain full levelTopic.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the lithium ion chargeable battery charging control circuit schematic diagram of complex optimum.
Appended drawing reference lists as follows: 1- charging voltage control circuit；2- floating charge/recharge road；3- amplifier out；4-The high input terminal of amplifier or amplifier first input end or amplifier anode input terminal (+)；The low input terminal of 5- amplifier or amplificationDevice the second input amplifier negative input (-)；6- first node；7- battery-end；The high input terminal of 8- comparator or comparatorFirst input end or comparator electrode input end (+)；9- comparator output terminal；The low input terminal of 10- comparator or comparator secondInput terminal or comparator negative input (-)；11- comparator intermediate ends or comparator third input terminal；12- rollback voltage is openedIt closes；13- maximum charging voltage switch；The resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage switch of 14-；A- amplifier (charging voltage control amplifier)；C- comparator (floating charge/fill detection hysteresis loop comparator again)；The resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage end of Vc- or the setting of resistive voltage-drop compensation voltageValue；VM- maximum charging voltage end or maximum charging voltage setting value；Vf- rollback voltage end or rollback voltage setting value；Vflt-Float charge voltage threshold value or float charge voltage threshold value end；Vre- recharges pressure threshold value or recharges pressure threshold value end.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing (Fig. 1) the present invention will be described.
It is described as follows about technical term of the present invention: lithium ion chargeable battery: including being main with cobalt acid lithiumFunctional material, a variety of lithium ion chargeable batteries of difference charging object and electrode coating, such as graphite electrode, dry carbon electricityA variety of lithium ion chargeable batteries that pole, ternary electrode, polymer filling and solid content fill.This group of battery is suitble to constant current constant voltageCharging can lead to quick aging under additional maximum charging voltage for a long time.
Maximum charging voltage: what comprehensive battery capacity utilization rate and aging speed determined, allow battery that can be charged to mostHigh voltage.
Floating charge and float charge voltage: i.e. cell voltage has reached maximum charging voltage, still keeps the company with external charging power supplyIt connects.Since the internal resistance of cell and charging current generate resistive pressure drop, the pressure difference on inside battery active electrode has just reached most in chargingThe voltage seen from external terminal is less than when big charging voltage.Voltage during floating charge on internal active electrode gradually onIt rises and close to terminal voltage, the practical charging voltage for obtaining battery moves closer to maximum charging voltage.But since lithium battery is longPhase, which is under additional maximum charging voltage, causes quick aging, needs to limit the duration of floating charge.
Battery is detached from and voltage retracts and maintains: be detached from it with load and charge power supply,It is detached from the state, that is, battery kept is stood.After charging complete external charging power supply reduce output voltage (but not from battery inhaleEnter electric current), it keeps connection, that is, voltage to battery and load to retract and maintains.Either battery is detached from or voltage retracts and maintains,Its purpose be all avoid being chronically at battery under applied voltage causing aging, and when there is external charging power supply it is as sharp as possibleThe charge and discharge aging of battery is reduced with external power supply.
It realizes that battery is detached to need to be inserted into a controlled electronic switch, the electronic switch between battery and system loadIncrease energy loss and improves material cost simultaneously；It can accomplish that battery is thoroughly detached from and battery standing is made to be maintained at highest simultaneouslyUnder charging voltage, it is more suitable for the long-term spare situation of battery and is connected to the feelings of external power supply similar to the frequent time of laptopCondition.
Voltage retract cell voltage when maintaining drop to can safely for a long time additional voltage, have lost about 3%~5% using capacity；This mode neither increases cost nor increases energy loss, is more suitable for the individual commonly using batteryMobile device.
It recharges: in the case that charge power supply is always maintained at connection, because of outside control triggering or cell voltage decline touchingHair is again started up the process of charging.
Hiccup intermittent charge: battery stops output full of rear charge power supply, keeps the power supply to load by battery.Work as loadAfter continuous drain makes cell voltage drop to certain limit, it is again switched on the charging control logic that charge power supply charges to battery.
This control is suitble to often be in the application of low-power consumption standby, such as wireless phone and functional telephone after charging.ForThe application often to work when filling, since cell voltage decline causes charge and discharge frequent fastly, being both unfavorable for battery life can not be protectedCard is often in full state.
Charging complete: judge to stop charging after battery has been filled with the degree of design requirement according to certain principles.ForFor Li-Ion rechargeable battery, judging that battery has been filled with design requirement includes 3 criterions: 1. cell voltages are close to or up to mostHigh charge voltage.2. charging current when charging is maintained to decline to a certain extent using maximum charging voltage as constant pressure.3. with higherVoltage maintains the time of charging to reach certain limit.
Resistive voltage-drop compensation: keep battery effectively electric in charging including the resistance on the internal resistance of cell and external charge pathThe voltage of interpolar is lower than additional voltage, and the pressure difference, that is, resistive pressure drop of the two is by the resistance in charging current and path at that timeProduct determines.With the aging of battery, the practical charging voltage that internal resistance of cell increase obtains battery declines.According to charging circuitThe size of resistive pressure drop on diameter properly increases the i.e. resistive voltage-drop compensation of additional charging voltage.
Charging time-out: lithium ion chargeable battery is in for a long time plus charging voltage can cause cell degradation to be accelerated.ChargingA kind of common features of control logic are to limit the duration of charging, i.e., no matter whether battery fills with, and charges every timeTime of the duration no more than limitation.
Load bridging influences: from economy, the fan-out capability of most of charge power supplies cannot guarantee charging electricity simultaneouslyStream and load current.The output current capacity of charger, which is supported, during the charging process point walks part, so that charging circuit is notThe case where capable of working by design current, that is, load bridging influences.If load bridging influences greatly, the time-out that charges limitation may make electricityPond can not be full of.
Fig. 1 is the lithium ion chargeable battery charging control circuit schematic diagram of complex optimum.As shown in Figure 1, complex optimumLithium ion chargeable battery charging control circuit, including connect amplifier out 3 charging voltage control circuit 1, andThe floating charge of connection comparator output terminal 9/recharge road 2, the amplifier first input end 4 is separately connected most by optional switchBig charging voltage end VM, rollback voltage end Vf and resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage end Vc, second input terminal of amplifier 5 connect electricityPond end 7 obtains battery terminal voltage, and the comparator first input end 8 connects float charge voltage threshold value end Vflt, the comparator theThe connection of two input terminals 10 recharges pressure threshold value end Vre, and the comparator intermediate ends 11 connect the battery-end 7.It is described optional to openClosing includes the maximum charging voltage switch 13 for being set to the maximum charging voltage end VM, is set to the resistive voltage-drop compensation electricityThe resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage switch 14 of pressure side Vc, and it is set to the rollback voltage switch 12 of the rollback voltage end Vf.InstituteStating amplifier A is that charging voltage controls amplifier.The comparator C is floating charge/fill detection hysteresis loop comparator again, utilizes hysteresisUplink threshold value compares as the detection of floating charge condition.Second input terminal of amplifier 5 is connect with the comparator intermediate ends 11At first node 6, the first node 6 connects battery-end 7 and obtains battery terminal voltage.Resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage setting value Vc is pressedCertain proportion is higher than maximum charging voltage setting value VM, and rollback voltage setting value Vf is set lower than maximum charging voltage by a certain percentageDefinite value VM.Float charge voltage threshold value Vflt is lower than maximum charging voltage setting value VM by a certain percentage, recharges pressure threshold value Vre by oneCertainty ratio is lower than float charge voltage threshold value Vflt, recharges pressure threshold value Vre lower than rollback voltage setting value Vf.Resistive voltage-drop compensation electricityVc, maximum charging voltage VM, rollback voltage Vf, float charge voltage threshold value Vflt are pressed, and recharges pressure threshold value Vre, from oneIt is sequentially obtained on divider resistance string, guarantees mutual size relationship to facilitate.
Charging control logic include: 1. cell voltage be more than float charge voltage after start to charge overtime timing and start monitor fillThe variation of electric current；2. reducing when reporting charging complete when because of time-out or charging current, trial is reduced to back charging voltageMove back voltage Vf；Cell voltage is checked after being slightly delayed；If cell voltage reports charging complete not less than voltage Vre is rechargedState；If cell voltage, which is lower than, recharges voltage Vre:a) if be not in the resistive voltage-drop compensation in path at that time, it improvesCharging voltage is to resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage Vc；This is because charging voltage increases, charging current can be increased beyond charging completeElectric current starts to compensate charging using Vc as charging voltage；If b) be in the resistive voltage-drop compensation in path, maintain to returnVoltage output is moved back, reports bad battery or without battery exception；3. report charging complete after or report bad battery or without battery after, such asStill there is cell voltage lower than Vre or when charger is reset because input voltage is low in fruit, cancels the resistive voltage-drop compensation in pathIn label, charging cycle can be again introduced into.The charging control logic is detached from still non-battery disengaging nothing with using batteryIt closes, does not also enter into hiccup intermittent charge.
Fig. 1 mainly shows the circuit of the present invention part different from existing typical circuit.Wherein output voltage control amplifier AIncrease two optional output voltages of Vc and Vf, floating charge/fill comparator C again using the uplink threshold value of its hysteresis as floating charge conditionDetection compare.The meaning of Vc, VM, Vf, Vflt and Vre have been described.These voltages sequence from a divider resistance stringIt obtains, can facilitate and guarantee mutual size relationship.
It is hereby stated that described above facilitate those skilled in the art understand that the invention, but not limit the present inventionThe protection scope of creation.Any equivalent replacement described above, modification are improved without disengaging the invention substantive contentAnd/or delete numerous conform to the principle of simplicity and the implementation that carries out, each fall within the protection scope of the invention.