The lithium ion chargeable battery charging control circuit of complex optimumTechnical field
The present invention relates to the charging control technology of lithium ion chargeable battery, the lithium ion of a kind of complex optimum canRechargeable battery charging control circuit.By complex optimum, the present invention advantageously accounts for techniques below problem: 1. simplify and unification hasBattery detachment function and the charging complete without battery detachment function detect and control logic.2. simplify and unified resistive pressure drop is mendedRepay, charging complete detection, bad battery and without battery rollback maintain control logic.3. solve charging time-out timing by load bridging shadowThe problem rung.4. solve the have the hiccups frequent charge and discharge of intermittent charge and the problem that full level is random.
Background technology
Lithium ion chargeable battery, including with cobalt acid lithium for major function material, different charging things and electrode coatCarbon electrode multiple lithium ion chargeable battery, such as graphite electrode, dry, ternary electrode, polymer filling and solid content fillingMultiple lithium ion chargeable battery.This Battery pack is suitable for constant-current constant-voltage charging, may result under long-term additional maximum charging voltageQuick aging.In terms of charging control, there is techniques below, such as: 1, the technology that constant-current constant-voltage charging and full rear battery depart from,Charging complete is to reach to recharge voltage and charging current drops to the certain proportion of maximum current, when charging time-out is always to chargeBetween count 5 hours, including the resistive voltage-drop compensation in Artificial Control path, have bad battery detecting.2, constant-current constant-voltage charging and interval of having the hiccupsThe technology of charging, charging complete is to reach to recharge voltage and charging current drops to the certain proportion of maximum current, and charging is superTime in terms of total charging time 10 hours, without the resistive voltage-drop compensation in path, without keeping output during battery.3, constant-current constant-voltage charging and beatingBelch intermittent charge, charging complete is to reach maximum charging voltage and charging current drops to the certain proportion of maximum current, thenTiming is to time-out meter, and charging time-out is in terms of total charging time, and duration is adjustable, can stop timing, without the resistive voltage-drop compensation in path, nothingDirectly output is kept during battery.4, constant-current constant-voltage charging and intermittent charge of having the hiccups, charging complete with reach maximum charging voltage andCharging current drops to the certain proportion of maximum current, and charging time-out is in terms of total charging time, without the resistive voltage-drop compensation in path, nothingOutput is kept during battery.The shortcoming of prior art is: 1. circuit is complicated, and some function still needs to manual intervention, and such as path is resistiveVoltage-drop compensation needs outside startup；Bad battery/complicated without battery detecting action；The circuit of switch is departed from not with or without batteryWith.2. have the hiccups intermittent charge continuous charge and discharge when charging room off period system power is big, unfavorable to battery life.3. time-out timingUnreasonable, it is impossible to take into account load bridging impact safely.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to defect or deficiency present in prior art, it is provided that the Li-ion rechargeable electricity of a kind of complex optimumPond charging control circuit.By complex optimum, the present invention advantageously accounts for techniques below problem: 1. simplify and unification has battery to take offCharging complete from function with without battery detachment function detects and controls logic.2. simplify and unified resistive voltage-drop compensation, chargingComplete detection, bad battery and maintain control logic without cell voltage rollback.3. solve charging time-out timing to be affected by load bridgingProblem.4. solve the have the hiccups frequent charge and discharge of intermittent charge and the problem that full level is random.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
The lithium ion chargeable battery charging control circuit of complex optimum, including the charging voltage connecting amplifier outControl circuit, and the floating charge of connection comparator output terminal/recharge road, it is characterised in that described amplifier first input endMaximum charging voltage end, rollback voltage end and resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage end, described amplifier is connected respectively by optional switchSecond input connects battery-end and obtains battery terminal voltage, and described comparator first input end connects float charge voltage threshold value end, instituteStating the connection of comparator the second input and recharge pressure threshold value end, described comparator intermediate ends connects described battery-end.
Described optional switch includes the maximum charging voltage switch being arranged at described maximum charging voltage end, is arranged at describedThe resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage switch of resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage end, and the rollback voltage being arranged at described rollback voltage end opensClose.
Described amplifier is that charging voltage controls amplifier.
Described comparator is floating charge/fill detection hysteresis loop comparator again, utilizes the up threshold value of hysteresis as floating charge conditionDetection is compared.
Described amplifier the second input and described comparator intermediate ends connect into primary nodal point, and described primary nodal point connectsBattery-end obtains battery terminal voltage.
Resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage setting value is by a certain percentage higher than maximum charging voltage setting value, rollback voltage setting valueBy a certain percentage less than maximum charging voltage setting value.
Float charge voltage threshold value, by a certain percentage less than maximum charging voltage setting value, recharges pressure threshold value the lowestIn float charge voltage threshold value, recharge pressure threshold value less than rollback voltage setting value.
Resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage, maximum charging voltage, rollback voltage, float charge voltage threshold value, and recharge pressure threshold value,All from a divider resistance string, order obtains, and ensures mutual size relation to facilitate.
Charging control logic includes: starts to charge up time-out timing after 1. cell voltage exceedes float charge voltage and starts monitoring and fillThe change of electricity electric current；2., when reducing report charging complete because of time-out or charging current, attempt charging voltage to be reduced to backMove back voltage Vf；Cell voltage is checked after slightly making time delay；If cell voltage is not less than recharges voltage Vre, report charging completeState；If cell voltage is less than recharging voltage Vre:a) if be not at that time in the resistive voltage-drop compensation in path, improveCharging voltage is to resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage Vc；This is that charging current can be increased beyond charging complete owing to charging voltage raisesElectric current, starts to compensate charging using Vc as charging voltage；If b) be in the resistive voltage-drop compensation in path, maintain to returnMove back voltage output, report bad battery or abnormal without battery；3. report charging complete after or report bad battery or without battery after, asFruit still occurs in that cell voltage is less than Vre, or when charger is reset because input voltage is low, cancels the resistive voltage-drop compensation in pathIn labelling, charging cycle can be again introduced into.
Described charging control logic departs from unrelated with using battery disengaging or non-battery, also not entering into interval of having the hiccups and fillingElectricity.
The technology of the present invention effect is as follows: the lithium ion chargeable battery charging control circuit of complex optimum of the present invention have asLower feature, 1. utilizes and reduces charging output voltage after charging complete being detected by a small margin, simultaneously or partially realize bad battery and nothingBattery detecting；The need of the resistive voltage-drop compensation in path；The circuit that voltage rollback maintains and control logic.2. utilize and increase by oneClose to the threshold value of maximum charging voltage, either use the detection of single comparator or utilization recharges voltage detection comparatorThe detection of upset hysteresis, confirm condition as floating charge state, and confirm the circuit of starting point as time-out timing with floating charge stateWith control logic.Advantage compared with prior art is: 1. simple and be simultaneously suitable for battery and depart from, voltage rollback and between having the hiccupsHave a rest charging control.2. charging time-out timing is reasonable, not by load effect.Cell voltage exceedes float charge voltage and means charged electricalStream can make battery close to being full of, and charging current quickly can decline close to full voltage because of voltage.Due to charging current allArranging in proportion according to battery capacity, the time that the most much batteries begin to decline charging complete from its electric current is oneCause.Utilize more than float charge voltage and start time-out timing, uncertain only by the time begun to decline from float charge voltage to electric currentDetermine, more reasonable than total charging time, strict.3. do not play frequently repeating of an intermittent charge and asking of uncertain full levelTopic.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the lithium ion chargeable battery charging control circuit schematic diagram of complex optimum.
Reference lists as follows: 1-charging voltage control circuit；2-floating charge/recharge road；3-amplifier out；4-Amplifier height input or amplifier first input end or amplifier anode input (+)；The low input of 5-amplifier or amplificationDevice the second input amplifier negative input (-)；6-primary nodal point；7-battery-end；8-comparator height input or comparatorFirst input end or comparator electrode input end (+)；9-comparator output terminal；The low input of 10-comparator or comparator secondInput or comparator negative input (-)；11-comparator intermediate ends or comparator the 3rd input；12-rollback voltage is openedClose；13-maximum charging voltage switchs；14-resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage switch；A-amplifier (charging voltage control amplifier)；C-comparator (floating charge/fill detection hysteresis loop comparator again)；Vc-resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage end or resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage setValue；VM-maximum charging voltage end or maximum charging voltage setting value；Vf-rollback voltage end or rollback voltage setting value；Vflt-Float charge voltage threshold value or float charge voltage threshold value end；Vre-recharges pressure threshold value or recharges pressure threshold value end.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings (Fig. 1) the present invention will be described.
Be described as follows about the technical term that the present invention relates to: lithium ion chargeable battery: include with cobalt acid lithium be mainFunctional material, different charging things and the multiple lithium ion chargeable battery of electrode coating, carbon such as graphite electrode, dry electricityThe multiple lithium ion chargeable battery of pole, ternary electrode, polymer filling and solid content filling.This Battery pack is suitable for constant current constant voltageCharging, may result in quick aging under long-term additional maximum charging voltage.
Maximum charging voltage: comprehensive battery capacity utilization rate and aging speed determine, it is allowed to battery can be charged toHigh voltage.
Floating charge and float charge voltage: i.e. cell voltage has reached maximum charging voltage, still keeps and the company of external charging power supplyConnect.Owing to the internal resistance of cell and charging current produce resistive pressure drop, the pressure reduction on inside battery active electrode has just reached in chargingThe voltage seen from outside terminal it is less than during big charging voltage.During floating charge, the voltage on internal active electrode is gradually gone upRising and close to terminal voltage, the actual charging voltage making battery obtain moves closer to maximum charging voltage.But owing to lithium battery is longPhase is under additional maximum charging voltage and causes quick aging, needs to limit the persistent period of floating charge.
Battery departs from and voltage rollback maintains: after lithium ion battery charging complete, make itself and load and charge power supply depart from,It is in and stands the state i.e. battery disengaging kept.After charging complete external charging power supply reduce output voltage (but not from battery inhaleEnter electric current), keep the i.e. voltage rollback of connection to battery and load to maintain.Either battery departs from or voltage rollback maintains,Its purpose be all avoid making battery be chronically at cause under applied voltage aging and the most sharp when there being external charging power supplyAging with the charge and discharge reducing battery with external power source.
Realize battery and depart from needs one controlled electrical switch of insertion, this electrical switch between battery and system loadIncrease energy loss and improve material cost simultaneously；It can accomplish that battery thoroughly departs from and to make battery standing be maintained at the highest simultaneouslyUnder charging voltage, it is more suitable for the most standby situation of battery and is connected to the feelings of external power source with the frequent time of similar notebook computerCondition.
Voltage rollback maintain time cell voltage drop to can be the most additional voltage, have lost about 3%～The available capacity of 5%；This mode neither increases cost and does not the most increase energy loss, is more suitable for the individual of commonly used batteryMobile device.
Recharge: in the case of charge power supply is always maintained at connecting, touch because external control triggering or cell voltage declineSend out the process being again started up charging.
Have the hiccups intermittent charge: after battery is full of, charge power supply stops output, battery keep the power supply to load.Work as loadAfter continuous drain makes cell voltage drop to certain limit, it is again switched on the charging control logic that battery is charged by charge power supply.
This control is often in the application of low-power consumption standby, such as wireless phone and functional telephone after being suitable for charging.ForOften fill while the application that work, cause charge and discharge frequently soon owing to cell voltage declines, be both unfavorable for that battery life can not be protectedCard is often in full state.
Charging complete: i.e. judge that battery stops charging after having been filled with the degree that design requires according to some principle.ForFor Li-Ion rechargeable battery, it is judged that battery has been filled with design and requires to include 3 criterions: 1. cell voltage is close to or upHigh charge voltage.2. maintain charging current when charging to drop to a certain degree using maximum charging voltage as constant voltage.3. with higherVoltage maintains the time of charging to reach certain limit.
Resistive voltage-drop compensation: include that the resistance on the internal resistance of cell and outside charge path makes battery the most electric when chargingThe voltage of interpolar is less than additional voltage, and both the most resistive pressure drops of pressure reduction are by the resistance on charging current at that time and pathProduct determines.Aging along with battery, the actual charging voltage that internal resistance of cell increase makes battery obtain declines.According to charging circuitThe size of the resistive pressure drop on footpath, properly increases the most resistive voltage-drop compensation of additional charging voltage.
Charging time-out: lithium ion chargeable battery is in for a long time and adds charging voltage cell degradation can be caused to accelerate.ChargingA kind of common function controlling logic i.e. limits the persistent period of charging, and the most whether battery fills with, and charges every timePersistent period not can exceed that the time of restriction.
Load bridging affects: from economy, the fan-out capability of most of charge power supplies can not ensure charged electrical simultaneouslyStream and load current.In charging process, the output current capacity of charger is supported and point walks part, to such an extent as to charging circuit is notThe situation i.e. load bridging impact of design current work can be pressed.If load bridging impact is big, charging time-out limits and may make electricityPond cannot be full of.
Fig. 1 is the lithium ion chargeable battery charging control circuit schematic diagram of complex optimum.As it is shown in figure 1, complex optimumLithium ion chargeable battery charging control circuit, including connect amplifier out 3 charging voltage control circuit 1, andThe floating charge of connection comparator output terminal 9/recharge road 2, described amplifier first input end 4 is connected the most respectively by optional switchBig charged electrical pressure side VM, rollback voltage end Vf and resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage end Vc, described amplifier the second input 5 connects electricityPond end 7 obtains battery terminal voltage, and described comparator first input end 8 connects float charge voltage threshold value end Vflt, described comparatorTwo inputs 10 connect to recharge presses threshold value end Vre, and described comparator intermediate ends 11 connects described battery-end 7.Described optional openClose the maximum charging voltage switch 13 including being arranged at described maximum charging voltage end VM, be arranged at described resistive voltage-drop compensation electricityThe resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage switch 14 of pressure side Vc, and it is arranged at the rollback voltage switch 12 of described rollback voltage end Vf.InstituteStating amplifier A is that charging voltage controls amplifier.Described comparator C is floating charge/fill detection hysteresis loop comparator again, utilizes hysteresisUp threshold value compares as the detection of floating charge condition.Described amplifier the second input 5 is connected with described comparator intermediate ends 11Becoming primary nodal point 6, described primary nodal point 6 connects battery-end 7 and obtains battery terminal voltage.Resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage setting value Vc pressesCertain proportion is higher than maximum charging voltage setting value VM, and rollback voltage setting value Vf sets less than maximum charging voltage by a certain percentageDefinite value VM.Float charge voltage threshold value Vflt, by a certain percentage less than maximum charging voltage setting value VM, recharges pressure threshold value Vre by oneCertainty ratio is less than float charge voltage threshold value Vflt, recharges pressure threshold value Vre less than rollback voltage setting value Vf.Resistive voltage-drop compensation electricityPressure Vc, maximum charging voltage VM, rollback voltage Vf, float charge voltage threshold value Vflt, and recharge pressure threshold value Vre, all from oneOn divider resistance string, order obtains, and ensures mutual size relation to facilitate.
Charging control logic includes: starts to charge up time-out timing after 1. cell voltage exceedes float charge voltage and starts monitoring and fillThe change of electricity electric current；2., when reducing report charging complete because of time-out or charging current, attempt charging voltage to be reduced to backMove back voltage Vf；Cell voltage is checked after slightly making time delay；If cell voltage is not less than recharges voltage Vre, report charging completeState；If cell voltage is less than recharging voltage Vre:a) if be not at that time in the resistive voltage-drop compensation in path, improveCharging voltage is to resistive voltage-drop compensation voltage Vc；This is that charging current can be increased beyond charging complete owing to charging voltage raisesElectric current, starts to compensate charging using Vc as charging voltage；If b) be in the resistive voltage-drop compensation in path, maintain to returnMove back voltage output, report bad battery or abnormal without battery；3. report charging complete after or report bad battery or without battery after, asFruit still occurs in that cell voltage is less than Vre, or when charger is reset because input voltage is low, cancels the resistive voltage-drop compensation in pathIn labelling, charging cycle can be again introduced into.Described charging control logic departs from still non-battery disengaging nothing with using batteryClose, also do not enter into intermittent charge of having the hiccups.
Fig. 1 mainly shows the part that circuit of the present invention is different from existing typical circuit.Wherein output voltage control amplifier AAdding two optional output voltages of Vc and Vf, floating charge/fill comparator C again utilizes the up threshold value of its hysteresis as floating charge conditionDetection compare.The meaning of Vc, VM, Vf, Vflt and Vre has been described.These voltages all orders from a divider resistance stringObtain, can conveniently ensure mutual size relation.
It is hereby stated that, described above contribute to skilled artisan understands that the invention, but and the unrestricted present inventionThe protection domain created.Any equivalent described above, modification are improved without departing from the invention flesh and bloodAnd/or delete numerous conforming to the principle of simplicity and the enforcement that carries out, each fall within the protection domain of the invention.