技术领域technical field
本发明涉及深水钻井设备技术领域，特别是一种用于深水钻井作业的半主动式天车升沉补偿系统。The invention relates to the technical field of deepwater drilling equipment, in particular to a semi-active crane heave compensation system for deepwater drilling operations.
背景技术Background technique
随着近年来国民经济的快速发展，我国对油气资源的需求急剧增加，供需矛盾日益严峻，已经成为制约我国未来经济进一步健康发展的瓶颈难题。为此，国家专门制定了《我国21世纪可持续发展油气资源战略规划》，该规划的重大战略目标要求“从全球战略着眼，保证油气资源的长期稳定供给”，必须充分“发挥国内油气资源的基础性保障作用”，并保证在今后20年内油气供应的对外依存度低于60%的安全线。同时《国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划纲要》也明确提出要“合理开发利用海洋资源，积极发展海洋油气、海洋运输、海洋工程装备制造等新兴产业，加强海洋基础性、前瞻性、关键性技术的研发力度”，提高我国海洋科技水平，增强海洋开发利用能力。向深海进军，进行油气开发利用已成为我国今后石油战略的主要发展方向，推动海洋油气装备的国产化程度和技术水平，这是我国实施油气开发走向深海和维护海洋权益的技术基础。（廖谟圣. 中国海洋石油钻采装备工业的进展与建议[C]. 中国海洋油气国际峰会论文集，2006. 周守为，金晓剑，曾恒一，等. 海洋石油装备与设施—支撑起海洋石油工业的平台[J]. 中国工程科学，2010，12(5)：102-112. 刘清友，徐涛. 深海钻井升沉补偿装置国内现状及发展思路[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版)，2014，36(3)：1-8.）With the rapid development of the national economy in recent years, my country's demand for oil and gas resources has increased sharply, and the contradiction between supply and demand has become increasingly severe, which has become a bottleneck problem restricting the further healthy development of my country's future economy. For this reason, the state specially formulated the "my country's 21st Century Sustainable Development Oil and Gas Resources Strategic Plan". "Basic guarantee role" and ensure that the dependence on foreign oil and gas supply in the next 20 years will be lower than the safety line of 60%. At the same time, the "Outline of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development" also clearly stated that it is necessary to "rationally develop and utilize marine resources, actively develop emerging industries such as offshore oil and gas, marine transportation, and marine engineering equipment manufacturing, and strengthen marine basic and forward-looking industries." , Key technology research and development efforts", improve the level of my country's marine science and technology, and enhance the ability of marine development and utilization. Marching into the deep sea and carrying out oil and gas development and utilization has become the main development direction of my country's future oil strategy. Promoting the localization and technical level of offshore oil and gas equipment is the technical basis for my country to implement oil and gas development to go to the deep sea and maintain marine rights and interests. (Liao Mosheng. Progress and Suggestions of China's Offshore Oil Drilling Equipment Industry [C]. Proceedings of China Offshore Oil and Gas International Summit, 2006. Zhou Shouwei, Jin Xiaojian, Zeng Hengyi, etc. Offshore Oil Equipment and Facilities - Support The platform of offshore oil industry [J]. China Engineering Science, 2010, 12(5): 102-112. Liu Qingyou, Xu Tao. Domestic status and development ideas of heave compensation devices for deep-sea drilling [J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University (Nature Science Edition), 2014, 36(3): 1-8.)
在进行深海油气开发钻井作业过程中，需要利用浮式钻井平台作为作业场地和人员休整基地，由于外界风、浪等自然载荷的作用会使半潜式钻井平台发生周期性的升沉运动，该运动将使大钩所悬挂的钻柱跟随平台一起做往复升沉运动。当钻井平台上升位移过大，大钩带动钻柱运动并使钻头脱离井底，影响钻头的钻进效率；当钻井平台下降位移过大，钻柱被压缩导致井底钻压大于规定钻压，可能压坏钻头或损坏钻柱，造成钻井安全隐患。为避免钻井安全事故的发生和降低钻井作业成本，需要对深海钻井平台所悬挂钻柱系统的升沉运动采取适当的运动补偿措施。During deep sea oil and gas development and drilling operations, the floating drilling platform needs to be used as the operating site and personnel rest base. Due to the external wind, waves and other natural loads, the semi-submersible drilling platform will undergo periodic heave movements. The movement will make the drill string suspended by the hook follow the reciprocating heave motion of the platform. When the rising displacement of the drilling platform is too large, the hook drives the drill string to move and the drill bit is separated from the bottom of the well, which affects the drilling efficiency of the drill bit; when the drilling platform descends too far, the drill string is compressed and the WOB at the bottom of the well is greater than the specified WOB. It may crush the drill bit or damage the drill string, resulting in drilling safety hazards. In order to avoid the occurrence of drilling safety accidents and reduce the cost of drilling operations, it is necessary to take appropriate motion compensation measures for the heave motion of the suspended drill string system of the deep-sea drilling platform.
升沉补偿装置作为深海油气开发利用过程中的钻井作业关键设备，能够对因浮式钻井平台升沉运动而引起的钻柱升沉位移进行有效补偿，从而保证钻井作业效率和使用安全，降低钻井作业周期和成本。浮式钻井平台针对钻柱升沉运动的补偿方式主要分为两种：①在钻柱管串中增设伸缩钻杆；②在钻井平台上增加各种类型钻柱升沉补偿装置。伸缩钻杆由于无法调节井底钻压，操作难度大，近年来逐渐被后者所取代。钻柱升沉补偿装置按照补偿过程中动力提供方式可分为被动式、半主动式和主动式三类；按照补偿装置结构类型可分为天车升沉补偿装置、游车大钩升沉补偿装置、死绳升沉补偿装置和绞车升沉补偿装置四类。As the key equipment for drilling operations in deep sea oil and gas development and utilization, the heave compensation device can effectively compensate the heave displacement of the drill string caused by the heave movement of the floating drilling platform, so as to ensure the efficiency and safety of drilling operations and reduce drilling costs. Operating cycle and cost. The compensation methods for the heave motion of the floating drilling platform are mainly divided into two types: ① adding telescopic drill pipes to the drill string; ② adding various types of drill string heave compensation devices on the drilling platform. The telescopic drill pipe is difficult to operate because it cannot adjust the bottom hole drilling pressure, and has been gradually replaced by the latter in recent years. The drill string heave compensation device can be divided into three types: passive, semi-active and active according to the power supply mode in the compensation process; according to the structure type of the compensation device, it can be divided into crown block heave compensation device and traveling block hook heave compensation device , dead rope heave compensation device and winch heave compensation device four categories.
天车升沉补偿装置作为投入现场实际使用和相关补偿技术发展都较早的一类升沉补偿装置，因其技术成熟和安全可靠性高，目前在深水浮式钻井平台和钻井船中得到了广泛应用。该装置主要由浮动天车、驱动补偿系统、液压支撑系统（由液压补偿缸总成、液压管线、控制阀、蓄能器等组成）、导向装置（由导向轮、导向支撑架等组成）、钢丝绳摇臂机构以及相应的控制系统等部件组成。As a type of heave compensation device that has been put into practical use on site and developed related compensation technologies earlier, the crane heave compensation device has been widely used in deepwater floating drilling platforms and drilling ships because of its mature technology and high safety and reliability. widely used. The device is mainly composed of floating crane, drive compensation system, hydraulic support system (composed of hydraulic compensation cylinder assembly, hydraulic pipeline, control valve, accumulator, etc.), guiding device (composed of guide wheels, guide support frame, etc.), It is composed of wire rope rocker mechanism and corresponding control system and other components.
目前使用的天车升沉补偿装置主要采用液压驱动补偿形式，液压驱动系统中由于存在大量液压管路和控制阀门等液压元器件，使得补偿系统对钻井平台升沉运动的补偿响应存在一定的滞后性，会对天车升沉补偿装置的补偿速度与效率产生影响；The currently used crane heave compensation device mainly adopts the form of hydraulic drive compensation. Due to the existence of a large number of hydraulic components such as hydraulic pipelines and control valves in the hydraulic drive system, there is a certain lag in the compensation response of the compensation system to the heave motion of the drilling platform. It will affect the compensation speed and efficiency of the crane heave compensation device;
由于补偿系统中存在大量液压元器件，使液压系统在较大压力情况下易出现泄露，影响补偿系统的安全性和使用可靠性，由于液压系统泄露或液压阀门管线失效等问题所造成的作业事故，会导致补偿系统需要停工检修，因此增加系统维护难度和整体作业成本。在天车升沉补偿运动过程中，有些钻井作业需要浮动天车被锁定在某一固定高度位置，便于作业过程中的上、卸扣等操作流程的进行。Due to the existence of a large number of hydraulic components in the compensation system, the hydraulic system is prone to leakage under high pressure, which affects the safety and reliability of the compensation system. Operational accidents caused by hydraulic system leakage or failure of hydraulic valve pipelines , will cause the compensation system to be shut down for maintenance, thus increasing the difficulty of system maintenance and overall operating costs. During the heave compensation movement of the crane, some drilling operations require the floating crown to be locked at a fixed height position, which is convenient for the operations such as making up and breaking out during the operation.
浮动天车在升沉补偿运动过程中，对于机械驱动方式的动力端会使位于钻井井架顶端内的浮动天车产生摇摆，不利于运动补偿过程的平稳进行。During the heave compensation movement of the floating crown, the power end of the mechanical drive will cause the floating crown located in the top of the drilling derrick to sway, which is not conducive to the smooth progress of the motion compensation process.
钢丝绳摇臂机构是对浮式钻井平台进行升沉运动补偿的天车升沉补偿装置中的重要组成部分，钢丝绳摇臂机构主要对钻井钢丝绳起到导向作用以及减少钢丝绳在钻井绞车上的缠绕次数，实现降低钢丝绳的磨损和提高使用寿命的目的。现有该机构并不具备能量存储和释放的被动补偿功能，但钻井钢丝绳所悬挂的钻柱重量有上百吨，使用天车升沉补偿装置对钻柱运动补偿过程中，钢丝绳摇臂机构部分具有大量可利用的能量，这部分能量在运动过程中都无法得到利用。The wire rope rocker mechanism is an important part of the crane heave compensation device for heave motion compensation of the floating drilling platform. The wire rope rocker mechanism mainly guides the drilling wire rope and reduces the winding times of the wire rope on the drilling winch , to achieve the purpose of reducing the wear and improving the service life of the wire rope. The existing mechanism does not have the passive compensation function of energy storage and release, but the weight of the drill string suspended by the drilling wire rope is hundreds of tons. There is a large amount of available energy, which cannot be used during exercise.
现有的天车升沉补偿系统采用液压驱动补偿形式、液压支撑系统不具有锁定功能，且补偿过程中会产生摇摆，此外，钢丝绳摇臂机构运动能量无法加以利用。常规天车升沉补偿系统普遍存在浮动天车的补偿效率不高，浮动天车在上下往复运动过程中不够稳定以及各机构的可靠性不高等问题。The existing crown crane heave compensation system adopts the form of hydraulic drive compensation, the hydraulic support system does not have a locking function, and swings will occur during the compensation process. In addition, the motion energy of the wire rope rocker mechanism cannot be utilized. Conventional crane heave compensation systems generally have problems such as low compensation efficiency of floating cranes, insufficient stability of floating cranes in the process of reciprocating up and down, and low reliability of various mechanisms.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺点，提供一种用于深水钻井作业的半主动式天车升沉补偿系统，该装置使用机械驱动式代替原有补偿系统中的液压驱动式、增加了浮动天车锁定导向功能以及改进了钢丝绳摇臂机构被动补偿功能，并具有结构简单、可靠性好、补偿效率高和系统响应速度快等优点。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a semi-active crane heave compensation system for deepwater drilling operations. The device uses a mechanical drive to replace the hydraulic drive in the original compensation system, increasing the The locking and guiding function of the floating crane and the improved passive compensation function of the wire rope rocker mechanism have the advantages of simple structure, good reliability, high compensation efficiency and fast system response.
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案来实现：一种用于深水钻井作业的半主动式天车升沉补偿系统，包括井架框架、齿轮齿条驱动补偿机构、液压支撑锁定机构、导向装置、具备被动补偿功能的被动补偿钢丝绳摇臂机构、浮动天车和游车，所述齿轮齿条驱动补偿机构固定安装在井架框架的顶部，导向装置安装在井架框架内，浮动天车滑动安装在导向装置上，且能够沿导向装置上下浮动，所述液压支撑锁定机构安装在井架框架的底部，并与浮动天车连接，所述液压支撑锁定机构能够在任意位置锁定浮动天车，所述被动补偿钢丝绳摇臂机构安装在井架框架的底部两侧，被动补偿钢丝绳摇臂机构与浮动天车连接，所述游车通过钢丝绳吊装在浮动天车上，游车上安装有大钩。The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a semi-active crane heave compensation system for deepwater drilling operations, including a derrick frame, a rack and pinion drive compensation mechanism, a hydraulic support locking mechanism, a guide device, and a passive The compensation function passively compensates the wire rope rocker mechanism, floating crown block and traveling block. The rack and pinion drive compensation mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the derrick frame, the guide device is installed in the derrick frame, and the floating crown block is slidably installed on the guide device , and can float up and down along the guide device. The hydraulic support locking mechanism is installed at the bottom of the derrick frame and connected with the floating crown. The hydraulic support locking mechanism can lock the floating crown at any position. The passive compensation wire rope swing The boom mechanism is installed on both sides of the bottom of the derrick frame, and the passive compensation wire rope rocker mechanism is connected with the floating crown block. The traveling block is hoisted on the floating crown block by a wire rope, and a large hook is installed on the traveling block.
所述齿轮齿条驱动补偿机构包括定位安装台、直齿条轨道一、直齿条轨道二、驱动齿轮一和驱动齿轮二，所述定位安装台固定在井架框架的顶部，定位安装台上对称安装有补偿电机一和补偿电机二，补偿电机一的输出端与驱动齿轮一传动连接，补偿电机二的输出端与驱动齿轮二传动连接，直齿条轨道一和直齿条轨道二背靠背地置于定位安装台的一侧，直齿条轨道一与驱动齿轮一啮合，直齿条轨道二与驱动齿轮二啮合，直齿条轨道一和直齿条轨道二的下端固定在浮动天车的上端。The rack and pinion drive compensation mechanism includes a positioning installation platform, a spur rack track 1, a spur rack track 2, a driving gear 1 and a driving gear 2, and the positioning installation platform is fixed on the top of the derrick frame, and the positioning installation platform is symmetrical A compensation motor 1 and a compensation motor 2 are installed, the output end of the compensation motor 1 is connected to the drive gear 1, the output end of the compensation motor 2 is connected to the drive gear 2, and the spur rack track 1 and the spur rack track 2 are placed back to back On one side of the positioning installation platform, the spur rack track 1 meshes with the drive gear 1, the spur rack track 2 meshes with the drive gear 2, and the lower ends of the spur rack track 1 and the spur rack track 2 are fixed on the upper end of the floating crown .
所述液压支撑锁定机构包括液压支撑缸一、液压支撑缸二以及能够储存液压支撑缸一和液压支撑缸二的液压能量的蓄能器，液压支撑缸一和液压支撑缸二固定在井架框架的底部，液压支撑缸一和液压支撑缸二的伸缩杆分别对称支撑在浮动天车的下方，蓄能器分别与液压支撑缸一和液压支撑缸二连接。The hydraulic support locking mechanism includes hydraulic support cylinder 1, hydraulic support cylinder 2 and an accumulator capable of storing the hydraulic energy of hydraulic support cylinder 1 and hydraulic support cylinder 2, hydraulic support cylinder 1 and hydraulic support cylinder 2 are fixed on the derrick frame At the bottom, the telescopic rods of the first hydraulic support cylinder and the second hydraulic support cylinder are respectively symmetrically supported under the floating crown, and the accumulators are respectively connected with the first hydraulic support cylinder and the second hydraulic support cylinder.
所述液压支撑缸一和液压支撑缸二的无杆腔与二通盖板式插装阀一的第一接口连接，二通盖板式插装阀一的第二接口与二通盖板式插装阀二的第一接口连接，二通盖板式插装阀二的第二接口与蓄能器连接；所述液压支撑缸一和液压支撑缸的有杆腔与三位四通电液比例换向阀的第一接口连接，三位四通电液比例换向阀的第二接口分别与单向变量液压泵的出口和直动型溢流阀的第一接口连接，三位四通电液比例换向阀的第三接口与背压阀的第一接口连接，单向变量液压泵的入口、直动型溢流阀的第二接口以及背压阀的第二接口分别与液压油箱连接，单向变量液压泵由电动机驱动。The rodless cavity of the hydraulic support cylinder 1 and the hydraulic support cylinder 2 is connected to the first interface of the two-way cover plate type cartridge valve 1, and the second interface of the two-way cover plate type cartridge valve 1 is connected to the two-way cover plate type cartridge valve. The first interface of the cartridge valve 2 is connected, and the second interface of the two-way cover plate type cartridge valve 2 is connected to the accumulator; the hydraulic support cylinder 1 and the rod cavity of the hydraulic support cylinder are connected to the three-position four-way electro-hydraulic proportional The first port of the reversing valve is connected, the second port of the three-position four-way electro-hydraulic proportional reversing valve is respectively connected with the outlet of the one-way variable hydraulic pump and the first port of the direct-acting relief valve, and the three-position four-way electro-hydraulic proportional The third port of the reversing valve is connected to the first port of the back pressure valve, the inlet of the one-way variable hydraulic pump, the second port of the direct-acting relief valve, and the second port of the back pressure valve are respectively connected to the hydraulic oil tank. The variable displacement hydraulic pump is driven by an electric motor.
所述液压支撑缸一和液压支撑缸的无杆腔与二通盖板式插装阀一之间的主管路上安装有液压支撑缸无杆腔压力计，所述液压支撑缸一和液压支撑缸的有杆腔与三位四通电液比例换向阀的第一接口之间的主管路上安装有液压支撑缸有杆腔压力计，所述二通盖板式插装阀一与二通盖板式插装阀二之间安装有二位二通液压先导控制换向阀，二通盖板式插装阀二的一侧安装有二位二通电磁换向阀。A hydraulic support cylinder rodless chamber pressure gauge is installed on the main road between the hydraulic support cylinder one and the rodless chamber of the hydraulic support cylinder and the two-way cover plate cartridge valve one, and the hydraulic support cylinder one and the hydraulic support cylinder A pressure gauge with a rod chamber for a hydraulic support cylinder is installed on the main road between the rod chamber and the first interface of the three-position four-way electro-hydraulic proportional reversing valve, and the one and two-way cover plates of the two-way cover plate type cartridge valve A two-position two-way hydraulic pilot control reversing valve is installed between the two type cartridge valves, and a two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve is installed on one side of the two-way cover plate type cartridge valve two.
所述液压支撑锁定机构还包括液压锁定回路，所述液压锁定回路包括过滤器、二位二通液控换向阀、液压先导阀、单作用气动操作阀和气罐，单作用气动操作阀的两端分别与气罐连通，二位二通液控换向阀的第一控制端与蓄能器连接，过滤器与二位二通液控换向阀的第一接口与过滤器连接，二位二通液控换向阀的第二接口分别与液压先导阀的第一控制端和液压油箱连通，液压先导阀的第二控制端分别与二位二通液控换向阀的第二控制端和第三接口连接，二位二通液控换向阀的第一控制端与单作用气动操作阀的第一入口连接，过滤器还与单作用气动操作阀的第二入口连接，单作用气动操作阀的第一出口与液压油箱连通，二位二通液控换向阀与液压先导阀之间的管路上安装有单向阀，单向阀的入口侧与单作用气动操作阀的第二出口连接，出口侧与单作用气动操作阀的第一控制端连接。The hydraulic support locking mechanism also includes a hydraulic locking circuit, and the hydraulic locking circuit includes a filter, a two-position two-way hydraulic control reversing valve, a hydraulic pilot valve, a single-acting pneumatic operating valve and an air tank, and the two-way pneumatic operating valve of the single-acting The ends are respectively connected with the gas tank, the first control end of the two-position two-way hydraulic control reversing valve is connected with the accumulator, the filter is connected with the first interface of the two-position two-way hydraulic control reversing valve and the filter, the two-position The second interface of the two-way hydraulic control reversing valve is respectively connected with the first control end of the hydraulic pilot valve and the hydraulic oil tank, and the second control end of the hydraulic pilot valve is respectively connected with the second control end of the two-position two-way hydraulic control reversing valve. It is connected with the third interface, the first control port of the two-position two-way hydraulic control reversing valve is connected with the first inlet of the single-acting pneumatic operation valve, the filter is also connected with the second inlet of the single-acting pneumatic operation valve, and the single-acting pneumatic operation valve The first outlet of the operating valve is connected to the hydraulic oil tank, and a check valve is installed on the pipeline between the two-position two-way hydraulic control directional valve and the hydraulic pilot valve. The outlet is connected, and the outlet side is connected to the first control port of the single-acting pneumatically operated valve.
所述导向装置包括直线导轨、导向轮和轴向导轨支撑架，直线导轨竖直安装在井架框架上，直线导轨与井架框架之间通过轴向导轨支撑架固定，导向轮安装在浮动天车上，导向轮与直线导轨配合。The guide device includes a linear guide rail, guide wheels and an axial guide support frame, the linear guide rail is installed vertically on the derrick frame, the linear guide rail and the derrick frame are fixed by the axial guide rail support frame, and the guide wheels are installed on the floating crown , The guide wheel cooperates with the linear guide rail.
所述直线导轨包括安装在井架框架一侧的直线导轨一和直线导轨二、安装在井架框架另一侧的直线导轨三和直线导轨四，导向轮包括与直线导轨一对应的导向轮一，与直线导轨二对应的导向轮二、与直线导轨三对应的导向轮三以及与直线导轨四对应的导向轮四，导向轮一通过导向轮轴一安装在浮动天车上，导向轮二通过导向轮轴二安装在浮动天车上，导向轮三通过导向轮轴三安装在浮动天车上，导向轮四通过导向轮轴四安装在浮动天车上。The linear guide rail includes linear guide rail 1 and linear guide rail 2 installed on one side of the derrick frame, linear guide rail 3 and linear guide rail 4 installed on the other side of the derrick frame, and the guide wheels include guide wheel 1 corresponding to the linear guide rail 1. The guide wheel 2 corresponding to the linear guide rail 2, the guide wheel 3 corresponding to the linear guide rail 3 and the guide wheel 4 corresponding to the linear guide rail 4, the guide wheel 1 is installed on the floating crane through the guide wheel shaft 1, and the guide wheel 2 passes through the guide wheel shaft 2 Installed on the floating crown, the guide wheel three is installed on the floating crown through the guide axle three, and the guide wheel four is installed on the floating crown through the guide axle four.
所述被动补偿钢丝绳摇臂机构包括摇臂支撑缸一、摇臂支撑缸二、摇臂支撑缸三、摇臂支撑缸四、摇臂导向轮一、摇臂导向轮二、液压缸一和液压缸二，摇臂支撑缸一的下端铰接安装在快绳导向轮上，快速导向轮安装在井架框架的一侧，上端铰接安装有摇臂导向轮一，摇臂导向轮一还与摇臂支撑缸二的一端铰接，摇臂支撑缸二的另一端与浮动天车铰接相连，摇臂导向轮一还与液压缸一的一端铰接，液压缸一的另一端铰接在井架框架上，摇臂支撑缸四的下端铰接安装在死绳导向轮上，死绳导向轮安装在井架框架的另一侧，上端铰接安装有摇臂导向轮二，摇臂导向轮二还与摇臂支撑缸三的一端铰接，摇臂支撑缸三的另一端与浮动天车铰接相连，摇臂导向轮二还与液压缸二的一端铰接，液压缸二的另一端铰接在井架框架上，快绳绕过快绳导向轮和摇臂导向轮一后，进入浮动天车和游车的滚轮进行缠绕，死绳绕过死绳导向轮和摇臂导向轮二后，进入浮动天车和游车的滚轮进行缠绕。The passive compensation wire rope rocker mechanism includes a rocker support cylinder one, a rocker support cylinder two, a rocker support cylinder three, a rocker support cylinder four, a rocker guide wheel one, a rocker guide wheel two, a hydraulic cylinder one and a hydraulic cylinder Cylinder 2, the lower end of rocker arm support cylinder 1 is hingedly installed on the fast rope guide wheel, the fast guide wheel is installed on one side of the derrick frame, the upper end is hingedly installed with rocker arm guide wheel 1, and the rocker arm guide wheel 1 is also supported by the rocker arm One end of cylinder two is hinged, the other end of rocker arm support cylinder two is hinged to the floating crown block, rocker arm guide wheel one is also hinged to one end of hydraulic cylinder one, and the other end of hydraulic cylinder one is hinged to the derrick frame. The lower end of cylinder four is hingedly installed on the dead rope guide wheel, which is installed on the other side of the derrick frame, and the upper end is hingedly installed with rocker arm guide wheel two, which is also connected with one end of the rocker arm supporting cylinder three Hinged, the other end of the rocker support cylinder 3 is hinged to the floating crane, the rocker arm guide wheel 2 is also hinged to one end of the hydraulic cylinder 2, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is hinged to the derrick frame, and the fast rope bypasses the fast rope to guide After the first wheel and the rocker guide wheel, it enters the rollers of the floating crown and the traveling car for winding, and after the dead rope bypasses the dead rope guide wheel and the second rocker guide wheel, it enters the floating crown and the rollers of the traveling car for winding.
所述液压缸一的一侧还设置有蓄能器一，蓄能器一与液压缸一的无杆腔连接，所述液压缸二的一侧还设置有蓄能器二，蓄能器二与液压缸二的无杆腔连接。One side of the hydraulic cylinder one is also provided with an accumulator one, which is connected to the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder one, and one side of the hydraulic cylinder two is also provided with an accumulator two, and the two accumulators It is connected with the rodless cavity of hydraulic cylinder two.
本发明具有以下优点：The present invention has the following advantages:
1、本发明为半主动补偿式的天车升沉补偿系统，兼具有被动补偿式和主动补偿式两类补偿装置系统的优点，因此，该类补偿装置系统可实现被动补偿和主动补偿的两大功能。1. The present invention is a semi-active compensation type crown crane heave compensation system, which has the advantages of both passive compensation type and active compensation type compensation device systems. Therefore, this type of compensation device system can realize passive compensation and active compensation. Two major functions.
2、当浮动天车处于锁定状态时，天车升沉补偿装置不对浮动天车产生主动驱动力作用，浮动天车静负载由双液压支撑缸系统承载，此时通过气液蓄能器存储能量；当天车升沉补偿装置处于补偿过程时，该部分能量被释放，能够有效减轻齿轮齿条驱动补偿系统在啮合过程中所承受的负载，保证机械驱动部分的有效工作。浮动天车及其所悬挂负载在升沉补偿路径中的任意位置被锁定，即使在遭遇钻杆断裂或者液压回路中供油软管破裂漏油情况时，也能自动进行关闭。2. When the floating crane is in the locked state, the heave compensation device of the crane does not generate active driving force on the floating crane, and the static load of the floating crane is carried by the double hydraulic support cylinder system. At this time, the energy is stored by the gas-hydraulic accumulator ; When the crane heave compensation device is in the compensation process, this part of the energy is released, which can effectively reduce the load on the rack and pinion drive compensation system during the meshing process and ensure the effective work of the mechanical drive part. The floating crown and its suspended load are locked at any position in the heave compensation path, and can be automatically closed even in the event of drill pipe breakage or oil supply hose rupture and oil leakage in the hydraulic circuit.
3、直线导轨上下两端固定在井架上部外框架上，导向轮与直线导轨之间形成相互挤压，并与浮动天车相连，可实现对天车升沉补偿装置在运动补偿过程中的导向作用，并在导轨非接触侧设置轴向导轨支撑架。3. The upper and lower ends of the linear guide rail are fixed on the upper outer frame of the derrick, and the guide wheels and the linear guide rail form mutual extrusion, and are connected with the floating crane, which can realize the guidance of the heave compensation device of the crane during the motion compensation process Function, and set the axial guide rail support frame on the non-contact side of the guide rail.
4、天车升沉补偿装置的浮动天车在运动补偿过程中通过钻井钢丝绳在摇臂导向轮上收缩移动对液压缸活塞杆产生的压力，同时使气液蓄能器中储气罐的气体被压缩而实现能量的存储，并能通过气液蓄能器释放上一过程中所存储的能量，使液压缸活塞杆推动钢丝绳运动，对浮动天车的升沉运动进行被动补偿。4. During the motion compensation process, the floating crown crane of the crown crane heave compensation device moves the pressure on the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder through the contraction and movement of the drilling wire rope on the rocker guide wheel, and at the same time makes the gas in the gas storage tank in the gas-liquid accumulator It is compressed to realize energy storage, and the energy stored in the previous process can be released through the gas-hydraulic accumulator, so that the hydraulic cylinder piston rod pushes the wire rope to move, and passively compensates the heave movement of the floating crown.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1 为本发明的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;
图2 为本发明齿轮齿条驱动补偿系统结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the rack and pinion drive compensation system of the present invention;
图3 为液压支撑系统原理图；Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic support system;
图4 为液压支撑系统回路图；Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of the hydraulic support system;
图5 为液压锁定回路图；Figure 5 is a hydraulic locking circuit diagram;
图6 为导向装置安装位置示意图；Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the guide device;
图7 为导向装置结构示意图；Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide device;
图8 为被动补偿钢丝绳摇臂机构结构示意图；Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the passive compensation wire rope rocker mechanism;
图9 为液压缸-蓄能器连接示意图；Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder-accumulator connection;
图中：1-井架框架，2-浮动天车，3-齿轮齿条驱动补偿机构，4-液压支撑锁定机构，5-导向装置，6-被动补偿钢丝绳摇臂机构，7-游车，8-钢丝绳，9-定位安装，10-直齿条轨道一，11-直齿条轨道二，12-驱动齿轮一，13-驱动齿轮二，14-补偿电机一，15-补偿电机二，16-液压支撑缸一，17-液压支撑缸二，18-蓄能器，19-二通盖板式插装阀一，20-二通盖板式插装阀二，21-三位四通电液比例换向阀，22-单向变量液压泵，23-直动型溢流阀，24-背压阀，25-电动机，26-液压支撑缸无杆腔压力计，27-液压支撑缸有杆腔压力计，28-二位二通液压先导控制换向阀，29-二位二通电磁换向阀，30-液压油箱，31-过滤器，32-二位二通液控换向阀，33-液压先导阀，34-单作用气动操作阀，35-气罐，36-直线导轨，37-导向轮，38-轴向导轨支撑架，39-直线导轨一，40-直线导轨二，41-直线导轨三，42-直线导轨四，43-导向轮一，44-导向轮二，45-导向轮三，46-导向轮四，47-导向轮轴一，48-导向轮轴二，49-导向轮轴三，50-导向轮轴四，51-摇臂支撑缸一，52-摇臂支撑缸二，53-摇臂支撑缸三，54-摇臂支撑缸四，55-摇臂导向轮一，56-摇臂导向轮二，57-液压缸一，58-液压缸二，59-快绳导向轮，60-死绳导向轮，61-快绳，62-死绳，63-蓄能器一，64-蓄能器二。In the figure: 1-derrick frame, 2-floating crown block, 3-rack and pinion drive compensation mechanism, 4-hydraulic support locking mechanism, 5-guiding device, 6-passive compensation wire rope rocker mechanism, 7-travel block, 8 -wire rope, 9-positioning installation, 10-spur rack track 1, 11-spur rack track 2, 12-drive gear 1, 13-drive gear 2, 14-compensation motor 1, 15-compensation motor 2, 16- Hydraulic support cylinder 1, 17-hydraulic support cylinder 2, 18-accumulator, 19-two-way cover plate type cartridge valve 1, 20-two-way cover plate type cartridge valve 2, 21-three-position four-way electro-hydraulic ratio Reversing valve, 22-one-way variable hydraulic pump, 23-direct-acting relief valve, 24-back pressure valve, 25-electric motor, 26-hydraulic support cylinder rodless chamber pressure gauge, 27-hydraulic support cylinder rod chamber Pressure gauge, 28-two-position two-way hydraulic pilot control reversing valve, 29-two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve, 30-hydraulic oil tank, 31-filter, 32-two-position two-way hydraulic control reversing valve, 33 -hydraulic pilot valve, 34-single-acting pneumatically operated valve, 35-air tank, 36-linear guide rail, 37-guide wheel, 38-axial guide rail support frame, 39-linear guide rail 1, 40-linear guide rail 2, 41- Linear guide rail three, 42-linear guide rail four, 43-guide wheel one, 44-guide wheel two, 45-guide wheel three, 46-guide wheel four, 47-guide wheel shaft one, 48-guide wheel shaft two, 49-guide wheel shaft Three, 50-guide wheel shaft four, 51-rocker arm support cylinder one, 52-rocker arm support cylinder two, 53-rocker arm support cylinder three, 54-rocker arm support cylinder four, 55-rocker arm guide wheel one, 56- Rocker guide wheel two, 57-hydraulic cylinder one, 58-hydraulic cylinder two, 59-fast rope guide wheel, 60-dead rope guide wheel, 61-fast rope, 62-dead rope, 63-accumulator one, 64 - accumulator two.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的描述，但本发明的保护范围不局限于以下所述。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.
如图1所示，一种用于深水钻井作业的半主动式天车升沉补偿系统，包括井架框架1、齿轮齿条驱动补偿机构3、液压支撑锁定机构4、导向装置5、具备被动补偿功能的被动补偿钢丝绳8摇臂机构6、浮动天车2和游车7，所述齿轮齿条驱动补偿机构3固定安装在井架框架1的顶部，导向装置5安装在井架框架1内，浮动天车2滑动安装在导向装置5上，且能够沿导向装置5上下浮动，所述液压支撑锁定机构4安装在井架框架1的底部，并与浮动天车2连接，所述液压支撑锁定机构4能够在任意位置锁定浮动天车2，所述被动补偿钢丝绳8摇臂机构6安装在井架框架1的底部两侧，被动补偿钢丝绳8摇臂机构6与浮动天车2连接，所述游车7通过钢丝绳8吊装在浮动天车2上，游车7上安装有大钩。As shown in Figure 1, a semi-active crown crane heave compensation system for deepwater drilling operations includes a derrick frame 1, a rack and pinion drive compensation mechanism 3, a hydraulic support locking mechanism 4, a guide device 5, and a passive compensation system. Function passive compensation steel wire rope 8 rocker mechanism 6, floating crane 2 and traveling block 7, the rack and pinion drive compensation mechanism 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the derrick frame 1, the guide device 5 is installed in the derrick frame 1, and the floating crane The vehicle 2 is slidably installed on the guide device 5 and can float up and down along the guide device 5. The hydraulic support locking mechanism 4 is installed on the bottom of the derrick frame 1 and connected with the floating crown block 2. The hydraulic support locking mechanism 4 can Lock the floating crane 2 at any position, the passive compensation wire rope 8 rocker mechanism 6 is installed on both sides of the bottom of the derrick frame 1, the passive compensation wire rope 8 rocker mechanism 6 is connected with the floating crane 2, and the traveling crane 7 passes through The wire rope 8 is hoisted on the floating crane 2, and a hook is installed on the traveling car 7.
如图2所示，所述齿轮齿条驱动补偿机构3包括定位安装台9、直齿条轨道一10、直齿条轨道二11、驱动齿轮一12和驱动齿轮二13，所述定位安装台9固定在井架框架1的顶部，定位安装台9上对称安装有补偿电机一14和补偿电机二15，补偿电机一14的输出端与驱动齿轮一12传动连接，补偿电机二15的输出端与驱动齿轮二13传动连接，直齿条轨道一10和直齿条轨道二11背靠背地置于定位安装台9的一侧，直齿条轨道一10与驱动齿轮一12啮合，直齿条轨道二11与驱动齿轮二13啮合，直齿条轨道一10和直齿条轨道二11的下端固定在浮动天车2的上端。在天车升沉补偿运动过程中，补偿电机一14和补偿电机二15在相关补偿数据的输入控制下，启动并带动驱动齿轮一12和驱动齿轮二13转动，使得直齿条轨道一10和直齿条轨道二11相对于驱动齿轮一12和驱动齿轮二13上下运动，实现对浮动天车2及通过钢丝绳8所悬挂管柱的升沉补偿运动，通过补偿电机一14和补偿电机二15的正反转运动和机械转速快慢可以控制与直齿条相连的浮动天车2的补偿运动方向和补偿位移。使用补偿电机一14和补偿电机二15提供浮动天车2上下运动的机械能，并使用驱动齿轮和直齿条轨道的配合，实现提高天车补偿效率和精度的目的。As shown in Figure 2, the rack and pinion drive compensation mechanism 3 includes a positioning installation platform 9, a spur rack track one 10, a spur rack track two 11, a driving gear one 12 and a driving gear two 13, the positioning installation platform 9 is fixed on the top of the derrick frame 1, and the compensation motor one 14 and the compensation motor two 15 are symmetrically installed on the positioning installation platform 9, the output end of the compensation motor one 14 is connected with the driving gear one 12, and the output end of the compensation motor two 15 is connected to the Drive gear 2 13 transmission connection, spur rack track 1 10 and spur rack track 2 11 are placed back to back on one side of positioning mounting table 9, spur rack track 1 10 meshes with driving gear 1 12, spur rack track 2 11 is engaged with drive gear two 13, and the lower end of spur rack track one 10 and spur rack track two 11 is fixed on the upper end of floating crane 2. During the heave compensation movement of the crane, the first compensation motor 14 and the second compensation motor 15 start and drive the first driving gear 12 and the second driving gear 13 to rotate under the input control of relevant compensation data, so that the spur rack track one 10 and The spur rack track 2 11 moves up and down relative to the drive gear 1 12 and the drive gear 2 13 to realize the heave compensation movement of the floating crane 2 and the pipe column suspended by the steel wire rope 8, through the compensation motor 1 14 and the compensation motor 2 15 The forward and reverse movement and the speed of the mechanical speed can control the compensation movement direction and compensation displacement of the floating crane 2 connected with the spur rack. Compensation motor 1 14 and compensation motor 2 15 are used to provide the mechanical energy for the floating crane 2 to move up and down, and the cooperation between the driving gear and the spur rack track is used to achieve the purpose of improving the compensation efficiency and accuracy of the crane.
如图3所示，所述液压支撑锁定机构4包括液压支撑缸一16、液压支撑缸二17以及能够储存液压支撑缸一16和液压支撑缸二17的液压能量的蓄能器18，液压支撑缸一16和液压支撑缸二17固定在井架框架1的底部，液压支撑缸一16和液压支撑缸二17的伸缩杆分别对称支撑在浮动天车2的下方，蓄能器18分别与液压支撑缸一16和液压支撑缸二17连接。当浮动天车2处于锁定状态时，天车升沉补偿装置不对浮动天车2产生主动驱动力作用，浮动天车2静负载由液压支撑缸一16和液压支撑缸二17组成的双液压支撑缸系统承载，此时通过蓄能器18存储能量；当天车升沉补偿装置处于补偿过程时，该部分能量被释放，能够有效减轻齿轮齿条驱动补偿系统在啮合过程中所承受的负载，保证机械驱动部分的有效工作。As shown in Figure 3, the hydraulic support locking mechanism 4 includes a hydraulic support cylinder one 16, a hydraulic support cylinder two 17, and an accumulator 18 capable of storing the hydraulic energy of the hydraulic support cylinder one 16 and the hydraulic support cylinder two 17. Cylinder 1 16 and hydraulic support cylinder 2 17 are fixed on the bottom of the derrick frame 1, and the telescopic rods of hydraulic support cylinder 1 16 and hydraulic support cylinder 2 17 are symmetrically supported under the floating crane 2 respectively. Cylinder one 16 is connected with hydraulic support cylinder two 17. When the floating crane 2 is in the locked state, the heave compensation device of the crane does not generate an active driving force on the floating crane 2, and the static load of the floating crane 2 is supported by the double hydraulic support composed of the hydraulic support cylinder 16 and the hydraulic support cylinder 2 17 The cylinder system carries the load, and the energy is stored by the accumulator 18 at this time; when the heave compensation device of the crane is in the compensation process, this part of the energy is released, which can effectively reduce the load on the rack and pinion drive compensation system during the meshing process, ensuring Effective work of the mechanical drive section.
如图4所示，所述液压支撑缸一16和液压支撑缸二17的无杆腔与二通盖板式插装阀一19的第一接口连接，二通盖板式插装阀一19的第二接口与二通盖板式插装阀二20的第一接口连接，二通盖板式插装阀二20的第二接口与蓄能器18连接；所述液压支撑缸一16和液压支撑缸的有杆腔与三位四通电液比例换向阀21的第一接口连接，三位四通电液比例换向阀21的第二接口分别与单向变量液压泵22的出口和直动型溢流阀23的第一接口连接，三位四通电液比例换向阀21的第三接口与背压阀24的第一接口连接，单向变量液压泵22的入口、直动型溢流阀23的第二接口以及背压阀24的第二接口分别与液压油箱30连接，单向变量液压泵22由电动机25驱动。采用三位四通电液比例换向阀21作为连接液压支撑缸一16和液压支撑缸二17的有杆腔压力和单向变量液压泵22出口压力的控制阀。相比较仅采用泵控方式的液压回路，由于在天车升沉补偿装置的运动补偿过程中，单向变量液压泵22有时会出现入口进油压力大于出口液压支撑缸有杆腔内液压油压力的情况，使得液压泵的工作工况转变为带动电动机25处于发电状态的液压马达工况，此过程中会将一部分能量消耗在电动机25电阻发热上，降低了系统能量利用率和电动机25的可靠性。因此，本设计中的液压支撑缸液压回路系统采用泵控加阀控的方式，避免使液压泵处于液压马达状态，能够有效提高能量利用率。As shown in Figure 4, the rodless cavity of the hydraulic support cylinder one 16 and the hydraulic support cylinder two 17 is connected to the first interface of the two-way cover plate type cartridge valve one 19, and the two-way cover plate type cartridge valve one 19 The second interface of the two-way cover plate type cartridge valve 20 is connected to the first interface of the two-way cover plate type cartridge valve two 20, and the second interface of the two-way cover plate type cartridge valve two 20 is connected to the accumulator 18; the hydraulic support cylinder one 16 and The rod cavity of the hydraulic support cylinder is connected to the first interface of the three-position four-way electro-hydraulic proportional directional control valve 21, and the second interface of the three-position four-way electro-hydraulic proportional directional control valve 21 is respectively connected to the outlet of the one-way variable hydraulic pump 22 and the direct The first port of the dynamic relief valve 23 is connected, the third port of the three-position four-way electro-hydraulic proportional reversing valve 21 is connected with the first port of the back pressure valve 24, the inlet of the one-way variable hydraulic pump 22, the direct-acting relief valve The second port of the flow valve 23 and the second port of the back pressure valve 24 are respectively connected to the hydraulic oil tank 30 , and the one-way variable hydraulic pump 22 is driven by the electric motor 25 . The three-position four-way electro-hydraulic proportional reversing valve 21 is used as a control valve for connecting the rod chamber pressure of the first hydraulic support cylinder 16 and the second hydraulic support cylinder 17 and the outlet pressure of the one-way variable hydraulic pump 22 . Compared with the hydraulic circuit that only adopts the pump control method, due to the motion compensation process of the crane heave compensation device, the one-way variable hydraulic pump 22 sometimes has inlet oil pressure greater than the hydraulic oil pressure in the rod chamber of the outlet hydraulic support cylinder In this case, the working condition of the hydraulic pump changes to the hydraulic motor working condition that drives the electric motor 25 to generate electricity. During this process, a part of the energy will be consumed in the resistance heating of the electric motor 25, which reduces the energy utilization rate of the system and the reliability of the electric motor 25. sex. Therefore, the hydraulic circuit system of the hydraulic support cylinder in this design adopts the method of pump control and valve control to avoid the hydraulic pump in the state of hydraulic motor, which can effectively improve the energy utilization rate.
所述液压支撑缸一16和液压支撑缸的无杆腔与二通盖板式插装阀一19之间的主管路上安装有液压支撑缸无杆腔压力计26，所述液压支撑缸一16和液压支撑缸的有杆腔与三位四通电液比例换向阀21的第一接口之间的主管路上安装有液压支撑缸有杆腔压力计27，所述二通盖板式插装阀一19与二通盖板式插装阀二20之间安装有二位二通液压先导控制换向阀28，二通盖板式插装阀二20的一侧安装有二位二通电磁换向阀29。在该液压系统回路中，当液压支撑缸一16和液压支撑缸二17的有杆腔需要供液时，回路中的单向变量液压泵22在电动机25带动下处于工作状态，此时单向变量液压泵22出口压力大于其入口压力；当通过液压支撑缸有杆腔压力计27发现有杆腔内压力增大时，表明液压支撑缸内活塞相对于缸体向上移动了一段距离，三位四通电液比例换向阀21处于工作状态，将液压支撑缸有杆腔与液压油箱30之间的回路接通，使得有杆腔内液压油液通过三位四通电液比例换向阀21和背压阀24流回液压油箱30；当单向变量液压泵22和液压支撑缸之间的回路被截断时，此时液压泵流量为零，将可有效避免液压马达工况的出现。在天车升沉补偿装置进行运动补偿过程中，液压支撑缸无杆腔与蓄能器18相连接，由于管路中液压油液流量较大，将二通盖板式插装阀中的锥阀作为主控元件插装在液压油路中，再结合液压回路中的两组换向阀，实现用小流量工作油液来控制大流量工作油液的方式，具有流动阻力小、流通能力大、密封性好、动作速度快和可靠度高的特点。当钻柱处于正常钻井过程中时，截止阀打开，二位二通电磁换向阀29关闭，二通盖板式插装阀二20打开，二位二通液压先导控制换向阀28在液压力作用下被关闭，与其连接的二通盖板式插装阀一19打开，此时蓄能器18就与两组液压支撑缸的无杆腔相连通。当在机械驱动机构提供主动驱动力的作用下，对浮动天车2进行向上的运动补偿时，需要两组液压支撑缸中活塞相对于缸体向上运动产生液压推力，蓄能器18通过截止阀和两个二通盖板式插装阀向两组液压支撑缸无杆腔冲入油液。与此同时，三位四通电液比例换向阀21的阀芯工作在右位，两组液压支撑缸有杆腔中液压油通过三位四通电液比例换向阀21和背压阀24流入到液压油箱30中，使得两组液压支撑缸无杆腔内液压力大于有杆腔内液压力，缸体中的活塞在两腔室压力差的作用下，对浮动天车2产生有效推力，用以减轻机械驱动机构中驱动力的输入，保证天车升沉补偿装置的可靠运动。A hydraulic support cylinder rodless chamber pressure gauge 26 is installed on the main road between the hydraulic support cylinder one 16 and the rodless cavity of the hydraulic support cylinder and the two-way cover plate cartridge valve one 19, and the hydraulic support cylinder one 16 A hydraulic support cylinder rod chamber pressure gauge 27 is installed on the main road between the rod chamber of the hydraulic support cylinder and the first interface of the three-position four-way electro-hydraulic proportional reversing valve 21, and the two-way cover plate cartridge valve A two-position two-way hydraulic pilot control reversing valve 28 is installed between one 19 and two-way cover plate type cartridge valve two 20, and a two-position two-way electromagnetic switch valve is installed on one side of the two-way cover plate type cartridge valve two 20 to valve 29. In this hydraulic system circuit, when the rod chambers of hydraulic support cylinder one 16 and hydraulic support cylinder two 17 need to supply liquid, the one-way variable hydraulic pump 22 in the circuit is in the working state driven by the motor 25. At this time, the one-way The outlet pressure of the variable hydraulic pump 22 is greater than its inlet pressure; when the rod chamber pressure gauge 27 of the hydraulic support cylinder finds that the pressure in the rod chamber increases, it indicates that the piston in the hydraulic support cylinder has moved upward for a certain distance relative to the cylinder body. The four-way electro-hydraulic proportional reversing valve 21 is in the working state, and the circuit between the rod chamber of the hydraulic support cylinder and the hydraulic oil tank 30 is connected, so that the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber passes through the three-position four-way electro-hydraulic proportional reversing valve 21 and The back pressure valve 24 flows back to the hydraulic oil tank 30; when the circuit between the one-way variable hydraulic pump 22 and the hydraulic support cylinder is cut off, the flow of the hydraulic pump is zero at this time, which will effectively avoid the occurrence of the hydraulic motor working condition. During the motion compensation process of the crane heave compensation device, the rodless cavity of the hydraulic support cylinder is connected with the accumulator 18. Due to the large flow of hydraulic oil in the pipeline, the cone in the two-way cover plate cartridge valve As the main control element, the valve is inserted in the hydraulic oil circuit, combined with two sets of reversing valves in the hydraulic circuit, it realizes the way of using small flow working oil to control large flow working oil, with small flow resistance and large flow capacity , good sealing, fast action speed and high reliability. When the drill string is in the normal drilling process, the shut-off valve is opened, the two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 29 is closed, the two-position two-way cover plate type cartridge valve two 20 is opened, and the two-position two-way hydraulic pilot control reversing valve 28 is in the hydraulic Closed under the action of force, the two-way cover plate type cartridge valve one 19 connected with it is opened, and now the accumulator 18 is just connected with the rodless cavity of two groups of hydraulic support cylinders. When the upward movement of the floating crane 2 is compensated under the action of the active driving force provided by the mechanical drive mechanism, the piston in the two sets of hydraulic support cylinders needs to move upward relative to the cylinder to generate hydraulic thrust, and the accumulator 18 passes through the stop valve and two two-way cover-type cartridge valves to flush oil into the rodless cavity of the two sets of hydraulic support cylinders. At the same time, the spool of the three-position four-way electro-hydraulic proportional reversing valve 21 works in the right position, and the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the two groups of hydraulic support cylinders flows into the into the hydraulic oil tank 30, so that the hydraulic pressure in the rodless chamber of the two groups of hydraulic support cylinders is greater than the hydraulic pressure in the rod chamber, and the piston in the cylinder produces an effective thrust on the floating crane 2 under the action of the pressure difference between the two chambers. It is used to reduce the input of driving force in the mechanical drive mechanism and ensure the reliable movement of the crane heave compensation device.
当需要使用天车升沉补偿装置对井底钻压进行调整过程中，可利用液压支撑缸缸体内液压油压力进行有效调节。在此过程中，钻井平台操作人员收到调节钻压的指令后，向控制电动机25转速的控制器发出转速调整命令，电动机25通过带动单向变量液压泵22的排量发生改变，使得流入到液压支撑缸有杆腔内的液压油流量变化，从而实现对井底钻压的调节作用。When it is necessary to use the crown block heave compensation device to adjust the drilling pressure at the bottom of the well, the hydraulic oil pressure in the cylinder of the hydraulic support cylinder can be used for effective adjustment. During this process, after receiving the command to adjust the drilling pressure, the drilling platform operator sends a speed adjustment command to the controller that controls the speed of the motor 25. The motor 25 drives the displacement of the one-way variable hydraulic pump 22 to change, so that the flow into the The hydraulic oil support cylinder has a change in the hydraulic oil flow rate in the rod cavity, so as to realize the adjustment function of the bottom hole drilling pressure.
如图5所示，所述液压支撑锁定机构4还包括液压锁定回路，所述液压锁定回路包括过滤器31、二位二通液控换向阀32、液压先导阀33、单作用气动操作阀34和气罐35，单作用气动操作阀34的两端分别与气罐35连通，二位二通液控换向阀32的第一控制端与蓄能器18连接，过滤器31与二位二通液控换向阀32的第一接口与过滤器31连接，二位二通液控换向阀32的第二接口分别与液压先导阀33的第一控制端和液压油箱30连通，液压先导阀33的第二控制端分别与二位二通液控换向阀32的第二控制端和第三接口连接，二位二通液控换向阀32的第一控制端与单作用气动操作阀34的第一入口连接，过滤器31还与单作用气动操作阀34的第二入口连接，单作用气动操作阀34的第一出口与液压油箱30连通，二位二通液控换向阀32与液压先导阀33之间的管路上安装有单向阀，单向阀的入口侧与单作用气动操作阀34的第二出口连接，出口侧与单作用气动操作阀34的第一控制端连接。液压系统回路中的二位二通液压先导控制换向阀28处，设置两组组合式液压锁定/减速阀与二位二通液压先导控制换向阀28共同组成液压锁定回路，此两组阀组合能够使得浮动天车2及其所悬挂负载在升沉补偿路径中的任意位置被锁定，即使在遭遇钻杆断裂或者液压回路中供油软管破裂漏油情况时，也能自动进行关闭。单作用气动操作阀34两端与气罐35相连通，由气罐35实现其开闭。单作用气动操作阀34可通过手柄进行人工操作，该操作阀的右端位置为关闭状态，左端位置为打开状态，中间位置为自动状态。当单作用气动操作阀34手柄处于右端位置时，液压锁定阀被关闭，两组液压支撑缸中的液压油流入液压油缸的回路被截断，使得液压支撑缸活塞杆被固定在升沉补偿路径的锁定位置处；当单作用气动操作阀34手柄处于左端位置处时，液压支撑缸两腔室到液压油缸的回路处于畅通状态；当单作用气动操作阀34手柄从左端位置移动到中间位置时，液压支撑缸的液压回路处于畅通状态，并可保证当浮动天车2突然变化时，能够自动关闭液压锁定阀；当单作用气动操作阀34手柄从右端移动至中间位置时，液压锁定阀仍然处于关闭状态，此时的液压回路中的回油速度会加快。如果需要进行自动操作时，需要将单作用气动操作阀34手柄移动至左端位置处，并保持该状态几秒后再将手柄移动到单作用气动操作阀34中间位置处。As shown in Figure 5, the hydraulic support locking mechanism 4 also includes a hydraulic locking circuit, the hydraulic locking circuit includes a filter 31, a two-position two-way hydraulic control reversing valve 32, a hydraulic pilot valve 33, a single-acting pneumatically operated valve 34 and the gas tank 35, the two ends of the single-acting pneumatic operation valve 34 are connected with the gas tank 35 respectively, the first control end of the two-position two-way hydraulic control reversing valve 32 is connected with the accumulator 18, the filter 31 is connected with the two-position two-way The first interface of the hydraulic control reversing valve 32 is connected to the filter 31, and the second interface of the two-position two-way hydraulic control reversing valve 32 is respectively connected with the first control end of the hydraulic pilot valve 33 and the hydraulic oil tank 30, and the hydraulic pilot The second control end of the valve 33 is respectively connected to the second control end and the third interface of the two-position two-way hydraulic control reversing valve 32, and the first control end of the two-position two-way hydraulic control reversing valve 32 is connected to the single-acting pneumatic operation The first inlet of the valve 34 is connected, the filter 31 is also connected with the second inlet of the single-acting pneumatically operated valve 34, the first outlet of the single-acting pneumatically operated valve 34 is connected with the hydraulic oil tank 30, and the two-position two-way hydraulic control reversing valve A check valve is installed on the pipeline between 32 and the hydraulic pilot valve 33, the inlet side of the check valve is connected to the second outlet of the single-acting pneumatically operated valve 34, and the outlet side is connected to the first control end of the single-acting pneumatically operated valve 34 connect. The two-position two-way hydraulic pilot control reversing valve 28 in the hydraulic system circuit is equipped with two sets of combined hydraulic lock/deceleration valves and the two-position two-way hydraulic pilot control reversing valve 28 to form a hydraulic locking circuit. The combination enables the floating crown 2 and its suspended load to be locked at any position in the heave compensation path, and can be automatically closed even when the drill pipe breaks or the oil supply hose in the hydraulic circuit breaks and leaks oil. Both ends of the single-acting pneumatically operated valve 34 communicate with the gas tank 35, and the gas tank 35 realizes its opening and closing. The single-acting pneumatic operation valve 34 can be manually operated through the handle, the right end position of the operation valve is closed state, the left end position is open state, and the middle position is automatic state. When the handle of the single-acting pneumatic operation valve 34 is at the right end position, the hydraulic locking valve is closed, and the circuit through which the hydraulic oil in the two groups of hydraulic support cylinders flows into the hydraulic cylinders is cut off, so that the piston rods of the hydraulic support cylinders are fixed at the heave compensation path. At the locked position; when the handle of the single-acting pneumatic operating valve 34 is at the left end position, the circuit from the two chambers of the hydraulic support cylinder to the hydraulic cylinder is in a smooth state; when the handle of the single-acting pneumatic operating valve 34 moves from the left end position to the middle position, The hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic support cylinder is in a smooth state, and it can ensure that when the floating crane 2 changes suddenly, the hydraulic locking valve can be automatically closed; when the handle of the single-acting pneumatic operation valve 34 moves from the right end to the middle position, the hydraulic locking valve is still in position In the closed state, the oil return speed in the hydraulic circuit will be accelerated at this time. If automatic operation is required, the handle of the single-acting pneumatic operating valve 34 needs to be moved to the left end position, and after maintaining this state for a few seconds, the handle is moved to the middle position of the single-acting pneumatic operating valve 34.
如图6所示，所述导向装置5包括直线导轨36、导向轮37和轴向导轨支撑架38，直线导轨36竖直安装在井架框架1上，直线导轨36与井架框架1之间通过轴向导轨支撑架38固定，导向轮37安装在浮动天车2上，导向轮37与直线导轨36配合。直线导轨36上下两端固定在井架框架1上，导向轮37与直线导轨36之间形成相互挤压，并与浮动天车2相连，可实现对天车升沉补偿装置在运动补偿过程中的导向作用，同时，由于直线导轨36长度较长，在直线导轨36非接触侧设置轴向导轨支撑架38，导向装置5能够有效避免浮动天车2产生较大的横向摆动。As shown in Figure 6, the guide device 5 includes a linear guide rail 36, a guide wheel 37 and an axial guide rail support frame 38, the linear guide rail 36 is vertically installed on the derrick frame 1, and the linear guide rail 36 and the derrick frame 1 pass through a shaft. Guide rail support frame 38 is fixed, and guide wheel 37 is installed on the floating crane 2, and guide wheel 37 cooperates with linear guide rail 36. The upper and lower ends of the linear guide rail 36 are fixed on the derrick frame 1, and the guide wheels 37 and the linear guide rail 36 are pressed against each other, and connected with the floating crane 2, which can realize the compensation of the heave compensation device of the crane during the motion compensation process. At the same time, because the length of the linear guide rail 36 is longer, the axial guide rail support frame 38 is provided on the non-contact side of the linear guide rail 36, and the guide device 5 can effectively prevent the large lateral swing of the floating crane 2.
如图7所示，所述直线导轨36包括安装在井架框架1一侧的直线导轨一39和直线导轨二40、安装在井架框架1另一侧的直线导轨三41和直线导轨四42，导向轮37包括与直线导轨一39对应的导向轮一43，与直线导轨二40对应的导向轮二44、与直线导轨三41对应的导向轮三45以及与直线导轨四42对应的导向轮四46，导向轮一43通过导向轮轴一47安装在浮动天车2上，导向轮二44通过导向轮轴二48安装在浮动天车2上，导向轮三45通过导向轮轴三49安装在浮动天车2上，导向轮四46通过导向轮50轴四安装在浮动天车2上。As shown in Figure 7, the linear guide rail 36 includes a linear guide rail one 39 and a linear guide rail two 40 installed on one side of the derrick frame 1, a linear guide rail three 41 and a linear guide rail four 42 installed on the other side of the derrick frame 1, and guide Wheel 37 comprises guide wheel one 43 corresponding with linear guide rail one 39, guide wheel two 44 corresponding with linear guide rail two 40, guide wheel three 45 corresponding with linear guide rail three 41 and guide wheel four 46 corresponding with linear guide rail four 42 The first guide wheel 43 is installed on the floating crane 2 through the first guide wheel shaft 47, the second guide wheel 44 is installed on the floating crane 2 through the second guide wheel shaft 48, and the third guide wheel 45 is installed on the floating crane 2 through the third guide wheel shaft 49 On, guide wheel 446 is installed on the floating crane 2 by guide wheel 50 axle 4.
如图8所示，所述被动补偿钢丝绳8摇臂机构6包括摇臂支撑缸一51、摇臂支撑缸二52、摇臂支撑缸三53、摇臂支撑缸四54、摇臂导向轮一55、摇臂导向轮二56、液压缸一57和液压缸二58，摇臂支撑缸一51的下端铰接安装在快绳导向轮59上，快速导向轮安装在井架框架1的一侧，上端铰接安装有摇臂导向轮一55，摇臂导向轮一55还与摇臂支撑缸二52的一端铰接，摇臂支撑缸二52的另一端与浮动天车2铰接相连，摇臂导向轮一55还与液压缸一57的一端铰接，液压缸一57的另一端铰接在井架框架1上，摇臂支撑缸四54的下端铰接安装在死绳导向轮60上，死绳导向轮60安装在井架框架1的另一侧，上端铰接安装有摇臂导向轮二56，摇臂导向轮二56还与摇臂支撑缸三53的一端铰接，摇臂支撑缸三53的另一端与浮动天车2铰接相连，摇臂导向轮二56还与液压缸二58的一端铰接，液压缸二58的另一端铰接在井架框架1上，快绳61绕过快绳导向轮59和摇臂导向轮一55后，进入浮动天车2和游车7的滚轮进行缠绕，死绳62绕过死绳导向轮60和摇臂导向轮二56后，进入浮动天车2和游车7的滚轮进行缠绕。摇臂导向轮一55和摇臂导向轮二56在保证快绳61和死绳62确定运动轨迹的情况下，有助于减轻快绳61和死绳62在升沉补偿运动过程中的磨损，同时摇臂支撑杆一、摇臂支撑杆二和摇臂支撑杆三、摇臂支撑杆四可绕移动铰进行灵活转动。蓄能器一63和蓄能器二64分别安装在液压缸一57和液压缸二58缸体下部一侧并进行内缸体相连通。As shown in Figure 8, the passive compensation wire rope 8 rocker arm mechanism 6 includes rocker arm support cylinder one 51, rocker arm support cylinder two 52, rocker arm support cylinder three 53, rocker arm support cylinder four 54, rocker arm guide wheel one 55. Rocker arm guide wheel 2 56, hydraulic cylinder 1 57 and hydraulic cylinder 2 58, the lower end of rocker arm support cylinder 1 51 is hingedly installed on the fast rope guide wheel 59, and the fast guide wheel is installed on one side of the derrick frame 1, and the upper end Rocker arm guide wheel 1 55 is hingedly installed, and rocker arm guide wheel 1 55 is also hinged with one end of rocker arm support cylinder 2 52, and the other end of rocker arm support cylinder 2 52 is hingedly connected with floating crane 2, rocker arm guide wheel 1 55 is also hinged with one end of hydraulic cylinder one 57, the other end of hydraulic cylinder one 57 is hinged on the derrick frame 1, and the lower end of rocker arm support cylinder four 54 is hingedly installed on the dead rope guide wheel 60, and the dead rope guide wheel 60 is installed on the On the other side of the derrick frame 1, the upper end is hingedly equipped with rocker arm guide wheel 2 56, and the rocker arm guide wheel 2 56 is also hinged with one end of the rocker arm support cylinder 3 53, and the other end of the rocker arm support cylinder 3 53 is connected with the floating crown 2 are hingedly connected, the rocker arm guide wheel 2 56 is also hinged with one end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 58, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 58 is hinged on the derrick frame 1, and the fast rope 61 bypasses the fast rope guide wheel 59 and the rocker arm guide wheel 1 After 55, enter the rollers of floating crane 2 and traveling car 7 to wind, and dead rope 62 walks around dead rope guide wheel 60 and rocking arm guide wheel 2 56, enters the roller of floating crane 2 and traveling car 7 to wind. The first rocker guide wheel 55 and the second rocker guide wheel 56 help to reduce the wear and tear of the fast rope 61 and the dead rope 62 during the heave compensation movement while ensuring that the fast rope 61 and the dead rope 62 determine the trajectory of motion. Simultaneously rocking arm supporting rod one, rocking arm supporting rod two and rocking arm supporting rod three, rocking arm supporting rod four can flexibly rotate around the movable hinge. The first accumulator 63 and the second accumulator 64 are respectively installed on one side of the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder 57 and the second hydraulic cylinder 58 and communicate with the inner cylinders.
如图8和图9所示，所述液压缸一57的一侧还设置有蓄能器一63，蓄能器一63与液压缸一57的无杆腔连接，所述液压缸二58的一侧还设置有蓄能器二64，蓄能器二64与液压缸二58的无杆腔连接，被动补偿钢丝绳8摇臂机构6在被动补偿过程中，由液压缸活塞杆、钢丝绳8、液压缸内液压油和蓄能器中气体组成了一个完整的能量存储与释放循环系统。天车升沉补偿装置的浮动天车2在运动补偿过程中，被动补偿钢丝绳8摇臂机构6的被动补偿能量，主要来源于通过钢丝绳8在摇臂导向轮37上收缩移动对液压缸活塞杆产生的压力，同时使蓄能器中储气罐35的气体被压缩而实现能量的存储，并能通过蓄能器释放上一过程中所存储的能量，使液压缸活塞杆推动钢丝绳8运动，对浮动天车2的升沉运动进行被动补偿。As shown in Figures 8 and 9, one side of the hydraulic cylinder one 57 is also provided with an accumulator one 63, the accumulator one 63 is connected with the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder one 57, and the hydraulic cylinder two 58 One side is also provided with accumulator two 64, and accumulator two 64 is connected with the rodless chamber of hydraulic cylinder two 58, and passive compensation steel wire rope 8 rocker arm mechanism 6 is in passive compensation process, by hydraulic cylinder piston rod, steel wire rope 8, The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder and the gas in the accumulator form a complete energy storage and release cycle system. During the motion compensation process of the floating crane 2 of the crane heave compensation device, the passive compensation energy of the steel wire rope 8 rocker mechanism 6 is mainly derived from the movement of the steel wire rope 8 on the rocker guide wheel 37 to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. The generated pressure simultaneously makes the gas in the gas storage tank 35 in the accumulator be compressed to realize energy storage, and the energy stored in the previous process can be released through the accumulator, so that the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder pushes the wire rope 8 to move, The heave motion of the floating crane 2 is passively compensated.
被动补偿式钢丝绳8摇臂机构的被动补偿过程具体如下：浮式钻井平台在海洋环境载荷作用下，在升沉运动平面内产生向上的升沉运动时，天车升沉补偿装置的浮动天车2在机械驱动机构驱动下，通过液压支撑缸和驱动齿轮与直齿条轮齿的啮合驱动，使得浮动天车2在导向装置5的导轨内实现向下运动以对产生的位移进行运动补偿，此时被动补偿钢丝绳8摇臂机构6中的两幅移动铰向内进行收缩运动，由于钻井钢丝绳8所悬挂的浮动天车2重量较大，使其在摇臂运动过程中对摇臂导向轮一55和摇臂导向轮二56产生较大压力，通过移动铰与摇臂导向轮一55和摇臂导向轮二56相连的液压缸一57和液压缸二58受压力时产生收缩，对与液压缸一57和液压缸二58相互连接的蓄能器一63和蓄能器二64中气体进行压缩，并利用蓄能器一63和蓄能器二64实现能量的储存；当浮式钻井平台产生向下的运动时，需要浮动天车2向上运动进行运动补偿，被动补偿钢丝绳8摇臂机构6的移动铰随之向外展出，此时蓄能器一63和蓄能器二64释放前一运动过程中储存的能量，用于推动液压缸一57和液压缸二58向外运动，通过摇臂导向轮一55和摇臂导向轮二56带动钢丝绳8所悬挂的浮动天车2向上运动，减轻外界补偿能量的供给。The passive compensation process of the passively compensated steel wire rope 8 rocker mechanism is as follows: when the floating drilling platform generates upward heave motion in the heave motion plane under the load of the marine environment, the floating crown of the crane heave compensation device 2 Driven by the mechanical drive mechanism, through the meshing drive of the hydraulic support cylinder and the drive gear and the spur rack gear, the floating crown 2 moves downward in the guide rail of the guide device 5 to perform motion compensation for the generated displacement. At this time, the two moving hinges in the passive compensation wire rope 8 rocker mechanism 6 perform contraction movement inwardly. Since the floating crane 2 suspended by the drilling wire rope 8 has a relatively large weight, it has a large impact on the rocker guide wheel during the rocker movement. One 55 and rocking arm guide wheel two 56 produce larger pressure, and the hydraulic cylinder one 57 and hydraulic cylinder two 58 that link to each other with rocking arm guide wheel one 55 and rocking arm guide wheel two 56 by moving hinge produce contraction when being pressurized, to and The gas in accumulator 1 63 and accumulator 2 64 connected to hydraulic cylinder 1 57 and hydraulic cylinder 2 58 is compressed, and energy storage is realized by using accumulator 1 63 and accumulator 2 64; when floating drilling When the platform moves downward, the floating crane 2 needs to move upward for motion compensation, and the moving hinge of the passive compensation wire rope 8 rocker mechanism 6 is displayed outwards. At this time, accumulator 1 63 and accumulator 2 64 The energy stored in the previous movement is released to push hydraulic cylinder 1 57 and hydraulic cylinder 2 58 to move outward, and the floating crane 2 suspended by the steel wire rope 8 is driven by the rocker arm guide wheel 1 55 and the rocker arm guide wheel 2 56 Moving upwards reduces the supply of external compensation energy.
本发明的工作过程如下：对钻柱升沉运动进行补偿过程中，当浮式钻井平台或钻井船随波浪上升时，会导致大钩及游车7载荷增加，带动液压支撑锁定机构4中液压支撑缸一16和液压支撑缸二17内活塞杆向外运动，使蓄能器18中气体发生膨胀，由此驱动浮动天车2相对于井架框架1向上运动，被动补偿钢丝绳8摇臂机构6向外扩展，张紧快绳61，补偿大钩和钻柱由于浮式钻井平台或钻井船上升产生的运动位移。当浮式钻井平台或钻井船随波浪下降时，会导致大钩载荷减小，带动液压支撑锁定机构4中液压支撑缸一16和液压支撑缸二17内活塞杆向内运动，使得蓄能器18中气体被压缩，由此驱动浮动天车2相对井架框架1向下运动，被动补偿钢丝绳8摇臂机构6向内收缩，放松钻井快绳61，补偿游车7和大钩与钻柱由于浮式钻井平台或钻井船下降产生的运动位移。The working process of the present invention is as follows: in the process of compensating the heave movement of the drill string, when the floating drilling platform or the drilling ship rises with the waves, the load of the hook and the traveling block 7 will increase, driving the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic support locking mechanism 4 to increase. The piston rods in support cylinder 1 16 and hydraulic support cylinder 2 17 move outwards, causing the gas in accumulator 18 to expand, thereby driving the floating crane 2 to move upward relative to the derrick frame 1, passively compensating the steel wire rope 8 rocker arm mechanism 6 Extend outward, tension the fast rope 61, and compensate the movement displacement of the hook and the drill string due to the rise of the floating drilling platform or the drilling ship. When the floating drilling platform or drilling ship descends with the waves, the load on the hook will decrease, which will drive the piston rods in hydraulic support cylinder 1 16 and hydraulic support cylinder 2 17 in hydraulic support locking mechanism 4 to move inward, making the accumulator The gas in 18 is compressed, thereby driving the floating crane 2 to move downward relative to the derrick frame 1, the passive compensation wire rope 8 and the rocker mechanism 6 shrink inward, loosen the fast drilling rope 61, and compensate the traveling block 7 and the hook and the drill string due to The motion displacement caused by the lowering of a floating drilling platform or drilling vessel.
同时，天车升沉补偿装置还可实现以下功能：①司钻人员可通过调节位于钻井平台工作甲板上的压力调节阀来改变补偿液压缸的压力，能够实现快速调节井底钻压的功能；②当进行正常钻井作业时，若将液压支撑锁定机构4中补偿液压缸内活塞杆对浮动天车2的推力调节到略低于大钩载荷的范围内，使浮动天车2能够沿着导向装置5向下移动，能够实现自动进尺功能，当浮动天车2向下运行到最低点时，位于工作甲板上的司钻人员可通过放松钻井绞车上的快绳61，使游车7和大钩继续向下移动，实现自动送钻功能；③通过液压支撑锁定机构4中设置的液压锁定汇率，在进行起下钻作业时，可将浮动天车2锁在井架框架1顶部，使浮动天车2不能随钻柱一起运动，保证天车升沉装置对钻柱升沉运动的有效补偿和钻井作业的顺利进行。At the same time, the crown block heave compensation device can also realize the following functions: ① The driller can change the pressure of the compensation hydraulic cylinder by adjusting the pressure regulating valve located on the working deck of the drilling platform, which can realize the function of quickly adjusting the drilling pressure at the bottom of the well; ②During normal drilling operations, if the thrust of the piston rod in the compensation hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic support locking mechanism 4 to the floating crown 2 is adjusted to a range slightly lower than the load of the hook, the floating crown 2 can move along the guide The device 5 moves downwards, which can realize the automatic footage function. When the floating crane 2 runs down to the lowest point, the driller on the working deck can loosen the fast rope 61 on the drilling winch, so that the traveling crane 7 and the large The hook continues to move downwards to realize the function of automatic drilling; ③ Through the hydraulic lock exchange rate set in the hydraulic support locking mechanism 4, the floating crane 2 can be locked on the top of the derrick frame 1 during the tripping operation, so that the floating crane can Car 2 cannot move together with the drill string, so as to ensure the effective compensation of the heave motion of the drill string by the crane heave device and the smooth progress of the drilling operation.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610595540.8ACN106089127B (en) | 2016-07-27 | 2016-07-27 | A kind of semi-active type overhead traveling crane heave compensation system for deepwater drilling operation |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610595540.8ACN106089127B (en) | 2016-07-27 | 2016-07-27 | A kind of semi-active type overhead traveling crane heave compensation system for deepwater drilling operation |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106089127A CN106089127A (en) | 2016-11-09 |
| CN106089127Btrue CN106089127B (en) | 2018-06-15 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610595540.8AExpired - Fee RelatedCN106089127B (en) | 2016-07-27 | 2016-07-27 | A kind of semi-active type overhead traveling crane heave compensation system for deepwater drilling operation |
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